Test Review AnswersTest Review Answers

Question 11a)Heterogeneous (“different kinds”)

A mechanical mixture.

2 or more substances can be seen or felt.

Homogeneous (“same kind”)

A solution

Particles of 2 or more pure substances mix completely

Feel and look like one substance

Properties of sample always the same

Colloids

b) A mixture in which extremely small particles are evenly distributed and are hard to see with the unaided eye.

Example: whipped cream, fogSuspensions

a mixture where the particles, if left alone, gravity will help separate.

Example: Italian salad dressing

• Ketchup

Classification of Matter

Mixture – Two or more pure substances mixed together. A special type of mixture is an alloy. See below. Example: Copper and

Zinc can be mixed together to produce brass.

Even though it may look different, it is still copper and zinc. Each metal retains its own properties like melting point.

Pure SubstancesPure substances can also be divided into 2

categories: compounds and elements.

Compound – Two or more elements chemically bonded together.

Examples:Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Water (H2O)Salt (NaCl) Sucrose (C12H22O11)

Elements – Substances made up of only one type of atom. - Cannot be separated by any physical OR chemical process.Examples:Carbon, Helium,Gold

Mechanical Mixture a substance made of more than one

kind of particle in which the particles are not uniformly scattered. (heterogeneous) example: pizza

SolutionsA homogeneous mixture of 2 or more

pure substances.

Ex. Kool-Aid

Weight is the measure of gravitational pull on matter, measured in Newtons. Weight can vary depending on where you are.

Mass is the amount of matter in an object measured in grams using a balance scale.

A physical property describes the qualities of matter that will not change its composition.Examples:color,malleability,ductile, shape

A chemical property describes the qualities of matter that will change its composition.Examples: combustibility, flammability, corrosive.

Question 3

a) physical

b) physical

c) chemical

d) chemical

Question 4

Three indicators of a chemical change are:

1. Gas is produced (bubbles, fizz)

2. Color change (cooking)

3. Burning, fire, explosives

4. Rust

Question 5

a) chemical

b) physical

c) physical

d) chemical

e) physical

f) chemical

Question 6a) Mechanical Mixture

b) element (on periodic table)

c) Suspension (need to shake)

d) solution

e) colloid (white, cloudy)

f) mechanical mixture

g) element

h) colloid

I) alloy (solution of metals)

j) mecanical mixture

j) element

k) suspension (settle over time)

The Particle TheoryThe Particle Theory1. All matter is composed of

tiny particles. Size and shape vary. All particles of pure substance

are exactly the same size.

2. All particles of one substance are the same Salt particles are different from

pepper particles

The Particle TheoryThe Particle Theory3. There are spaces between

particles.4. Particles are always moving –

the more energy they have, the faster they move.

temp the faster the particles move

5. There are forces of attraction between particles.

The Particle TheoryThe Particle Theory

Matter has particles Moving particles

Attraction between particles

Same particles throughout

Spaces between particles

M2ASS

Energy is transferred between particles by moving particles hitting each other and either speeding up or slowing down.

MatterMatter

Solid Particles are close together and

locked together into a pattern.Attractive forces are very strong.Particles move, but only vibrate

in one place.

MatterMatter

LiquidParticles are slightly farther apartAttractive forces are weakerParticles are able to slide past

one another

MatterMatter

GasParticles are far apart.Attractive forces are weakest.Particles are able to move in any

direction.

Classification of MatterClassification of Matter

matter

mixtures pure substances

mechanical mixture(heterogeneous)

solutions(homogeneous)

Matter can exist in 4 states:

Any substance or material that has mass and occupies space.

solid, liquid, gas and plasma

Law of Conservation of Matter

No matter can be created or destroyed. In a chemical reaction, the mass of the reactants will always equal the mass of the products. As well, the individual atoms will not be lost. If we start with 4 atoms of Carbon, we will end with 4 atoms of Carbon, however in different forms of matter.

Example: water + baking soda