Test Driven Development Testing Cooking Book

Presenter Name

Presenter Title

Presentation

Date Jonathan LalouSoftware ArchitectAgile DevelopmentScrum Master

January 24th, 2012

Test Driven DevelopmentTesting Cooking Book

www.sungard.com/consultingProprietary and Confidential. Not to be distributed or reproduced without permission

Disclaimer on this training session

Expected attendees level: beginner / middle Java as well as C++, DotNet, etc. No difficulty on Java

Slow rise Targets:

Search, think, try, investigate… no solution “out of the box” Transmit best practices Give return of experiences Improve your skills

Needed: Brain, pencil, paper IDE (Eclipse, IDEA) Jars: JUnit, EasyMock, Log4j

Planned duration: 2h


1. Test Driven Development1. Concepts

2. Interest

3. Among other Agile methods

2. Unit Test Cooking Book1. Basics

2. Methods within methods

3. Layers / Mocks

4. Exceptions

5. Private methods

3. Other Testsa. Integration tests

b. Runtime tests

c. Stress tests

4. Limitations and Vulnerabilities

Plan


MySelf!

Jonathan LALOU Mines Nancy 2000-2003 Cadextan / SunGard since 2005 BNP Arbitrage since 2007:

PW European PB


BKN Agility

Business Knowledge Network Agility

Scrum General (2 sessions, once a month) Scrum master Product Owner

TDD (1 session, once a month) Continuous Integration Lean Etc.

For Sungard consultants For Sungard customers


Who we are

Test Driven Development


Concepts

Write test before implementation Lifecycle

1. Write a test2. Check it fails3. Write minimum code to make the test succeed4. Check it succeeds5. Refactor


Interest

Improve specifications Provide validation for development Less debug Less regression Safe refactoring Automatization


Among Other Agile Methods

Other famous Agile methods: Scrum, XP, Continuous Integration

XP loves TDD One codes the test One codes the needed program

Continuous Integration Runs complete test set Raises errors soon

Version Control System easy roll back


Experience…

Covertures: 80% Need update To be run before each commit Strategy

Quick and dirty: With private methods At the bottom of the very class Need compilation

“No private” methods In the same package, in another folder


Who we are

Unit Test Cooking Book


Who we are

Basics for Beginners


Basic (1)

Example: “write a service that sums two integers”


Basic (2)

Mode “I’ve just got out of school”:1 public class Summer {

2 public Integer sum(Integer a, Integer b){

3 return a+b;

4 }

5

6 public static void main(String[] args){

7 int foo = new Summer().sum(12, 5);

8 if (foo != 17){

9 System.err.println("There is an error");

10 }else{

11 System.out.println("this is OK");

12 }

13

14 }

15 }


Basic (3)

Mode “TDD”

1/ Create empty class Summer:1 public class Summer {


3 return null;

4 }

2/ Create unit test:

1 public class SummerUnitTest extends TestCase {

2 public void testSum() throws Exception {

3 assertEquals(17, new Summer().sum(15, 2));

4 }

5 }

3/ Complete class Summer:1 public class Summer {


3 return a+b;

4 }


Basic (4)

Framework JUnit Open source, quasi standard Integration within IntelliJ IDEA, Eclipse, Netbeans, etc. Integration with Maven (plugin Surefire) Galaxy of “XUnit”: NUnit, PHPUnit, PyUnit, etc. Other framework: TestNG, etc.

JUnit 3 setUp() tearDown() void test*()

JUnit 4 @Before @After @Test


Basic (5): Expectations

Expectations: Success Failure Error

Asserts: assertEquals assertSame assertTrue / assertFalse assertNull / assertNotNull fail


Exercise 1

Write a class with following services• get the maximum of two integers• get the maximum of an array of integers• flip an array of integers• says whether a String is a valid email address

(please do not use Apache Commons, Spring, etc. in unit tests exercises)


Exercise 1: correction

public class Exercise1 { public Integer maxOfTwo(Integer a, Integer b) { return a > b ? a : b; }

public Integer maxOfArray(int[] args) { /*if (args == null || args.length == 0) { return null; }*/ Integer max = Integer.MIN_VALUE; for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++) { max = maxOfTwo(max, args[i]); } return max; }

public int[] flip(int[] source) { final int[] answer = new int[source.length]; for (int i = 0; i < source.length; i++) { answer[i] = source[source.length - i - 1]; } return answer; }}


Exercise 1: correction (JUnit 3)

public class Exercise1UnitTestJUnit3 extends TestCase{private Exercise1 exercise1;

protected void setUp() { exercise1 = new Exercise1(); }

protected void tearDown() { exercise1 = null; }

public void testMaxOfTwo() throws Exception { Assert.assertEquals(5, exercise1.maxOfTwo(4, 5).intValue()); }

public void testMaxOfArray() { Assert.assertEquals(15, exercise1.maxOfArray(new int[]{5, 6, 3, 15, 4, 9,

14}).intValue()); }

public void testFlip() { final int[] source = new int[]{1, 2, 5, 4, 6}; final int[] expectedAnswer = new int[]{6, 4, 5, 2, 1}; final int[] actualAnswer = exercise1.flip(source); Assert.assertNotNull(actualAnswer); Assert.assertEquals(actualAnswer.length, source.length); for (int i = 0; i < actualAnswer.length; i++) { Assert.assertEquals(expectedAnswer[i], actualAnswer[i]); } }

}


Exercise 1: correction (JUnit 4)

public class Exercise1UnitTest {

private Exercise1 exercise1;

@org.junit.Before

public void methodBefore() {

exercise1 = new Exercise1();

}

@org.junit.After

public void methodAfter() {

exercise1 = null;

}

@Test

public void maxOfTwo() throws Exception {

Assert.assertEquals(5, exercise1.maxOfTwo(4, 5).intValue());

}

@Test

public void maxOfArray() {

Assert.assertEquals(15, exercise1.maxOfArray(new int[]{5, 6, 3, 15, 4, 9, 14}).intValue());

}

@Test

public void flip() {

final int[] source = new int[]{1, 2, 5, 4, 6};

final int[] expectedAnswer = new int[]{6, 4, 5, 2, 1};

final int[] actualAnswer = exercise1.flip(source);

Assert.assertNotNull(actualAnswer);

Assert.assertEquals(actualAnswer.length, source.length);

for (int i = 0; i < actualAnswer.length; i++) {

Assert.assertEquals(expectedAnswer[i], actualAnswer[i]);

}

}

}


Best Practices (1)

For each class X, create a class XUnitTest extends TestCase

X in src/ folder, XUnitTest in test/unit Use any value, rather than basic values (0, 1)

546541 95.1215 “myVariableName”

Beware of: Arrays and Collections asserts on elements


Exercise 2

Write following services:• Get the absolute value of a Double• Get f: x x²• Get g: (x,y) y(xy)

• Reminder: • x < 0 |x| = -x • x >= 0 |x| = +x


Exercise 2: Correction (1)

package lalou.jonathan.tdd;

/** * User: Jonathan Lalou * Date: 9/22/11 * Time: 1:53 PM * $Id$ */public class Exercise2 { public Double absoluteValue(Double x) { if (x > 0) return x; else return -x; }

public Double f(Double x){ return Math.sqrt(Math.pow(x, 2)); }

public Double g (Double x, Double y){ return Math.pow(Math.pow(x, y), 1/y); }

}



public class Exercise2UnitTest {private Exercise2 exercise2;

@Before public void setUp(){ exercise2 = new Exercise2(); }

@Test public void testAbsoluteValue_positive() throws Exception { Assert.assertEquals(3.2, exercise2.absoluteValue(3.2)); }

// the second test IS needed @Test public void testAbsoluteValue_negative() throws Exception { Assert.assertEquals(4.5, exercise2.absoluteValue(-4.5)); }

@Test public void testF() throws Exception { final double expected = 6.9999; Assert.assertEquals(expected, exercise2.f(expected)); }// …}



@Test public void testG() throws Exception { final double expected = 6.9999999; final Double power = 99.99987654; Assert.assertEquals(expected, exercise2.g(expected, power)); }

… junit.framework.AssertionFailedError: expected:<6.9999999> but

was:<6.999999899999999>at lalou.jonathan.tdd.Exercise2UnitTest.testG(Exercise2UnitTest.java:41)at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)

(…)at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:157)

(…)at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain.main(AppMain.java:120)

Process finished with exit code -1



@Test

public void testG() throws Exception {

final double expected = 6.9999999;

final Double power = 99.99987654;

final Double epsilon = 0.1;

Assert.assertEquals(

expected,

exercise2.g(expected, power),

epsilon);

}


Best Practices (2)

Test every possible switch Beware of:

Double, Float, etc. add an epsilon


Exercise 3

A complex number: (x, y) / (ρ,θ) Write the method that gives the square of the module Write unit test



1 public class Complex {

2 private final Double x, y, rho, theta;

3

4 public Complex(Double x, Double y, Double rho, Double theta) {

5 this.rho = rho;

6 this.theta = theta;

7 this.x = x;

8 this.y = y;

9 }

10

11 public Double getSquaredModule(){

12 return x*x + y*y;

13 }

14 }



1 public void testGetSquaredModule_firstAttempt() { 2 final Double expected = 5.0, epsilon = 0.01; 3 final Complex complex = new Complex(1.0, 2.0,

Math.sqrt(5), 1.10714872); 4 final Double actual = complex.getSquaredModule(); 5 assertEquals(expected, actual, epsilon); 6 } 7 8 public void testGetSquaredModule_secondAttempt() { 9 final Double expected = 5.0, epsilon = 0.01; 10 final Complex complex = new Complex(0.0, 0.0,

Math.sqrt(5), 1.10714872); 11 final Double actual =

complex.getSquaredModule(); 12 assertNotSame(expected, actual);

13 }



1 public void testGetSquaredModule_right() {

2 final Double expected = 5.0, epsilon = 0.01;

3 final Complex complex = new Complex(1.0, 2.0, 0.0,

0.0);

4 final Double actual = complex.getSquaredModule();

5 assertEquals(expected, actual, epsilon);

6 }


Best Practices (3)

Setup the minimum of needed fields


Methods within a method (1)

Errors can offset each other Idea:

test only one method at a time override / mock other methods check other methods were called with rights parameters

Not “pure-TDD” (tests before code) Many different ways to test the same code



1 public class MethodWithinMethod {

2

3 public Integer sum(Integer... params) {

4 Integer answer = 0;

5 for (Integer param : params) {

6 answer += param;

7 }

8 return answer;

9 }

10

11 public Integer sumAndQuadruple(Integer... params) {

12 final Integer summed = sum(params);

13 return 4 * summed;

14 }

15 }



1 @Test

2 public void testSum() throws Exception {

3 assertEquals(15, methodWithinMethod.sum(1, 2, 3, 4, 5).intValue());

4 }

5

6 @Test

7 public void testSumAndQuadruple_bad() throws Exception {

8 assertEquals(60, methodWithinMethod.sumAndQuadruple(1, 2, 3, 4, 5).intValue());

9 }



1 @Test 2 public void testSumAndQuadruple_good() throws Exception { 3 final String OK = "OK"; 4 final Integer[] params = new Integer[]{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}; 5 final Integer summed = -1; 6 final StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();

7 methodWithinMethod = new MethodWithinMethod(){ 8 public Integer sum(Integer... _params) { 9 assertEquals(_params, params); 10 sb.append(OK); 11 return summed; 12 } 13 };

14 assertEquals(0, sb.toString().length());15 // before calling method16 assertEquals("", sb.toString());17 assertEquals(-4, methodWithinMethod.sumAndQuadruple(params).intValue()); 18 assertEquals(OK, sb.toString());

19 }


Exercise 5: method within method

Write a class with two methods First: to log input/outputs Second: logs and inverses a non null Integer (and returns 0 for

0)

(excercice#5 is before #4 ;-) )


Exercise 5 : correction (1)

1 public class Exercise5 {

2 public void log(String message) {

3 System.out.println(message);

4 }

5

6 public Double inverse(Integer param) {

7 final Double answer;

8 log("called with parameter: " + param);

9 answer = param == 0 ? 0.0 : 1 / (double) param;

10 log("exit with result: " + answer);

11 return answer;

12 }

13 }


Exercise 5 : correction (2)

public void testInverse() {final List<String> witness = new ArrayList<String>(2);final Exercise5 exercise5 = new Exercise5() {public void log(String message) {

assertTrue(message.equalsIgnoreCase("called with parameter: 4")|| message.equalsIgnoreCase("exit with result: 0.25"));

witness.remove(message);}

};final Integer param = 4;final Double expectedAnswer = 0.25;final Double actualAnswer;

witness.add("called with parameter: 4");witness.add("exit with result: 0.25");

// check before runassertFalse(witness.isEmpty());actualAnswer = exercise5.inverse(param);assertNotNull(actualAnswer);assertEquals(expectedAnswer, actualAnswer, 0.000001);// check after runassertTrue(witness.isEmpty());

}


Who we are

Advanced


Mocks


Layers

Testing layers should deserve a complete training session!

Unit test: test only one class behavior: Service

DAO Logic EJB

Presentation Form Action

Architecture in layers: Unit test strategy:

Unit test each layer Mock other layers

Integration tests


Mocks

Use case / interest: Non-deterministic results Precalculate state Fastness Not yet implemented actual class

Mocks ~ AOP

Mocks Time consuming!


Mocks / Stubs / Fakes

Mock Stub

Provide minimal implementation

Fake Emulate a service, eg: client/server


Mocks: frameworks in Java

Mockit Mockito EasyMock JMock PowerMock …


Mocks: EasyMock (old): setup

1 private TreeNodeDetailVarDao treeNodeDetailVarDao;

3 private MockControl<TreeNodeDetailVarDao> treeNodeDetailVarDaoMockControl;

10 @Before()

11 public void setUp() throws Exception {

12 treeNodeDetailVarDaoMockControl = MockControl.createStrictControl(TreeNodeDetailVarDao.class);

13 treeNodeDetailVarDao = treeNodeDetailVarDaoMockControl.getMock(); 14 }


Mocks: EasyMock (old): test

treeNodeDetailVarDao.getTreeNodeDetailVarByTreeNodeId(treeNodeId);

treeNodeDetailVarDaoMockControl.setReturnValue(12345);

treeNodeDetailVarDaoMockControl.replay();

genericDtoService.getVarDistributionTOByTreeNodeId(treeNodeId, numberOfBars);

treeNodeDetailVarDaoMockControl.verify();


Mocks: EasyMock (new)

“A la” Mockito

1 expect(

2 shiftListDao.findLastUpdateDateForShiftTypeAndValueDate(ShiftType.STRESS_VAR, valueDate)).

3 andReturn(updateDateInDB);

4

5 // shiftListDao.findLastUpdateDateForShiftTypeAndValueDate(ShiftType.STRESS_VAR, valueDate);

6 // shiftListDaoMockControl.setReturnValue(updateDateInDB);


Exercice 4

Three DAOs PeopleDAO PortfolioDAO InstrumentPriceDAO

One service that gets the value of someone’s portfolio One service that gets the total value all portfolios


Exercise 4: correction (1) Entities

public class People {

public Integer id;

public String name;

}

public class Portfolio {

public Integer id;

public Integer peopleId; // foreign key on People

public List<Integer> instrumentIds;

}

public class Instrument {

public Integer id;

public Double price;

public String name;

}


Exercise 4: correction (2) Interfaces

public interface PortfolioDAO {

Portfolio findByPeopleId(Integer peopleId) throws IllegalStateException;

// should throw "PortfolioNotFoundException" IRL

}

public interface PeopleDAO {

List<People> findAll();

void helloWorld();

}

public interface InstrumentDAO {

Instrument findById(Integer pk) throws IllegalStateException;

// should throw "InstrumentNotFoundException" IRL

}


Exercise 4: correction (3) Code

public class Exercise4 { public PeopleDAO peopleDAO; public InstrumentDAO instrumentDAO; public PortfolioDAO portfolioDAO;

public Exercise4(InstrumentDAO instrumentDAO, PeopleDAO peopleDAO, PortfolioDAO portfolioDAO) {

this.instrumentDAO = instrumentDAO; this.peopleDAO = peopleDAO; this.portfolioDAO = portfolioDAO; }


Exercise 4: correction (4) Methods

1 public Double getPortfolioValue(Integer peopleId){ 2 final Portfolio portfolio; 3 Double answer = 0.0; 4 portfolio = portfolioDAO.findByPeopleId(peopleId); 5 for (Integer instrumentId : portfolio.instrumentIds) { 6 final Instrument instrument; 7 instrument = instrumentDAO.findById(instrumentId); 8 answer += instrument.price; 9 } 10 return answer; 11 } 12 13 public Double getAllPortfolioValue(){ 14 final List<People> allPeople; 15 Double answer = 0.0; 16 17 allPeople = peopleDAO.findAll(); 18 for (People people : allPeople) { 19 answer += getPortfolioValue(people.id); 20 } 21 peopleDAO.helloWorld(); 22 23 return answer; 24 }


Exercise 4: correction (5) Unit Tests Setup

public class Exercise4UnitTest extends TestCase { final double epsilon = 0.0001;

private PeopleDAO peopleDAO; private InstrumentDAO instrumentDAO; private PortfolioDAO portfolioDAO;

private MockControl<PeopleDAO> peopleDAOControl; private MockControl<InstrumentDAO> instrumentDAOControl; private MockControl<PortfolioDAO> portfolioDAOControl;

private Exercise4 exercise4;

@Before public void setUp() throws Exception { peopleDAOControl = MockControl.createStrictControl(PeopleDAO.class); instrumentDAOControl = MockControl.createStrictControl(InstrumentDAO.class); portfolioDAOControl = MockControl.createStrictControl(PortfolioDAO.class);

peopleDAO = peopleDAOControl.getMock(); instrumentDAO = instrumentDAOControl.getMock(); portfolioDAO = portfolioDAOControl.getMock();

exercise4 = new Exercise4(instrumentDAO, peopleDAO, portfolioDAO); }


Exercise 4: correction (6) Mocks Setup

private void mockReplay() {

peopleDAOControl.replay();

instrumentDAOControl.replay();

portfolioDAOControl.replay();

}

private void mockVerify() {

peopleDAOControl.verify();

instrumentDAOControl.verify();

portfolioDAOControl.verify();

}


Exercise 4: correction (7) Unit test#1

@Test public void testGetPortfolioValue() throws Exception { final Integer peopleId = 5610; final Portfolio portfolio = new Portfolio(); final Instrument instrument1 = new Instrument(); final Instrument instrument2 = new Instrument(); final int instrumentId1 = 147; final int instrumentId2 = 369; final List<Integer> instrumentIds = Arrays.asList(instrumentId1, instrumentId2); final Double expectedAnswer = 57.9; final Double actualAnswer;

instrument1.id = instrumentId1; instrument2.id = instrumentId2; instrument1.price = 12.3; instrument2.price = 45.6;

portfolio.instrumentIds = instrumentIds;

portfolioDAO.findByPeopleId(peopleId); portfolioDAOControl.setReturnValue(portfolio);

instrumentDAO.findById(instrumentId1); instrumentDAOControl.setReturnValue(instrument1);

instrumentDAO.findById(instrumentId2); instrumentDAOControl.setReturnValue(instrument2);

mockReplay(); actualAnswer = exercise4.getPortfolioValue(peopleId); mockVerify();

assertEquals(expectedAnswer, actualAnswer, epsilon); }


Exercise 4: correction (8) Unit test#2

@Test public void testGetAllPortfolioValue() throws Exception { final Integer id1 = 654, id2 = 987; final People someone = new People(); final People someoneElse = new People(); final List<People> allPeople; final Double expectedAnswer = 2.02; final Double actualAnswer;

someone.id = id1; someoneElse.id = id2;

allPeople = Arrays.asList(someone, someoneElse);

exercise4 = new Exercise4(instrumentDAO, peopleDAO, portfolioDAO) { public Double getPortfolioValue(Integer peopleId) { assertTrue((id1 == peopleId) || (id2 == peopleId)); // not a relevant test!! return 1.01; } };

peopleDAO.findAll(); peopleDAOControl.setReturnValue(allPeople);

peopleDAO.helloWorld(); peopleDAOControl.setVoidCallable();

mockReplay(); actualAnswer = exercise4.getAllPortfolioValue(); mockVerify(); assertEquals(expectedAnswer, actualAnswer, epsilon); }


Mocks: advanced

Controls: Nice controls Controls Strict controls

Matchers Number of calls Ignore fields

(eg: timestamps for / from a DB)

Return value and/or throw Exception!

Mock interfaces and even concrete classes


Private Methods


Private methods

2 strategies: (almost) All methods are at least protected Use Java reflexivity APIs, eg:

1 ThreadGroup threadGroup = Thread.currentThread().getThreadGroup();

2 final Field privateThreadsField;

3 privateThreadsField = ThreadGroup.class.getDeclaredField( “threads”);

5 privateThreadsField.setAccessible(true);

6 threads = (Thread[]) privateThreadsField.get(threadGroup);


Exercise 6: Private Methods

Test this class:

1 public class Exercise6 {

2

3 private Integer increment(Integer i){

4 return i++;

5 }

6

7 private Integer decrement(Integer i){

8 return i--;

9 }

10 }



1 public class Exercise6UnitTest {

2 private Exercise6 exercise6;

3 private Method methodIncrement, methodDecrement;

4

5 @Before

6 public void setUp() throws Exception {

7 exercise6 = new Exercise6();

8

9 methodIncrement = Exercise6.class.getDeclaredMethod("increment", Integer.class);

10 methodIncrement.setAccessible(true);

11

12 methodDecrement = Exercise6.class.getDeclaredMethod("decrement", Integer.class);

13 methodDecrement.setAccessible(true);

14 } …15 }


Exercice 6: Correction (2)

1 @Test

2 public void testIncrement() throws InvocationTargetException, IllegalAccessException {

3 final Integer param = 9;

4 final Integer expected = 10;

5 final Integer actual = (Integer) methodIncrement.invoke(exercise6, param);

6

7 assertEquals(expected, actual);

8 }

9

10 @Test

11 public void testDecrement() throws InvocationTargetException, IllegalAccessException {

12 final Integer param = 9;


14 final Integer actual = (Integer) methodDecrement.invoke(exercise6, param);

15

16 assertEquals(expected, actual);

17 }


java.lang.Exceptions


java.lang.Exceptions (1)

Why to test exception? Exceptions are a kind of returned values Testing “KO cases” as well as “OK cases”

JUnit 3 Try/catch

JUnit4 @Test(expected=“…Exception”)

You can’t use both in the same JUnit Test Case!


Exceptions (2)

1 public void testArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException() {

2 final Integer[] array = new Integer[]{1, 2, 3};

3 try {

4 final Integer foo = array[18];

5 fail();

6 } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException aioobe) {

7 // test OK

8 }

9 }

11 @Test(expected = ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException.class)

12 public void testArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException_junit4() {

13 final Integer[] array = new Integer[]{1, 2, 3};

14 final Integer foo = array[18];

15 }


Exercise 7: Exceptions

Write a parser of integers and its unit test

1 public Integer parseString(String szInt)

throws ParseException {

2 return Integer.parseInt(szInt);

3 }


Exercise 7: Correction

1 private Exercise7 exercise7;

3 @Before

4 public void before(){

5 exercise7 = new Exercise7();

6 }

7

8 @Test

9 public void testParseString_OK() throws ParseException {

10 final String szInt = "123456";


12 Assert.assertEquals(expected, exercise7.parseString(szInt));

13 }

14

15 // @Test(expected = Exception.class)

16 @Test(expected = NumberFormatException.class)

17 public void testParseString_KO() throws ParseException {

18 final String szInt = "thisIsNotAnInteger";

19 exercise7.parseString(szInt);}


Loggers


Loggers (1)

Eg:

1 public class ClassWithLogger {

2 private static final Logger LOGGER = Logger.getLogger(ClassWithLogger.class);

3

4 public void printMessage(Integer foo){

5 LOGGER.warn("this is the message#" + foo);

6 }

7 }


Loggers (2)

Idea: play on appenders Consider a List of Strings as an appender Discard other appenders


Loggers (3)

Eg:1 public class TestAimedAppender extends ArrayList<String> implements Appender { 2 private final Class clazz; 3 4 public TestAimedAppender(Class clazz) { 5 super(); 6 this.clazz = clazz; 7 }

public void close() {} 24

25 @Override 26 public void doAppend(LoggingEvent event) { 27 add(event.getRenderedMessage()); 28 } 29 30 @Override 31 public String getName() { 32 return "TestAppender for " + clazz.getSimpleName(); 33 } public boolean requiresLayout() { 58 return false; 59 } ...

60 }


Exercise 8: Loggers

Test the following method, discriminating on log level:1 public class Exercise8 {

2 private static final Logger LOGGER = Logger.getLogger(Exercise8.class);

3

4 public void printAnotherMessage(Integer foo) {

5 if (0 == foo % 2) {

6 LOGGER.info("I am an even number: " + foo);

7 } else {

8 LOGGER.warn("I am an odd number: " + foo);

9 }

10 if (0 == foo % 3) {

11 LOGGER.error(foo + " is dividable by 3");

12 }

13 }

14 }


Exercise 8: correction


new Date()


Exercice 9:

Unit test this method that raises an exception if the Date given as parameter is anterior to current day

(mind the day, don’t mind hour/minutes/seconds)

public void checkDate(Date startValueDate) throws IllegalArgumentException {

if (startValueDate.before(new Date())) {

throw new IllegalArgumentException();

}

}


Exercise 9: correction (1)

public class Exercise9 {

public void checkDate(Date startValueDate) throws IllegalArgumentException{if (startValueDate.before(today())) {

throw new IllegalArgumentException();}

}

protected Date today() {return new Date();

}}



public class Exercise9UnitTest extends TestCase {

private Exercise9 exercise9;private SimpleDateFormat dateFormat = new

SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMdd");private Date today;private Date yesterday;private Date tomorrow;

protected void setUp() throws Exception {today = dateFormat.parse("20120124");yesterday = dateFormat.parse("20120123");tomorrow = dateFormat.parse("20120125");exercise9 = new Exercise9() {

@Overrideprotected Date today() {

return today;}

};}



@Testpublic void testCheckDate_OK() {

try {exercise9.checkDate(tomorrow);

} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {fail();

}}

@Testpublic void testCheckDate_KO() {

try {exercise9.checkDate(yesterday);fail();

} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {// test OK}

}


Who we are

Other Tests


Integration Tests

Test part or all of a complex chain Test in real life situations, not theory behaviors


Runtime Tests

Concepts Examples

DB with Hibernate EJB

(loggers admited in runtime tests)


Runtime Test: JDBC query onto Oracle (1)

1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

2 <beans xmlns=“…”>

7 <bean id="dataSource" destroy-method="close" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">

8 <property name="driverClassName" value="oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver"/>

9 <property name="url" value="jdbc:oracle:thin:@host:1234:SCHEMA"/>

10 <property name="username" value=“myUserName"/>

11 <property name="password" value=“myPassword"/>

12 <property name="initialSize" value="2"/>

13 <property name="minIdle" value="2"/>

14 </bean>

15

16 <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">

17 <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>

18 </bean> 20 </beans>


Runtime Test: JDBC query onto Oracle (2)

public class FloatArrayResultRuntimeTest extends TestCase { 23 private static final Logger LOGGER = Logger.getLogger(FloatArrayResultRuntimeTest.class); private static final String TABLE = "RL_POSITIONRESULTSTRESS"; 30 private static final String PK_FIELD = "POSITIONRESULTSTRESSID"; private static final String BLOB_FIELD =

"stress"; private static final int[] PK_VALUES = {3242, 3247, 3285, 3284}; 33 34 private ApplicationContext applicationContext; 35 private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate; 36 37 @Before 38 public void setUp() throws Exception { 39 applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext( 40 "com/bnpp/pb/risklayer/model/domain/FloatArrayResultRuntimeTest-applicationContext.xml"); 41 assertNotNull(applicationContext); 42 jdbcTemplate = (JdbcTemplate) applicationContext.getBean("jdbcTemplate"); 43 assertNotNull(jdbcTemplate); 44 } 50 @Test 51 public void testGetArray() throws Exception { 52 for (int pk_value : PK_VALUES) { 53 final Blob stressBlob; 54 final byte[] stressBytes; 55 final double[] doubles; 57 stressBlob = (Blob) jdbcTemplate.queryForObject("select " + BLOB_FIELD + " from " + TABLE + " where " +

PK_FIELD + " = " + pk_value, Blob.class); 58 assertNotNull(stressBlob); 59 stressBytes = stressBlob.getBytes(1, (int) stressBlob.length()); 60 doubles = NumericArrayHelper.unzipFloatArrayAsDoubleArray(stressBytes); 61 62 LOGGER.info("Blob size: " + doubles.length); 63 LOGGER.info(ToStringBuilder.reflectionToString(doubles)); 64 } 65 }

66 }


Runtime Test: call a remote EJB (1): Spring

1 <bean id="loaderSessionRemote"

2 class="org.springframework.ejb.access.SimpleRemoteStatelessSessionProxyFactoryBean">

3 <property name="jndiName" value="ejb.backend.generic-data-loader-session-bean"/>

4 <property name="businessInterface" value="com.bnpparibas.primeweb.backend.services.GenericDataLoaderSession"/>

5 <property name="jndiEnvironment">

6 <props>

7 <prop key="java.naming.factory.initial">weblogic.jndi.WLInitialContextFactory</prop>

8 <prop key="java.naming.provider.url">t3://localhost:1234</prop>

9 <prop key="java.naming.security.principal">myLogin</prop>

10 <prop key="java.naming.security.credentials">myPassword</prop>

11 <prop key="weblogic.jndi.enableDefaultUser">true</prop>

12 </props>

13 </property>

14 </bean>


Runtime Test: call a remote EJB (2): Java

1 @Override

2 protected void setUp() throws Exception {

3 BeanFactory factory = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(

"applicationContext.xml",

this.getClass());

4 loaderSession = (GenericDataLoaderSession) factory.getBean("loaderSessionRemote");

5 super.setUp();

6 }


Stress Tests

Simulate behavior face to massive stimulation Validate scalability Identify bottle necks


Who we are

Limitations and vulnerabilities


Limitations

Perfect for: service, DAO, technical, etc. Less suitable for

GUI Swing Web (Struts, GWT, etc.) Multi threads

Expensive Initial cost Maintenance cost


Who we are

Conclusion


Who we are

Questions


Links and contacts

Google! www.junit.org/ Oracle, Sun, Java sites Forums, mailing lists Trainer:

Twitter: @John_the_Cowboy Google+ : +Jonathan.Lalou [email protected] http://jonathan.lalou.free.fr

Documents

Test Driven Development Testing Cooking Book