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TESOL Technology Standards
Technology will not replace teachers, but teachers who use technology will replace those who do not (Ray Clifford)
Dr. Deborah Healey, Oregon State [email protected]
Outline
Why have the Standards? What is the format? What are the basic ideas?
Standards for Teachers Standards for Students
Where can I get more information? Your comments
Why have the standards?
Prompt teachers to learn to use technology in their teaching
Articulate a clear set of stages for the development of teacher IT competence
Help administrators and policy makers Help minimize the digital divide - between
countries and within countries >
What is the format?
One volume Introduction and rationale Technology Standards for Students Technology Standards for Teachers Performance indicators Vignettes (examples) Glossary of specialized terms used in this volume Appendix: current research and resources
Online component
Performance indicators
Examples – not brand names Use of “available” technology In Standards for Students
Most for a range of settings Some specific - young learners, fully online, etc.
In Standards for Teachers Some indicators for “experienced” teachers with a high
level of access
Vignettes –learner and teacher sections Young learners, teens, adults EFL, ESL Intensive English programs Adult workplace English English for specific purposes (academic and
professional) One-computer classroom, class-lab, fully online Administrators and teacher educators
Online component - ideas
More vignettes – open to contributions A hyperlinked list of online resources More information for administrators
How to make decisions about equipment, training, and software
Appropriate recognition for technology specialists More information for completely online teachers Links to information about different types of access
One-computer classroom, class-lab, access only outside class
Standards for Students
Three overarching goals Each with two to five standards 11 standards in all Performance indicators Vignettes as examples
Student Standards: Goal 1
Students demonstrate foundational skills and knowledge in technology for a multilingual world. Standard 1: Students can use basic operating system and
browser functions Standard 2: Students are able to use available input and
output devices (e.g., keyboard, mouse, printer, headset, microphone, media player)
Standard 3: Students exercise appropriate caution when using online sources and when engaging in electronic communication
Standard 4: Students demonstrate strategic competence as users of technology
Sample performance indicators Student Goal 1, Standard 4 – strategic competence
Students can perform basic troubleshooting operations (e.g., check for power, see if the monitor is turned off, reboot safely, check the volume on media)
Students can search for a file Students can access a help menu, where available Students know when to ask for technical help Underage students turn off the monitor and call an adult
when they have found offensive or inappropriate material; adult students realize that they may need to turn off the computer
Student Standards: Goal 2
Students use technology in socially and culturally-appropriate ways Standard 1: Students understand that
communication conventions differ across cultures, communities, and contexts.
Standard 2: Students demonstrate respect for others in their use of private and public information.
Sample Performance Indicators Goal 2, Standard 2 – respect for others
Students understand that public information in one community may be considered private in other communities
Students understand that images may carry different connotations in different communities
Students use communications and digital media tools ethically and responsibly
Students practice responsible and ethical use of technology systems, information, and software
Students accommodate different communication styles online
Student Standards: Goal 3 Students use technology-based tools as aids in the
development of their language learning competence as part of formal instruction and for further learning. Standard 1: Students effectively use available technology-based
productivity tools Standard 2: Students appropriately use available technology-
based language skill-building tools Standard 3: Students appropriately use available technology-
based tools for communication and collaboration Standard 4: Students use available technology-based research
tools appropriately Standard 5: Students recognize the value of technology to
support autonomy, lifelong learning, collaboration, personal pursuits, and productivity.
Sample performance indicators Goal 3, Standard 3 – communication/collaboration tools
Students employ age and proficiency-appropriate vocabulary and pragmatics/body language during collaborative work that uses technology
Students know when to ask for help in order to achieve their language learning objectives.
Students use language software as available and appropriate to enhance specific skill areas (e.g., vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation practice).
Students use Internet resources as available and appropriate to enhance their language learning (e.g., web-based listening exercises, online sentence jumbles).
Sample performance indicators Goal 3, Standard 5 – autonomy, lifelong learning
Students select the most appropriate available technology for independent learning
Students demonstrate the ability to set language learning goals and objectives that employ technology
Students can use technology to monitor their progress (e.g., record-keeping within programs, electronic portfolios)
Students see the value of technology in maintaining communication and having access to authentic material
Standards for Teachers
Four overarching goals Each with three to five standards 15 standards in all Performance indicators Vignettes as examples
Teacher Standards: Goal 1
Goal 1. To acquire and maintain foundational skills and knowledge in technology for professional purposes Standard 1: Teachers will demonstrate knowledge and
skills in basic technological concepts and operational competence, meeting or exceeding TESOL technology standards for students in whatever situation they teach.
Standard 2: Teachers will demonstrate an understanding of a wide range of technology supports for language learning and options for using them in a given setting.
Standard 3: Teachers will actively strive to expand their skill and knowledge base to evaluate, adopt, and adapt emerging technologies throughout their careers.
Standard 4: Teachers use technology in legal and ethical ways.
Goal 1, Standard 1 Performance Indicators Goal 1, Standard 1: Basic knowledge and skills
Perform basic computing functions in order to accomplish instructional and organizational goals (e.g., using a mouse and keyboard; opening, closing and resizing software windows; saving, editing and organizing files and folders; copying, cutting and pasting elements within a document; launching and exiting software applications and similar universal tasks)
Prepare instructional materials for students using word processing software, presentation software or web-design software.
Exercise appropriate caution when using online sources and when engaging in electronic communication
Goal 1, Standard 2 Performance Indicators Goal 1, Standard 2: Range of technology supports
for learning Identify appropriate technologies to support a range of
instructional objectives Use evaluation tools to analyze appropriateness of specific
technology options Share information about available technology with
colleagues Know how to use online technology to deliver instructional
or support material. Locate and be able to adapt a variety of digital resources
Goal 1 Standard 3 Performance Indicators Goal 1, Standard 3: Continuing learning
Utilize technology tools to expand upon a conventional activity
Keep up with information through a variety of sources (such as books, journals, listservs, conventions)
Participate in a relevant community of practice Explore the possibilities inherent in emerging
technologies with a critical eye
Goal 1 Standard 4 Performance Indicators Goal 1, Standard 4: Legal and ethical
Protects student privacy Respects student ownership of their own work Shows awareness and understanding when approaching
culturally sensitive topics and offers students alternatives Conforms to local legal requirements regarding accessibility,
fair use and copyright Follows local guidelines regarding use of human subjects for
research Seeks help in identifying and implementing solutions related
to the above
Teacher Standards: Goal 2
To integrate pedagogical knowledge and skills with technology to enhance language teaching and learning Standard 1: Teachers will identify and evaluate
technological resources and environments for suitability to their teaching context.
Standard 2: Teachers will coherently integrate technology into their pedagogical approaches.
Standard 3: Teachers will design and manage language learning activities and tasks using technology appropriately to meet curricular goals and objectives.
Standard 4: Teachers will use relevant research findings to inform the planning of language learning activities and tasks.
Goal 2 Standard 1 Performance Indicators Goal 2, Standard 1: Evaluate resources
Identify the technological resources and limitations of the current teaching environment
Identify appropriate technology environments to meet specific learning/teaching goals
Evaluate technology environments for alignment with the goals of the class
Evaluate technological resources for alignment with needs and abilities of the students
Goal 2 Standard 2 Performance Indicators Goal 2, Standard 2: Integrate into pedagogy
Understand their own teaching styles Review personal pedagogical approaches in order to
use technology to support current teaching styles Understand the potential and limitations in technology Embed technology into teaching rather than making it
an add-on Engage regularly in professional development related
to technology use Evaluate their use of technology in teaching
Goal 2, Standard 2 (Integrate into pedagogy) Performance Indicators Experienced level of technology use
Can address the limitations in technology Support peers in their professional development
with technology (informally may be unpaid; formal should be paid)
Goal 2 Standard 3 Performance Indicators Goal 2, Standard 3: Meet curricular goals
Demonstrate familiarity with a variety of technology-based options
Choose a technology environment that is aligned with the goals of the class
Choose technology that is aligned with needs and abilities of the students
Demonstrate awareness of students’ level of digital competence
Ensure that students understand how to use the technology to meet instructional goals
Goal 2, Standard 3 (Curricular goals) Performance Indicators Experienced level of technology use
Adapt technology-based activities to align with the goals of the class and needs and abilities of the students
Create an appropriate technology environment to meet specific teaching/learning goals
Operate with an understanding of the underlying structure of the technology in use
Be able to draw on a wide range of functions in technological resources
Identify more than one approach to achieve an objective
Goal 2 Standard 4 Performance Indicators Goal 2, Standard 4: Use research to inform planning
Demonstrate familiarity with suggestions for classroom practice that result from research
Use a variety of avenues for getting information about research, such as communities of practice, conferences, etc.
Understand the temporal nature of research findings (older research may not be applicable to current settings)
Demonstrate awareness of multiple research sources and perspectives that inform technology use
Discern which findings are most appropriate for their situation Share relevant research findings with others Recognize the context and limitations of research and does not
apply findings inappropriately
Goal 2 Standard 4 (Use research) Performance Indicators Experienced level of technology use
Well-versed in relevant research findings Identify gaps in current research Help others recognize the context and limitations
of research Produce and disseminate research related to
technology use
Teacher Standards: Goal 3
To apply technology in record-keeping, feedback, and assessment Standard 1: Teachers evaluate and implement
relevant technology to aid in effective learner assessment.
Standard 2: Teachers use technological resources to collect and analyze information in order to enhance language instruction and learning.
Standard 3: Teachers evaluate the effectiveness of specific student uses of technology to enhance teaching and learning.
Goal 3 Standard 1 Performance Indicators Goal 3 Standard 1: Learner assessment.
Be familiar with a variety of forms of assessment that employ technology
Employ appropriate record-keeping tools and techniques
Goal 3 Standard 1 (Learner assessment) Performance Indicators Experienced level of technology use
Use computer-based diagnostic, formative, and summative testing where feasible
Use technology to illustrate learner progress (e.g., graphic representations of scores over time, revision history)
Provide feedback through exchange of digital files
Goal 3 Standard 2 Performance Indicators Goal 3, Standard 2: Collect, analyze info
Be familiar with research-based principles related to technology-enhanced assessment
Use technology-enhanced assessment results to plan instruction
Interpret computer-based test scores for stakeholders
Elicit student feedback in order to improve teacher use of technology
Goal 3 Standard 2 (Collect, analyze information) Performance Indicators Experienced level of technology use
Apply research findings related to technology-enhanced assessment
Collect student output for analysis (e.g., concordancer to analyze lexical complexity, chat logs)
Use digital resources to document teaching for further analysis
Goal 3 Standard 3 Performance Indicators Goal 3, Standard 3: Evaluate effectiveness
Use appropriate procedures for evaluating student use of technology
Elicit student feedback in order to improve student use of technology
Experienced level of technology use Develop and share procedures for evaluating student
use of technology Examine student outcomes that result from use of
technology
Teacher Standards: Goal 4
To use technology to improve communication, collaboration, and efficiency Standard 1: Teachers will use communication technologies
to maintain effective contact and collaboration with peers, students, administration, and other stakeholders.
Standard 2: Teachers will regularly reflect on the intersection of professional practice and technological developments so that they can make informed decisions regarding the use of technology to support language learning and communication.
Standard 3: Teachers will apply technology to improve efficiency in class preparation, grading, and maintaining records.
Goal 4 Standard 1 Performance Indicators Goal 4, Standard 1: Communication with
stakeholders Draw on resources (lesson plans & teaching
ideas) for language teachers that are posted online
Implement lesson plans obtained from other teachers via the Internet
Belong to online communities (such as listservs, blogs, wikis, podcasts, etc.) with language teachers
Share email address with students and peers
Goal 4 Standard 1 (Stakeholder communication) Performance Indicators Experienced level of technology use
Maintain an electronic forum (such as webpage or blog) to post information for students about the class
View and comment on students’ electronic work Advise administration on the use of online
technology to improve communication Share instructional material digitally
Goal 4 Standard 2 Performance Indicators Goal 4, Standard 2: Reflect on tech developments
Take advantage of professional development related to technology integration e.g., conferences, journals, mailing lists, communities of practice)
Select technology resources that promote appropriate language use
Demonstrate awareness of multiple sources and perspectives that inform technology use
Discern which findings are most appropriate for their situation
Goal 4 Standard 2 (Tech developments) Performance Indicators Experienced level of technology use
Stay informed about how to use new technologies Integrate technology in innovative ways Engage in research (including classroom-based)
and shares the results Advise decision-makers about appropriate
technology resources and environments
Goal 4 Standard 3 Performance Indicators Goal 4, Standard 3: Class prep and records
Use electronic resources to find additional materials for lesson planning and classroom use
Understand various methods of providing electronic feedback on student work (e.g., email, Insert comments)
Have a system to collect, organize, and retrieve material and student data
Goal 4, Standard 3 (Class prep and records) Performance Indicators Experienced level of technology use
Maintain a resource that allows students to locate and retrieve material
Use electronic methods as appropriate for formative and summative assessment
Encourage students to use electronic methods to document their own progress
Where can I get more information? Download the Standards online
http://www.tesol.org/TechnologyStandards Respond to the survey by November 20,
2007
Final comment
Bad teaching will not disappear with the addition of technology, no matter how advanced; good teaching will benefit from appropriate use of technology to help learners achieve their goals. Ultimate interpretation of the standards needs to be pedagogical, not technical.
TESOL Technology Standards Task Force Deborah Healey, Oregon State University Volker Hegelheimer, Iowa State University Phil Hubbard, Stanford University Sophie Ioannou-Georgiou, Cyprus Greg Kessler, Ohio University Paige Ware, Southern Methodist University
