TERRITORIAL TRANSPORT OF GIPUZKOA: A TOOL FOR MOBILITY

MANAGEMENT

Mobility: General features

•Mobility is a very similar phenomenon in all latitudes.•The differences are due to the way in which it is measured.•There are INDEED differences in modal distribution.•Public transport serves its purpose better in metropolitan and urban relations:

– The higher the density of population, the better the service that can be provided by public transport and the bigger its use.

– Examples: Barcelona, Madrid, Bilbao.

– Donostia is the area with the biggest use of public transport in Gipuzkoa.

• Non-motorized means are very important in both the Basque Country as a whole and in Gipuzkoa.

• Over 40% of all journeys are carried out in this manner.

Mobility: General characteristics

• Social tendencies influence mobility very importantly.

– Increase in activity ratios.

– The incorporation of women into the job market.

– Low and medium-density urban growth.

Mobility: General characteristics

Examples: The modification of the territory

• Aiete (Donostia, 1.954)

• Aiete (Donostia, 2.006)

Examples: The modification of the territory

• Zarautz. 1.954

Examples: The modification of the territory

• Zarautz 2006

Examples: The modification of the territory

• As a consequence thereof, there has been a considerable increase in the automotive pool.

Mobility: General characteristics

• Homogeneous mobility within the territory.

• Important nuclei of economic activity: Upper and Lower Deba, Goierri and Donostialdea.

• Mobility in Gipuzkoa is of an intra-district nature.

Mobility: General characteristics

Lower Deba

Upper Deba

Urola Kosta

Goierri

Donostialdea

Tolosaldea

Eibar

Irún

A–

Bidasoa

Gipuzkoa: Mobility

• 700.000 inhabitants• 88 municipalities

– 32 municipalities with under 1000 inhabitants

– 25 between 1000 and 5000 inhabitants

– 25 between 5000 and 20,000

– 5 between 20,000 and 65,000

– 1 over 100,000 All reasons. Relationship over 200 people

Green: InternalRed: ExternalBlue: Attracted

Donostia: MobilityModal distribution: Origin

Green: On footBlue: Public transportRed: CarBrown: Car passenger

Donostia: MobilityModal distribution: Destination

Green: On footBlue: Public transportRed: CarBrown: Car passenger

• New roads generate their own traffic demand.

Increase in employment

Residential sub-urbanisation

New diverse constructions

INPUT OUTPUT

Bigger use of private cars

This motorways leads to nowhere!

Don’t worry. The motorway will create the places

And they also generate their own activity!

Beyond big infrastructures, we need other kinds of measures

Setting up of the Gipuzkoa Transport Authority

• A supra-institutional entity with delegated competencies in the field of public transport.

• The will to integrate and serve the whole territory.

Setting up of the Gipuzkoa Transport Authority

• Mandate to reach agreements in its statutes“ To articulate cooperation between the Public Administrations that are

the title-bearers of collective public transport services and infrastructures in Gipuzkoa and members of the Authority, and collaborate with those other administrations that are not members but are title-bearers of their own or transferred services and infrastructures, by means of the juridical, technical and financial instruments that are deemed necessary, as well as by means of the functions that are entrusted to them by the member entities”.

The Gipuzkoa Transport Authority has been operational since 2007

Destination providers

Management

Transport providers

UsuariosUsers

Mobility Demand Management

Measures oriented towards promoting strategies and promoting more responsible and sustainable habits of mobility with the purpose of:

• Creating the necessary conditions to reduce mobility and its impact.

• Favour a transition to more sustainable forms of mobility.

• Improve the efficiency of each means of transport.

• Improve accessibility.

• Avoid unnecessary costs.

• We need a combination of innovating and creative measures, apart from the commitment, consensus and collaboration of all the agents involved.

Mobility Demand Management Platform

• We need to move towards a sustainable development.

• We need to manage integral mobility.

• We need to promote a reasonable use of vehicles.

• We need to improve the state of congested roads.

• We need to introduce new forms of mobility in society.

• We need to improve accessibility to transport of all people who live in urban nuclei or rural areas.

• We need to provide updated live information on the state of traffic and the different forms of mobility – geographically referenced information.

CAR SHARING CAR POOLING

UNDER DEMAND

BUSES TELETAXI

VIRTUAL MOBILITY PLATFORM

-INTEGRAL- CENTRALISED-DISTRIBUTED

-LIVE-etc.

Systems in car rental Systems to

share transport costs in private cars.

Public transport systems under demand for rural areas or areas with low population density

Public transport in densely populated areas: bus, metro, tranway etc.

Single taxi platform

Mobility Demand Management Platform

RAILWAY PUBLIC BICYCLES

Bicycle public rental systems

Management

Users

Transport operator

Destination providers

Mobility Demand Management Platform

Challenges• Integration of urban planning in Land Planning.

• 2.6% of Gipuzkoan territory is occupied by transport infrastructures when the EU average is 1.2%.

• Transport is 46% Basque energy invoice, of which 94% corresponds to road traffic.

• Externalities generated by transport in the Basque Country cost over 1800 million Euros.

• Promotion of intermodality:

– Park ride, intermodal stations, better information to users, etc.