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Terrestrial Planets. Mercury Venus Earth Mars. Source of images Planetary photojournal: http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov. Mercury ☿. Mean radius 2439 km = 0.38R E Mass 3.3 ˣ 10 23 kg = 0.055M E Mean density 5427 kg/m 3 Rotation period 58.646 d (length of day) - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Terrestrial Planets
• Mercury• Venus• Earth• Mars
Source of imagesPlanetary photojournal: http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov
Mercury ☿
• Mean radius 2439 km = 0.38RE
• Mass 3.3 ˣ 1023 kg = 0.055ME
• Mean density 5427 kg/m3
• Rotation period 58.646 d (length of day)
• Orbital period 88 d (length of year)• → 3:2 spin – orbit resonance• Sun distance ~0.387 AU• http://messenger.jhuapl.edu/
Mercury Volcano
Inner structure
• 1 Crust 100 – 200 km• 2 Mantle -600 km• Nucleus – 1800 km
• Core ~42% of volume• Higher iron content than
any other planet
Mercury surface map
All images: NASA & JHUAPL Messenger Mission
Mercury
Kepler
Debussy
Pantheon Fossae Impact ejecta spokes
Venus
• Mean radius 6051 km = 0.949 RE
• Mass 4868 ˣ 1024 kg = 0.815 ME
• Mean density 5204 kg/m3
• Rotation period -243 d• Orbital period 224.7 d• Sun distance ~0.7 AU• Surface pressure 93 bar
http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/venusfact.html
Venus Magellan Radar Images
Ridges formed by crustal shortening
Eistla region with Gula Mons in the Background
Image resolution Venera vs. Magellan
Earth
• Mean radius 6371 km • Mass 5.973 ˣ 1024 kg• Mean density 5515 kg/m3
• Rotation period -1 d• Orbital period 365.256 d• Sun distance 1 AU • Surface pressure 1 bar
Earth Moon system to scale
Mars
• Mean radius 3396 km = 0.533 RE
• Mass 6418 ˣ 1023 kg = 0.107 ME
• Mean density 3933 kg/m3
• Rotation period 1.026 d = 24.623h• Orbital period 686.98 d• Sun distance ~1.5 AU• Surface pressure 0.7 mbar
http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/marsfact.html Opportunity: Greeley Haven winter stopover
Mars “Homestake” mineral, possibly Gypsum vein from OportunityMRO North polar erg with sand dunes
Snake River Rocks, Curiosity
Mars
MEX: Buried glaciers around Phlegra Montes
Mars
MRO Chemical alteration by water, Jezero Crater Delta