Terracing and Rural Development

8/12/2019 Terracing and Rural Development

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Terracing and Rural evelopmentAndamarca, Ayacucho 2005

Dr: Ann KendallDr: Ann KendallDirector The Cusichaca Trust


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Cusichaca 1978


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The Huillca Raccay Tableland in 1978


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us c aca: rr gate terraces


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Proyecto Cusichaca-CT archaeologicalinvestigations revealed the Quishuarpata canal had been

previously restored - by the Incas who modified its design.

45ha came under irrigation for the community of

Chamana.

CaseStudy

1Rehabilitation to

restore terraces to

heir full potentialunder irrigation

Here, in the

follow-up project

he farmers

achieved

continuous

cropping.


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Tipo de Andn del

Primer GrupoSon los construidos en

estratos mltiples;con riego,sutil inclinacin para la

distribucin del agua, con la

base excavada y rellena de

piedras; cascajo, y encima de

ste un metro de tierra

agrcola.

Muros de dos caras, con

cimentaciones y inclinacin

de 5 a 15 grados.

En algunos casos se haverificado el uso de arcilla o de

tierra arcillosa colocada en la

base del andn Inca y la parte

baja del muro de

sostenimiento. Con riego estacaracterstica promovi una

actividad microbiolgica,

pues aumenta la temperatura

del terreno y se incrementa el

reciclaje de nutrientes (como

ocurre tambin en loscamellones del lago Titicaca.

Ejemplo:

Cara expuesta

detrs del murofrontal


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Inca Terracing at Choquebamba at 3400m alt.: Irrigation restored in 1995

by CT, Patacancha Project.


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Upper Pumamarca Canal, which fed 3 sectors of terracing totalling

160ha. Inca Period system restored CT (1991-95). Following production

figures achieved in 1994/95 on 43 ha of rehabilitated terraces of the first

system at Pumamarca worth US$ 39,000, it was calculated that the 160hacould potentially pay for the cost of restoration within 4 years. If 50% of

the terraces achieved continuous cropping this restoration would be worth

Case Study 2

1992-95Pumamarca

canal in

PatacanchaValley,

Ollantaytambo


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Restoration of canal. Traditional technology with stones

permanent material for construction, clay to seal the canalbase and sand for good drainage.


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Canal under restoration at Pumamarca, 1994.CTs Patacancha Project .


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Restoration of terracing ath m


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mportant visit 1997


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Despedida Party

Apurimac and Ayacucho: Abandoned terracing built during the


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Apurimac and Ayacucho: Abandoned terracing built during theHuari occupation c.AD600 in the Chicha-Soras Valley

A new challenge for CTs

rehabilitation projects

ase : yapampa es ora on ro ec


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he Ayapampa (N) canal & aqueduct.

ommunity elders informed us that it was

habilitated 100 years earlier by their

andparents.

.

Pre-rehabilitation

Post-rehabilitation

To re-introduce irrigation culture &

maintenance of terracing was a

challenge.

ase : yapampa es ora on ro ec .

An ener a en Laym coc a, Larcay: o ra e r ego en restaurac n por CT


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y , y g p

i h j i i l h


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Laymicocha project in Larcay involves the

rehabilitation of 4 small stone-wall

reservoirs and 2 small stretches of canal.

A trench was excavated to find the clay

floor, unexpectedly, a outlet stone was

discovered along with the small stone which

plugged it.

This late pre-Hispanic system distributed

water to the terraces below.


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Laymecocha, third reservoir in the

series restored 2005, showingwater cascading from 2 to 3.

Seminars on traditional technology are the cornerstone of our


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Seminars on traditional technology are the cornerstone of our

agricultural extension programme and rehabilitation projects.

They have proved a useful forum for

discussing related issues of social

responsibility, animal husbandry,

effective use of natural resources,productivity and markets.

hi d di i i hi h i


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Teaching and discussion within the community

during restoration of the Upper Pumamarca canal,

Patacancha Project 1994.


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Greenhouses are an extension

of the local concept of

protected micro-climates. Athigh altitude they provide the

only option for a range of

vegetables & horticultural

produce.

Red peppers &

tomatoes have been

grown here at analtitude of 4000m!


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Pre-Inca and Inca terracing and irrigation canal rehabilitated,

Pumamarca 1994: Proyecto Patacancha - CT


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Community Restoration in the rehabilitation of

terraces

One-day, competitive training events

for groups of farmers, men, women and

children representing villages and

institutions including schools and

Municipalities.

Relearning how to restore and maintain

their terracing. At the end of the day every group wins

a prize of seeds, first prize often

includes agricultural implements.

Normally between 50 80 peopleparticipate and 2 to 4 terraces are

restored.


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Pata Ra mi, Andamarca, 2005

Figure showing Cusichaca Trusts terrace mission (Andn)


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at the heart of its latest project.

RecursosNaturales

Circuitos

Tursticos

Manejo

Pecuario Nutricin

Agricultura

Orgnica

Agricultura

Tradicional

RestauracinRiego

Andn

Organizacin

Local

La Cultura

Andina

AndnInfraestructura

Agrcola

Comercializacin


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The Potential of terraces.

Sustentainability in the face of climatic

change and rainfall patterns

The advantages of retention of humidity and

enhanced microbiologcal activity which

create microclimates

Their contribution to improving diet and

ealth through agro-ecological (organic)

cultivation

Their contribution to tourism through

enhancing the form and beauty of the

landscape

xpanding fair-trade and organic marketsfavour naturally produced foods

n the view of socio-economists, improved

social organisation could underpin an

expansion of terrace agriculture if this was

complemented with integral programmes

of rural development, for instance

utritional health and tourism.

Food production on terraces


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Prueba dePermeabilidad


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Documents

Terracing and Rural Development