Ternopil State Medical Ternopil State Medical University named by I. HorbachevskyjUniversity named by I. Horbachevskyj

Department of Department of Therapeutic DentistryTherapeutic Dentistry

Topic: Topic: Filling materials for permanent and temporary Filling materials for permanent and temporary fillings and linings. General requirements. Classification. fillings and linings. General requirements. Classification. Modern filling materials (cements, amalgam, composite Modern filling materials (cements, amalgam, composite materials). Composition, properties. Indications for use.materials). Composition, properties. Indications for use.

Lecturer : Levkiv MarianaLecturer : Levkiv Mariana

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1. 1. Classification of filling materialsClassification of filling materialsDepending to which group the tooth belongs, Depending to which group the tooth belongs,

filling materials are distinguished:filling materials are distinguished:

For front group of teethFor front group of teeth For molars and premolarsFor molars and premolars

According to the material from which restorative materials are produced, they are divided into:

Metals : amalgam, alloys, pure metals (gold); Non metals: cements, plastic, composite materials.

According to the purposeFilling materials are divided for:

Permanent Permanent TemporaryTemporary

Light-curing composite filling materialLight-curing composite filling material

Therapeutic liningsTherapeutic linings

Calcium hydroxide cements

Zinc oxide/eugenol

cements

Objectives of pulp protection are as Objectives of pulp protection are as follows:follows: .

■ Therapeutic:Stimulate odontoblasts to lay down reparative dentine.Encourage remineralisation of dentine.Act against any remaining bacteria.

■ Protect from chemicals. These may come from the oral cavity, bacteria or from the restorative material.

■ Protect from temperature. Metal restorative materials, such as amalgam and gold, will transmit changes in temperature from the oral cavity and, in the absence of a suitable layer of dentine in deep cavities, additional protection must be provided.

■ Seal the dentinal tubules. This will prevent fluids containing bacteria, molecules and ions entering the dentinal tubules, and as a result prevent pain and possible further caries.

Materials for therapeutic Materials for therapeutic liningslinings

Methods of pulp protection

aa – – ‘indirect pulp capping’ bb - - ‘direct pulp capping’

Classification of cementsClassification of cements

Zinc-phosphate cements

Zinc-sulfate cements

Zinc-eugenol cements

Glass-ionomer cements

Poly-carboxylate cements

Zinc-phosphate cementZinc-phosphate cement

Mixing rules of phospate Mixing rules of phospate cementcement

Silicate cementsSilicate cements

Mixing rules for silicate cementMixing rules for silicate cement

Silico-phosphate cementSilico-phosphate cement

Poly-carboxylate cementPoly-carboxylate cement

Glass ionomers

Ready to use formulations of glass-Ready to use formulations of glass-ionomer cementionomer cement

Dental amalgamDental amalgam

Useage of silver amalgamUseage of silver amalgam:: а – а – amalgam is taken out from the capsuleamalgam is taken out from the capsule; ;

б, в, г – б, в, г – filling offilling of I, II I, II andand V V classes respectivelyclasses respectively

Amalgam without gamma-2 phase -Amalgam without gamma-2 phase -Sybraloy (Kerr)Sybraloy (Kerr)

AmalgamtreggersAmalgamtreggers

Instruments for placing amalgam into Instruments for placing amalgam into carious cavitycarious cavity

Finishing of amalgam fillingFinishing of amalgam filling

Composite materialsComposite materials

Macrofilled0,04 – 0,1 (8 – 12 мcм)

Microfilled0,04 – 0,1 –

1 – 5 (1 -5 мcм )

HybrideHybride( ( has macro- and has macro- and micro- particlesmicro- particles))

Nanohybride (has nano-particles –

0,0004 мcм)

Chemical cured compositeChemical cured composite

Light-curing unitsLight-curing units

Light-curing composite Light-curing composite materialmaterial

Conditioning of dentineConditioning of dentine

Dentine conditioning and adhesion. (a) Freshly cut dentine surface. (b) Conditioned dentine. (c) With bonding agent

applied.