Terminal Learning Terminal Learning ObjectiveObjective

Describe US Army Engineer Systems

and Operations

•Safety Requirements:

•Risk Assessment Level

•Environmental Considerations

•Evaluations

Enabling Learning Enabling Learning Objective #1Objective #1

Action: Describe US Army Engineer Mission, Equipment, and Operations.

Conditions: Without references; given the description of a combined arms operation, in a classroom setting.

Standard: Identify the engineer mission and equipment that correctly corresponds to the specific condition

provided in a question on a written test Student Handout.

Engineer MissionsEngineer Missions Mobility

CountermobilitySurvivability

General EngineeringTopographic EngineeringStability and Support Operations

MobilityMobility Combined Arms Breach Route Clearance River / Gap Crossing Combat Roads and Trails Forward Aviation Support

CountermobilitCountermobilityy

Obstacle Planning and Integration Obstacle Emplacement- “Tactical”

WireMines: Conventional, ScatterableTank Ditch, Road CraterExplosives

SurvivabilitySurvivability Construct Fighting Positions Harden C2 / Support Facilities Assist in Fortification

Construction Camouflage / Concealment Deception

General General EngineeringEngineering

Often Requires External Support Area Damage Control Construction and Repair of:

Lines of Communications (LOCs)Logistics-Support FacilitiesAirfields, Flight Landing Strip, LZ/PZ

Topographic Topographic EngineeringEngineering

Terrain Analysis

Map Production

Precision Survey

Stability and Stability and Support Operations Support Operations

(SASO)(SASO) MOB: Route/Area Clearance CMOB: Reinforce Checkpoints SURV: Bunkers, Berms, Wire GEN EN: Infrastructure, Public Works, Base camps TOPO: Terrain Analysis

Breach Planning Breach Planning ConsiderationsConsiderations

Breaching Tenets Task Organizing for a Breach

Breaching Breaching TenetsTenets

Intelligence Breaching Fundamentals Breaching Organization Mass Synchronization

Breaching Breaching FundamentalsFundamentals

SSuppress OObscure SSecure RReduce Assault

““Setting

Setting

thethe

Conditions”

Conditions”

Breaching Breaching OrganizationOrganization

Assault Breach Support

Support ForceSupport ForceTasks:

Suppress

• Isolate breach site with fire

• Suppress enemy fire

• Neutralize key weapons

Obscure•Control smoke

Purpose: Eliminate enemy ability to affect breach

Breach ForceBreach ForceTasks:

Reduce - Create, mark, report lane

Obscure - Vehicle/hand smoke

Secure - Near/ far-side of obstacle

Purpose: Pass assault force

Assault ForceAssault ForceTasks:

Assault the objective•Perform assault breach

Suppress/Secure•Assist support or breach force

Purpose: Destroy the enemy

seize the objective

TiAming isEverything !SSOOSS R R AA Timing isEverything !

Applying Applying SOSRASOSRA

Lane Marking Lane Marking MethodsMethods

VS-17 Panelon Pickets

“Tippy Tom”Bike Flag

TrafficCone

HighwayMarker

Panel with Arrowon Pickets

Initial Lane Marking Initial Lane Marking PatternPattern

FinalApproach

Marker

4.5m200m

EntranceFunnelMarkers

15m

Left-HandrailMarkers

ExitMarkers

CountermobilitCountermobilityy

Obstacle Planning and Integration Obstacle Emplacement- “Tactical”

WireMines: Conventional, ScatterableTank Ditch, Road CraterExplosives

Obstacle Obstacle CategoriesCategories

OBSTACLES

EXISTING REINFORCING

PROTECTIVE TACTICALCULTURALNATURAL

Basic Obstacle Basic Obstacle TypesTypes

S

Minefield

Anti-tank Ditch

ExplosivesRoad Crater / Bridge Demo

ScatterableMinefield

Triple-standard Concertina Wire

Target

Relative Location

Obstacle Effect

Obstacle IntentObstacle Intent

Enemy force to affect with TACTICAL obstacles

Identify the target by: Size / Composition / Echelon Avenue of Approach Enemy Mission A combination of the previous items

Obstacle Intent: Obstacle Intent:

TARGETTARGET

Where you want the obstacle to affect the target

Developed concurrently with maneuver / fire plan

Relative to WHAT ???

Terrain

Enemy Forces

Friendly Forces

Scheme of maneuver

Direct / indirect fire control measures

Obstacle Intent:Obstacle Intent:RELATIVE LOCATIONRELATIVE LOCATION

Obstacle Obstacle EffectsEffects

TURN BLOCK

DISRUPT FIX

Obstacle Obstacle Sighting Sighting

PrinciplesPrinciples Support the scheme of maneuver Integrate with indirect and direct fire Tie into existing obstacles Employ in depth Employ for surprise

Why Site Why Site Obstacles ?Obstacles ? Synchronize obstacles and fires

Verify fire control measures

Identify composition and location

Obstacle SitingObstacle SitingPreconditionsPreconditions Establish company EA Decide where to mass fires TRPs identified and marked ID positions for key weapons Understand obstacle group intent

Obstacle Siting Obstacle Siting ExecutionExecution

Simulate enemy movement into EA

Place markers while driving trace of obstacle group effect

ID dead space

Refine obstacle group location

Mark group/obstacle location

Orient on/adjust TRPs

Enabling Learning Enabling Learning Objective #1Objective #1

Describe Engineer Missions

Enabling Learning Enabling Learning Objective #2Objective #2

Action: Describe US Army Engineer Equipment.

Conditions: Without references; given the description of a combined arms operation, in a classroom setting.

Standard: Identify the engineer mission and equipment that correctly corresponds to the specific condition provided in a question on a written test IAW Student Handout.

MICLICMICLIC

• Breach lane = 14m x 100m• Deploys in 1 - 3 minutes• Minimum Safe Distance = 800m

Anti-Personnel Anti-Personnel ObstacleObstacle

Breaching System – Breaching System – “APOBS”“APOBS”

Man-portable AP - MICLIC 110 pounds / 2-man carry Footpath thru AP mines and wire 45m x 0.6m lane 25m standoff

Modular Pack Mine SystemModular Pack Mine System

S

DTG

MMOOPPMMSS

MOPMSMOPMS Standard Class V Item, not ENGR specific Man-portable = 162 lb Dispenser Dispense using M71 RCU or M34 Blast Machine 4 RCUs per EN CO, 2 RCUs per IN CO Lithium Battery BA-5598/U = MOPMS / RCU Dispenses 21 mines…

AT = 17, magnetic fuze, bi-directional MS plat AP = 4, tripwire fuze, blast-frag

Average Emplacement Time = 5 - 10 minutes Self destruct Time = 4 hrs

Using M71 RCU can recycle 3 times, up to 13 hrs

MOPMSMOPMS

R = 35 m

55

m55 m

20 m

SSAAFFEETTYY

ZZOONNEE

AT Mines = 17AP Mines = 4

AVLBAVLB

• Spans 15m gap for MLC 70• Spans 18m gap for MLC 60• Deploys in 3 - 5 minutes

M9 ACEM9 ACE

• ACE team breaches ATD in 5 - 15 minutes• Clears debris and constructed obstacles• Skims surface-laid minefields

Small Emplacement ExcavatorSmall Emplacement Excavator

SSEEEE • Constructs dismounted fighting positions

• Moves loose soil and rubble

Enabling Learning Enabling Learning Objective #2Objective #2

Describe Engineer Equipment

Enabling Learning Enabling Learning Objective #3Objective #3

Describe Engineer Organizations

Sapper Sapper SquadSquad

CBTENGR

TeamLeader

SquadLeader

CBTENGR

CBTENGR

ReconnaissanceReconnaissanceManual BreachingManual BreachingDemolitionsDemolitionsRoute ClearanceRoute Clearance

LightLightEngineer PlatoonEngineer Platoon

L

PlatoonHQ L

1 x HMMWV

WPNM249 3M240 1JAV 1

1 x Officer29 x Enlisted

3 x 9-man Squads

ABN / AASLTABN / AASLTEngineer PlatoonEngineer Platoon

PlatoonHQ

1 x HMMWV2 x SEE

1 x HMMWV w/ TRAILER

1 x Officer29 x Enlisted

3 x 9-man Squads

WPN AASLT ABNM249 6 3M240 2 1JAV 1 1

MechanizeMechanizedd

EngineerEngineerCompanyCompany

4 x M1131 x MK193 x M2 .50 cal3 x EN SQD1 x M9 ACE

Key Equipment Rollup9 x M1137 x M9 ACE4 x MICLIC4 x AVLB2 x VOLCANO2 x SEE

2 x Sapper PLT Assault andObstacle PLT

HQ

2 x MICLIC2 x AVLB2 x M9 ACE2 x CEV (2ID)

2 x VOLCANO2 x SEE1 x M9 ACE2 x HEMTT

1 x M1131 x M5771 x M2 .50 cal

Obstacle2 x Assault

Personnel Rollup5 x Officer98 x Enlisted

Enabling Learning Enabling Learning Objective #3Objective #3

Describe Engineer Organizations

Enabling Learning Enabling Learning Objective 4 Objective 4

»Mine Awareness

The Perfect SoldierThe Perfect Soldier

A mine is the perfect soldier. They never sleep, never ask for pay or food, they never miss and never question their mission or worry about the victims. They can remain on duty, or on post for 30 years or more. They are very difficult to detect and inexpensive to buy.

Pol Pot

*

MINEFIELD INDICATORS SLASH MARKING

Chapter 11

TASK:

The student will identify different types of minefield The student will identify different types of minefield marking and indicatorsmarking and indicators

CONDITIONS:

Given classroom instruction, an outside trainingGiven classroom instruction, an outside trainingarea suitable for the operation, and all necessary area suitable for the operation, and all necessary equipment.equipment.

STANDARD:

The student will identify different types of minefield

marking and indicatorsLet Us TryChapter 11

MINEFIELD INDICATORS

TYPES OF DETECTION

VISUAL

PHYSICAL

ELECTRONIC

MECHANICAL

MINEFIELD INDICATORS

MINEFIELDMINEFIELD INDICATORSINDICATORS

Mine indicators can be loosely grouped into 3 categories.

Human Indicators: Indications of human activity or conventional mine marking

Improvised Marking: Deliberate marking of mine using local

materials.

Natural Indicators: Changes in the natural environment of the

ground / vegetation after mine action has taken place.

VISUAL DETECTION

- AREA AVOIDED BY LOCALS

- DAMAGED VEHICLES

- UNUSUAL SMELL

- IMPROVISED MARKING

- TRACKS THAT STOP SUDDENLY

- HARMLESS OBSTACLE IN ROADWAY

- UNATTENDED VEHICLES

INDICATORS

INDICATORS

INDICATORS

INDICATORS

INDICATORS

MINE EFFECTSMINE EFFECTS

INDICATORS

INDICATORS

Standard Mine Signs2 Basic Designs

Danger MineDanger Mine

SUMMARYSUMMARY

Detection

• Indicators

»Marking