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Develops and markets solutions for environmental
(abiotic) stresses in all crops.
First products target heat /light /drought stress
management (Suncrops and Oasis), and now cold
stresses (Coldstop).
Focus primarily on high value crops.
Working on both kaolin and non-kaolin solutions.
Operate in a number of countries, like; Mexico, Peru,
Brazil, Chile, Argentina, Central America
Have a Agreement with NUFARM CHILE-AUSTRALIA
(Fresh-Nufresh, Oasis).
Agriculture for many years lose to much with
invisible abiotic stress.
Buchanan, Gruissem, Jones: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Plants; American Society of Plant Physiologists, 2000, FAO
Record Yield(Highest yield reported)
Abiotic stress
�Heat�Cold�Acidity�Salinity�Radiation
Yie
ldto
n/h
a
Sugarbeet Potatoe Wheat Corn
Abiotic
Biotic
Yield
Crops
Abiotic Stress and Yield
Biotic V/S Abiotic Stress
Biotic stresses are caused by living organisms:
Insects
Diseases
Weeds
Animals
Abiotic stresses are environmental:
Temperature (heat, cold)
Light (ultraviolet, infra-red , white - low & high intensity)
Water (drought, flood)
Soil conditions (acidity, alkalinity, minerals, toxins etc.)
The heat, light and water stress
Poor plant establishment
increased re-planting.
prolonged time to bearing in tree fruits.
Lower yield of high quality fruit
flower and fruit set issues.
reduced sizing, despite thinning.
twinning and reduced flower primordia (stone fruit).
Decreased water use efficiency
Sunburn
Light
H2O
CHO
CHO
CO2
X
X
X
When temperature reaches critical level
photosynthesis slows and eventually stops ¡¡
No Carbohydrate
Less carbohydrate may produce
Smaller fruit (Pome)
Fewer fruit (increased fruit drop) (Grapevines)
Reduced shoot and root growth
Poor development of reproductive tissues (stone fruits) number
and quality of next season's flowers and periodicity.
Then you have; less carbohydrate and < productivity
And low returns.
Impact of Heat, Light, Water on crops
All essential for plant growth and crop production
Too much or too little can cause problems
Too little water can cause plants to overheat
Too much light raises temperatures and increases
water use
Too high temperatures impairs photosynthesis and
increases water loss from the crop and soil
What happens?
Light radiation (UV, visible, IR) is energy.
Excess energy added to plants is converted to heat.
Plants use water in an attempt to keep cool.
At high temperatures, plants begin to malfunction, systems shut down and Shut down systems cause damage to the crop.
Effects on Photosynthesis. As temperatures increase, then photosynthesis decreases
Photo-inhibition affects electron transport.
Capture of CO2
is decreased.
Chloroplasts continue to absorb light.
Light energy that is not used in photosynthesis is
converted to free radicals (Oっぶ .
Free radicals ふOっぶ damage leaf tissues and others
Plants use stored carbohydrate to repair the damage
Early stages of development , most important
Many fruit characteristics are fixed during the first 10
weeks after fertilisation, during cell division:
Fruit size and shape
Quality (brix, sugar/acid ratio, juice and oil content, colour, Size)
Critical temperature for photosynthesis in most temperate and tropical fruit crops is around 30C
Using; New kaolin products (Suncrops) was
sunburn reduction in the last stage of heat
and light stress on crops.
Nutriprove not commercial trials have shown
that losses to �not visible� stress are greater
than to sunburn in many crops..
Nutriprove have new technologies, to control
stress; Oasis and Coldstop-Scaldfree.
We work on the issue:
Thecnology of Suncrops is different
works in two ways
(1) Stress avoid; kaolin film reflects UV/VIS/IR
radiation, then cooler crops.
(2) Metabolic stress reduction; How? Stimulates and
prepare the plants to stress situations under own
metabolic mechanisms. activate the enzymes that
detoxify ROS, and protect chloroplast membranes.
(ROS-Next Slide).
(3) (2) is a technology in Oasis.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) Are chemically reactive molecules containing
oxygen. Examples include oxygen ions and peroxides.
ROS form as a natural byproduct of the normal
metabolism of oxygen and have important roles in
cell signaling and homeostasis.
However, during times of environmental stress
(e.g., UV or heat exposure), ROS levels can
increase.This may result in significant damage to cell
structures. Cumulatively, this is known as oxidative
stress. ROS are also generated by exogenous sources.
The evolution of photosynthetic organisms resulted in a
gradual, but massive, increase in the level of atmospheric
molecular oxygen (O2).
All life on earth is based on redox reactions (reduction; the
gain of an electron and oxidation; the loss of an electron,
using reductive processes to store energy.
And oxidative processes to release it. As a result of its
unusual chemistry, it was possible to integrate highly reactive
oxygen in life-giving redox metabolism.
Partial reduction of oxygen produces REACTIVE OXYGEN
SPECIES (ROS) including superoxide anion (O2 -), hydrogen
peroxide (H2O2) and the hydroxyl radical (OH·).
The plant antioxidative system is continuously processing ROS, by acting
as electron donors the antioxidants are themselves oxidised in the process
of neutralising the ROS.
This regulates the accumulation of ROS by determining their lifespan
and spatial distribution and by controlling signal specificity. Just as a vast
number of mechanisms for the generation of ROS exist, as do antioxidative
compounds contributors to the plant antioxidative system include
superoxide dismutase (catalyses the generation of oxygen and H2O2 from
superoxide), catalase (decomposition of H2O2 to water and oxygen),
ascorbate (vitamin C, water soluble providing protection in the cytosol and
appoplast), tocopherols vitamin E, (lipid soluble antioxidants that provide
protection to lipid membranes), thioredoxin (promotes active metabolism
and detoxifies ROS by reducing disulphide bonds), and glutathione (GSH,
maintains ascorbate and thiol/disulphide balance).
Redox homeostasis, is maintained in plants by pools of antioxidants,
such as ascorbate and glutathione and anothers (Oasis).
The antioxidants are generally maintained in their 'active' reduced
state by specific enzymes, like glutathione reductase.
The balance of reduced and oxidised antioxidants can be utilised by
plants to detect changes in the environment via changes in ROS
concentrations.
For example, ROS generation by the chloroplast, the major source of
ROS, can be increased by excess light, drought, salt stress and in some
cases conditions of limiting carbon dioxide by activation of the
photorespiratory pathway resulting in H2O2 production in the
peroxisomes. The ROS will oxidise the antioxidants and the redox balance
will be disrupted.
Using Suncrops in extreme conditions
January - Temp 33 Celcius, under shade.
Control Treated
ADVANTAGES OF USING SUNCROPS
� Early & season-long applications, for thereduction of heat, light and water stress anddamage in to a range of crops.
� Label rates of Suncrops are ½ and lowest ifcompare with traditional kaolins.
� Trials was conducted by universities, in many countries (see on web www.nutriprove.com)
Slight damage
Moderate damage
Severe damage
LEVELS OF DAMAGE
Reduces Sunburn
Pink Lady San Fernando Chile
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
UNTRATED CONTROLSURROUND SUNCROPS SCREEN DUO PURSHADE
Pe
rce
nt su
nb
urn
POTENTIAL YIELD
SUNCROPS USE EFFECT IN ENHANCING PERFORMANCE,
MITIGATING PHYSIOLOGICAL STRESS AND SUN DAMAGE IN
APPLE CV. PINK LADY, SN FDO. CHILE 2010
BENEFICIAL USE OF SUNCROPS
Improvements in the efficiency of domestic water use of the plant.
Floral abortion reduction and improves fruit Induction.
In cherry, cherries reduces the incidence of twins.
Reduced water stress in plants cherry postharvest.
Fruits of better quality and reduced fruit drop. Alternating reduced production.
Increased yield and quality associated with an improvement in crop plant
health.
No fruit stain; formulation not clog nozzles fine, nice suspension.
Low dust granulometry.
TRADITIONAL KAOLIN V/S
SUNCROPS
Kaolin v/s Calcium carbonate, source ?
Sunblock range UV Calcium Carbonate 5-20 %
Sunblock range UV caolín 32-60 %
Kaolin; Surround
Apples
6 applications
every treatments
(Rate)
fruit (mm)
Diameter
% Fruit with no
sunburn
exportable
Quality
fruit weight
gr/apple
Yield
kg/Tree
Exportable
fruits
Harvest
Kg/Tree
control 0 36,90 76,80a 134,0 37a 28,4a
Suncrops 1.25 % 39,81 89,80b 152,0 45b 40,8b
Screen duo 2.5% 39,16 88,50b 151,0 43b 38,8b
SUNCROPS V/S COMPETITORS
Fuente; Fruits Chilean Company, Private .
Suncrops effect acting on apples
San Fernando 2010, Pink Lady
8 8 applicationsapplications / ha/ ha
Total Total RateRate 200 200 kg/hakg/ha
Cherry-TreeImproved floral induction.
Reducing double fruits.
Post harvest with high temperatures (see next picture)
EFFECT OF USING SUNCROPS IN EARLY POSTHARVEST IN
CHERRY-TREE POSTHARVEST 1.25% FIRST APPLICATION, 2011.
Leaves without abiotic
stress
Leaves with stress
SUNCROPS
CONTROL
2ND APPLICATION, 25 DAYS, SUNCROPS RATE 1,25%
SUNCROPS
CONTROL
SUNCROPS TREATMENT MONITORING, APRIL
SUNCROPS
CONTROL
ANGOL, APPLES VAR. PINK LADY,
SUNCROPS
CONTROL
SUNCROPS
PINK LADY, APPLICATION SUNCROPS, 2010-11
SAN FERNANDO, PINK LADY, GRANNY
Damage on
control
TREATED CONTROL
SUNCROPS SURROUND
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN TRADITIONAL
KAOLIN AND SUNCROPS
HAZELNUT; SUNCROPS; BLANCA MESSINA
ADVISOR AND FARMER PROVIDER FERRERO-ROCHER
SUNCROPS; BLUEBERRIES, ALTO PELARCO, CHILE
SUNCROPS EN WALNUT, ALTO PELARCO, TALCA, CHILE
CONTROL DE STRESS HIDRICO
DEFICIT DE AGUA DE RIEGO, OLIVES
EFFECT ON EXPORT QUALITY
OF APPLES
Place: San Fernando; 2011
Pink Lady
a
b
GRAPEVINES-VINEYARD ANS WINERY
SUNCROPS-FRESH CONTROL
Wine Grape Heat/Sunburn Stress Rating
System
Heat Stress Damage on leaves
San Pedro Vineyard & Winery. Trial Talca University 2011
CONTROL SUNCROPS-FRESH
TEMPERATURES ON THE SEASON
SHADE
APPLICATIONS
Calendar application and Nufresh dose during test
CONTROL V/S NUFRESH
SUNBURN PERCENTAGE
LEVELS OF DAMAGE
TEMPERATURES ON THE SEASON
Number of
application
1° 2° 3° 4° 5° 6°
Date 05/12/12 21/12/12 04/01/13 24/01/13 14/02/13 05/03/13
APPLICATION DATES
TREATMENT SUNBURN LEVELS (%)
Healthy Slight damage Serious injury
Control 31,07 a 44,29 a 24,64 a
Sprayer 38,87 ab 39,55 a 21,58 ab
Bar or Tower 43,46 b 39,83 a 16,71 b
Incidence of sunburn in Granny Smith apple fruits treated with respect to the
control SUNCROPS Different letters in the column indicate significant
differences (P <.05).
LEVELS OF DAMAGE
Percentage of fruits damaged by sunburn, Control and treatments
with applied SUNCROPS. With spray compare to a bar. Different
letters on the bars of the graph indicate significant difference (P <0.05)
Treatment Weight
(g)
Diameter
(mm)
Flesh
firmness
(Lbs.)
Soluble
solids
(ºBrix)
Index
starch
(%)
Control 203,6 a 77,8 a 18,1 a 11,8 a 20 a
Sprayer 212,7 a 79,1 a 17,4 a 11,7 a 27 a
Bar or
Tower
205,1 a 78,1 a 19,2 b 12,4 a 25 a
Morphological and quality index of maturity in Granny Smith apple
fruit. SUNCROPS treated compare to control.
Different letters in the column indicate significant differences (P <.05).
Treatment Chlorophyll
(SPAD)
Dry matter
(mg/cm2)
Foliar area
(cm2)
Control 43.75 a 11.37 a 19.12 a
Sprayer 42.87 a 10.89 a 18.85 a
Bar or Tower 42.92 a 11.04 a 19.52 a
Vegetative variables in Granny Smith apple trees, treated compare with the
control SUNCROPS.
Different letters in the column indicate significant differences (P <.05).
SUNCROPS SUNSCREEN, RESULTS IN
REDUCTION OF SUNBURN IN APPLE
cv. GRANNY SMITH.
2012 CURICO, CHILE
TEST PROTOCOL
Objective: To evaluate effectiveness of Suncrops on sunburn in apples
� Variety: Granny Smith� Area: 0.25 ha� Treatments: Control = T0; Suncrops = T1� Dosage: 1 2.5% and 1.25% implementation in 2nd, 3rd and 4th application.� Volume of water used: 500 liters / 0.25 ha� Application Equipment: Nebulizer� Application Start Date: 12/12/2011� Application End Date: 14/02/2012� Parameters to Measure:
a)Percentage of fruit with sun damageb)level sunburn in orchard and packing process.
c)Caliber curve.
� Evaluation Date: March (field) - July (packing).
SUNCROPS
NUMBER AND DATE OF APPLICATION.
Cost Suncrops: $US 5,5/kg.
Cost/ há, for this treatment : US$ 687,4
(Old trees, Very high volume of water 2000 L/Ha)
Total : 31,25 kg 171,86 U$
(0,25 há) (0,25 há)
Total harvest in kg and total kg with sunburn damage
(Sunburn) in orchard of apples cv. Granny Smith.
Field San Ramon, SOLFRUT, Curico, Chile
Percentage of sun damage in to orchard
Percentage of sunburn in apples cv. Granny Smith
in quality control Orchard San Ramon - Solfrut.
Packing, percentage of sunburn
Percentage of sunburn in apple cv. Granny Smith, in process
packing at Copefrut S.A. Orchard San Ramon-Solfrut
Percentage of sunburn (orchard +
packing)
Percentage of total sunburn (orchard + packing) in apple cv. Granny Smith
Orchard San Ramon, Solfrut, Curico, Chile
Fruit caliber curve in apple fruit cv. Granny
Smith, at san Ramon orchard-Solfrut at packing
Results, Analisys
With Suncrops treatment (T1) reach 4.3% of more fruits from orchardinto packing process, for fewer sunburn.
With T1 would be a 2.7% more fruit packed at packing, for less amountof fruit-sunburn at commercial fruit.
With T1 there altogether 7% less of sunburn (orchard + packing) tocompare with T0. which reach a total sunburn of 13.6%.
Caliber curves show that, the curve of T1 is more shifted to largercalibers. In this case, the caliber peak is 80 on contrast with T0 , thatreach the peak at caliber 100.
In the caliber T1 weigh average reach 91 (198 g/fruit) and at T0,caliber weighted average are 94 (192 g / fruit).
Calculations of kg won, by less damage of
sunburn with apply of Suncrops
The Kg of fruits produced, from orchard to packing. With Suncrops
treatment (T1) was 13,904 kg (0.25 ha) taking it and carry on to production
per hectare, would be are 55,616 kg x 39.29% DN. (DN =% packaging
within norm) = 21,851 kg / ha.
the case of T0 would be 53,224 kg / ha from orchard to process (4.3% +
sunburn) and multiplying by a standard percentage in 36.59% (was
subtracted 2.7% of more sunburn), gives a value of 19,474 kg / ha.
The difference between 21,851 (DN T1) and 19,474 (DN T0) = 2,377 kg /
ha.
There are a 2,377 kg / ha over than T1, for less surburn.
Appearance of fruits on to trees, treated with Suncrops
Conclusions
There are a 7% less sunburn in T1, if compare with T0.
It would be have at pack on packing, over 3% more kg of
commercial fruits. Because have a less impact of sunburn.
The curve of size distribution is better for T1, where the larger
sizes are observed with an 91 caliber average and weight
average are near to 198 gr.
The initial date to improve the treatments, was too late
(December). Is very important began these, early on November
and must be respect the dose of 75 kg/Ha, which are a perfect
dose, to reduce costs to farmers.
In addition, are recommended to good apply, use a bar or
tower to increase efficiency; and also reach a high coverage on
fruits.
Different technology to traditional physical barriers, kaolins,
carbonates.
OASIS individual effectiveness in preventing heat damage
and water stress in all crops.
Synergistic action together with SUNCROPS FRESH or, in
reducing sunburn.
Product powder dosage and application is easy.
Treatments Product Dose (L/ha)
T0
T1
Water
OASIS
0
20
lt/aplication
TREATMENT IN TABLEGRAPES
Variable Control OASIS Control OASIS Control OASIS Control OASIS
22/11 07/12 21/12 04/01
Temperature(°C)
Morning
Mid-day
Evening
14,5
37,6
29,5
13,9
36,9
28,0
12,8
33,2
37,1
12,4
31,8
36,6
13,7
32,4
35,6
12,9
31,1
33,4
13,5
28,7
29,8
12,8
27,6
29,0
HydricPotential MPa
Morning
Mid-day
Evening
-0,32
-0,61
-0,50
-0,25
-0,55
-0,45
-0,18
-0,50
-0,60
-0,15
-0,40
-0,50
-0,22
-0,58
-0,75
-0,18
-0,51
-0,67
-0,21
-0,61
-0,82
-0,17
-0,52
-0,75
Temperature and water potential in leaves of
variety Sultanina (Thompson seedless)
Treatment Yield
(kg/plant)
Weight
bounch
(g)
Weight
berry
(g)
Ecuatorial caliber
(mm)
Control
OASIS
21,4
22,7
794,1
841,5
5,0
5,4
18,8
19,2
Yield and fruit quality in variety Sultanina
(Thompson seedless)
Treatment Soluble solids
(°Brix)
Acidity
(%)
Ph
Control
OASIS
18,0 a
18,7 a
0,92 a
0,80 b
3,18 a
3,00 b
Features grape juice in variety Sultanina
(Thompson seedless)
Treatment Bronzed Bounches (%)
Control
OASIS
87
25
Incidence of clusters tanned in variety Sultanina
(Thompson seedless)
The information indicates that the OASIS product had a positive effect on the color
of the berries.
BENEFITS IN ALL CROPS
Approach allows the potential crop
Improving crop performance in severe environmental stress
Improved quality and yield of fruits
Technology excellent cost / benefit
Usable in all crops
Suitable for all types of weather
CENTER-AMERICA
DIFFERENT CROPS
ARTIFICIAL COVERING
PINEAPPLES CONTROL
SLIGHT SEVERE
MOST SUSCEPTIBLE STAGE
Status of Suncrops TRIALSFinca: Caño Sucio. Mr Miguel Alfaro
Fruits /treatment: 50 fruits
Fruit Evaluated: 20 fruits
Applicación to: 60 days before forza (ddf) y 90 days before de forza (ddf)
Rate: 50kg/ha , 60 ddf y 37,5 kg/ha , 90 ddf (Suncrops 1/2dose)
Treatment % Sunburn Status % Fruit without damage
Surround WP 0% Sana 100%
Suncrops (1/2
dose) 0% Sana 100%
Control 10% Leve 90%
Another trial: Week 24, 2013
84%
88%
92%
96%
100%
Sana Sana Leve
0% 0% 10%
Surround WP Suncrops Testigo
Po
rce
nta
je d
e f
ruta
sin
da
ño
de
qu
em
a d
e
so
l
Tratamientos
Surround WP 0% Sana Suncrops 0% Sana Testigo 10% Leve
RESULTS IN PINEAPPLES
FRUITS WITH SUNCROPS APPLICACTION
THAN MORE 20 MM RAIN
MANGO-BANANA: Apply 1.25 kg/100 liters of water, every 10-14 days after
petal fall. If it Hight rains or high temperatures, re-apply. Apply up to 15 days
prior to harvest. Last applying OASIS to 250 g / ha.
a) MANGO
1.-uniformity of shape and size, skin color (depending on cultivar) and
flesh firmness.
2.-Presence of sunburn (incidence)
3.-Conversion of starch to sugar (increased tenderness)
4.-decreased acidity and increased carotenoids and aromatics.
5.-texture (fiber).
b) BANANA
1.-Maturity (the more mature the better quality when ripe)
Two. - Finger length (depending on its intended use and the demand for
various sizes.
3.-Conversion of starch into sugars (sweetness).
4.-Incidence sunburn.
PINEAPPLE:.
Apply 25 kg / ha, just start developing fruit. Reapply at intervals of
14 days up to 40 days before harvesting. After (last applicaction)
applied every 15 days at doses of 250 OASIS gr / ha
MEASURE:
1.-Uniformity of size and shape, firmness.
2.-Absence of sunburn. (Incidence)
3.-crown Leaves: green, medium length and straight.
4.-soluble solids range, 11-18%.
5.-titratable acidity (as citric acid) 0.5-1.6%.
June. - Ascorbic acid (vitamin C), 20-65 mg/100 g fresh weight.
TOMATO and CAPSICUM: 25kg/ha application initial post 12.5kg/ha applications,
from fruit ripening, up to 15 days before harvesting. Last applying OASIS to 250 g /
ha
a) TOMATO
1.-The size is not a factor that defines the degree of quality, but can influence so
important in commercial quality expectations.
2.-uniform color (orange-red to deep red, light yellow). No green shoulders.
3.-Sunburn (Incidence)
4.-Firmness-Firm to the touch. Not soft nor easily deformed due to over mature.
5.-Soluble Solids and Acidity
b) CAPSICUM
1.-Shape, size and uniform color typical of the cultivar
2.-Firmness
3.-Sunburn (Incidence)
CITRUS: applying 12.5 kg / ha initial subsequent applications to 0.625 kg / ha,
from petal fall and fruit ripening, up to 20 days before harvesting.
MEASURE:
1.-Quality Sensory juice content, size, texture, color, maturity index, aroma etc.
2.-Nutritional quality is the amount of vitamin C, amount of protein, sugar-
acid balance etc.
Tomato for industry
Sunburn Tomato
CONTROL Surround Suncrops
THANKS A LOT¡¡
