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Manhole Specification
Document MH-001-STD
1
DOCUMENT CONTROL 1.
Document Information
Document ID MH-001-STD
Document Owner City Telecoms: Sybrand Brink
Author IS&T Telecommunications
Author – Contact Details David Jacobs – 021 444 3051
Original Issue Date 14 September 2015
File Name Manhole Specification – Revision 1
Document History
Version Issue Date Changes to Document Approved Document Owner
V1.1 01/08/2016 Added Boundary Box, Brick Force, Brick Alignment and Connector Box. Illustrations updated. Document revised and updated
Document Approval
Role Name Company Signature Date
Document Author David Jacobs CoCT
Document Owner – Integrated Network Planner
Sybrand Brink CoCT
Head of Planning & Implementation
Alister van Tonder CoCT
Head of Voice & Video Marius Munnik CoCT
Head of Operations Reg Hite CoCT
Head of Telecoms Data Bradley Rayner CoCT
Manager: Telecoms Leon van Wyk CoCT
Third Party Civil Engineers Bergstan
The material, products, information and processes contained in this document are confidential. This document, either in part or as a whole, may not be copied or reproduced by any means, nor be disclosed to third parties for purposes other than for which it is supplied, without prior written consent of The City of Cape Town Telecommunications Department.
Table of Contents
DOCUMENT CONTROL .............................................................................................................................................. 1 1. SCOPE ........................................................................................................................................................................ 1 2. PREAMBLE TO STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS FOR MANHOLES .................................................................................. 1 3.
Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................... 1 3.1
Works Description ............................................................................................................................................ 1 3.2
Contractor Camp Establishment ...................................................................................................................... 1 3.3
Location of Camp and Depot ........................................................................................................................... 1 3.4
Management of the Environment .................................................................................................................... 1 3.5
Spoil Areas ........................................................................................................................................................ 2 3.6
Sanitary Facilities ............................................................................................................................................. 2 3.7
Site Conditions ................................................................................................................................................. 2 3.8
Site facilities ..................................................................................................................................................... 2 3.9
Stockpiling Material ......................................................................................................................................... 2 3.10
Existing services ............................................................................................................................................... 2 3.11
As-Built Documentation ................................................................................................................................... 2 3.12
3.12.1 Manholes .................................................................................................................................................................. 2
3.12.2 Duct Routes .............................................................................................................................................................. 3
3.12.3 Installation of indoor ducting ................................................................................................................................... 3
3.12.4 Installation of sub-ducts (mini and micro) ................................................................................................................ 3
Materials and Equipment ................................................................................................................................. 3 3.13
Codes of Practice .............................................................................................................................................. 3 3.14
Deviations and Variations ................................................................................................................................ 3 3.15
COMPLIANCE TO STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS AND REGULATIONS ......................................................................... 3 4. Specifications related to Civil Works and Construction and SANS referred to: ............................................... 3 4.1
ACCOMMODATION OF TRAFFIC (Local and Provincial) ............................................................................................ 4 5. METHODS AND PROCEDURES: MANHOLES .............................................................................................................. 5 6.
Overview .......................................................................................................................................................... 5 6.1
Site preparation ............................................................................................................................................... 5 6.2
Types of Manholes approved by The CoCT ...................................................................................................... 5 6.3
Installation Guide ............................................................................................................................................. 5 6.4
BRICK BUILT MANHOLES ........................................................................................................................................... 6 7. Standard Brick Built Manhole .......................................................................................................................... 6 7.1
7.1.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................. 6
7.1.2 Design ........................................................................................................................................................................... 6
7.1.3 Slopes ............................................................................................................................................................................ 7
7.1.4 Manhole Alignment ...................................................................................................................................................... 7
7.1.5 Bricks ............................................................................................................................................................................. 7
7.1.6 Brick Alignment ............................................................................................................................................................. 8
7.1.7 Brick force ..................................................................................................................................................................... 9
7.1.8 Cement/Concrete ......................................................................................................................................................... 9
7.1.9 Sleeve Entries ................................................................................................................................................................ 9
7.1.10 Copings ................................................................................................................................................................... 10
7.1.11 Roof Corrugated Iron Sheets .................................................................................................................................. 10
7.1.12 I-Beams ................................................................................................................................................................... 11
7.1.13 Angle iron ............................................................................................................................................................... 11
7.1.14 Construction of New Roof ...................................................................................................................................... 12
7.1.15 Brick Walls .............................................................................................................................................................. 12
7.1.16 Floor (Base) ............................................................................................................................................................. 13
7.1.17 Top Surface / Finishing ........................................................................................................................................... 13
7.1.18 Backfilling ............................................................................................................................................................... 13
7.1.19 Manhole completion .............................................................................................................................................. 14
7.1.20 Brackets .................................................................................................................................................................. 14
7.1.21 Steps – Step irons (When required) ....................................................................................................................... 15
7.1.22 Reinstatement of Surrounding Walkways, Grass, Road and Other Surfaces ......................................................... 15
Non-standard Brick Built Manholes ............................................................................................................... 15 7.2
7.2.1 Overview ..................................................................................................................................................................... 15
7.2.2 Dimensions ................................................................................................................................................................. 16
7.2.3 Material ...................................................................................................................................................................... 16
7.2.4 Retaining Walls ........................................................................................................................................................... 16
7.2.5 Manholes with chimney .............................................................................................................................................. 16
PREFABRICATED GRC MANHOLE ............................................................................................................................ 17 8. Dimensions ..................................................................................................................................................... 18 8.1
Installation Depth (1200mm manhole) .......................................................................................................... 19 8.2
Preferred Installation Method ....................................................................................................................... 19 8.3
Bedding .......................................................................................................................................................... 20 8.4
Backfilling ....................................................................................................................................................... 20 8.5
Completion ..................................................................................................................................................... 20 8.6
DCP TESTING ........................................................................................................................................................... 20 9. DISPOSAL OF MATERIAL ......................................................................................................................................... 21 10. MANHOLE COVERS ................................................................................................................................................. 21 11.
The D400 Ductile Iron MH Cover ................................................................................................................... 21 11.1
The 2A Polymer Concrete Manhole Cover ..................................................................................................... 22 11.2
The B125 Ductile Iron MH Cover .................................................................................................................... 22 11.3
INSTALLATION OF FDP (SPLICE DOMES) BRACKETS ................................................................................................ 23 12. MANHOLE LOCKS .................................................................................................................................................... 23 13. CONNECTOR BOX .................................................................................................................................................... 24 14. BOUNDARY BOX ...................................................................................................................................................... 24 15. DISPOSAL OF MATERIAL ......................................................................................................................................... 25 16. HEALTH AND SAFETY............................................................................................................................................... 25 17. PROTECTION OF THE WORKS.................................................................................................................................. 25 18. SHORING ................................................................................................................................................................. 25 19. ABBREVIATIONS ...................................................................................................................................................... 26 20. DEFINITIONS ........................................................................................................................................................... 26 21. REFERENCE DOCUMENTATION ............................................................................................................................... 26 22. MH INSTALLATION CHECKLIST ................................................................................................................................ 27 23. CONTRIBUTORS ...................................................................................................................................................... 27 24.
Manhole Specification: MH-001-STD
Model ID: Brick built manhole
by David Jacobs
1
SCOPE 2.
This document serves to:
Define the excavation for an installation of a Manhole
Define the procedure for constructing a Brick Built Manhole
Define the procedure for installing a drop-in prefabricated Manhole
Define the physical and design characteristics of the various types of prefabricated Manholes, Frames, Covers and Locks accepted for use by the CoCT
Define the reinstatement of surfaces after project completion
PREAMBLE TO STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS FOR MANHOLES 3.
Introduction 3.1
This standard, including all its reference documents, form part of the contract between the CoCT and the Contractor
This document is the standard specification for Manholes and covers the specific regulations for the construction of a manholes or the installation of duct(s) and Manhole equipment which all contractors will adhere to
These requirements are to be read in conjunction with documents mentioned and specifications and standards referred to
The term “Contractor” shall apply to the person, company, firm, partnership or any applicable entity appointed for the supply, installation, testing and commissioning (and/or maintenance thereof) of Manholes as specified by the Tender.
Works Description 3.2
This Specification describes how preparation, excavating, the constructing of Manholes, backfilling, the laying of underground ducts and the reinstatement of surfaces shall be done
The complete installation shall comply with the requirements of this specification. In the event of any deviation, the CoCT will decide whether the work shall be re-measured on site or whether re-measurement will be drafted on the standard drawing specifications within this document
A Route Supervisor will inspect the installation during progress and after the work has been completed. Deviations will be pointed out to the Contractor and these are to be remedied at the Contractor’s own expense. The Contractor will abide to the terms agreed to and will not be relieved of responsibility towards the expected agreements and standards
The Contractor will inform / notify the CoCT when the installation reaches important milestones of completion, e.g. before closing or sealing Manholes or resurfacing completed projects. This will aid the Route Supervisor to schedule his inspections in the best interest of all parties concerned.
Contractor Camp Establishment 3.3
When required:
The Contractor shall institute a camp and/or onsite office as determined by his own requirements
The location thereof shall be negotiated by the Contractor with the landowner(s) and relevant parties concerned for the provision of services such as electricity, water, portable sewage systems, etc.
Expenses accompanying costs for the camp and/or office establishment which may include generators, fuel, electricity and water consumption, portable sewage systems and any other expenses and rates associated with the establishment of the camp/office shall be financed by the Contractor.
Location of Camp and Depot 3.4
When required:
The Contractor shall submit to the Client his proposed siting and layout of all camps, stores, offices etc. within ten (10) days after acceptance of the contract
The Contractor shall make his own arrangements for the accommodation of all labour and comply with the requirements of the respective authorities. Only night watchmen shall be housed at the camp and depot
Control of access for construction plant onto the public roads shall be in accordance with the requirements of the relevant roads authority.
Management of the Environment 3.5
The Contractor shall adhere to the requirements of the Environment Management Plan
The Contractor shall observe the highest of safety measures in relation to camp establishment, works and construction, and any other activities which may have a negative impact on the environment
2
All contractors working on Optic Fibre projects are required to complete the Environment Management Plan audit checklist in Appendix A.
Spoil Areas 3.6
The onus is on the Contractor to find a suitable spoil site (off-site). Expenses attributed to the removal and transport shall not constitute an additional fee (other than itemised details specified in the bill of quantities).
Sanitary Facilities 3.7
The Contractor shall provide toilet facilities for all his employees and shall maintain them in a clean and hygienic state at all times.
Site Conditions 3.8
Parties applicable (Contractors, excavators and installers) are advised to visit the site and acquaint themselves with all local conditions prior to the execution of the work and installation of the Manhole(s). No claims from the Contractor which may arise from insufficient knowledge of the site and area conditions, the establishment and implementation of the tender, etc. will be considered after the submission and acceptance of quotes according to the tender agreement.
For installations where permission is required before the contractors visit or work on the site, affected parties will be required to arrange the necessary approval
The Contractor shall provide a foundational plan of execution which shall reflect a proposed sequence of strategies and activities encompassing the work for the contract. The foundational plan shall conform to the specification(s) provided.
Site facilities 3.9
Source of Water Supply
Water for construction purposes may be obtained by applying for a metered standpipe on the municipal mains bounding the site. The Contractor shall allow in his tender for all costs related to water supply for the Works.
Source of Power Supply
Where required, the Contractor shall arrange with the Electricity Department of the Local Authority for a supply for the Contract period. All supply costs shall be allowed for in the tender.
Stockpiling Material 3.10
The positions and method of stockpiling of material will be to the Route Supervisor’s approval. The safeguarding of construction material against theft or damage will solely be the Contractor's responsibility.
Existing services 3.11
The Contractor shall search and verify details, positions and levels of intersection points well in advance of undertaking related works to prevent any possible delays if such services are not as indicated or assumed. The onus is on the Contractor for continuity of construction activities by ensuring that location and arrangements for negotiation of all services occur well in advance
The underground services located inside and on the boundaries of the site consist of water mains, sewage pipelines, storm water lines, telecoms cables and HV and LV electricity cables
All identified pre-existing services that are damaged or disrupted by the Contractor shall be repaired by the Contractor or the relevant authority. All costs will be charged to the Contractor
The Contractor shall liaise in good time with the relevant authorities before working in the immediate vicinity of these services (however, CoCT to lead wayleave requirements).
As-Built Documentation 3.12
The Contractor shall provide detailed As-Built documentation for all construction and installation work. All digital photographs are to contain a date stamp and co-ordinates (or recorded dates and positioning). The document must contain at least the following information:
3.12.1 Manholes
Dimensions
Photographs inside, outside and of the cover (closed)
Surveyor GPS coordinates (accurate to 0.5m)
3
3.12.2 Duct Routes
Actual route followed (not straight line), accurate to within 1m
3.12.3 Installation of indoor ducting
Actual route followed (not straight line), including height from floor and distance from nearest walls
Digital photographs showing the installation
3.12.4 Installation of sub-ducts (mini and micro)
Distances installed
Type of duct used (7-way mini-duct, 12-way micro duct, 2-way micro-duct)
Materials and Equipment 3.13
All materials and equipment will conform to set standards in quality. Manufactured, performance related and the quality of equipment and materials utilised will conform to the appropriate test standards and requirements of the SABS and/or SANS where applicable
All materials and consumables must be pre-approved by the Technical Committee and form part of the Toolbox
Specifications for particular products such as ducts will be supplied on request
Codes of Practice 3.14
Where any reference is made to any standard specification or requirement of the CoCT in this document, the most updated revision will be deemed relevant and shall be adhered to.
Deviations and Variations 3.15
All deviations and/or variations are to be issued by means of a written site instruction and presented to the Route Supervisor
All deviations and/or variations and/or additional work over the contract may be subjected to additional costing and a variation in quote submissions for payment (subject to approval prior to execution)
All variation quotes are to be submitted within 48 hours of request
COMPLIANCE TO STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS AND REGULATIONS 4.
All works performed will strictly comply and adhere with all regulations and protocol which includes:
The Occupational Health & Safety Act, 1993 (Act No. 85 of 1993)
Road Ordinance Act 19 of 1976 (in line with the TCT - Transport for Cape Town)
Aspects requiring special attention include:
Client health and safety requirements issued separately
Protection of existing services; especially live electrical cables
Safe utilization of plant and vehicles
Access route safety
Storage and stacking of materials
Good housekeeping and site tidiness
Methods applicable for labour based construction.
The Contractor’s safety plan and method statements shall be approved and a safety officer shall be appointed prior to the commencement of any activities.
Specifications related to Civil Works and Construction and SANS referred to: 4.1
SANS 10100 –1 2000 The Structural use of Concrete
SANS 50196-21 / SABS EN196-21 Testing of Cement
SANS 1200 A 1986 General
SANS 1200 C 1980 Site Clearance
SANS 1200 D 1990 Earthworks
SANS 1200 DB 1989 Earthworks (Pipe Trenches)
SANS 1200 DM 1981 Earthworks (Road, Subgrade)
SANS 1200 G Civil Engineering Construction – Concrete Structural
SANS 1200 GA Civil Engineering Construction – Concrete Small Works
SANS 58621/SABS SM 862-1 Concrete Tests and Slump Test
SANS 1200 LB 1983 Bedding (Pipes)
SANS 1200 LC 1981 Cable Ducts
SANS 1200 M 1996 Roads (General)
4
SANS 1200 MH 1996 Asphalt Base and Surfacing
SANS 1200 MJ 1984 Segmented paving
SANS 1200 MK 1983 Kerbing and Channelling
SANS 1200 F 1983 Standardized specification for civil engineering constr. Section F: Piling
SANS 50124 1994 Gully tops and manhole tops
SANS 558 Manholes for use in Systems National Building Regulations
Public Works 334 Development of Infrastructure on Dolomite
SABS 878 2004 Ready mix concrete
SABS 1294 Poly Manholes
Minerals Act, regulation 9.33.5
Environmental Management Act, Act 107 of 1998
Construction Regulations –Government Notice No. R1010 18 July 2003
All in-house procedures and regulations issued by local and other authorities who have jurisdiction over the contract
Manhole types will be designed and installed so that the physical, operational and maintenance characteristics will not degrade when exposed to the ecological conditions of South Africa (including recorded climate and weather conditions of the local area) and the expected environmental conditions (which includes traffic). The quality of the equipment used and the design and installation thereof will be to protect fibre connections and internal equipment from damage, theft and unauthorised access
Excavations as well as incomplete and completed installations will be according to expected standards and will adhere strictly to set guidelines – see Terms of Construction Regulations 2014. This is to observe public safety, property, equipment protection as well as Client and Network security
Open Manholes which constitute a hazard to pedestrians or traffic will at all times be adequately demarcated and barricaded to protect footpath and road users. The Contractor will also ensure that access to areas affected by the works is maintained at all times
Traffic Routing and accommodation shall conform to Chapter 13 of Volume 2 of the South African Road Sign Manual (SARTSM)
Work will not commence until all Wayleaves have been completed, approved and received by the parties concerned and relevant insurances are in place
When working on non-City roads, i.e.: N1, N2, etc. -the Contractor shall adhere to all specifications concerning excavation as well as road/pavement reinstatement in relation to any road authority applicable (such as SANRAL, the Western Cape Government, etc.).
ACCOMMODATION OF TRAFFIC (Local and Provincial) 5.
The Contractor shall ensure that all access routes which are affected by the Works and/or Temporary Works are kept in a safe condition for pedestrian and vehicular traffic
The Contractor shall organize his work so as to reduce the inconvenience to traffic to a minimum, and no public road shall be completely closed without prior approval
The Contractor shall provide and maintain in proper condition all necessary barricades, lights, warning signals and all direction signs necessary to enable traffic to flow in both directions. He shall provide flagmen at all deviations and/or obstructions
All signs shall be in all three local official languages (English, Afrikaans and Xhosa) and all traffic signs and control of traffic shall be in accordance with the South African Road Traffic Signs Manual
The Contractor shall liaise with and co-operate with the relevant Traffic authorities wherever the works affect existing roads. The Contractor shall sign an indemnity clearing the Local Authority, as applicable, from all liabilities in respect of any works on or adjacent to trafficked roads.
5
METHODS AND PROCEDURES: MANHOLES 6.
Overview 6.1
Works will include any one or more of the following:
Establishment on site
Accommodation of traffic (vehicle or pedestrian)
Excavations
Construction of manholes, including installation of copings, frames and covers
Installation of prefabricated manholes, including copings, frames and covers
Testing of Soil
Reinstatement of roads, sidewalks and private property
Site preparation 6.2
The Contractor must examine all plans, details and specifications received. Should any discrepancy be found on site, the discovery shall be brought to the Route Supervisor’s attention immediately
The felling or removal of trees, shrubs and plant materials may be necessary. Prior to starting this, the Contractor must gain written approval from the relevant authority and / or property owner
On private property, the property occupier is to be given a minimum of 24 hours’ notice prior to the commencement of work. Trenches and / or Manhole excavations on private property are not to be left open outside of normal working hours. Should this be unavoidable, the Contractor must undertake the necessary precautions to safeguard the incomplete work during the period. This includes establishing precautionary measures for public safety.
Types of Manholes approved by The CoCT 6.3
There are different types of manholes available for deployment in the Approved Toolbox. Manholes currently approved by the CoCT are:
Brick Built Manhole
Cylindrical Prefabricated Manhole GRC Manhole
Installation Guide 6.4
Please see steps below:
Step 1 Examine Plans, details and specifications received
Step 2 At the specified location, erect Public Safety barriers and demarcate zones for public use
Step 3 Institute Pilot hole (test hole)
Step 4 Test soil and excavate MH cavity (which is aligned to the Trench or as per plan)
Step 5 Install Bedding (if required by soil conditions), level and compact
Step 6 Install or construct planned Manhole as per specified steps within this document
Step 7 Route Ducting from Trench into Manhole
Step 8 Backfill and compact opening between MH exterior walls and excavated ground, as per compact guidelines
Step 10 Install coping / frame
Step 11 Adjust Slack Brackets
Step 12 Install MH cover
Step 13 Clear debris and rubble from site
Step 14 Reinstate surfaces
Step 15 Once site inspection has been approved, remove barricades and excess waste materials
6
BRICK BUILT MANHOLES 7.
Standard Brick Built Manhole 7.1
7.1.1 Introduction
A Brick-built Manhole (BBM) is a manhole constructed (by hand) primarily from Bricks, Mortar and Cement. It is more durable than prefabricated designs and is the preferred type when installing a MH in a location that experiences a high volume of traffic, i.e. roads.
Fig. 1 Brick-built manhole Generally, conditions on site will dictate the size and type of manhole required and what is most suitable – depending on the service requirements. The CoCT Fibre Planner will dictate which type of manhole is constructed in each case. This section of the document will cover standard sized manholes. For non-standard manholes, refer to 7.2
7.1.2 Design
To ensure Public and Traffic Safety on sidewalks, roads, pavements, etc. – it is essential that an even, level, non-protruding, ground-level Manhole cover is fitted. This is to minimise any possible risk to the damage and injury of vehicles, pedestrians, path or road users and the public in general. The MH frame and cover shall be at the same level as the surrounding area. The sizes mentioned below are the interior measurements from inner-wall to inner-wall as well as the floor to the surface.
There a three basic volume sizes listed in the points below. Should any difficulty encountered prevent the actual measurements from being achieved, the Route Supervisor is to be consulted.
800mm -the minimum internal distance between the walls is to be 800mm and the depth of the hole should not be less than 800mm from the base to the manhole cover. This results in internal dimensions of 800mmx800mmx800mm
1200mm -the minimum internal distance between the walls is to be 1200mm and the depth of the hole should not be less than 1200mm from the base to the manhole cover. This results in internal dimensions of 1200mmx1200mmx1200mm. The overall volume must not be less than 1.728m³. If it is unavoidable that one of the dimensions must be decreased, the other dimensions must be increased to maintain the volume at 1.728m³. No dimensions may be smaller than 800mm. All deviations from the norm must be approved in writing by the Fibre Planner and a site instruction issued accordingly.
1500mm -the minimum internal distance between the walls is to be 1500mm and the depth of the hole should not be less than 1500mm from the base to the manhole cover. This results in internal dimensions of 1500mmx1500mmx1500mm. The overall volume must not be less than 3.375m³. If it is unavoidable that one of the dimensions must be decreased, the other dimensions must be increased to maintain the volume at 3.375m³. No dimensions may be smaller than 800mm. All deviations from the norm must be approved in writing by the Fibre Planner and a site instruction issued accordingly.
1500mm MHs constructed for Switching Facilities are to incorporate a Sump Pump. The sump positioning is not to obstruct entry into the MH nor prohibit the sump pump from being installed in the MH. The default size is 400mm x 400mm x 50mm deep, situated close to the exit hole and as far away from services as possible, whether a permanent fixture or temporary sump installation. See Fig. 2.
7
Fig. 2 Sump Area
7.1.3 Slopes
In an area comprising of a non-level terrain, the gradient or contour above ~16° (as per National Building Regulations in relation to walkways) of the ground may obstruct the regular design of a manhole. In this instance, a retaining wall / structural supporting fortification must be erected (site specific). The structure shall be non-slip and visible at ground level to aid in public safety. The National Building Regulations calls for
The retaining wall shall be constructed for MHs installed on sloping areas
The retaining wall shall have a double brick layer with semi-face clay bricks
Loffelstein blocks shall be used. This is site specific and to be determined by the Route Supervisor.
7.1.4 Manhole Alignment
Manholes shall be aligned with the Trench direction and routes. Manhole coping will also be installed with the sides parallel to kerbs, road endings, fence lines, etc. (not misaligned).
Fig. 3 OSP Route cut-through
7.1.5 Bricks
Burnt clay engineering (NFX) standard bricks must be used. To construct manholes the following shall apply:
The wall thickness shall be double brick (unless otherwise specified) and according to masonry standards with bagging finish inside.
8
7.1.6 Brick Alignment
The CoCT shall utilise either the Stretcher bond or the Flemish bond brick alignment. This will be determined by the Civil Engineer / Route Supervisor on site. In this document, illustrations shall revert to the Stretcher bond alignment as it is the default industry standard.
Fig. 4 Flemish Bond Alignment Fig. 5 Stretcher Bond Alignment
At no point shall Stack bond be accepted (see Fig.6 below).
Fig. 6 Bond Alignments
Fig. 7 Stretcher Brick Alignment
All Stretcher bond walls shall employ brick-force wiring (see 7.1.7 below).
9
7.1.7 Brick force
Every third layer of placed bricks shall have a 150mm brick force steel wired grid
The brick force shall be made of galvanised steel
The steel wire grid shall be placed within the cement between bricks (see Fig. 8)
Fig. 8 Brick Force installation per wall
7.1.8 Cement/Concrete
All cement must be in accordance with the specifications and standards of SABS 196-21 and SANS 50196-21 and shall at all times be subject to the approval of the CoCT
Concrete strength shall be at least 30Mpa.
7.1.9 Sleeve Entries
All BBMs must be constructed with sleeve entries (stubs) according to the following minimum specification:
All BBMs shall have a minimum of 2 x 110mm sleeve entry points on all 4 sides and must be cemented inside and outside, around the sleeve
The bottom of each sleeve entry point shall be 100mm above the MH base (staggered lay-out)
Sleeves are to be inserted at the side of the manhole wall face, NOT in the middle. The first sleeve must be installed 100mm from the side of the next (parallel) wall, and the following a maximum of 50mm further in. The Fibre Planner will dictate on the plan which side must be used (i.e. 100mm from the East or West wall, in the case of a North or South entry).
Unused sleeve entries shall be sealed with 110mm end caps or foam sealed
Sleeves shall be High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) sleeves with couplings (including rubbers/O-rings) between links
Sleeves shall be of 110 mm outer diameter
Sleeves must be cut back to a min. of 50 mm from wall (i.e. ducts must “stick out” into the manhole by 50mm, and not be cut flush with the wall)
Fig. 9 Duct Entries
10
7.1.10 Copings
Manholes either have a prefabricated concrete coping, or a coping that is cast onsite, as specified by the Fibre Planner.
See Appendix for dimensions of precast copings.
The following rules apply when casting a coping:
The coping must be cast together with the roof (slab) to ensure the there are no weak points between the coping and roof. The frame of the manhole must also be cast into the concrete coping
The frame will either be a polymer-concrete frame (2A) or a ductile iron frame (B125 or D400), as specified by the Fibre Planner.
Concrete must slope to the outside to prevent undercutting from water (site specific, determined by the Route Supervisor)
The coping is to be chamfered – to trim sharp edges, as per Route Supervisor
From coping parameter edge to frame: (300mm -Polymer or 150mm – Ductile Iron)
The coping must be at least 100mm to 150mm thick concrete at 30MPa
Wood float finish to prevent slipping
When the manhole is built on a pavement with brick surfacing, the copings must be level with the existing brick work
When the manhole is built in a road or pavement with tar surfacing, a ±30 mm gap must be left on the coping if it is on the pavement and a ±75mm gap must be left when in the roadway to allow tar reinstatement to be done.
When there is a fall in the ground level to one side the manhole frame must be adjusted to the grading of the ground
Fig. 10 Cast coping for tar surface Fig. 11 Cast coping for brick surface
Fig. 12 Cast coping (brick surface)
7.1.11 Roof Corrugated Iron Sheets
0.5mm Grade-A SANS approved corrugated iron sheets must be used for the roof (Fig. 13). The sheets must be cut to fit around the I-beams – as displayed in the illustrations below. Sheet sizes are to be determined by the Route Supervisor.
All I-Beams and angle iron must be painted with red oxide to prevent rust (slow down the oxidation process).
11
Fig. 13 Roof Corrugated Iron Sheets
7.1.12 I-Beams
I-beams shall be mounted as support structures for the MH frame and cover
I-beams shall offer maximum support and will not obstruct the MH cover or opening circumference
I-beam dimensions shall be 100 x 55mm with a wall thickness of ±5mm
I-beams shall be strong enough to tolerate weights of 13 tons for MHs on pavements, and 40 tons in driveways and roads (this includes the rooftop weight)
Where a frame can’t fit on walls, the frame must be supported with I-beams. The following should be used:
Pedestrian areas: 100 x 55 x 6 mm
Vehicular areas: 140 x 70 x 6 mm
Fig. 14 The I-Beams and corrugated iron roof sheets
7.1.13 Angle iron
Angle irons (40mm X 40mm) to be used on all brick-built manholes
4 X 10mm X 200mm round bars, bent in a V shape must be welded to the frame, to secure frame to the I-Beams
670mm angle irons must be installed between the I-Beams to support the corrugated iron sheets
Fig. 15 Angle-irons used to attach the frame to the I-Beam
12
7.1.14 Construction of New Roof
Fit cover and frame as per the following specifications where applicable:
In-situ and precast roofs
Fix to existing coping structures using chemical anchors
Drill 14 mm hole min. 100 mm into existing concrete slab
Use 12 mm threaded rod (150mm) cut at an angle (insertion point)
Use chemical anchor to fix rod permanently into concrete structure. Fig. 16
Min. 2 on opposite side of frame, with flat washer and nuts
Damage thread to prevent the removal of nut after installation
Welded support on I-beams / other steel fixtures
Treat all welded areas, to prevent oxidation. See Fig: 17
Fig. 16 Attaching the frame Fig. 17 Welding the frame in place
Fig. 18 The frame attached to the I beams
7.1.15 Brick Walls
All walls shall be constructed of solid baked clay bricks (see 7.1.5)
Mortar mixtures shall follow the 1 Workman’s Wheelbarrow (WW) Cement + 3 WW of sand ratio.
Bedding and vertical joints shall be 10-15mm thick
Inner dimensions shall comply with section 7.1.2 of this document
See 7.1.9 for information concerning Sleeve Entries
There will be no cavity (space) between walls
Wall to be constructed using double a brick wall (Fig. 19)
Fig. 19 Double wall construction
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7.1.16 Floor (Base)
Floor dimensions shall be in accordance with the dimensions specified in 7.1.2
Floor will be 100 – 150mm thick
Sump dimensions shall be 400mm x 400mm x 50mm deep (see 7.1.2)
The sump position will be determined by the Route Supervisor
The floor base shall be level (in the 1500mm MH, where applicable, floor shall be sloped towards the Sump)
Concrete shall be 30MPa strength (2 bags cement + 2.5 WW sand + 2.5 WW stone)
Fig. 20 1500mm Manhole Dimensions
7.1.17 Top Surface / Finishing
Any completed manhole shall have the top surface flushed and levelled with the surrounding road/pavement
A corrugated sheet cut out made to cover the manhole shall be placed for Mortar fill (Ductile only)
8mm wire mesh shall be placed 50mm above the corrugated sheet in between the mortar to reinforce its structure, when required
The wire mesh shall be trimmed to the size of the coping and to the MH cover opening (with a 50mm clearance).
Fig. 21 Top surface
7.1.18 Backfilling
Backfill is the material installed above the compacted floor and between the brick walls and excavated earth to complete the refilling of the hole. The backfill should not in any way injure the ducts fitted to the MH from the trench
Backfill material shall consist of imported soil only. The contractor may use soil that has been excavated from the trench / MH for backfilling; however, any rocks, debris, organic material and objects are to be removed
Backfilling shall be compacted after every 100mm layer.
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7.1.19 Manhole completion
All manholes are to be cleared of concrete and rubble after the completion of work
All labels to be turned face-up
All fibre to be correctly managed on slack brackets
All new manholes covers shall have manhole numbers stencilled with 50mm Helix Stencil with the appropriate manhole number as allocated by CoCT
Manhole number to be painted on cover with road marking paint (polymer = black paint and Ductile = white paint)
Manhole number to be painted on I-Beam with black road marking paint
All 110mm sleeves must be cut 50mm from the wall (i.e. the ducts stick out into the manhole by 50mm)
Slack brackets must be installed on all the walls of the manhole
Fig. 22 Cross sectional view of completed BB Manhole
All slack brackets must be installed in the middle of each manhole face
All beam filling must be done correctly: o Against the wall between the wall and the corrugated sheets o Between the I-Beams and the corrugated iron sheets
Fig. 23 Brackets and duct spacing Fig. 24 Correct installation of tube slack
Fig. 25 Manhole number painted on cover Fig. 26 Manhole number painted on I-beam
7.1.20 Brackets
The MH shall be equipped with brackets for storing cable slack:
The Cable Storage shall be hot dipped galvanised**
Brackets to be fixed with galvanised screws (75mm Coach screws)
Brackets to be evenly spaced to prevent/avoid unnecessary tension or sharp bends on optic fibre cables (see Fig. 24) **Currently, The CoCT Operations Department utilise a plastic variation of the bracket (see Fig. 23).
Fig. 27 The cable slack bracket
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7.1.21 Steps – Step irons (When required)
Any MH deeper than 800mm shall be equipped with steps
Steps shall be placed at intervals of 300mm
The steps shall be made of steel rod which may be round or square in shape
The steel rod shall have a minimum of 12mm thickness
Each step shall have a depth of 175mm with 75mm built into the wall – with a width of 150mm
7.1.22 Reinstatement of Surrounding Walkways, Grass, Road and Other Surfaces
Reinstatements must be replaced with like for like or better, unless previous reinstatement was non-existent or didn’t conform to the surroundings
Reinstatements shall be subjected to the Route Supervisor’s approval. Any reinstatement redone due to the Route Supervisor’s rejection of the restoration and resurfacing shall be at the contractor’s own expense.
Fig. 28 Reinstatements for different types of surfaces
Non-standard Brick Built Manholes 7.2
7.2.1 Overview
This guideline is applicable for conditions where circumstances require non-standard manhole installations. The default Brick Built installation specification applies as per 7.1, however, the below specification is altered.
As mentioned in 7.1.1 conditions on site will dictate the size, design and type of manhole installation. Common examples of the special circumstances that require a non-standard manhole are:
Limited available space onsite
Hard rock sections found within the ground where a minimum depth of 1 metre cannot be reached
Conditions which require a larger manhole to be installed (such as services that cannot fit into a standard sized manhole)
Depth obstructions and other utility pathways which may necessitate the placement of a manhole below normal depth
Trench selections on a slope
Existing surfaces
RoW conditions
Manholes (Team) Yes No N/A
Slack Managed correctly
Entry sleeves foamed, cut and painted (Sealed) as per specification
Ducts labelled as per specification
Slack brackets fixed as per specification
Manhole covers checked and tested
Manhole marked inside as per specification
Manhole cover marked as per specification
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7.2.2 Dimensions
MHs shall be designed and built as per site conditions
Where other than standard sized manholes are required, one dimension shall be reduced at a time
Larger MHs are used to a limited extent and shall depend on the type of services at the site
The following dimensions shall apply:
Dimension Ideal / Standard Reduced MH Sizes
Minimum Maximum*
Length (mm) – excl. walls 1200 600 1500*
Width (mm) – excl. walls 1200 600 1500*
Depth (mm) – excl. base and cover 1200 600 1500*
Wall thickness (mm) Double brick approx. 220mm
Base thickness (mm) 150 145 155
7.2.3 Material
All MHs shall be built using clay bricks. Cement bricks are not acceptable. (See 7.1.5 Bricks)
All MHs shall have double brick layers (See 7.1.5 Bricks)
D400 Cover and Frame to be placed on this MH
I-beams and galvanised sheeting to be used
Strength:30MPa concrete mix
Hot dip galvanised steel slack brackets
7.2.4 Retaining Walls
A retaining wall shall be constructed for MHs installed on sloping areas
See 7.1.3 Slopes for information
7.2.5 Manholes with chimney
Floor base and manhole roof (chimney base) shall be 200mm thick reinforced concrete. Base to be constructed offsite
Internal manhole wall thickness should be double brick (the chimney shall be single brick) and according to masonry standards with bagging finishing inside
Reinforced slabs shall be constructed offsite at supplier / contractor’s plant. See fig: 31 for lifting hooks. Y12 @ 100 c/c both ways 50mm cover bottom of slab
Trench to be dug at a gradient to allow for gentle fall of ducts into manhole.
Fig. 29 Sectional view of manhole with chimney
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Fig. 30 Isometric view of Manhole with chimney
Fig. 31 Slab reinforcing
PREFABRICATED GRC MANHOLE 8.
Installing Prefabricated MHs is less time consuming compared to constructing a Brick built one. Prefabricated MHs are typically made in a controlled environment and exhibit high quality and uniformity. Because Prefabricated MHs are manufactured off site, during the installation process, there is a significant reduction in time, dust, noise and debris.
See Appendix at the end of this manual for additional dimensions.
All prefabricated manholes are cylindrical. Except in exceptional circumstances, both shall adhere to the same installation specification. The Prefabricated MH shall not be used in high traffic roads used by heavy vehicles.
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Fig. 32 The GRC manhole Fig. 33 The GRC manhole cross-section
Dimensions 8.1
Fig. 34 GRC Manhole dimensions
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Installation Depth (1200mm manhole) 8.2
Excavate for the Manhole depth of:
Frame & Cover 145mm or
Coping 150mm
Prefab Manhole 1200mm
Bedding 100mm
TOTAL ±1500mm (any excavation below 1600mm is perceived as high risk - maximum of 1500mm allowed)
Preferred Installation Method 8.3
Regardless of the shape of the prefab MH, the below shall apply:
The Manhole shall be excavated to a depth of 1500mm to allow for the access of compaction equipment, as well as 100mm Bedding
Over –excavate the sides to allow for compaction equipment, allowing for sufficient space for compacting
The base of the excavation shall be a level, compacted surface (see 9.4 Bedding below)
Place the Prefab MH carefully into the excavation ensuring flush and proper seating before backfilling
Ensure that the Prefab MH duct entry holes align with trench/duct direction
Once the MH has been positioned correctly, insert the ducting from the trenches
Carefully seal the ducts to the entry points to prevent moisture from entering the MH
Unused Duct entries shall be sealed off with Duct caps (on the outside)
Once the ducts have been inserted and entry points sealed, proceed with backfilling in 300mm layers
Compacted backfilling is to be at least as strong as the surrounding virgin soil
Backfilling shall be to the top of the MH rendering the MH completely concealed
Fig. 35 Prefabricated manhole components
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Fig. 36 & Fig. 37 GRC Manhole ducts and brackets
Bedding 8.4
Bedding material will constitute an even floor and consist of optimally compacted material 100mm deep.
The Route Supervisor will determine whether the material is too dry or if it requires moisture. Under no circumstances shall material which is saturated with water be used for Bedding or Backfill.
Bedding shall consist of virgin soil (site specific).
Backfilling 8.5
Backfill material shall consist of virgin soil. The contractor may use soil that has been excavated for the MH for Backfilling, however, any rocks, debris et al are to be removed.
Completion 8.6
During the compacting of Bedding and Backfill material, the contractor will exercise care to ensure that Manhole chamber, ducts and duct joints are not harmed or disturbed in any way.
Please refer to The Specification for Civil Works and Construction (installation of Underground Telecommunications Plant) document for additional specifications in relation to tamping tools (hand compacters), reinstatement of surfaces, etc.
Once the MH has been installed and completely sealed, the dome(s) may be installed and splicing of fibres may be implemented.
Fig. 38 Manhole completion
DCP TESTING 9.
DCP testing will be done up to 700mm deep from the surface. Testing will be done in manhole corners away from the ducts. The compaction standard will comply with DCP specifications (DCP-001-SPE).
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DISPOSAL OF MATERIAL 10.
Excess material, waste and pollution are to be removed from the site. No material shall spoil the area, during and after the installation in accordance with SANS 10263-0 (2010).
The Contractor will deploy an alternate off-site accommodation for the waste material. The Contractor will be held responsible for observing and adhering to by-laws, regulations and operational standards and requirements of the relevant local authorities concerning fire and for any injury to persons and damage to property. The Contractor shall indemnify the Client (CoCT) against all claims for damages and injuries arising from this source.
MANHOLE COVERS 11.
The City intends to build many manholes as access points for the outside plant fibre network. MH Covers must be installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. All covers shall be equipped with a locking mechanism.
The manholes covers sealing the manholes must comply with the following specifications:
The cover must be supplied with a frame into which it fits snugly
The cover must form a watertight seal with the frame
The cover must have a locking mechanism which requires a special key to open
The cover must bear the logo of the City of Cape Town as well as the words, “City of Cape Town Optic Fibre” (Fig: 40)
The fibre planner will specify which cover and frame shall be fitted to each manhole
See Annexure A for specifications relating to MH Covers.
The D400 Ductile Iron MH Cover 11.1
The D400 Ductile Iron manhole cover is a heavy duty lid (and frame). The lid is fitted with lock assembly. The cover shall be SABS approved and be able to withstand 400kN of downward pressure.
Fig. 39 The D400 Ductile Iron Manhole Cover
Fig. 40 - D400 Ductile Manhole Cover
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The 2A Polymer Concrete Manhole Cover 11.2
The 2A frame and cover are lightweight polymer resin products. The lid is fitted with lock assembly and can withstand 135kN of pressure. The 2A Polymer cover comes fitted with the Prefab MH as a unit.
The 2A MH cover and frame must be manufactured from a polymer concrete material
The installed 2A cover must be heavy duty and able to withstand 135kN of force
The outer diameter of the cover must be 600mm
The inner diameter of the frame must be ≥ 540mm
The frame must be no thicker than 140mm
Fig. 41 2A Polymer Concrete Manhole Cover
The B125 Ductile Iron MH Cover 11.3
The B125 Ductile Iron manhole cover is a heavy duty lid (and frame). The lid is fitted with lock assembly. The cover shall be SABS approved and be able to withstand 125kN of downward pressure.
Fig. 42 - B125 Cover fitted with lock
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Fig. 43 B125 Ductile Manhole Cover
INSTALLATION OF FDP (SPLICE DOMES) BRACKETS 12.
Splice Domes are to be mounted firmly onto the preinstalled mountings (see 7.1.18)
Domes will be located beneath the Brackets
Brackets will made from Galvanised steel
Brackets shall be hot dipped galvanised
Fig. 44 Dome bracket
MANHOLE LOCKS 13.
Manhole covers are to be secured using the standard plastic and steel lock mechanisms (the Green Lock). Older covers may use different locking mechanisms and these should be retrofitted with the standard Green lock. Should the design of the cover prohibit the Green lock from being fitted, the cover should be changed to accommodate the approved locking mechanism. The frame will not be altered in this regard.
Currently, The CoCT uses 2 types of Green locks: B (for Polymer Concrete MH Covers) and C (for the Ductile Iron MH Covers). The only difference between the two designs is the length. Type C is 50mm longer to accommodate the dimensions of the Ductile Iron MH Cover. Please refer to Annexure D for item dimensions.
Fig. 45 The City manhole lock
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CONNECTOR BOX 14.
A Connector Box shall be installed in planned Manholes to aid with tidiness and the control of fibre routing. The box shall be firmly secured on a galvanised mounting rack as low to the manhole base and ducts as possible (to prevent the exceeding of specified duct, cable and fibre bend ranges).
The Connector Box:
Shall contain 7-Way and 12-Way ducts only
Shall be installed with the side grommets parallel to manhole duct entries
Shall have minimal cable slack within to prevent access to cables
Ducts shall be snipped internally as close to the grommets as possible to allow for cable bend radius (max of 20mm)
Side grommets shall aid in the continuous flow of ducts between manhole entry points
Top grommets shall be for diverting cables to domes, etc.
Fig. 46 Connector Box
BOUNDARY BOX 15.
The Boundary box:
Shall contain 7-Way ducts only
Location shall be marked with a paved concrete slab (Route Marker Stone) indicating the serial number of the box
Shall have no slack within
Shall have side grommets which aid in the continuous flow of ducts between entry points
To be used from OSP to Customer Building
May be installed with a 100mm thick coping (site specific) for stability in certain areas.
Fig. 47 Boundary Box
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DISPOSAL OF MATERIAL 16.
Excess material, waste and pollution are to be removed from the site. No material shall spoil the area, during and after the installation in accordance with SANS 10263-0 (2010).
The Contractor will deploy an alternate off-site accommodation for the waste material. The Contractor will be held responsible for observing and adhering to by-laws, regulations and operational standards and requirements of the relevant local authorities concerning fire and for any injury to persons and damage to property. The Contractor shall indemnify the Client (CoCT) against all claims for damages and injuries arising from this source.
HEALTH AND SAFETY 17.
The Contractor is responsible for ensuring that the manhole is barricaded (at least 1m high) properly with orange netting for the duration of the work
Barricading must remain in place at all times
Appropriate signage must be used where necessary to direct traffic and pedestrians passing by.
All excavated soil must be inside the barricaded area
The Contractor will submit a complete Health & Safety file according to the requirements of the City and prior to commencement of work, subject to the approval of the City of Cape Town
The Health and Safety file must be properly maintained at all times and be readily available on site
The Contractor shall enter into an agreement with the CoCT and sign a mandatory 37.2 Agreement, signed by all relevant parties
Toolbox talks must be done daily prior to commencement of work and be recorded on a register to be placed in the Health & Safety file
The Contractor shall ensure that all workers are inducted on site prior to commencing their work
All personnel working on or visiting the site will wear suitable personal protective equipment (PPE)
The Contractor shall, furthermore, adhere to all provisions of the Occupational Health & Safety Act, 1993 (Act No. 85 of 1993) at all times
PROTECTION OF THE WORKS 18.
The Contractor shall protect the Works properly and shall so arrange his operations that no danger and the least possible inconvenience are caused to the public and to vehicle and pedestrian traffic. For this purpose shall, inter alia, provide and maintain sufficient Temporary Works, road signs, lights barricades, fencing and guarding as may be necessary or required by any act or statutory authority
All operations required in connection with execution and completion of the Works and Temporary Works shall, as far as the provisions of the Contract permit, not unnecessarily or in an improper manner encroach upon the use of public roads or upon access to private property, and the Contractor hereby indemnifies the City against any claims, demands, damage and legal costs that may arise in this regard
The Contractor shall be deemed to have allowed in his prices for all such obligations except in as far as provision is made in the Pricing Data for payment in respect of specific items to these obligations
Minor material, HDPE pipe and optical fibre cables must be stored away from direct sunlight.
SHORING 19.
Due to possible sandy or waterlogged conditions, provision for shoring in locations where there is a danger of the sides of the excavated hole collapsing shall be implemented. Shoring may be required where the excavation is immediately adjacent to a building. The strength of shoring must be adequate for site conditions.
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Fig. 48 Shoring example
ABBREVIATIONS 20.
BBM : Brick Built Manhole
MH : Manhole
DCP : Dynamic Cone Penetrometer
SABS : South African Bureau of Standards
SANS : South African National Standard
CoCT : City of Cape Town
PW : Public Works
FDP : Fibre Distribution Point
kN : Kilo Newton (a measure of force. 1kN = 1000N)
DEFINITIONS 21.
Manhole - a covered opening in a floor, pavement, street, or other surface that allows a person to enter. Often referred to as a chamber, it is an access point to an underground structure or to concealed equipment.
Manhole Cover - a flush fitted lid which covers the Manhole and the contents within
Precast Concrete - a construction product produced by casting concrete in a reusable mould (or form) which is then cured in a controlled environment and transported to the construction site (or storage) and fitted into place. In contrast, standard concrete is poured into site-specific forms and cured on site
Glass Fibre Reinforced Concrete (GRC) – a material consisting of high-strength glass fibre embedded in a cementitious matrix. In this form, both fibres and matrix retain their physical and chemical identities, while offering a synergism: a combination of properties that cannot be achieved with either of the components acting alone
Contract - the agreement made in terms of the Form of Offer and Acceptance and such amendments or additions to the contract as may be agreed in writing between the parties
Trench - a deep furrow or ditch excavated into the ground, primarily used for fortification (protection) and concealment.
OSP (Outside Plant) - all of the physical routes, ducting, manholes and supporting structure and any associated hardware located between a demarcation point in a switching facility and a demarcation point in another switching facility or Client premises.
Demarcation Point - the point where the switched network ends and connects with the client’s on-premises wiring. It is the dividing line which determines who is responsible for installation and maintenance of wiring and equipment, i.e. the Client or the CoCT
As-Built - documentation describing the actual work done consequent to a Works Authorisation. This information may include geo-spatial co-ordinates and levels; descriptions of the installed equipment (including splicing diagrams); and test result, (viz. results of duct integrity, Optic Fibre OTDR tests)
REFERENCE DOCUMENTATION 22.
All documentation stipulated hereunder form part of this specification.
CWC-0001-STD - Civil Works and Construction
TT -0001-SPE - Trench Tape Specification
DCP-0001-SPE - DCP testing Specification
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SARTSM - South African Road Sign Manual
SANS 1200 - Standardised Spec for Civil Engineering Constr.
Construction Drawings- For Works to be completed by the Contractor
Occupational Health & Safety Act, 1993 (Act No. 85 of 1993)
MH INSTALLATION CHECKLIST 23.
CONTRIBUTORS 24.
Sybrand Brink, Paul Atkinson, Fredel van As, Will Nieman, Reg Hite Garth de Villiers, Cedric Stevens, Christo Dreyer, Carl Gallant, Francois Badenhorst, Henning Pretorius
Document End.
Description Y N
Description Y N
1. Was construction performed within the way leave permission?
9. Was the depth of the MH to specification?
2. Was the type and method of reinstatement approved by the Route Supervisor?
10. Was the bedding placed to the specified depth at the bottom of the Manhole?
3. Were all works performed according to the Traffic Management Standards?
11. Was duct/s placement correct, and covered to the specified depth with a protective layer?
4. Were all works performed according to the OHS & construction regulations?
12. Were duct openings sealed properly?
5. Were all works performed according to the Local Authority Safety Specifications?
13. Were the ducts checked to ensure that they were not twisted?
6. Was the MH fitted on a level even floor? 14. Was the backfilling compacted?
7. Was the MH bed clean and free of excavated materials?
15. Were all road markings reinstated correctly?
8. Was the MH bed flat, with a square bottom? 16. According to the spec, are DCP tests available?
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1200mm Brick Built Manhole
800mm Brick Built Manhole