Tekst- og Tekst- og litteraturhistorie i de litteraturhistorie i de

engelsksprogede landeengelsksprogede landeSession Five: Modernism Session Five: Modernism

AgendaAgenda

ModernismModernism SculptureSculpture PaintingPainting MusicMusic ArchitectureArchitecture LiteratureLiterature

W.B. Yeats, ”The Second Coming” W.B. Yeats, ”The Second Coming” (1920)(1920)

Turning and turning in the widening Turning and turning in the widening gyregyreThe falcon cannot hear the falconer; The falcon cannot hear the falconer; Things fall apart; the centre cannot Things fall apart; the centre cannot hold; hold; Mere anarchy is loosed upon the world, Mere anarchy is loosed upon the world, The blood-dimmed tide is loosed, and The blood-dimmed tide is loosed, and everywhereeverywhereThe ceremony of innocence is drowned; The ceremony of innocence is drowned; The best lack all conviction, while the The best lack all conviction, while the worstworstAre full of passionate intensity. Are full of passionate intensity. Surely some revelation is at hand; Surely some revelation is at hand; Surely the Second Coming is at hand. Surely the Second Coming is at hand. The Second Coming! Hardly are those The Second Coming! Hardly are those words outwords out

When a vast image out of When a vast image out of Spiritus MundiSpiritus MundiTroubles my sight: somewhere in the Troubles my sight: somewhere in the sands of the desertsands of the desertA shape with lion body and the head of A shape with lion body and the head of a man, a man, A gaze blank and pitiless as the sun, A gaze blank and pitiless as the sun, Is moving its slow thighs, while all about Is moving its slow thighs, while all about ititReel shadows of the indignant desert Reel shadows of the indignant desert birds. birds. The darkness drops again; but now I The darkness drops again; but now I knowknowThat twenty centuries of stony sleepThat twenty centuries of stony sleepwere vexed to nightmare by a rocking were vexed to nightmare by a rocking cradle, cradle, And what rough beast, its hour come And what rough beast, its hour come round at last,round at last,Slouches towards Bethlehem to be Slouches towards Bethlehem to be born?born?

Apocalypse now!Apocalypse now! After 2000 years, civilization is crumbling and After 2000 years, civilization is crumbling and

a different cycle of history is at handa different cycle of history is at hand

William Wordsworth: Romanticism William Wordsworth: Romanticism Thomas Hardy: VictorianismThomas Hardy: Victorianism Stephen Crane, Jack London: NaturalismStephen Crane, Jack London: Naturalism W.B. Yeats: ModernismW.B. Yeats: Modernism

Two kinds of changeTwo kinds of change

Radical changeRadical change DiscontinuityDiscontinuity RuptureRupture breakbreak

DevelopmentDevelopment ContinuityContinuity BridgeBridge lineline

Golden Bird, 1919/1920, Constantin Golden Bird, 1919/1920, Constantin Brancusi Brancusi

Red Stone Dancer, 1913-14, Red Stone Dancer, 1913-14, Gaudier-Brzeska, Henri. Gaudier-Brzeska, Henri.

Wyndham Lewis, Composition  1913Wyndham Lewis, Composition  1913

Ford Madox Brown, WorkFord Madox Brown, Work

Victorian painting of city scapeVictorian painting of city scape

Picasso, Picasso, Seated Woman with Wrist Seated Woman with Wrist WatchWatch, 1932 , 1932

Victorian portraitVictorian portrait

Picasso, Les Demoiselles d'Avignon. Picasso, Les Demoiselles d'Avignon. 19071907

Dante Gabriel Rossetti, The Bower Dante Gabriel Rossetti, The Bower Meadow.Meadow.

Igor Stravinsky, Igor Stravinsky, Le Sacre du Le Sacre du PrintempsPrintemps

Rhythm: time signaturesRhythm: time signatures

Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, The Farnsworth HouseLudwig Mies van der Rohe, The Farnsworth House(1946 to 1950)(1946 to 1950)

Functionality: glass, concrete, and steelFunctionality: glass, concrete, and steel

Victorian mansion, San Francisco Victorian mansion, San Francisco (1850-1915)(1850-1915)

The Modernist ManifestoThe Modernist Manifesto

The Modernist ManifestoThe Modernist Manifesto

BlastBlast form – content. form – content. T.S. Eliot, ”Tradition and the Individual T.S. Eliot, ”Tradition and the Individual

Talent”Talent” New ideas of poets, poetry, and the pastNew ideas of poets, poetry, and the past

DepersonalisationDepersonalisation

””The progress of an artist is a continnual self-The progress of an artist is a continnual self-sacrifice, a continual extinction of personality” sacrifice, a continual extinction of personality” (2322)(2322)

””Poetry is not a turning loose of emotion, but Poetry is not a turning loose of emotion, but an escape from emotion; it is not the an escape from emotion; it is not the expression of personality, but an escape from expression of personality, but an escape from personality.” (2324)personality.” (2324)

Wordsworth, ”The Preface”Wordsworth, ”The Preface” I have said that poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings: it I have said that poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings: it

takes its origin from emotion recollected in tranquillity: the emotion is takes its origin from emotion recollected in tranquillity: the emotion is contemplated till, by a species of reaction, the tranquillity gradually contemplated till, by a species of reaction, the tranquillity gradually disappears, and an emotion, kindred to that which was before the subject of disappears, and an emotion, kindred to that which was before the subject of contemplation, is gradually produced, and does itself actually exist in the contemplation, is gradually produced, and does itself actually exist in the mind. In this mood successful composition generally begins, and in a mood mind. In this mood successful composition generally begins, and in a mood similar to this it is carried on; but the emotion, of whatever kind, and in similar to this it is carried on; but the emotion, of whatever kind, and in whatever degree, from various causes, is qualified by various pleasures, so whatever degree, from various causes, is qualified by various pleasures, so that in describing any passions whatsoever, which are voluntarily that in describing any passions whatsoever, which are voluntarily described, the mind will, upon the whole, be in a state of enjoyment. If described, the mind will, upon the whole, be in a state of enjoyment. If Nature be thus cautious to preserve in a state of enjoyment a being so Nature be thus cautious to preserve in a state of enjoyment a being so employed, the Poet ought to profit by the lesson held forth to him, and employed, the Poet ought to profit by the lesson held forth to him, and ought especially to take care, that, whatever passions he communicates to ought especially to take care, that, whatever passions he communicates to his Reader, those passions, if his Reader’s mind be sound and vigorous, his Reader, those passions, if his Reader’s mind be sound and vigorous, should always be accompanied with an overbalance of pleasure. should always be accompanied with an overbalance of pleasure.

Modernist Narrative: Virginia Modernist Narrative: Virginia Woolf, ”The Mark on the Wall”Woolf, ”The Mark on the Wall”

What happens? Who, what, where, when?What happens? Who, what, where, when? What happens to narrative? Compare to What happens to narrative? Compare to

premodernist examples of narrative: Jack premodernist examples of narrative: Jack London, Stephen Crane, Thomas HardyLondon, Stephen Crane, Thomas Hardy Story – plotStory – plot Character – characterizationCharacter – characterization ImageryImagery