Fotografa de pgina completa

ftflocteS 7086AIR CONDITIONINGS REFRIGERATION EDUCATION .SYSTEMOperating Instructions And ExperimentsTECHNOVATE01O SOUTHWEST 12TH AVENUE POMPANO BEACH FL 33000 USA CABLE TECHNOVATEL3059404470 1976TECHNOVATE, INC,PRINTED iN U.S.A.

TECHNOVATEPREFACEThe Air conditioning and Refrigeration Learning System, Model 7086, is a unique type of learning system. . Its construction is such as to easily and conveniently allow all phases of an air conditioning or heat puirip cycle to be observed, analyzed, changed or made to malfunction. It is the most efficient way yet to learn the principles of air conditioning and refrigeration.Model 7086 is fully operational and is identical in many aspects to commerical air conditioning and refrigeration equipment using Refrigerant- 12 in a closed compression cycle.Students can see changes taking place in the system. Glass tube "windows" in the inlet, center and outlet sections of the evaporator and condenser coils allow students to observe refrigerant behavior both as a liquid and a gas.Operating conditions may be varied over a broad range by opening and/or closing the valves that are strategically located throughout the learning system. These valves, along with electrical faulting switches, allqw the introduction of operating malfunctions that could conceivably occur in the field. Operating conditions can be varied by changing speeds of the fan motors, under-or overcharging R-12, or introducing excess oil into the system. Students then diagnose and correct these faults.Paired thermometer and pressure gauges are located at strategic points in the cycle. A flowmeter to measure rate of refrigerant flow is located in the liquid line before the metering devices.The student therefore can gather data on what is taking place both electrically and mechanically in the cycle. He can easily understand and master the cycle operation. Theroretical comprehension is further enhanced because the electrical circuit panel is diagrammed completely and the windowed cabinet on the systems reverse side permits this diagram to be related to the actual circuit wiring..

TFTTfNOVATEINTRODUCTIONUSING THE SYSTEMThe Air Conditioning and Refrigeration "Learning System", Model 7086 is a fully operational unit designed for classroom demonstration and student experiments. All components (except the compressor) are mounted on a vertical panel so that their functions and configurations may be studied separately. The learning system complements any good text on air conditioning and refrigeration, including those supplied by the various manufacturers of such equipment. The number and kind of student experiments that can be created are limited only by the ingenuity of the user. The "Learning System" is designed for lecture-demonstrations, for student experimentation, and for learning the diagnosis and correction of a wide range of malfunctions.We believe that technical learning is most effective when the abstract, theoretical principles taught in the classroom are closely matched with the actual physical changes taking place in the system studied. The Air Conditioning and Refrigeration "Learning System" allows the student to see, control, and measure the changes which occur in a typical air conditioning or refrigeration system. Using this equipment the student becomes his own teacher. His observations, tests, and experiments reinforce what he has learned from lectures and textbooks.TEXTBOOKSThis manual parallels the treatment of the subject given in Modern Refrigeration and Air Conditioning, Althouse, Turnquist and Bracciano, the Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc., Homewood, Illinois. This manual may be used with any good text, however, since the same basic principles are covered in most all air conditioning and refrigeration texts.CONDUCTING DEMONSTRATIONSThe Air Conditioning and Refrigeration "Learning System" is perfectly suited for demonstrating the principles of air conditioning and refrigeration to both large and small classes. Some topics that are particularly suited to this type of treatment are:(1) describing components of the system,(2) explaining normal and reverse cycles,(3) explaining temperature-pressure relationships throughout the system,(4) demonstrating heat flow within the system,(5) demonstrating the various malfunctionscommonly encounteredby service technicians.

TECHNOmiE3Chalkboard diagram of the system in various types of operation will help students understand what is happening. The layout of the system on the board makes it easy to draw a schematic diagram with the schematic components in the same relative positions as the "Learning System" components.If the "Learning System" is ued for large classes the students should be allowed to examine the system closely, particularly to see the changes of state occurring in the evaporator and condenser. Experiments can be conducted by listing gauge and meter readings on the chalkboard so that students can make their own calculations.CONDUCTING EXPERIMENTSWhen used for student experiment, one to five persons can use the "Learning System" simultaneously. Three persons operating the "Learning System" is ideal; five persons is maximum. If several persons use the device at once, it is suggested that they divide the duties among themselves as follows:Group Leader conductsthe experimentOperator operatesthe controlsReader (s) readsthegauges and dialsRecorder (s) recordsgauge and dial readingsIf the group contains more than five persons, the excess students should act as data recorders to record gauge and meter readings. The readers should read temperature, pressure, and flow rate readings aloud to the rest of the group.RECORDING DATAThe method and technique of recording data is an important element in learning. The student must learn to make precise observations, evaluate what he has observed, and draw the proper conclusions. For the experiments in this manual, it is suggested that data be recorded in a precise written form for each experiment.In some experiments this may take a narrative form, stating the sequence of events, the time intervals and describing what was observed. In other experiments data should be recorded in tabular form, listing temperature and pressure readings. Later, this tabular data can be plotted in graph form.READING DIALS AND GAUGESTo obtain meaningful data from tests, accurate observations are necessary.Be directly in front of meters and gauges when making readings. Take several and obtain an average reading to record on the data sheet. Allow the unit to operate several minutes in any condition before reading data. This allows the unit time to stabilize.

TECHNOVATE4DEVISING NEW EXPERIMENTSThe demonstrations and experiments suggested in this manual are general and may be tailored to the needs of each class. Instructors can easily develop their own experiments. In any subject there are always a few points that are particularly difficult for students to grasp. Once the instructor has identified such a problem area, he can prepare an experiment that will get right to the heart of the difficulty. Students should als.o be encouraged to devise their own experiments. This requires that the student (1) identify the problem, (2) plan a method of performing the experiment, (3) perform the experiment, and (4) evaluate the results.SAFETYThe Air Conditioning and Refrigeration "Learning System", Model 7086, has beem designed to be as safe as possible both electrically and mechanically. The following are safety features specifically incorporated into the design(1)Main Power "Key" switch.

mElectrical overload protection.

(3)Compressor overload relay.

(4)High and low pressure control switch

(5)Transparent rigid shields over all sight glasses subject to

pressure.

(6)Excess pressure relief on all vessels.

(7)Oil tube is located so as to prevent inadvertent drain-down

below safe operating level.

In addition, most electrical components - including switches, relays and meters - are enclosed in a power panel with a clear plastic cover for viewing with protection.

A-lSightTube,OutsideCoil(inlet; cooling/outlet; heating)A-2SightTube,OutsideCoil(center; cooling/heating)A-3SightTube,OutsideCoil(outlet; cooling/inlet; heating)A-4Sight Tube,FlowmeterA-5Sight Glass, Liquid LineA-6Sight Tube, Refrigerant ReceiverA-7Sight Glass, Compressor SumpA-3Sight Tube,Inside Coil(inlet; cooling/outlet; heating)A-9Sight Tube,Inside Coil(center; cooling/heating)A-10Sight Tube,Inside Coil(outlet; cooling/inlet heating)A-USight Tube,Refrigerant/Oil SeperatorA-12Sight Tube,Oil Receiver8-1Access Fitting, High SideB-2Access Fitting, Low SideCCompressor0DrierFFlowmeter, Liquid LineG-lGauge,Outside Coil(inlet1; cool ing/out let heating)G-2Gauge,Outside Coil(outlet; cooling/inlet heating)G-3Gauge,Inside Coil(inlet; cooling/outlet heating)G-4Gauge,Inside Coil(outlet; cooling/inlet; heating)H-lFusiblePlug,RefrigerantffeceiverH-2FusiblePlug,Oil ReceiverH-3FusiblePlug,SeperatorIInside Coil0OutsideCoilQ . ReversingValveR-lReceiver,RefrigerantR-2Receiver,OilR-3 Seperator, Oil/RefrigerantT-lThermometer, Outside Coil(inlet; cooling/outlet; heating) T-2 Thermometer, Outside Coil(outlet; cooling/inlet; heating)G 4

T-3T-4U-lU-2 iV-lV-2V-3V-4V-5V-6v-;V-8V-9V-10wX, z-1Z-2Thermometer, Inside Coil (inlet; cooling/outlet; heating) Thermometer, Inside Coil (outlet; cooling/inlet; heating)Check Valve'Check ValveValve, Refrigerant Receiver By-Pass Valve, Refrigerant Receiver Inlet Valve, Refrigerant Receiver Outlet Valve, Capillary Metering (Cooling Only)Valve, Thermostatic Expansion (Cooling Only)Valve, Seperator Inlet Valve, Seperator By-Pass Valve, Seperator Outlet Valve, Oil Receiver Inlet Valve, Oil Receiver OutletRemote Bulb (TXV)Thermostatic Expansion Valve Strainer (Cooling Cycle)Strainer (Heating Cycle)Figure 1Y- Capillary Feed tube

Figure 2

n-iAmmeter

H-eWattmeter

M-3Voltmeter

S-lKey Lock Switch

5-2Toggle Switch

5-3Hi-Lo Range Switch (Wattmeter)

S-4Std-Back emf Switch (Voltmeter)

S-5Inside Coil Fan Speed Switch (u-M-H)

S-6Outside Coil Far Speed Switch (L-M-H)Figure 3

S-7Low Pressure Control

S-8High Pressure ControlJ-l Fan and Motor

S-9Thermostat(Outside Coil)

S-l 0Start Capacitor Take-J-2 Fan and Kotor

Out Switch (Momentary)(Inside Coil)

S-12Compressor Thermal OverloadK Electrical Panel

S-l 3Reverse Cycle Solenoid

S-l 4Start RelayF Flowmeter

TECHNOVATE7DESCRIPTIONGENERAL DESCRIPTIONThe Air Conditioning and'Refrigeration "Learning System" is a complete, closed compression cycle system, operating with refrigerant R-12. The system is comparable to the most common commercial refrigeration and air conditioning systems and can be reverse-cycled to demonstrate heat pump operation. Both refrigerant and oil can be added or removed from the system by using storage reservoirs to demonstrate the effect of undercharging or overcharging the system. Sets of paired temperature and pressure gauges measure the conditions of the refrigerant at critical points in the cycle. Valves located at strategic positions allow a wide range of operating conditions. The components of the system are described in the following paragraphs. The letters in parentheses after component names refer to the index letters in figures 1, 2, and 3. Detailed specifications for the components are found in the Appendix.MAJOR COMPONENTSCOMPRESSOR (A). The compressor is anelectric motor driving a pump; thisassembly is hermetically sealed (airtight)in a metal shell. The pump compresses theR-12 gas from a low temperature and pressureto a high temperature and pressure. A specialsight glass (bullseye sight glass) has beenadded to the front of the compressore toallow observation of the oil level and showthe compatibility of R-12 with oil. Theoil line is located in the compressor sumpin a position to insure that minimum oilrequirement is maintained (20 ounces; 0.59!.)CONDENSER (B). The condenser (outside coil)is a device that removes heat from the refrig-erant. (Assuming "cool" condition of thesystem). It is basically a heat-exchange unit.As heat is removed from the refrigerant gas, itcondenses into a liquid. This action can beseen through the sight glass tubes at the top,center, and bottom of the coil. When thesystem is in operation, the refrigerant flows

TECHNOWTE8through the coil (from top to bottom) transferring heat to the fins. The fins transfer the heat to the surrounding air. A variable speed fan provides the air flow over the coil, thus speeding up the heat transfer.

MOISTURE AND LIQUID INDICATOR (C). This indicator is a sightglass with a chemical dot inside. When moisture is presentin the system, the dot changes color as follows:Green dry systemChartreuse cautionYellow wet systemThe sight glass is also used to watch for bubbles in therefrigerant. Presence of bubbles often indicates a shortageof refrigerant or restriction in liquid line.FLOWMETER (D). The flowmeter shows how much refrigerant isflowing through the system. The meter is a conical, graduat-ed glass tube containing a steel ball. The more refrigerantflowing through the system, the higher the ball is forced inthe glags tube. The meter is read by sighting the graduationson the glass with respect to the center line of the ball. Notethat the flow of refrigerant can be controlled by minutely adjust-ing valve V-4 or V-5, depending on metering device used.DRIER (E) The drier in the liquid line removes moisture, acid,and dirt from the refrigerant. The unit consists of a screenmesh filter to collect dust and dirt, and beads of silica gelwhich absorb water. After extended operation, or if therefrigerant is contaminated, the filter may become clogged,reducing or stopping the flow of refrigerant. If the silicagel becomes saturated, the color dot in the moisture andliquid indicator (C) will turn yellow. When this occurs, thefilter-drier must be replaced.

CAPILLARY FEED TUBE (and strainer) (Fand W). The capillary feed tube (some-times called cap tube")is the simplestof metering devices. Basically, it isnothing more than a deliberate restrict-ion in the- liquid line - a small-diametersection of tubing or a calibrated insidediameter and length. The cap tube of theLearning System is used for reverse cycleoperation as well. On most units thelength of the capillary is matched tothe capacity of the evaporator andcompressor. In this system, the capillary

TECHNOmiE9tubes are purposely made to permit extra flow of refrigerant so that flow may be throttled down (with V-4) to stimulate a clogged or frozen line or to create frostlines of varying lengths. A strainer at each end prevents clogging of capillary tube by foreign matter.n=^

THERMOSTATIC EXPANSION FEED VALVE(TEV or TXV) (G). The thermostaticexpansion valve is a precision devicewhich serves the same purpose as thecapillary tube - it meters the flowof refrigerant into the evaporator.The system can be switched from capil-lary operation to thermostatic expans-ion valve operation by opening V-5and closing V-4. A temperature-sens-ing bulb (U) located on the evaporatoroutlet line detects ths temperature ofthe gas leaving the evaporator. Thebulb contains R-12 under pressure. Achange in temperature of the bulb changesthe pressure in the tube. This pressureacts on a diaphragm inside the valve.Movement of the diaphragm opens orcloses the valve, controlling the flowof refrigerant into the evaporator. Themaximum flow may also be manually adjust-ed by an adjusting (superheat) screw.EVAPORATOR (H). The evaporator (inside coil) is identical to the condenser except it operates in the reverse. (Assuming "cool" condition of the system). The liquid refrigerant evaporates (changes to a gas), and in so doing absorbs heat from the tubes and fins. The tubes and fins in turn absorb heat from the air passing over them cooling the air. The amount of heat lost by the air is the amount of .heat absorbed by the refriger ant as it passes through the evaporator.TANKS, VALVES, AND GAUGESLIQUID REFRIGERANT RECEIVER TANK (J). This tank is a storage reservoir for surplus refrigerant. By opening or closing the valves, refrigerant can be added to or withdrawn from the system to overcharge or undercharge the system.This is a convenient way to demonstrate the effects of these conditions. The tank has a glass sight gauge to show refrigerant level and a fusible plug pressure relief,

rmOIL AND REFRIGERANT ACCUMULATOR TANK (K). If theevaporator is flooded, the excess liquid refriger-ant (mixed with oil) is discharged into the tank.This tank prevents liquid from entering the com-pressor (which can only compress gas) and allowsthe refrigerant to boil off, separating it fromthe oil. Oil is then drained off to the oil storagetank (L)OIL STORAGE TANK (L). This tank is a duplicate ofthe oil and refrigerant accumulator tank (K). Itstores oil in excess of that required to operatethe system. This excess oil (not needed in acommercial air conditioning unit) is used todemonstrate what occurs when too much oil isintroduced into a refrigeration system.REVERSING VALVE (M). This pilotoperated, 4-way valve reversesthe cycle to demonstrate use ofthe system as a heat pump ratherthan an air conditioner. Thisvalve is activated by switch S-9.ELECTRICAL SYSTEM PANEL DIAGRAM(N). The electrical panel islaid out in schematic order.Most of the components occupy thesame position on the board as theydo in the schematic diagram. The diagram lines on the panel show circuitlayout. The back side of this panel is windowed (see Z) to show the wiring.REFRIGERANT DISCHARGE OUTLET (Valve) (0) , REFRIGERANT CHARGE INLET (Valve)(Q). These valves are for adding or removing refrigerant from the systemand would be used if the refrigerant became contaminated or if leaks occurin the system. These valves may also be used to demonstrate charging andpurging a refrigeration system.VALVES (V). Valves are located throughout the system to control the flowof refrigerant. The functions of these valves are tabulated in "OPERATINGPROCEDURES."PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE GAUGES (P and T). These indicators are paired sothat pressure and temperature conditions can be determined at four criticallocations in the refrigeration cycle.

P-l, T-l P-2, T-2 P-3, T-3 P-4, T-4Compressor discharge and condenser inlet.Condenser outlet and expansion valve inlet.Evaporator inlet and expansion valve outlet,Evaporator outlet and compressor suction.

TECHNOmTECompound pressure gaugesused at P-l through P-5.These gauges indicate bothsuction and pressureand read from 30 inches ofmercury vacuum up to 200psig. These gauges aremarked on the inner scaleto show R-12 temperature*

Temperature gauges are mounted withtheir probes immersed in the refrigerantstream to insure sensitive, accuratereadings.CONDENSATE COLLECTOR TRAYS (R)*These trays collectwaterwhich condensesonthe coils. The amount ofwaterwhich condenses in agiventime period canbeused for study purposes.The trays drain into a reservoirin back of the unit(see X).'OTHER SYSTEM COMPONENTSSWITCHES (S). Electrical switches are used to control the compressor motor, the operation of solenoid valves, and to simulate faults in the system. The functions of these switches are tabulated in "OPERATING PROCEDURES."CONDENSATE RESERVOIR (X). The reservoir is used for storing atmospheric condensate collected from coils in collector trays (R).ELECTRICAL CORD (Y). The electrical cord is standard 3-wire with grounded male plug,WINDOWED ELECTRICAL CABINET (Z). The rear of the electrical panel is closed with a clear plexiglass sheet for easy student identification of electrical components and circuitry.

TECHNOmiE12REFRIGERANTThe system uses refrigerant-12 (popularly known as R-12) as designated by the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air Conditioning Engineers' Standards. It is dichlorodifluoromethane (CCI2F2), end is one of the most widely used commercial refrigerants today. This popularity is due to its suitability for use in the vapor compression cycle.The thermodynamic properties of R-12 are given in E.I. du Pont de Nemours Co. Bulletin No. T-12S. Briefly, R-12 boils at -21.7F at atmospheric pressure, and condenses at moderate pressures under normal operating temperatures. The fact that R-12 has a relatively small heat of vaporization value is not a serious disadvantage. In fact, in small systems the greater weight of refrigerant R-12 which must be circulated is a decided advantage in that it permits closer control of the liquid. Even in a large system, the reduction in compressor displacement by using refrigerant 22 or 500 is not important.The safety properties of refrigerant R-12 are a matter of record with such organizations as the American Standards Association (ASA B9 Safety Code) and the National Board of Fire Underwriters. In fact, refrigerant R-12 is considered safe, non-toxic, non flammable and non-explosive. Furthermore, it is a highly stable compound, even under extreme operating conditions. It will, however, break down into a dangerous gas (phosgene) if brought into contact with an open flame or an electrical heating element.The effects of moisture present a great problem. Halocarbons hydrolyze slightly, and will form small amounts of acids. The amount of moisture must be maintained below the level which would cause freeze-ups, which generally is a safe level to prevent corrosion. Dryers installed in a closed circuit have proven very satisfactory.Oil is miscible (mixes) with refrigerant R-12 at all normal operating conditions. In liquid lines the oil-refrigerant mix flows without any problem.Gas lines must be designed to operate at a velocity that will carry the oil along. The minimum velocity in vertical upflow suction lines, to assure oil flow with gas flow, has been found to be 1,000 feet per minute.Leak detection is done in three ways. The old reliable soap bubble test works well, as all portions of the refrigerant R-12 system can be pressurized. For very small leaks, either a halide torch or an electronic tester may be used.When shipped from the factory, the Model 7086 Air Conditioning and Refrigeration "Learning System" has the following amount of R-12 and oil.Normal charge of refrigerant R-12 26ounces(0.774)Extra refrigerant R-12 in receiver 26 ounces (0.774)Normal charge of oil Extra oil in receiver storage20 ounces (0.594) 16 ounces (0.424)

TECHNOVATE13OPERATIONMODES OF OPERATIONThe Air Conditioning and Refrigeration "Learning System" operates in three general modes of operation: normal capillary cooling, thermostatis expansion valve cooling, and capillary tube reverse cycle heating. In addition, both oil and/or refrigerant can be added to, or removed from, the system by connecting respective storage reserviors to the system.INSTALLATIONConnect the system to a 115-volt, single-phase, 60 hertz, 3-wire source by means of the cord and plug (Y) furnished. This power source should be protected for 25 amperes service with a time delay fuse or circuit breaker. If the system is supplied for other voltage/phase/hertz connect accordingly.CONTROLSSwitches and valves used to control the operating modes of the system are described in figures 4 and 5. Figure 6 tabulates the positions of these controls for the various modes of operation. Normally, all valves are opened or closed to a light stop. However, all valves can be opened or closed to minutely regulate refrigerant flow at any part of the cycle.PRE-START INSTRUCTIONSBefore starting, set all valves and switches to the positions listed in figure 6 under the column heading "prestart". With the valves and switches in prestart position, open the valves indicated in the table for the mode of operation desired.

TECHNOmTE14SWITCHFUNCTION

S-lKey lock switch to prevent unauthorized use. Turn clockwise to energize main power lines.

S-2Main power switch and 25 ampere circuit breaker. When placed in the up position (on), supplies power to all components.

S-3Wattmeter range selector switch. Selects high or low wattmeter range. CAUTION: Keep switch in HIGH POWER position during normal operation to prevent damage to meter mechanism. Switch to low range only if wattmeter reading on high range is below 750 watts.

S-4-Voltmeter mode select switch. Connects the voltmeter to measure either LINE VOLTAGE or BACK EMF

S-5S-6Fan speed selector switches for condenser and evaporator. Switches have four positions: off (0), low (L), medium (M), high (H).

S-7Low pressure cut-out control. Stops compressor if low side pressure falls below 7 psi (48 KPA)

S-8High pressure cut-out control. Stops compressor if high side pressure exceeds 225 psi (1550 KPA).

S-9Reversecycle thermostat switch. When placed in warmer position, switch activates the solenoid (S-13) in the reversing valve (M( which reverses refrigerant flow for reverse cycle operation.

S-IOCompressor power switch. Starts and stops compressor motor and lights indicator lamp.

S-llStart capacitor switch. Normally closed momentarily open push button switch for taking the start capacitor electrically out of the circuit.

S-12Automatic compressor thermal overload relay. Stops compressor if motor becomes overheated. Located in compressor electrical outlet box.

S-13Solenoid which operates the four-way reversing valve (M). Solenoid is energized by switch S-9.

Figure 4. Switch Functions

TECHNOVATES315VALVEFUNCTION

V-lLiquid refrigerant receiver tank bypass valve. Open to bypass liquid refrigerant.receiver tank.

V-2Receiver inlet valve. Open to pump refrigerant into reservoir.

V-3Receiver outlet valve. Open to pump refrigerant out of reservoir and into system.

V-4Normal cycle capillary selector valve. Open to select normal cycle capillary tube operation. NOTE : This valve can be used as a metering valve to change rate of refrigerant through capillary. This in effect simulates changing the length of the capillary.

V-5Thermostatic expansion valve selector valve. Open to select thermostatic expansion valve operation.

V-6Accumulator inlet valve. Open to bypass accumulator tank.

V-7Accumulator bypass valve. Open to bypass accumulator tank.

V-8Accumulator outlet valve. Open to allow liquid refrigerant to boil off and return to the system as a gas.

V-9Accumulator oil drain valve. Open to allow oil to drain from accumulator tank to oil storage tank.

V-10Oil storage tank outlet valve. Open to add oil to system.

Figure 5. Valve Functions

16SWITCH OR VALVESWITCH OR VALVE POSITION FOR OPERATING MODE .. 1

No.NamePre.startNormalCapillaryNormalTXVReverseCycleStop3

V-lReceiver Bypassclosedopen. closed.open/closedclosed

V-2Receiver Inletclosedclosedopenopen/closed3open

V-3Receiver Outletclosedclosedopenopen/closedclosed

V-4Capillary Controlclosedopenclosedclosedclosed

V-5TXV Controlclosedclosedopenopen/closedopen

V-6Accumulator Inletclosedclosedclosedopen

V-7Accumulator Bypassclosedopenopenopenclosed

V-8Accumulator Outletclosedclosedclosedclosedclosed

V-9Oil Drainclosedclosedclosedclosedclosed

V-10Oil Outlet/Returnclosedclosedclosedclosedclosed

V-llR/V checkAAAAA

V-12R/C checkAAAAA

S-lKey LockCCW(off)CW(on)CCW(off)

S-2Main Powerdown(off)up(on)down(off)

S-3Wattmeter SelectHIGH POWER

S-4Voltmeter SelectLINE VOLTAGE

S-5Condenser Fan0 (off)as desiredHigh (H) or Medium (M)0 (off)

S-6Evaporator Fan0 (off)as desiredHigh (H) or Medium (M)0 (off)

S-7Low pressure ContAAAA AAAAAA

S-8High Pressure ContAAAA A AAAAA

S-9Thermostatcool(CW)cool(CW) cool(CW)heat(CCW)either (CW or CCW)

S-10Compressoronon on.onoff

S-11Start CapacitorAAAAAA AAAAAAAA

Figure 6. Valve and Switch Positions for Operating Mode

TECHNOmTE17NOTES FOR FIGURE SIX*Check valve - opens automaticallywhen required**Normally closed contacts - no attentionrequired.***Normally closed - momentary open - usedfor faultingAlways energize the electrical system from left to right on the panel and de-energize from right to left.1. Positionkey-lock switch S-l clockwise (on) and observe that onlythe large Red panel lamp is lit indicating power available. If any meters or other pilot lights are energized, turn S-l counterclockwise (off) and repeat the prestart settings in figure 6.2. Flip main power switch S-2 up(on). Voltmeter should indicateapproximately 115 volts (or line voltage if other than 115-V).CAUTIONDO NOT OPERATE WITH LESS THAN 103 VOLTS OR MORE THAN 126 VOLTS.3. Positionfan motor switch S-5to M (medium). Verify that condenserfan operates at medium speed.4. Positionfan motor switch S-5to L (low). Verify that fan nowoperates at low speed.5. Positionfan motor switch S-5to H (high). Verifythat condenserfan operates at high speed.NOTEAmmeter should read below 1 amp and wattmeter should read approximately 75 watts (see step 7)6. Repeat above procedure for fan motor switch S-6.NOTEBoth fans are now operating. Ammeter should read below 2 amps and wattmeter should read approximately 150 watts (see step 7).7. Positionwattmeter switch S-3to LOW POWER to testwattmeter on lowscale and then return switch S-3 to HIGH POWER before continuing.8. Positionswitch S-10 up (on). Compressor indicator light (IL-5) isnow energized. Compressor should now be functioning and the needle on pressure gauges P-l and P-2 should start going up. The needle on pressure gauges P-3, and P-4 should start going down. When operating in reverse cycle, gauges will respond in opposite sense, as high and low pressure sides of unit change positions.

TECHNOWTE189. Allow system to run for 5 minutes. Close valve V-4 until no bubbles are present in moisture indicator, flowmeter and the bottom tube on the condenser is full of refrigerant. Open valve V-4 slowly until a flow rate of 1.0 to 1.5 P.P.M. is indicated on the flowmeter. Gauges F-l and P-2 should read between 120/140 psig; if not open V-3 to allow more refrigerant into the system. Close V-3. Allow a few minutes for system to settle. Repeat until desired pressure is obtained. If too much pressure is obtained, slowly open V-2 and bleed off desired amount of refrigerant into reserve tank.ADDING AND REMOVING REFRIGERANTOperate the system for about 5 minutes in normal cycle capillary operation (see figure 6). Add refrigerant to the system by opening valve V-3. When sufficient refrigerant has been added (to fill sight glass) close valve.To remove refrigerant from the system, slowly open V-2 and bleed off the excess refrigerant into the reservoir. It is recommended that the sight glass of the reservoir be marked to show when a normal charge is in the system. This will make it easy to return to normal charge if the system is over - or undercharged.ADDING AND REMOVING OILTo add oil to the system, momentarily open valves V-6 and V-9 so that the pressure in the accumulator and oil reservoir is equal to suction line pressure. Close valve V-4 and V-5, when suction line pressure is between 10 psi and. 0 psi, open valve V-10. Oil will flow from the oil reservoir to the compressor crankcase. When the oil has been added, close V-10 and open V-4 or V-5. Iffoam appears in the bullseye,there is somerefrigerantin the oil and it isboiling out. This isa normal reaction; observe thatthe R-12 and oil arecompletely miscible.To remove excess^ oilfrom the system closeV-4 andV7; open V-8and V-9.After 15-30 seconds slowly open V-10. After the desired amount of oil has been removed close V-10, V-8 and V-9; open V-7SHUTDOWN INSTRUCTIONSThese instruction apply when system is in "cooling" mode of operation. Pjosition valves as follows:V-2, V-5,.V-6OPENcounterclockwise to alightstopV-l, V-3, V-4)V-7, V-8, V-9)CLOSEclockwise to a lightstop.V-10)

TECHNOmTE

19

Allow refrigerant level to build up in liquid refrigerant receiver tank (J), compressor may stop if low side pressure drops below 7 psi (48 KPA); then close V-2. Position switches as follows and in the indicated sequence (right to left)Valves V-l through V-10 can be adjusted to regulate refrigerant flow asnecessary. In normal practice, most valves are left fully open or fullyclosed.The high pressure cut-out switch (S-8) stops the compressor if the highside pressure exceeds the cut-out setting and restarts when the pressuredrops.below the cut-in setting. This switch has been preset to stop thecompressor motor at 225 psig (1550 KPA). Higher pressures may damagebourdon tubes in the pressure gauges. The low pressure cut-out switch(S7) stops the compressor if the low side pressure fails below 7 psigS-10S-6S-5S-2S-lDown (off)0 (off)0 (off)Down (off)Counterclockwise (off)MANUAL ADJUSTMENTS(48 KPA).

technowte20DEMONSTRATIONS AND EXPERIMENTSINTRODUCTIONDemonstrations and experiments in this section are in three categories: demonstrations for large classes illustrating basic principles, general experiments for shop or lab designed* to familiarize students with fundamentals, and servicing experiments designed to teach a logical approach to troubleshooting in the field. The demonstrations require observation by students but no calculations. The general experiments require data recording, calculations and evaluation. Servicing experiments show the cause and effect relationships of various types of malfunctions.DEMONSTRATIONSDEMONSTRATION 1 - Capillary Tube Operation (Normal Cycle)PURPOSE :To show how the system operates with a capillary tube meteringdevice.PROCEDURE :(1) Startthesystemusingthestarting procedure for normal cyclecapillary tube operation. Allow unit to run for 5 minutes to stabilize.(2)Observe refrigerant flow rate at flowmeter (D) and the temperaturepressure of the refrigerant entering and leaving the evaporator(T-3, P-3, T-4, and P-4).(3) Operate evaporator fan at various speeds and observe charge in temperature and pressure.DISCUSSION :All elements of the system can be seen in operation. Mosttextbook discussions start at some point in the cycle and follow the refrigerant around the closed loop. The cycle can be demonstrated using this same sequence. The condition of the refrigerant is shown by temperature and pressure readings at critical points in the cycle. Condensation and evaporation can be seen taking place through the sight glasses.DEMONSTRATION 2 - Thermostatic Expansion Valve Operation (TXV)PURPOSE :Toshowhowthesystemoperatesusingathermostaticexpansionvalve metering device.PROCEDURE :(1) Startthe system using the procedure for thermostatic expansionvalve operation. Allow the unit to run for 5 minutes to stabilize.

TECHNOVATE21(2) Observerefrigerant flowrate on the flowmeter(d), and thetemperature and pressure of the refrigerant entering and leaving theevaporator (T-3,P-3 and T-4, P-4).(3) Operatefan at various speeds and observe changes in flow rate,temperatures and pressures.DISCUSSION :Thethermostatic expansion valve controls the flow of refrigerantin response to temperature changes of the sensor bulb. Warmer temperature causes the valve to open, cooler temperature causes the valve to close. When the fan speed is increased, the temperature load of the evaporator is raised, and the valve opens to let more refrigerant flow through.DEMONSTRATION 3 - Reverse Cycle OperationPURPOSE :To showreverse cycle or"heat pump" operation(capillary tubeonly).PROCEDURE :(1) Start system using the starting procedure for normal cycle expansion valve operation. Allow the unit to run until cold air comes from the evaporator.(2) Insure that V-4 is closed. Move thermostat (S-9) knob from "cooler" to "warmer".(3) Observe reversal of refrigerant flow through sight glasses and note that functions of the condenser and evaporator are reversed.(4) Observe temperature and pressure changes in the system.Note : Flowmeter (D) is not in the circuit so flow rate is not observed.DISCU.SSION : Reverse cycle operation reverses the functions of the insidecoil (evaporator) and outside coil (condenser), The cycle is actually the same but the refrigerant is rerouted. Nothing in the cycle has changed except the intended use of the system; i.e., heating is desired in this case instead of cooling.DEMONSTRATION 4 - Heat, Cold and TemperaturePURPOSE :To demonstrate the concepts and heat, cold, and temperature withrespect to air conditioning and refrigeration systems.PROCEDURE :(1) Start the unit using the procedure for normal cycle capillary tube operation. Allow the unit to run for 5 minutes to stabilize.(2) Record the temperature at each measuring point in the system.(3) Place a thermometer in front of both evaporator and condenser, and measure temperature of air.

DISCUSSION :Heatisa form of energy evidenced by molecular motion. Coldis the absence of heat. Temperature is an arbitrarily selected scale to measure the level of heat energy. A change in temperature indicates a gain or loss of heat energy. Heat only flows from a body of higher temperature to a body of lower temperature (second Law of Thermodynamics) Heat eneters the system through the evaporator and through the compressor in the form of electrical energy. Heat leaves the system through the condenser and through heat losses in the pipes. When the gas is compressed, energy is added to the gas by the motor (heat of compression) This same heat is removed in the condenser.DEMONSTRATION 5 - Changes of StatePURPOSE :Todemonstratetheconceptofchange from liquid state to gas stateand back to liquid state.PROCEDURE :Start the unit using the procedure for normal cycle capillarytube. Allow the unit to run for 5 minutes to stabilize.Close valve V-4 slowly until the temperature on T-4 is exactlyequal to the temperature of T-3 (phase change at constanttemperature, i.e., no superheat).Record the temperatures and pressures entering and leaving boththe condenser and the evaporator.DISCUSSION : Of the three states of matter, solid, liquid and gas, only 'the liquid gas states are important in refrigeration and air conditioning.A refrigerant is chosen for several reasons, one of which is the temperature that it changes from liquid to gas (boiling point). Changes of state are the result of heat energy transfer to or from the refrigerant Addition of heat from the air causes boiling; extraction of heat to the air causes condensation. The temperature at which this process takes place is related to the pressure. A vapor which is evaporating from or condensing to its liquid state is said to be a "saturated" vapor. These temperature-pressure relationships for R-12 are given here for reference.(D(2)(3)DEMONSTRATION 6 - Specific Heat, Sensible Heat, Latent Heat, and SuperheatPURPOSE :To demonstrate the concepts of specific heat, sensible heat, latentheat and superheat.PROCEDURE :(1) Startthe unit using the procedure for normal cycle capillarytube operation. Allow the unit to run for 5 minutes to stabilize.(2) Closevalve V-4 slowly until temperature T-4 is exactly the sameas T-3 (no superheat).(3) CloseV-4 further until there is a 20-degree temperature differencebetween T-3 and T-4 (20 degree superheat).

TECHNOVATE 23DISCUSSION :Specificheat is a measure of how much heat a fixed amount ofa certain substance can hold. Specific heat is normally measured in terms of the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of one pound of a substance one degree Fahrenheit without changing state (Btu/pound). Sensible heat is any amount of heat added or subtracted to a substance to raise or lower the temperature without changing state. Latent heat is the amount of heat required to change state without changing temperature. Superheat is merely sensible heat added to the gas after it has evaporated. The heat being absorbed by the evaporator consists of two parts:(1) that due to the latent heat, and (2) thatdue to sensible heat (superheat) added. The heat being absorbed by the evaporator can be calculated as follows:heat absorbed = (flow rate)(latent heat) + (flow rate) (specific heat) (sensible heat)

TECHNOVATE24GENERAL EXPERIMENTSEXPERIMENT 1 - Determination of SuperheatPURPOSE :To determine how to measure superheat; to assess the factorscontrolling the amount of superheat; to learn the effects of superheat.PROCEDURE :(1) Start the system using the starting procedures for normal cycle capillary operation. Allow the unit to run for 5 minutes to stabilize. Turn evaporator fan to low. Condenser fan to medium or high.(2) Close valve V-4 slowly until the temperature of T-4 reads the same as T-3. In this condition there is no superheat in the evaporator.(3) Turn evaporator fan to medium. After two minutes record temperature; T-3 and T-4. The temperature difference is the amount of superheat added to the vapor.(4) Open V-4 slowly until T-3 and T-4 have the same temperature.Turnfan speed to high. Record the readings and repeat the procedure switching fan to high.(5) Close V-4 until temperature differential is40F. Letunit runfor10 minutes in this condition.EVALUATION :Superheat is additional heat (sensible heat) added after theliquid is completely evaporated. The superheat of the vapor can be changed either by changing the refrigerant flow with valve V-4 or the air flow over the evaporator coil. Tabulate the temperature reading and determine superheat for each condition (T4 minus T-3). Calculate the amount of heat added per hour to the system as superheat.Heat added - (flow rate)(specific heat) (temperature change)EXPERIMENT2 - Work, Energy and PowerPURPOSE:To determine the power requirements for thesystem.PROCEDURE :(1) Operate only the fans (high speed) and recordthe wattmeter reading(2) Start the system using the precedure for normal cyclecapillaryoperation and allow it to run for 5 minutes to stabilize.(3) Read and record the wattmeter reading.(4) Subtract the wattmeter reading for fans (step1) fromwattmeterreading (step 3), Convert watts to both horsepower and Btu/minute.

EVALUATION :Energy is the capacity to do work. Work is defined as force(mechanical energy) multiplied by the distance traveled. Work can be expressed as mechanical work (foot-pound) or heat work (Etu).Power is the time rate of doing work (foot-pound per minute, Btu per minute). The wattmeter reading, less the power drawn by the fans, is the power being drawn by the compressor motor. This is the heat energy (except for friction and other losses) being added to the system.EXPERIMENT 3 - Condenser Heat RejectionPURPOSE :To calculate the heat (Btu/min) rejected by the condenser into theair.PROCEDURE :(1) Start the system using the procedure for normal cycle capillary operation. Allow the unit to run for 5 minutes to stabilize.(2) Measure the average velocity of air passing over the condenser with a pitot tube or velocimeter. Take numerous readings to get a good average,(3) Measure the temperature of the air entering and leaving the condenser.(4) Calculate the pounds per minute of air flowing past the condenser as follows:a. cu ft/min=(air velocity) (area of fan)b. lb air/min=(cu ft/min) (density of air)c. density of air =0.075 Ib/cu ft(5) Calculate heat rejected by the condenser as follows:a. heat rejected=(lb air/min)(specific heat of air)(temperature difference of air)b. heat rejected=Btu/minc. specfic heat of air -0.24Btu/lb/F(6) Check this answer by determining the heat rejection in anothermanner as follows:RecordT-l, P-l, T-2, P-2 and refrigerantflow rate.(7) Calculate heat rejected as follows:a. heat rejected=(latent heat) + (sensible heat)b. latent heat=(latent heat of vaporization)(flow rate)c. sensible heat=(specific heat vapor)(flow rate)(temperature difference) + (specific heat liquid) (flow rate)(temperature difference)

TECHNOWTE26EVALUATION :Heat is transferred from the hot refrigerant vapor to thecondenser tubes and fins and finally to the air. In steps 2 through 5, this rate of heat rejection is calculated by measuring the amount of heat picked up by the air. In steps 6 and 7,the rate of heat rejection is calculated by measuring the amount of heat given up by the refrigerant. Differences between the two values obtained can be due to several factors:un-measured heat loss from the tubing leadingto and from the condenser, inaccuracies in measuring air flow rate and/ or temperature.EXPERIMENT 4 - Evaporator Heat AbsorptionPURPOSE :To calculate the heat (Btu/min) absorbed by the evaporator from theair.PROCEDURE :(1) The procedure is essentially the same as in experiment 3 except that measurements are made at the evaporator.(2) Compare the results of this experiment with the results of experiment 3.EVALUATION :The same principles apply in evaporator heat absorption as incondenser heat rejection (experiment 3) except that the process is reversed. Theoretically, in a completely insulated system, the difference between the heat given off by the condenser and the heat gained by the evaporator would be the energy added to the system to run the compressor. That is, the condenser heat loss should be the sum of the evaporator heat absorption plus the watts needed to run the compressor motor.EXPERIMENT 5 - Evaporator Heat Absorption (Alternate Method)PURPOSE :To calculate evaporator heat absorption by a different method.PROCEDURE :(1) Using a psychrometric chart, determine the change in total heat content (Btu/lb of dry air) using the wet bulb readings entering and leaving the evaporator. The total heat content is the difference in enthalpy between the entering and leaving wet bulb temperatures.(2) Change the Btu/lb of dry air to Btu per cubic foot of dry air by multiplying the Btu/lb of dry air by the specif density (lb/ cu ft) of the air.The specific density (Ib/cu ft and dry air) is the reciprocal of the specific volume. The specific volume can be obtained from a psychrometric chart using the wet and dry bulb temperatures of the leaving air.

TECHNOWTE27(3) Multiply the cu ft/min by the change in total heat content across the evaporator expressed in Btu/cu ft of dry air to determine the Btu/min.heat absorption = (cu ft/min) (Btu/cu ft)EVALUATION :Thisexperiment is similar to experiment 3,steps 2 through 5,exceptthat the psychrometric chart makesallowancefor moisture in theair.EXPERIMENT 6 - Time to Reach Steady StatePURPOSE :To determine how long it takes the system to reach stead-stateconditions.PROCEDURE :(1) If thesystem isin use, turn off system and allowitto sit idlefor at least one-half hour.(2) Record all temperature andpressure readings, prior to start-up.(3) Start the system in normalcycle, capillary tube operation andrecord all temperature, pressure and flow readings every 30 seconds for 5 minutes.(4) Plot agraph foreach gauge showing temperatureorpressure on thevertical scale and time on the horizontal scale.EVALUATION :Eachtime a change is made in theoperationsystem, it takes acertaintimefor the system to stabilize.When thesystem is stabilized,heat flow is steady, neither increasing nor decreasing.EXPERIMENT7 - Thermostatic ExpansionValve OperationPURPOSE:To show the operation of athermostatic expansion valve, the effectof evaporator and condenser air flow variations.PROCEDURE :(1) Start the systemusing the procedure for normalcycle,thermostaticexpansion valve operation. Turn both fans to high.(2) After 5 minutes warmup time, record the readings on the following gauges every 30 seconds for 5 minutes: flow meter, P-2, P-3, T-2, T-3.(3) Switch the evaporator fan from high to medium, then to low. Leave the switch in each position for 5 minutes and record readings on the flow meter, P-2, P-3, T-2, and T-3 every 30 seconds.(4) Plot a graph of each gauge and the flow meter showing flow rate or pressure on the vertical scale and time on the horizontal scale. Plot all graphs on a common time scale.

TECHNOVATE28EVALUATION :Thethermostaticexpansionvalveopensandcloses,increasingor decreasing refrigerant flow in response to the temperature changes of the sensor bulb.EXPERIMENT 8 - Determination of EfficiencesPURPOSE :To determine the volumetric efficiency and the coefficient ofperformance of the system.PROCEDURE :(1) Start thesystem using the procedure for normal cyclecapillaryoperation. Allow the system to run for 5 minutes to stabilize.(2) Determinevolumetric efficiency (percent) as follows:volumetric efficiency = (actual volume pumped) (100)theoretical volume pumped= lb/min(pump displacement)(rpm)Volume actually pumped can be obtained directly from,the flowmeter. Theoretical volume pumped is obtained by multiplying the pump displacement by the rpm of the motor.(3) Determinethe coefficient of performance as follows:coefficient of performance = refrigerant effectcompressor power= (flow rate)(enthalpy change) wattsFlow rate and watts can be obtained directly from the flowmeter and wattmeter. Watts are converted to Btu/min by multiplying by 0.05692 Btu/min/watt, Enthalpy change consists of two parts : enthalpy due to the effective latent heat of vaporization, and enthalpy due to superheating the vapor. Effective latent heat is the total latent heat of vaporization at the temperature and pressure of the evaporator minus the heat required to cool the refrigerant from temperature T-2 to T-3.enthalpy change = [(latent enthalpy at temperature T-3) - (liquidenthalpy at temperature T-2)]+(differencebetween vapor enthalpy at T-4 and vapor enthalpy at T-3)EVALUATION :Volumetric efficiency is a measure of the compressor efficiency.Losses are due to gas frction, imperfections in the design of valves, and incomplete filling and exhausting of the cylinder on each stroke. Coefficient of performance is a measure of how much energy must be expended to pump the heat.

TECHNOVATE29SERVICING EXPERIMENTSSERVICING EXPERIMENT 1 - Effect of Excess Refrigerant in SystemPURPOSE :To show what effect an overcharge of refrigerant has on systemoperation.PROCEDURE :(1) Operate the system in normal cycle capillary operation. Allow unit to run for about 5 minutes to stabilize.(2) Read and record the condenserpressure, P-2,andwattmeter reading.(3) Bleed some refrigerant out ofsystem by openingvalveV-2,Run5 minutes and again read and record P-2 and wattmeter readings.(4) Overcharge system with R-12 by opening valve V-3. This may be hastened by opening valve V-5 allowing greater flow of R-12 to the evaporator. When desired refrigerant is in system, close V-3.(5) After stabilization, read P-2and wattmeter.(6) Compare pressure and wattmeter readings.NOTE :To remove excess refrigerant from the system, open valve V-2,when refrigerant level in tank R-l is satisfactory, close valve V-2.EVALUATION :Increasingtherefrigerantin the system increases the load onthe compressor, causing it to draw more power.SERVICING EXPERIMENT 2 - Effect of Excess Evaporator and Condenser LoadPURPOSE :To show the effect of excess refrigerant (flooding) in the evaporatorand condenser.'PROCEDURE :(1) Operate the system for 5 minutes with a normal refrigerant charge in normal cycle capillary operation with both fans on medium (M).(2) Record all temperature and pressure readings, flowmeter reading, and electrical meter readings.(3) Turn evaporator fan speed control to H, M, and L positions. Allow system to stabilize with the fan operating at each speed and record readings on all gauges and meters. Turn evaporator fan speed back to M and switch the condenser fan through the same three speeds.Allow the unit to stabilize and take readings of all gauges and meters at each of the three fan speeds.

TECHNCWTE30EVALUATION :Whentheevaporator is flooded, the low side pressure rises andevaporation takes place at a higher temperature. When the condenser is flooded, the high side pressure increases and excessive superheat is added in the evaporator. In both cases the compressor works harder and draws more power.SERVICING EXPERIMENT 3 - Effect of Excess Oil in SystemPURPOSE : To show the effect of too much oil in the system.PROCEDURE :(1) Operate the system in normal cycle capillary mode. Allow system to run for 5 minutes. Record temperature and pressure readings throughout the system.(2) Add excess oil (see OPERATION page ) to thesystem until theoil level in the compressor reaches the top of the bullseye sight glass.(3) Operate the system for 5 minutes and re-readtemperatures andpressures.EVALUATION :Excessoilin the system has the effect of reducing flow throughthe .capillary tube.NOTE :To remove excess oil see OPERATION, pageSERVICING EXPERIMENT 4 -Effect ofDefectiveStart CapacitorPURPOSE :To show the effect of adefectivestartingcapacitor.PROCEDURE :(1) Put system in normal cycle prestart positionexcept Push andHold switch S11 in. Perform start-up sequence.(2) Observe action of fans, compressor motor, andthermal overloadrelay in compressor electrical connection box. Observe ammeter and wattmeter readings.EVALUATION :Condenserand evaporator fans will operate; compressor motormay hum but will not start; thermostatic overload relay in compressor electrical box will cycle. This will be seen by readings of ammeter and wattmeter.The use of a startcapacitorin serieswith thestart windingcausesthe current in thewinding to lead thevoltage,whereas thecurrentin the running winding lags the voltage because of the high inductance of the winding. This causes the phase displacement to approach 90 degrees so that true two-phase starting is achieved. For this reason the starting torque is very high, which makes it ideal for small compressors that must start under full load.

31APPENDIXTECHNICAL DATA(subject to change without notice)COMPRESSORMa'e and Model'Bore Stroke Displacement Oil capacity (Suniso 3GS) ...Motor Ratings :Horsepower Electrical CharacteristicsRPM CONDENSER, EVAPORATORFins:Material Number Thickness Tubing :Material Number (passes)Length of Pass Size Fan:Blades (propeller typeNumber Pitch Diameter Motor :Type Electrical CharacteristicsSpeedH (high)M (medium) L (low) FLOWMETERConstruction Aluminum frame, copper fittings,& Buna "N" seals pyrex tubeRange (Ib/min R-12 @ 100F & 131.86 psig) ..0.5 to 3.0 lb/minFILTER-DRIERaluminum 14 per inch 0.010 in,copper2012 in.3/8 in.od,(0.016 in. wall)327 degrees 12 in. nominalshaded pole (1/30 HP) 115 v, 60 cps, 1.0 amp1500 rpm (prox)1025 rpm (prox)800 rpm (prox)Copeland, Model JRL4-0050-1AA 1.550 in.0.625 in.1.178 cu. in.20 fluid oz.1/2 hp115 v, 60 Hz, 9.7 amps 3500MaterialCapacityFillantbrass/copper 5 cu in. silica gel

32CAPILLARY FEED TUBE (and strainers)Strainer , 2Rated 1/2 tonTHERMOSTATIC EXPANSION FEED VALVEType and Model TCL5()FW55Range +50F to -40FRating 1/2 tonsThreadsInlet 3/8 in. SAEOutlet 1/2 in, SAELIQUID REFRIGERANT RECEIVER TANK, OIL ANDREFRIGERANT ACCUMULATOR TANK, AND OIL STORAGE TANKDiameter 2-15/16 in. idGauge Glass high pressureREVERSING VALVESolenoid Characteristics 115 v, 60 cps, 9.5 wattsSWITCHESS-l, Key Lock :Type Locking, DPSTS-2, Main Power On-Off (with circuit breaker):Type Toggle, DPSTS-3, Wattmeter Range Selector:Type Toggle, DPDTPositions (2) 0 to 750 & 0 to 1500wattsS-4, Voltmeter Selector :Type Toggle, SPDTPositions(2) LINE VOLTAGE & BACK EMFS-5, S-6, Fan Control :Type rotary, 4-positionPositions(4) 0 (off), H (high), M(medium),S-7, S-8, Pressure Relief:HighCutout 225 psigReset AutoLowCutout 7 psigReset AutoS-9, Reverse Cycle:Type Thermostat, DPDTPositions(variable) Cooler, WarmerS-10, Compressor ON-OFF :Type Toggle, SPSTS-ll, Start Capacitor (faulting)Type Push button SPST (M)L (lo

33MISCELLANEOUS COMPONENTSCapacitorStart Capacitor :Value . 233 to 280 ufRating 110 voltsacPRESSURE GAUGESType bourdonDial Diameter 3-1/2 in,Scale 0to200psxgAccuracy 2%TEMPERATURE GAUGESType - bi-metalDial Diameter 2in.Scale 0to200FAccuracy Althouse, Turnquist, and Bracciano, Modern Refrigeration and Air Conditioning, The Goodheat-Wilcox Co., Homewood, IllinoisDossat, Principles of Refrigeration, John Wiley and Sons, Inc.,New York, New York.Lang, Principles of Air Conditioning, Delmar Publishers, Inc.,Albany, New YorkMarsh and Olivo, Principles of Refrigeration, Delmar Publishers, Inc., Albany, New YorkFundamentals of Refrigeration, Carrier Air Conditioning Co., Syracuse, New York. (Sixteen pamphlets with companion colored slides, each covering a single basic subject such as evaporators.)