PIEZOELECTRIC POWER SCAVENGING OF MECHANICAL VIBRATION ENERGYPIEZOELECTRIC POWER SCAVENGING OF PIEZOELECTRIC POWER SCAVENGING OF MECHANICAL VIBRATION ENERGYMECHANICAL VIBRATION ENERGY

CE 511- Structural Analysis II

Team Members- Kamaljit SinghSaurabh Baghmar

Smart MaterialsSmart MaterialsSmart materials are different than every day materials, due to tSmart materials are different than every day materials, due to the flexibility in he flexibility in altering its properties that can be significantly altered in a caltering its properties that can be significantly altered in a controlled fashion ontrolled fashion by external stimuli, such as stress, temperature, electric fieldby external stimuli, such as stress, temperature, electric field and magnetic and magnetic field.field.

Piezoelectric Materials as Smart Material-Among the all smart materials, piezoelectric materials are of great interest, as they are commonly used as sensors, actuators and memory devices. As technology is advancing, efforts are being made to use piezoelectric materials in combination with other smart materials for power harvesting

Piezoelectric MaterialsPiezoelectric MaterialsPiezoelectric materials are smart materials used in Micro ElectrPiezoelectric materials are smart materials used in Micro Electromechanical omechanical Systems (MEMS). They possess a unique property called as piezoelSystems (MEMS). They possess a unique property called as piezoelectricity, ectricity, which mechanically stressed generates a potential difference givwhich mechanically stressed generates a potential difference given in voltage. en in voltage. These materials also obey converse piezoelectricity, where the dThese materials also obey converse piezoelectricity, where the deformation of eformation of piezoelectric materials takes place due to the voltage applied apiezoelectric materials takes place due to the voltage applied across the cross the material. Piezoelectric materials are naturally available and armaterial. Piezoelectric materials are naturally available and are also in the e also in the form of multiphase ceramics and films.form of multiphase ceramics and films.

POWER HARVESTING –

The process of acquiring the energy surrounding a system and converting it into usable electrical energy is termed power harvesting. With piezo- materials, it is possible to harvest power from vibrating structures. It has been proven that micro- to mill watts of power can be generated from vibrating systems. The project targets the transformation of mechanical vibration into electrical energy using piezoelectric material.

ENERGY CONVERSION ENERGY CONVERSION TECHIQUETECHIQUE

Piezoelectric: Strain in piezoelectric material causes a charge separation (voltage across capacitor).

POWER HARVESTINGThe equipments and the experimental set up for implementing the abovecoated PZT and plain PZT in power harvesting.

Equipment and Experimental Set Up

Vibration Shaker- Shakers are force generators or transducers that provide a vibration, shock or modal excitation source for testing and analysis.. The AC-Voltage from the function generator acts as an input voltage to the exciter, which is then converted to the oscillation of the shaft through the DC generator. This is used for oscillating the aluminum plate with the PZT and nanoparticle coated PZT. Function Generator- It is used for the generating the sinusoidal signal of the required frequency. It is used for exciting the exciter at the required frequency. Oscilloscope- It is used to analyze the voltage generated during the power harvesting experiment.

The experimental setup used for the power harvesting The experimental setup used for the power harvesting experiment is shown in figure . experiment is shown in figure .

The step by step procedure on the power The step by step procedure on the power harvesting setup is explained below harvesting setup is explained below --

The tip of the PZT glued Aluminum plate is fixed on the exciter [Basically, cantilever support].

Exciter is connected to the function generator through connecting the cables.

Alligator clips are used to determine the voltage response of the PZT glued Aluminum plate; they are connected to the oscilloscope.

Experimental procedure

The function generator is used for generating the sinusoidal signal at a frequency of 90Hz [Kept constant]. As the PZT glued aluminum strip is excited at 90 Hz, due to piezoelectric property of the PZT, the voltage is generated, which is recorded in the oscilloscope. Similarly, the FNP coated PZT and FNP+ZnO coated PZT are used to analyze the importance of nanoaparticles coated PZT over plain PZT in the field of power harvesting.

ResultsResultsWhen the PZT glued Aluminum was excited at 90Hz, the voltage When the PZT glued Aluminum was excited at 90Hz, the voltage generated was 51.123mV. generated was 51.123mV.

FNP coated PZT glued Aluminum was excited at 90Hz, the voltage FNP coated PZT glued Aluminum was excited at 90Hz, the voltage generated was 115.4341mV .generated was 115.4341mV . This due to the additional electron source This due to the additional electron source on the surface and may be due to the magneto electric effect .on the surface and may be due to the magneto electric effect .

When the (FNP+ZnO) coated PZT glued aluminum was excited at When the (FNP+ZnO) coated PZT glued aluminum was excited at 90Hz, the voltage generated was 366.83 mV. This is due to the 90Hz, the voltage generated was 366.83 mV. This is due to the additional piezoelectric effect on the PZT surface by the ZnO inadditional piezoelectric effect on the PZT surface by the ZnO in the the ferrofluid coating. ZnO also acts as an additional source of eleferrofluid coating. ZnO also acts as an additional source of electrons, ctrons, due to its ability to emit charges at room temperature due to its ability to emit charges at room temperature

Importance of power harvesting in structuresImportance of power harvesting in structures--Damping Effect of Power HarvestingDamping Effect of Power Harvesting

Sodano et al presented a paper that a developed a model of power harvesting system. The model was used to predict the amount of electrical energy that could be generated through the vibration of piezoelectric patches on a beam structure. To validate the accuracy of the model , a composite beam with a complex layout of four piezoelectric patches was experimental tested and compared to the results of the simulation. Following the validation of the model, it was used to show the effects of power harvesting on the damping of astructure with energy removed from it. Small Load Resistance- The damping remained smallResistance increases- Energy increases- Damping Increases

ReferencesT. Ikeda, “ Fundamentals of Piezoelectricity”, Oxford University Press ,New YorkHenry A. Sodano, Daniel J. Inman and Gyuhae Park, “ Comparision of Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting Devices for Recharging Batteries”, JIMSS, Vol. 16, Oct 2005.Henry A Sodano, Daniel J Inman and Gyuhar Park. “Review of power harvesting from vibration using piezoelectric materials”. The shock and vibration digest, Vol 36, No3, May (2004).Piezoelectric Power Scavenging of Mechanical Vibration Energy -U K Singh and R H Middleton

Questions?????????????Questions?????????????