Teaching Methods in Medical Education

INTRODUCTION

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Student centered Problem based Integrated Community oriented Continuing Elective Systematic

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• Student-centered vs Teacher-centered • Problem-based vs Subject-based • Integrated vs Discipline-based • Community-based vs Hospital-based • Continuing vs Pregraduate education • Elective vs Standard program • Systematic vs Opportunistic

Harden RM, Sowden S. Educational strategies in curriculum development: The SPICES model. Med Educ 1984;18:284-297.

SPICES

Lecture Small group session

PBL Case study

Morning report Journal club Project and Research Lab teaching دکتر محمود رضا دهقانی

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Classroom Hospital wards Clinics Laboratory Skill labs Physicians’ offices Rural areas Library Patients’ homes Students’ homes Virtual settings

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USING EDUCATIONAL METHODS IN

DIFFERENT SETTINGS

OUTCOME

From Knowledgefull and Competent

to Knowledgeable and Capable

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Integrated Elective

Systematic

Problem Based

ContinuingCommunity Oriented

Student Centered

More Related to Methods and Settings

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• The curriculum consists of the course

description and all the lesson plans.

LP

LPLP

LP

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The course description (syllabus) typically includes the following sections:

-Course title -Purpose of the course -Course objectives -Training methods & techniques -Intended audience of the course -Place of training -Duration and schedule of the course,and -Trainers / resource/ persons

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Guidelines for Choosing Educational Methods

1. Maintain Congruence between Objectives and Methods.

2. Group specific measurable objectives of the curriculum as cognitive, affective ,or psychomotor objectives.

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Guidelines for Choosing Educational Methods

For example: If an objective of a curriculum is to improve

student ability to perform a procedure correctly, such as obtaining an IV access ,supervised practice with feedback and discussion of performance is likely to be more effective than lecture about the technique

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2-Use multiple educational methods.

Individual have different preferences for learning.

The use of different methods helps to maintain learner interest and provides opportunities for reinforcement of learning.

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3-Choose educational methods that are feasible in terms of resources.

Curriculums developers will need to consider

faculty time, space,availability of clinical material and experiences,and costs,as well as the availability of learner time.

In selecting education methods for a curriculum,it

is helpful to consider the advantages and disadvantages of each method.