the use *f the rneehaaical karvesting *a wide parts af their grapevine c*ltiv*ti*n. *td tr*ditisarvitjcultr":s* **wtri*s lik* ltaly and F*ncr *videncs strong diff*r*clcss *n the $s* *fth* n:schanicalharvesting *n tEeir vineys'46; a*c*rdi*g to re*ent estimates. cerrently in Fran*e I3-ùfiS grape-harvesters are eperative rl.*rile in ltaly there are less È?ran 1SS0. Curreat$ in the Campania regiaa

{S*uthem ltaly} lsss thar} 1* grape-harvesters are aperative. . ln tke dslineated context, irt *rder tctesî t}re aptitud* ta harr"*.st mechanicelly two inter*sting varirties {Greca di Tuf* ar:d Cada diVclpe) aut*elrtlr*r:s of flre regron. in their typical caltivatian area it has been set up tlre present trial.that in the **st*at *f a fi*eliued plan *.*11ed: "PGM A* 1, Me**anirr*zi*ne dell* vend*r*rsia ín areemeridionsli sd ir$ulari ltsliaae", impl*m+rts the inf*îffisfisa al o*r disposal on th* aptifuds to bsmecha*icallyhan''esfed of the mast cutrtir"ated CampaniaRegian grapel'ines.

:.F:ATERIAL AII{S ]!{ETHOI}Observati*ras rvere carried auÈ in the three year-pri*d l?99-?**1. *n 1** plants *f the "Srecc diTufo* and t** *f the '*C*da di vclpe" grapvine gr$$n i* tsr* diff*r*nt sites *f th* CampaniaRegion {So::thern ltaly}, rcspectively at a *Vaúiaperti" vineya:d situated at '.Msrrtefredane,Province ci Avellina, at 35ú m a.s.l. aad at a "?alluto'- vineyard sit*ated at Tarrecuee, prcvince cfBenevent*, {Figsre 1}. Tke main r.i*eyards ch*racteristics *re rep*rted in T*ble 1.

Fíg*.re I - èfrq *J- thr. ferrifarie,r.' ,4f{ Btr, indi**le r*.specfn'*fy lhe pr*vin# úf Avrflin* *nrjBtnevidif$*-

Fígure 1 - C*rte des terr*irs : Af el BN respecî,iteemellI inciiqxeret l* pr*vixce. cl'"4vefli*ct eî deB*neve*Ícs-

\

Livorno' Flst€nc€ '" *:l'*jFnLvfihln& ":

r. .. ,l:1,,,,

sNA*

rP*lqrrns*gÌèrltai,Aug*.$tà1

oR*úgpo

di Calebrisi) !fÀ; t{-!r

& iS: Fli

Ts&le f .' Í'ine_y*vefs *wr**t* r is É ic s.

TablesllÍ:{-lar*rÍéri,rtiry**rfesr'ígr:{:Sfs.,t:Site af theviney*rd

{:1.

*slGr*pevine Raotstask Traini*g Pr*ni*g Bud load

system systernAge ef

thepla:rts

Plan

Torrec*s* ?5ù

{BNiMonte*edaae 33$

{Av}

CcdB divclp

Greta diTr:fa

4:* A

43S A

?.5 x l-5 trellis

?.5 x t-? $*llis

Gr-ry*tdoubleSpur

ccrdcn

?0.8

27.74S

Fer this fri*l we $sed a hs*lsd rype gr*pe-È*rvester rn*del: *ER* Ls ltalia traisraia elta". The test etmechanic*l h*rv*st w*s e.arried out h*rr"estiag & rsw Fer gr*Fevine; an*iher rely ef the samevineyard rvas d*sti**d far the manual lrarv*st" In som* vineyard a*d f*r ea*h grapevine thccor:sid*rs.{ grap*vir:* wer* divided inî* fw* grcup$ {treab*ents} of 5$ vines ea*h, *fuarasterized byditEerent h*rvests: a] m*trrlal harvestir:g; b] mechani*al h*rv*sti*g. The Énechenicel h*rvesting trialwas conducted with an "Ere ls [îalia ak*" hauled-typ-hxrvester. lr: Decernber af m*h ye*r, both intJre twc r"i**yards" tlc sar** bud toad r*-as left *c! tbs pla:rts of the tres trcaàrr**is {Tabfe 1}. Atharyest, f*r sacfu pla::: sf *a*h tr*afine.*t th* number a*d w*igbt af clusters was r**rd*d *nd th*follcvring lsere rtre*$Ired: grape y:eId pr pla:r{ {fcr the m*st} the refractemetric $rgar conte*t{"Brix}, pH and tiÈrat*ble *cidity {m#à *f ta*aric acid}.The ripeniag datr" a*$*rding ta tbe exigencits af tlre wim rsakers, was establisbd oa the basis afmust *harast*ristics, 1v:h$i t*s rsfrà*t*r$*,tri* d*gr*e rang*d f:*m ??.5 ts 33.5 oBrix" pH brtwee*3,3S a*d 3,4*, ar:d tiÉatable *ciGty fr*r* 6.S t* &.* grams,{lit*r.Far the mecha*i*al **rve*! Èhe prc*nt*gas af whcle berriss, tha must and f*rciga badies wererecorded. Th* prcd*etian *crn 15* haadpi*ked plants and frsm 15* machine-han'ested rvas all usedf*r win*r**ki*gDaring fefffterrt*tia:: the m$st-ìÀ.i?!e tvsls daily manit*red f*r sugars, tikatable acidity aftdfermentalica le*per*f*re {data n*t rcprted}, Ai the esrd sf the f*rraeatatioa fcr ths rruin*s sbtainedtlre follcwing param*tcrs r*rr€ rniasur*d: alc*hcli* rcnter$, total aad volatile acidity" ttÎal acld fr€€SCZ a*d pH. T!:* vi*es rv*r* elab*rated in the I?A$ {F. }È $*Eetis} cxperimental wfuery situated i:rAvelli*e. The wines *1s* t*rderwent $errsry eval*ati*n by a prel *f tasters Èom t*e University *fTarragona. Ths t*st resr:lls were subje*tcd to analysis af rariancg aad diff*reac*s highlighted usingthe Fisher tes1"

RESULTS

Grapevixe,rThe harves€ happen*d when the re**ctametric degree af the masts r*:rged betw*n ??.5 t* 23.5oBrix, the pH betrvee* 3.3 t* 3.4, the Titratable ecidity betwee* S f* I gra*rslliter, ?he weiglrt cf theclusters, signi{ican1l3' differsnl betw**n ihe *ativars becaas* sf the variely chars$terisiics and tlr*differes*e *f ag* ktrvc*n the plants *f the two vir:*yards, lv*s $f 3?l grams fcr CDY, t?5 for theGreco, Iike *ls* fhe numkr *f the cl*sters fJrat was ?8 f*r ssd, 19 far G. Similcrty t* r*4rat fouadfor said prarneter*- the p:eductiúa. *es appre.ciably diiTere*t betrvee.* twa the cs: 1ve registered5,?ó and 3"3d Kg r*spe*tfu*ly ibr c aad g Th* Elud tsad p€r graseìriae similarbetr*ecn the 3 cv was*f ?0.8 far C*Y, *f ??.? f*r g. The càrr:rrb€r af the leaves pr pÉant rang*d betrre*n 518 {CD$ toó83 {G}' rvhit* tfi* f*liar surface, simil*r ktr.veelr t?r* cultirars was *f ?.*9 and 8.*4 nr? respctivelyfor {C}V} a*d GRC. Finally some dilTerellcss w€rs register*d in îhe values of bud fertilify thalresultsd *1S,83 and 1.34 mspectively ibr C asd G.Tke pr*entag* *f n*rst in the h*rvest pr*duc* {T*b 3} very redr:ced lvas sigr*heantly

h*m*g*r:e*t:s *riîclrg tl** sultivars, similarly t* '*t*at rec*rd*d fer Fian* {Grcep ET Al., :00*},Iower that registered fbc the Aglianico {{Group ET é.1., :**1), Th* prceirtage *f berries in them$st, was r**pestivcly *f the ?3 {CDV} aad 7596 {GRC} turniag ost similar ts thàt ans Éssrddfar athex er:ttivars {Sceglicr* et at t**t}. The per*entage cf w**dy shccts, ?eaves, Fîi*tes, H$Fs,silransca* bcdies resr.:lted sigaific*:tly different between t*e twc cultivars" ?fu* t*tal cf tlresevoices. rvas *f the ?9r* lcr {DV. sf the 4=5% f*r GRt {Tabl* 3},

The lssse* {T*bEe 4} d** És the uss *l- the grape harvestsr rìrsrs srì tlre rffh*ls sfunÉ*r bet!ryeerr thetwo cultivars re*chingv*E*es ofthe &"5*/e for CIV af the 8"9slc GRC {Tabte 4}.Th* subdivisics: af tJrc la*ses in t$e thr* classic categarie* af tèe lcsses tc sail, on t}re plant, andunk*otvn l*sses. rryas far sr::*e v*i*et rslft*r difTersxt behvstì the grapevi*es cat*àilrg up the valuecf the 3.5.6j; C:*Y asld *f the 2.4f* *R{. Fr*b*bly besa*se *f a different Spal*gy ef the sl$ster

{sparkly tftet *ne *f C}Y eomp*ct tfu*i *ne of GRC} aad tke varicus tendency t* separate theber:ies by t*:* r*sp the percentags sf th* lssses sn the plant was diffbrs*t b*Érrcerl ths cultivarsreaching respeatire values af 3,4 % {C$Y} and of 4"9 {GRC}. The percentage of 1}r* lcsses ta soilan the *trcle was litttre is becaase oÈa gaod calibration of the farce exercised frem the beaters andalsa besa$ss *f the prcjsst quality af tlre sssd han'sster reackiag respective val$ss *f 1,9olo {CDY}and l.ó % {GRC}.

Tab\e 2 'Fr<t$a*i*n **d qaaÍi4: paramelers re&sr$ed at fzaspest #999-3#ú j tEtree-year *eragej.Tsbleuu 2 - P*r*nzètres de pr*tlxcÈittrz et de qa*itté e*regi"rfres l* vewl*ngt {}999-2{}{}l derÍtaysnne tr* is *nnéesL

Parar*eters Grawvine

Sugars {"Brix}PHTitratable acidity {mfutl af Èartaric acid}Ch:ster#w*ight {g}Clusters/vi*e {Yieidlvine ikgiBuds/vi*e {na.}Leaves/vine {n"}Leaf arealvi** {m?}Brrd feGilitv'

C+da di vctpe

33.493.4S*.r8321

:s5.?6?*.85187.ùq1_34

Sreco di Tufo

?3.4Sîa^I -'

8.18t?519

3.3422.76838"S4ff.83

Tnbie 3 - Ft:.rctatagt spiit <$-amechanictslfy harvesÍu{ sampl* {}999-2{}úl tlzre*ye*r at*r*ge}.TabIefiu 3 - PourtexÍ*ge de divisitsx d'un Eclz*ntiÍl*rz rétoke *écaniqì;ear,Ènl #999-20A]m*ysftfte de Èr*is *xxéssj.

Coda di valp Greco di Tufo

MrtstBerriesShootsLeavesPetiolesRaspsForeign b*diesTotal prodr:*ti*n

{Kg}48

t75.21.2.1.8

J-tó.1*.9734*

o.14

?*.0?3.00.53.S1.5:.5*.4ts*

fi{gi79

IS6.5*,63.*$.52,90.4t42

8l*

20.575.Sù.41.4$.42-ù*.3t*s

T*ble 4 - lEsst da* f* f*e $se r$tht gr*'pe h$rvestcr. $999-Xj{}l fhr*e-y**r wsr*g*}"Tableaa 4 - Perrr. úe pr*dait tiíi à fa vetzd*nge tnéca*ique {Í999-X}*Í ,ntTyEtîîte $e ff{}is années}-

Csda di volpe Grec* di Tufa

Lost ta seilLsst crr the plar:tLost &:e to e$krioì#n sausfr$Total trost

Kg4.?7.4s.3tfi.4

-91*

1,93_t

3.58_5

Kg1.8

5,J3.41*.?

;o/a

1.ó

4.92.48.9

W i n e. s : clrernf cnf a*cl$'sis

We analysed Cada di lfctpe and Gre*e wines praduced ia the ye*r 20Sl {Tabie 5}. Sigaificant

differences in all prameÉers between the wiaes obtained by manual harvest and those mechanically

harvested *.ere cbserved for GRC. Far bath varieties tlrere lvere diflerences in alcohclic caaîent,

absorbency ai 4?S c$n *rrd reducing s$g$rs. The alc*hslic **nteirt *f wines cbtaiErsd by meckanical

harvest rras half a Segee higher t}ran f+r wines cbtained by mechanical harvest. Thr*r difference*

may be Èsanse qe€h*ni€sl harvet s*s earried **t * wsek l*ter thsn s*xnnl harvst. The

yellaw ccloer *f the wines cbtaiaed by me*lranical*arvest was natably mcre int*nse than those by

manual harv*st {measr:red at aa absorbcncy sf 4?* am}: absorbeacy iacrsassd fram S,155 to *.2?8

in the Cade rvines and fram ú.154 t* *.?60 in Grecc wines.

Tsble 5.' {--fie*?i**f a**{3*í* g;rs-1.'crsf af'7$ttl.

Tab*ea* 5.' .{ra*$'.1'g tkimàtpe. Yexd*nge 2{}{} Í.

Variefy Dsgrs.e TA A4?S SO? *es reducing S

Mechanicsl Csda 13.17+ *.04

Manual Coda t?.5?3 *"S5

L of sigrifiranú€ < S.*SI

Mechanical Grec* 13-1tr: *-CI:

?.33+ *.*8 *-??8+ *,**5 8.3* 1,5

7.4# S.t2 S.155* S.S$1 S.3* G.9

ns < S.SSI *s

8.?5* *,*9 *.:S0* C.**J 42,C+ 1.*

4.5* *.3

3.6* S"l

$.s5

3"1* ff.Z

1.4+ 0

0.001

Maaual Grec* 1?.:*+ *.ù? 7.27**.*7 *.1:4+ S.*S5 ZS.*i 1.1

L of significance < 0.*S1 < ù.*sl < s.CIs1 < 0.cs1

Degrer F,letlk*lic csnÈe$t {YovolJ: T.à: Èstal acidtty of tart*ric acid in g& A4?C: abs*rbency at4?S; reducfurg $: redx*iag $:gars, L *f significasce: lsvsl *f significance; rrs:s*t significant.These results are a+'etag€s and standard deviatians. Stafisticatr analvsis *f variance and Fisher Tesl

There r*"ere *ifferences icr the red*cistg sngars *f the wixes d** tc the dynamics af alccholic

fermeafsfi*n is the mi*r*.vinificafisr:s. These ditTererces wsrs not relaîed t* the sffscfs sf

mech*$iss.l h*rvest ol t3r* qxality ofîfte m*st or wine. In t?rs ssÍssty sval$atio$ sfthe win$$, on the

other hand rssi$$al $IgÉFs sf above 4 gfl c*nfirmed lhe prcssncf; of swsetfisss *r îhs lsìHer acidity

that is ssmstimes p*rc$v*.d ** tasting,

The GRC witres sbtaisrsd by meclranic.*"1 harvest had higher levels of total acidify than wines by

mansal hcreesÈ {8"?5 and ?.2? gr1 sf tart*ric acidity, respctively}; this differesce was stafisiically

significant The acidity afthese rvines r*as higher because this varieiy is mcre ser:sitivs and because

mcre grains are *r*r*hed *r br*ken duri*g meehff.Eical harvest. This frees mcrc m*st asrd starts the

fsrmentati*n prcs€ss b*fcr* it re**tres ttr* ceil*r. ?*c rrri*r**rga*isms that d*vsl*p in suchcircumslances {api*r:late y*asts aad gf,.*tic bacteria} caa l*ad t* mors a*idic subsîaac.es ia îh* rnust.Ckemical anal.ysis shewed thaf the e*l*ar *f bath varieties ebtained by raecha*ical haryest wasmore inte*se- Judgi::g by its n*tic*ably greater total a*idity, the Gre*o variety appears t* be msrcsensitiye t* r**cha*ical lrswest tha:r i* r*anuql harvest.

.9ens oly E't'allr$f{aru

Sensory evaluatiar: was carried out uci*g a check sheet drawsr ap at ti:e Faculty *f Oenclogy il:Tarragcna fable S]. Tft* rrrines, rvhieft were abtained by assalrs and produced in small y*lumes inmicra-vinifica#**s= rvece d*scrihd and sc*red simply an this checkshÈet arrd tft* results c*uld heanaJysed **sily,

TaLle ú- 1{iae tastiag cheeksheet af th* Faculty cf *eacl*g1r in Tarragaaa.TABLEAU 6 - carte pur l'Év*lu*tion se*ssrielle de la fac$lté de *e**logia de terrego*a.Ttpe of:ryine t 2 3 4 5 sYisualRedYellowBIue cr braw*OlfactoryIatensitv0bservafi*ns

Gustat*rvIntensifyAcidityTanninsHarrnonvCbservaticns

Overall /l*

The visual. clfa*iory and gustal+ry asFec,ts of the wi*es were *cnsidered and a fi:ral cverall scare

was awarded' C*l**r r,v*s eval*ated *s the iatensity af red *r the intensity af yellaw. lntease redwas evaluattS p*sitiv*ly i* reds a:rd i#*:rss yelic:*- was evaluate.d *egatively in r+iites. With"'criarlzaso'rru-e in*?llded brewa *s a c*le*r in erder t* i*terpret Èhe degree cf axidatia*, end i* youagwir:ss we inchrde* bl$e *r i*dig* t* i:rdisfe youth. For ths alfactory aspect we rscsrded intensitya*d' in the *bseFcati*ns s*cti*n. we reccrded the predan:inant types ef aramas, Far tJre gu-ttatcry

aspfcî lrt *.*nsidsred *v*ral qr:a*itative c-lsracteristic*. These lver*. iatr*sity ia the mallth,

acidig, ia.nnins aad harmsny, which:*ss *oasidered:h* *ombinatisn of a*idig," alcohcl, stickiness

and, ia tbe case af r*d wines, tannias. kr the abservations secti*n, *e recorded infs$ation absuî

equilibrir*:r a*d the gpe *f ar*matie lrater perceived irr the m*uth. A*er ta*Hng the wices rvere

marked *r:t *Èt*r: f*r *serell apprecieÈi*n.

Sens*ry esa:Elatiarl rryas ca:ri*d cut by a panel cf *ight rÀrirre-t&stirlg experÉs frera th* Faculty

cf Oen*l*g3i in T*rrag*r:a Cada di Y*lpe variety sh*wed ?hat there were statistically significa:rt

differen*es betr*'een rvin*c *bt*incd by rn*n*al harv*st asd th*se obtained b_v me*harli*al harvesl

cnly f*r ccl*rrr iTabt* ?]. The sh*rt sras*rati$* aad *xidati*n to rwhi*b the nrust is sr:bje*ted daring

traasportation lrom lhs fiet€ to the cellar ma3' negatively affe*t the *al+nr, leading to a more intense

calaur of y*llow an€ a trndency io a*qaire brown c.alasrs. I'lc sigaificant diÈèren*es raere fouad

d*ri*g ol&c**ry a:ralysis but there l*ss a grca*er ar*maii* e*rapl*xify ar:d m*re istense nstes *fmedicir:al he:b*, a*ise.ed and caramel ir: rvin*s obtained by mechanical harvest. Both varieties olwiae had slight vegetable nctes, The earamel ar*rxas i* the Coda rrines abtained by meehani*al

harvest rxay have k* d::e ta t*e 4 gdl rwidxal sr:gars after f*rm*ntati**, **t ta tlr* vsriable i* *ar

study i.e. m*ch*ni**l fterv.est. In ters*s *f the gastatary asgecÉs there rvere no signihcant di{?erenr.*s

between the wines. The ss*res were sis*ilar far acidiÈy, inte*sity aad harm**y, and f*r the *verall

sc.sre. Th* wire *bt*ined by mech*ai**3 hervest rsss aw*rded a $csre *f 5.? and the wiEre frorn

maau*l h*r*'*st was sì*Erdsd s ssors *f 5.3.

Table 7 - S*r:scry sl'aluaiion. Harvesf ?S01

Tablear: ? - El'aluatis* s€frs*risli*- Yer:dangc ?{}01,

Yariety Yisual InltrlsifyClfast*ry

Int*asityGustatory

A*idity lfurmaay ùverall

Mechanical C*dÈ

Man$al Csds

L of signifr*.an**

Mechaniral Gre*s

Maaaal Gr***

L of sigaifieaac*

4_ÉÈ *_5

s.4à *"3

*.*t4.4* fi.{

s.4* *_5

*"s1

5.éà *.5

4"gi *"?

gs

'1.*è S.?

5-9* *-S

s-*5

4.& *-4

4.5à *.?

Its

3.9+ $.4

4.9r *.6

0.05

5"3+ *,6

4.5* *.6

fri

:,*! s-s

4.3r *.5

0.s5

st.ú* 0.6

4.*à *.4

ng

3,?* fi.8

4.fr *,ú

ns

5,?+ *.3

5.3* S.2

*$

5.1* *.3

5.SÉ *.5

fts

These result* ere *veftÈges and standacd deviatians. Statlsticel *nelysis *f l'aria*ce and Fisher Tesl

The wi*es *f,t}re Gr*c* vari*ty had siglifica*t diff*renc*s i* tersns of cclour, arcrna, acidity *:rd

gustat*ry ir*er:sity but rt*t in tcrn:s ef ftarmcny ar *veral! sÈore. l{ines cbtained by meclranical

hawest had * rllarc i:$snss yell*w csl*ur. F*r dfact*ry iatensiîy and gastatary iaî*r:sity, the scaresfar the tl'ines sblaia*d fu'F manr*l lrarv*st {5.9 and '1.9} ware sigaificaatiy higher ihan lh*se forwines obtaiaed by r:recheaical harvest {4 and 3.9}. Y*getable notes were reportcd in both varietiesaf rvine, brrt wines ebtained Èam m*n**i harrrest were difFere*t ir: thaf they als* trad fruity ercmagAcidity was hig*er in *ri*es cbt*ined by rxec!:enical h*rvest {5.*} Èhan in wir:es *b*i*ed by meiraalharvest {.4-21 r+*ricfu r*presented a eerÉain g*statcry isrbalenc* in this type af wine. fn fact,s*bseque*€ analysis af, t*tal acidity shawed that the wines +btained by me*h*nical harvest had ahigher sorrf"sntr*1i*n *f *cids. This gre*ter a*idiry **rrld explain rvhy these *.ire: t*nd*d t* be lessharmonitr:s {3-?} than r*i:res cbt*iaed by raanual harvest {{.T}. Finally, despiÉe th*se differs$*es inlhe vissal' *lfa*t*ry an{ gustatory aspÉ{rs, îhsre were no diffcr*nc*s in the sv*rall scare {5.1 forwines obtaind by rnrchani*al harvest aad 5.S for wiaes obtain*d by maaual lrarvest).

The wifles el t*e tx* varieties irt ffuis study sccred Isw r*asks f*r harn:ar:y be.causs cf a clearlystrong sensalia* af acidi4r This rvas perhaps exacerb,ated by their atcchclic cantenf *,trictr was alsaex*essiveiy higlr- As aeidity was a pred*mina.nt feat*re cf all tfue w'i*es, *rese levels *f a*idity c*uldbe dee t* the y*er i:r wtrieft tlre mi*r**E"inifieatiens were carried *r:t.

Chernic*t and se*sary ***tyses shew that the type *f h*rr.es€ :rsed daes nct *ffe*t the qaaliÈy afCoda wine- TE€ Gre*a variety, sn the cther hand, ftppeers ta be rn*re sensitiv* t* the effe*ts *fmechanical h**'est- Atth*ngh the Èaat s*sres f*r both varieties *f rsi*e are sicrilar, me hanic*Iharvest may in*rtesr tk **idity sf th* Eiia* *nd rs***.e the È*ity ars:Tlíls in f**.*ar *f herbs*.easearsmas. 'SÉ* rsc*mmend a short tin:e affa:rspart bsfw$sr v!*eyards ar:d wi11sriss. ?T?i* is bscaa$*the mn$t cauld *s oxidi$d due to tra*sportafio* and the lo::g*r rnaceîaticn *f flr* g.4pe jn thshoppers.

CS]YCL{JSIONS*ur results ffiabled us fo nrske the fsllorryiag c*nsideratiors:

- Bcth the C*da di valS end the Grece characteristlcs maked sreehar:i**l harr.est passibl* withoretcausing any ia:pcrta::f pr*bl*m;- The quatirv* cf th* han'*sted iad*pead*aily by the Vps cf th* c$asi*smd grap* fuarrursî aed thegrapevi*e w*s satisfeet*ry;

- ?he lassss *f prcdrect, ir:depende*tly frcm c*ltivars, t*e *ge cftlre pla*ts, the training systeffi vrerereduced;- Bsth ia Grsfs *ad ir: Csda di Y*lpe varislies the differenc*s in the ssa$sry svalgeiisas betivesfithe me*hanic*l *nd tbe rs*a*al wine* wer'r$ evideet far atE perame,lers.- kt general the qu*.lity +ft*e meclracli€al wines was considàred accepfabl*"

BEFEREF{CESBALIINI E-. :NTRIERI C., 1*84 * fulec.sea;zzasi*rre della yendsmrtri* e dslla p*tatr:ra- EditriceClueb Bol*gr:4 6ges t4*.

CARBGì{1'{9,à1J A. :99* - Critiqr:* d* la v*nda*ge rxr*a*iqu*. l**rèts da secouag* v*.rtical.Pr*grès Agri**le *t Vitic*le. 19*6, 1 13: 33. 5 1?-5 16,

FREGCNI M., É9*8 - YitÈc*lt*r* di q::aÈituL Ediziani l'Infarmatare Agr*ri*, pges 7*7.MORRIS JR; ltrNlCK-KLlNG T; IYOLF TE; H,{RKHESS EM- 199? - ,à tstal vi*eyardmechanizatis* sl$isî?r a*{ its irnp*t orr qualify *nd yittd Pro*eedings sf the f*utth Inteffiafiona:Syrnposi** *È C**E CtirrI*te Yiticult*re **d Enelcgy, 16-?* Juty 1996.

PCCCCK KF; ÉfAYASAKA Y; PENG & lxltLLtAMS FJ: ltrATER* EJ. 19** - Tke effeet afs:echad*al lrarvesti*g and longdista$** tra::sprf an tht corcer:lration af haze-f*rmi:rg protei*s ingtaps j uiss. A$stralisn Jsur*al af Grape and Wirle R*seerch 4: l, ?3-?9.TIFILOT R. I**5 - Sif*aÉÈ*n de la viticelture desls le m*nd* en t**4. Strll. *IY. H*v. - Ilec.SCAGLIGiIE G.= FÀSQUARELLA C., SANTIT*RG .{, l*ÉA*At ild., ?**t - l*fh:**ce *fmechaaiml fuarvestiag cn the production *nd quality tf the Fiano grapeviae in th* Campania region

{southerr ìtaly}- A€i }ff G*sco rxeeting M*ntp*lli*r. 3-? juil!*{ Yol. 3, 6?3-é?fi.SCAGLIC$E C. PASQUARELLA C., FIAIIAL lvf. 2S*I -,4speffi pr*detfivi e qrelitativi dellavendemmia *ecc+aica ia tre siti del Sr:d ltalia Atti Y Canvege* Mec*aaizaziane vite. P*terrza ?8-11.

SCAGL;*I-IE G, Fé,SQIJARELLA *.. F*RLAÌ'iI M.. FIASAL M. 2**l - Asptii quatit*rivi dellaveildemmi* rr:ecc*r:ica in Carxp**ia: rise:tati relativi al vitigro Aglianic* in an'*rea delBeneventan+.ATTl lV C+avega* Mec+anizzazione Yite" Telese, {}Sobre 2*ú1. In Print.YEDE! À.; CIIARLES, G.. CH.{RbIAY, P. e{ TGURMEé.{I' J. 1??? - Essai sar la degustati*ad,es vins" Saciété dÉdi*art *t dTnf*rn:ati*ns vitivi*i*ales, h:tàg*r:.