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TCCS 25:2019/CHK
8 Dv bao khi tuyng hang khong
8.1 Quy Binh chung
8.1.1 AMO, MWO cung cap dich vu du' bao, canh bao thol fiat phuc vu hoat d6ng hang kh6ng
dan dung trong khu vu'c trach nhiam, bao g6m khu vu'c khOng gian bao ph6 cac cang hang
kh6ng, san bay hoac trong hai vOng FIR do Viet Nam quan
8.1.2 Khi mot ca sa khi tuang san bay ghat hanh mai mot ban tin du' bao (vi du TAF), ban tin
mai cluac hieu la se tcy d6ng thay the nhirng du, bao cang dang, cho cang khu vu'c da ghat h5nh
truck GTO, ke ca khi ban tin tuft con thai gian hieu Iu'c.
* Luy y:NhCfng thuOt nga chuyen m6n va chu thich chi ti4t lion quan tai chu'ang nay clugc lie:t ice a
trong phan 4."Ky hiOu va chi!' viet Mt".
8.2 Du' bao thei tiet san bay (TAF, TAF AMD)
8.2.1 Du' bao thai tit san bay (TAF) la ban tin dy, bao duac phat hanh bai AMO cho cac san
bay CR/VC chi dinh tai cac thai gian nhat Binh cho cac quang thai gian hieu Iu'c cu the, m6 to
ngan gon dieu kien khi tuang du' kien tai san bay gam gio be mat, ram nhin, hien twang thai ti6t,
may va cac ben d6i quan trong co kha nang gay anh hu,ang den hoat d6ng bay trong quang
thai gian hieu cua ban tin.
8.2.2 TAF chia lam hai loci: TAF ngan co hieu ly,c dual 12 gi& va TAF dai co hieu Ityc tir 12 gi&
dan 30 gia. TAF ghat hanh cho cac cang hang kh6ng quoc t6 tai Viet Nam la TAF dai then Ke
hoach kh6ng van cua ICAO khu vu'c. Vai cac cang hang kh6ng con lai, Cuc HKVN Viet Nam
quy dinh hieu va the da ghat TAF tuy thu6c vao hoat d6ng bay va lich khai thac san bay.
8.2.3 TAF du,ac ghat hanh kh6ng sam han 01 gi& va kh6ng tr6 hon tuft 30 phOt so vai gi& bat
dau hieu Iu'c cua ban tin (cu the: phat trong khoang tiy 59 phOt ci6n 30 phUt truac gi& hieu lu'c
cua ban tin; thai gian da tinh ca filling time, cut off time, va d6 tre dubng truy6n); cap nhat 3
gia/Ian dal vai TAF ngan va 6 gia/Ian dai vai TAF dai.
* Khuye'n nghi: Theo khuye'n cao tai Phu udc 3 ICAO, do dai cua ban tin TAF va s6 chi
thi bin d6i sCr dung trong mot ban tin TAF can girr a mur toi thieu.
8.2.4 Ca so, khi tu'ang san bay phai bao dam then dal lien tuc th&i tit de xem xet, ra soat thOng
tin TAF da ghat hanh. Khi co su' thay de)i v6 nhan dinh du, bao hoac thay doi cac dieu kien khi
tuang hian trang dan den TAF da ghat hanh khong con phan anh chinh xac dy, kien thai tiet can
phat hanh TAF AMD (ban tin b6 sung du' bao thai ti4t tai san bay).
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8.2.5 Trong cac trubmg hop khong the ti4p tuc qua trinh theo doi thai tiet trong then gian TAF co
hieu !ix can phai huy IDO ban tin TAF b5ng cach sir dung chi? tat CNL. TAF cung co the chroc
hUy b6 trong truteng hop het tac dung sir dung truac thoi diem het hieu Ityc cua ban tin (vi du
nhu' san bay dOng cCra). Trong tap tin TAF bao g6m TAF cua mot s6 san bay, chic tat NIL duvc
su dung d6i vai tru'ang hop mot san bay nao do trong danh sach kh6ng c6 TAF.
8.2.6 Ca s6, khi tuvng Oat hanh TAF phai dam bao rang tai bAt kY then diem nao chi co mot
TAF c6 hieu Icrc cho m6i san bay. TAF mai phat hanh cho cur-1g mot san bay co cung khoang
thOl gian hieu lLrc hoac mot ph5n hieu Iu'c trUng nhau &roc hieu la se tu' dOng thay the TAF cu
da phat hanh trutec dO.
8.2.7 Trong truPng hap TAF da phat hanh c6 161 v6 cu phap, co sae khi twang san bay se phat
hanh ban tin chinh sira TAF COR. TAF COR chi sCra I6i cu phap va kh6ng co gia tri thay d6i bat
ky dieu gi trong not dung v6 dieu kien khi twang trong TAF da phat hanh.
8.3 Dy, bac, phuc vy ha canh (du' bac, xu th6 TREND)
8.3.1 Ban tin du, bao phuc vu ha canh duvc thiet lap &pin clang du' bao TREND (thy bao xu the),
m6 to chr bao ngan gon nh&ng thay d6i dang ke ve cac dieu kien khi tuvng a san bay g6m gio
be mat, tam nhin, hien trong thol ti6t, may va duvc gan vao cuoi ban tin quan trac MET
REPORT hoac SPECIAL, hoac METAR hoac SPECI cua san bay c16. ThOi han hieu lyc cua du'
bao TREND la 2 gia thoi diem quan trac cua ban tin quan trac ma TREND gan kern.
8.3.2 Chi nhirng y6u t6 duvc ctr bao co su' thay d61 dang ke (dat hoac %/trot ngt.ro'ng theo quy
dinh) m61 du'a vao du' bao TREND. True:mg hop thay doi v6 tam nhin duvc du'a vao TREND thi
kern theo hien tuvng then tie't gay Om tam nhin. TruVng hap du' bao thai tit san bay khOng co
su' thay doi clang ke, bao TREND se sir dung thuat "NOSIG".
8.4 Dv bao phuc vu cat canh
8.4.1. Ban tin du' bao phuc vu cat canh du'o'c AMO tai san bay hoac AMO duvc chi dinh cung
cap dich vu du' bao, canh bao cho san bay do thtic hien va cung cap theo th6a thuan giCra AMO
va nha khai thac.
8.4.2. Ban tin du' bao phuc vu cat canh la ban tin cliy bao v6 cac dieu kien du' kien xay ra tren
khu vu'c phirc hop cac cluVng CHC trong mot khoang thai gian cu the, g6m hu&ng, too d6 va
cac thay d6i cua giO be mat, nhiet dO, khi ap (QNH), hoac cac thong tin khac theo thoa thuan.
8.4.3. Ban tin du, bao phuc vu cat canh duvc cung cap cho nha khai thac va to lai khi duvc yeu
cau trong \tang 3 tiang tarac thai diem tau bay du, kien khai hanh.
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8.4.4. AMO cung cap ban tin dty bao phuc vu cat canh can lien tuc theo doi thgi tiet va phat
hanh ban tin du' bao b6 sung kip thgi khi thay can thi6t.
8.5 Du' bao khu vu'c phyc vy bay tam thAp (Area forecasts for low-level flights)
8.5.1 Cuc HKVN quy dinh ve viec lap va phat hanh (tan suat phat hanh, m5u, thgi gian hoac thgi
han hieu lu'c) thOng tin du' bao khu vcrc phuc vu bay tam thap (goi tat la du' bao khu \Arc - area
forecast) nham tu' van cho nguVi sir dung khi c6 nhi'eu chuyen bay dudei FL100 (hoac len den
FL150 hay cao han khi can d6ivai khu vu'c dia hinh nui).
8.5.2 Khi co nhi6u chuyen bay dutri FL100 can phai phat hanh AIRMET theo muc 9.3, du' bao
khu vcrc duvc phat hanh lam ca sa h6 trp, phat hanh AIRMET. bao khu vcrc can cung cap
thong tin du' bao trong lop ttIr mat dat den FL100 (hoac FL150 hay cao han khi can doi vai khu
vcrc dia hinh nUi), bao g6m cac thong tin ve hien tuvng thaei tiet nguy hiem tren durgrig bay doi
\tad cac chuyen bay tam thap h6 tror cho viec phat hanh AIRMET va nhirng thong tin b6 sung can
thiet cho bay muic thap.
8.5.3 Du' bao khu vcrc CO the g dang van ban (text) hoac a clang do hoa. bao khu vu'c
Bang van ban sir dung minh ngi.r chin tat du'ac goi la cicr bao khu vu'c GAMET trong do six dyng
cac viet tat va gia tri s6 chuan theo ICAO quy dinh. Du, bao khu vcrc phat hanh clang dO hoa
la san pharn ket hap cCia bao gio/nhiet dO tren cao va ban dO cac hien tuveng thai tiet nguy
hiern SIGWX cho cac WC bay tam thap.
8.5.4 Der bao khu vcrc h6 trg viec phat hanh AIRMET can duvc phat hanh 6 gig/Ian vgi thol gian
hieu lcrc 6 gig va duvc chuyen tai ca sercanh bao thgi tiet hoac ca sa khi tuvng tai san bay
khong muOn han 1 gig truac thaei gian hieu !kn.
8.5.5 Khi SO' dung clang ban do cho du' bao khu vu'c, du, bao gi6 va nhiet dO tren cao se du'ac
du bao cho cac diem luVi cach nhau khOng qua 500 km (300 NM) va trong it nhat cac do cao
600 m, 1500 m va 3000 m (2000 ft, 5000 ft va 10000 ft) va 4500 m (15000 ft) g khu vcrc vOng
nUi.
8.5.6 Khi six dung clang ban do cho du' bao khu vu'c, du' bao hien tuvng khi tuvng nguy hi6m
(SIGWX) se dugc ban hanh &POI clang dy' bao SIGWX tang thap cho cac mcrc bay tai FL100
(hoac len den FL150 hay cao han khi can doi yeti khu vyv dia hinh rib). Du, bao SIGWX cap
thap se bao g6m:
a) cac hien tuvng theo ICAO quy dinh chung cho SIGMET (Phu Itric 6 Phu ugc 3 ICAO)
ma co kha nang gay anh huVng den cac chuyen bay tam thap; va
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b) cac yeu to quy Binh doi vai bao khu vvc cho cac chuy6n bay tam thap tai Bang A5-
3 Phu ty6'c 3 ICAO ngoai trip gi6, nhit dd ten cao va du' bao khi ap (QNH).
Bang 3 - Cac y6u tó khi tuyng trong GAMET theo Bang A5-3 Phu trO,c 3 ICAO
HiOn tuvng/ yeu
to khi twang MO to Vi du
Phan I (Section 1)
Gi6 (C) GiO be mat vutt qua 15 m/s (30 kt) ten
dien rOng
SFC WIND: E OF W110 050/40KT
Tam nhin ngang
(C)
Tam nhin ngang thep thrti 5000 m tren
dien (Ong kern hien tucing thdyi tit gay
giam tam nhin
SFC VIS: 06/08 N OF N51 3000M BR
Hien tu6ng th6i
tit nguy him (C)
- DOng
- Bac) bui
- Bao cat
- Tro bui nui lira
SIGWX: 11/12 ISOL TS
SIGWX: 12/14 S OF N35 HVY SS
Sty che phii nui
(C)
Su che phu nui MT OBSC: S OF N48 MT PASSES
May (C)
May bao phi) khu viyc rang vai van
lutng BKN hoac OVC va dO cao chan
may thap duti 300 m (1000 ft) tren mat
dat (AGL) hoac ten M liC nutc bien
trung binh (AMSL) hoac may CB hay
TCU
SIG CLD: 06/09 N OF N51 OVC
800/1100FT AGL 10/12 ISOL TCU
1200/8000FT AGL
DOng bang (C)
Dong bang, trip (long bang trong may
doi lu'u hoac dOng bang manh da dutc
bao trong SIGMET
ICE: MOD FL050/080
Nhieu dOng (C)
Nhieu dOng, trip nhieu dOng trong may
d6i lull hoac nhieu dOng manh de dutc
bao trong SIGMET
TURB: MOD ABV FLO90
Song nui (C) Song nui, trip song nui manh de &Ito
bao trong SIGMET
MTVV: N OF N63 MOD ABV FLO80
SIGMET (C)
SIGMET phat hanh cho FIR lien quan
hoac ti6u khu vtsc ma GAMET dutc
phat hanh
SIGMET APPLICABLE: 3, A5, B06
Phin II (Section 2)
Cac tam he thOng
khi ap hoac front
(M)
Cac tam he th6ng khi ap hoac front
cung vai Wang di chuyen va sty phat
trie'n cCia chUng
PSYS: 06 N5130 E01000 L 1004HPA
MOV NE 25KT WKN
May (M)
Thong tin ve may chlya du6c bao trong
Phan I, bao g6m loci may, do cao day
va dInh may so vai mat dat (AGL) hoac
mkic nutec bien trung binh (AMSL)
CLD: BKN SC 2500/8000FT AGL
CLD: NIL
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Mix ngu'ng ket (M)
DO cao mt:rc 0°C so vai mat dat (AGL) hoac so vai mix rurdc ben trung binh neu mirc nay thap han dinh cua lap khi quyen ma GAMET duac phat hanh
FZLVL: 3000FT AGL
Nhiet d6 mat bien va trang thai bien
(0)
Nhiet dO mat bien va tang thai bien neu duac yeu cau theo Ka hoach kh6ng van
SEA: 115 HGT 5M
Nui lira phun trao
(M)
Ten nui lira VA: ETNA
VA: NIL
GHI CHU: M= nOi dung bat buOc (inclusion mandatory, part of every message):
C = nOi dung co the CO hoac kh6ng, tery thuOc vao di& ;clan thai tiet:
0 = nOi dung t6y chon.
9 Cann bao theri tiet nguy hi6m (SIGMET, AIRMET, AD WRNG, WS WRNG)
9.1 Th6ng tin SIGMET
9.1.1 SIGMET la ban tin canh bao do co' so' canh bao thdri Wet hang khOng phat hanh, mo to
ngAn gon bang minh ng -6) chU' tat yes su xuet hien hoac du' kien xuk hien nhang hien tirong thai
tiet nguy hiam tren du'Oeng bay va cac hien tuvng khac trong khi quyen co the gay anh hu,Ong
den an toan cCia tau bay dang bay; bao g6m thOng tin ye vi tri, quy m6, cu'Ong d6, va phat
trien cua cac hien tu'ang do theo thai gian va kh6ng gian.
9.1.2 SIGMET sau khi phat hanh can du'ac chuyen ngay lap tiro tai to lai thOng qua co so, ATS
hoac thong qua VOLMET/D-VOLMET va bi hi:1y be) khi hien tuvng thdri tiet nguy hiem ket thbc
hoac du' kien khOng con xay ra trong khu vuc da th6ng bao hoac du' bao.
9.1.3 Thai kjr hiau lu'c cCia SIGMET khong qua 4 giO. Trong trudyng hap dac biat cac SIGMET ye
may tro byi nui va bao nhiat dai, thdri kjt hiau lu'c khong qua 6 gio'. Ca quan MWO phai duy
tri theo d6i su' phat then cCia hien twang ma SIGMET da phat hanh. Neu hien tuvng trong ban
tin SIGMET van con ton tai hoac dy, kien tiep tuc ton tai qua thdri k9 hiau Iu'c cua ban tin da phat
hanh thi phai cap nhat ban tin vai thOei kje mdri. SIGMET ye may tro nui lira va b5o nhiat
ddri duvc cap nhat it nh5t 6 gib' mot IAn. SIGMET cho cac hien tuvng khac &Ivo cap nhat it
nh5t 4 gio' mot I5n.
9.1.4 SIGMET lien quan den bac, nhiat ddri diya theo ngu6n thong tin chinh la thong tin tu' van
cung cap tool TCAC(s) du'o'c chi dinh theo Ke hoach khong van cCia ICAO khu V C APAC; ngu6n
thOng tin tham khao la thong tin dy, bao bao cua Trung tam Du' bao khi tuvng ThCiy van cu.& gia
hoac cac thong tin du' bao cua cac co' quan cly, bao thai tiet quoc to co uy tin khac.
9.1.5 SIGMET lien quan den tro byi nui luia can cicra tren thOng tin tu' van cung cap bdei VAACs
theo Ke hoach khong van cua ICAO khu APAC.
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9.1.6 Ca sd canh bao thdi tit hang khong, trung tam kiem soat cluteng dai lien quan va phong
NOTAM phai phOi hap chat che bao dam six nhat quan thong tin v6 tro bui nui ICra trong
SIGMET va NOTAM lien quan.
9.1.7 SIGMET du'ac phat hanh tarac kh6ng qua 4 gid so vai thdi diem bat 6u thai kY hiau Iy'c.
Trong tri.rdng hop dac brat doi vai SIGMET v'e tro bui nui ICra va bald nhiet dai, cac SIGMET nay
duvc phat hanh cang sam cang tot nhu'ng tru'ac kh6ng qua 12 gid so vai thdi diem bat cfau thdi
ky hiau Ityc.
9.1.8 S6 thin tcr cCia SIGMET twang Crng vai so luvng SIGMET da phat hanh cho FIR lien quan
tinh tCr 0001 UTC cua ngay SIGMET du' c phat hanh. Ca sd canh bao thdi tit co trach nhiam
phat hanh SIGMET cho han 01 FIR can phat hanh SIGMET hang cho tiirng FIR trong pham vi
trach nhiam.
9.1.9 SIGMET kh6ng clupc china cac m6 to khang can thi6t va chi phat hanh cho cac hian twang
thdi tit vai tinh chat, MCfC do, ardng d6 anh huPng a cac mu'c bay bang nhu' mo to tai Bang 4
duVi clay. Mai ban tin SIGMET chi canh bao va mot hian tuvng/m6t khu vu'c anh Viac
mo to han 01 khu vcrc/hian tuvng trong cang mot SIGMET chi duvc phep d6i vai SIGMET ve
tro bui nui lira va bao nhiet
Bang 4 - Cac hien tu'o'ng tho'i tiet nguy hiem de phat hanh SIGMET
HiO'n twetng Tinh chat, mCrc dO, ctreeng dO d6 Oat SIGMET va chip vik tat
DOng - Bi che khuat (OBSC TS)
- Tr6n Ian trong cac lap may khac (EMBD TS)
- Phan b6 day dac (FRQ TS)
- DOng duang t6 (SQL TS)
- DOng kern mina da bi che khuat (OBSC TSGR)
- DOng kern mu'a da tr6n Ian trong cac lap may khac (EMBD TSGR)
- DOng kern mina da phan bo day dac (FRQ TSGR)
- DOng dudeng to kern mu'a da (SQL TSGR)
Bao nhiet dai - Xoay thuan nhiet dai vai van t6c gio be mat trung binh 10 phut bang 17
m/s (34 kt) hoac han (TC + ten bao)
Nhieu dOng - Nhieu Ong manh (SEV TURB)
Dong bang - Dong bang manh (SEV ICE)
- DOng bang manh do mu'a dOng ket (SEV ICE (FZRA)
Song nui manh - S6ng nui manh (SEV MTW)
Bao bui - Bao bui manh (HVY DS)
Bao cat - Bao cat manh (HVY SS)
Tro bui nui lira - Tro bui nui lira (VA + ten mil lira r16u co)
May ph6ng xa - May ph6ng xa (RDOACT CLD)
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* SIGMET lien quan den dOng hay bao nhiet dai khOng bao g6m thong tin ye cac nian
tuvng di kern vOi dOng/ bao nhiet dai nhir nhi6u dOng, (Jong bang.
9.1.10 Ma luat, not dung va thu, tu' cua cac yeu to cau thanh trong dien van SIGMET tuan thu
theo theo Phu irac 3 ICAO ve Khi tuvng hang khong, tai lieu Hwang dan v.6 SIGMET khu vcrc
Chau A/Thai Binh Duong (Asia/Pacific Regional Sigmet Guide) cua ICAO khu vcrc va tai lieu
Huang dan ve ban tin MET do Cuc HKVN ban hanh.
9.1.11 SIGMET phat hanh a clang dO hga phai tuan thu theo rnau va cac quy dinh ve sir dung kjr
hieu hoac chin viet tat tai Phu luc 1 cilia Phu u,dc 3 ICAO.
9.1.12 SIGMET do MWO phat hanh can dt_rov phan phat den cac co' sa ATS lien quan, AMOs
lien quan, WAFCs, MWOs khac theo them thuan, cac trung tam duvc chi dinh phat VOLMET
hoac D-VOLMET, cac ngan hang du' lieu OPMET qu6c to theo Ke hoach ROBEX va cac trung
tam dich vu c6 dinh hang khong du'a ten mang internet duvc chi dinh tai Ke hoach khong van
cua ICAO khu vt,rc APAC. Ngoai ra, cac dien van SIGMET cho tro bui nui lira can duvc phan
phat den cac trung tam to van tro bui nui
9.1.13 ThOng tin ve viec cung cap dich vu SIGMET bao gom MWO duvc chi dinh phat hanh can
&roc bao cao trong AIP theo quy dinh tai Phu iyac 15 cua ICAO yes Dich vu th6ng bao tin tu'c
hang khong (Phu dinh 1, GEN 3.5.8).
9.2 Tieu chi c16 phat SIGMET
9.2.1 SIGMET ye clang (TS) duvec phat khi có xuat hien hoac clLy kien xuat hien dam dOng
hoac khu vvc may CB trong cac FIR cua Viet Nam vai kich thirac toi thieu nhu, sau:
- Trong pham vi khu vcrc trung tan cua cac san bay quoc te: 100 km x 100 km;
- Khu vu,c cac duiang hang khOng có mat TO bay cao: 100 km x 100 km;
- Cac khu vpv con lai trong cac FIR cua Viet Nam: 200 km x 200 km.
9.2.2 SIGMET phat cho SQL TS khi d6ng phan INS lien tuc thanh dai vol rat it hoac kh6ng co
khoang cach giCra cac dam may CB rieng biet; dO dai cua dai may bang hoac han 500 km va be
rOng bang hoac ho'n 100km.
9.2.3 SIGMET cho cac hien tuveng con lai duvc phat khi quan trac dt.rdec c6 xay ra hoac du bao
se xuat hien nhu, tai Bang 4.
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9.3 Thong tin AIRMET
9.3.1 AIRMET la ban tin canh bao do ca sa canh bao thai ti4t hang khong phat hanh theo thoa
thuan kh6ng van khu vu'c (co tinh den luu lu'o'ng hoat Tang bay thap dual FL100) m6 to ngan
gon bang minh ngCr chCr tat v6 sty xuat hien hoac du' kien xuat hien nhCrng hien tuvng thai ti4t
nguy hiem tren duang bay va cac hien twang khac trong khi quy4n co the gay anh hti&ng den
an toan cua cac chuyen bay mu,c thap, cung nhu, scr phat tri6n cCia cac hien tuvng nay theo
khOng gian va thai gian.
9.3.2 AIRMET se bi ht:iy IDO khi cac hien twang thai ti6t nguy hiem khOng con xay ra hoac kh6ng
con du' kien se xay ra trong khu vtic.
9.3.3 Thai ky hieu lu,c dm mat ban tin AIRMET la khOng qua 4gia.
9.3.4 S6 thir tu, cCia AIRMET tuung (mg vai s6 luvng AIRMET da phat hanh cho FIR lien quan
tinh tir 0001 UTC ci:Ja ngay lien quan. Ca sey canh bao thai tiet c6 trach nhiem phat hanh
AIRMET cho han 01 FIR can phat hanh AIRMET rieng cho tirng FIR trong pham vi trach nhiem.
9.3.5 AIRMET kh6ng chira cac mo to khOng can thiet va chi phat hanh cho cac hien tuyng
thai tit vai tinh chat, MUG da, cu'ang do anh huVng a cac mu'c bay bang quy dinh dai vai
AIRMET m6 to tai Bang 5 dual day. Trong m6i ban tin AIRMET chi bao g6m mot hien twang/mot
khu vp,c anh hu'ang.
Bang 5 - Cac hiOn tuvng thei tik a phat hanh AIRMET
Hi'On ttpc,,ng Tinh chit, min dr), ctromg do d6 phat AIRMET va chir vik tat
Gib be mat Gib be mat ten 15 m/s (30 kt) tren Olen rang
(SFC WIND [+ van t6c gio, huang, va dan vi])
Tam nhin ngang lap gan mat dat
Khu vcrc vol pham vi rang bi anh lityang bai tam nhin Om xu6ng duai 5000 m, bao g6m hien twang thai tit gay Om tam nhin.
(SFC VIS [+ tam nhin ngang] + [mot hoac ket hap cua cac hien tuvng thai tit sau: BR, DS, DU, DZ, FC, FG, FU, GR, GS, HZ, PL, PO, RA,
SA, SG, SN, SQ, SS or VA])
DOng - DOng rieng biet khOng kern mu'a da (ISOL TS)
- D6ng rai rac khOng kern mu'a da (OCNL TS)
- Dong rieng biet kern mt..ra da (ISOL TSGR)
- DOng rai rac kern mu'a da (OCNL TSGR)
Niii bi che khuat WI bi che khuat (MT OBSC)
May Khu vcpc vai pham vi rang bi bao phi bai may có van krong BKN hoac OVC vai d6 cao chan may thap cluVi 300 m (1000 ft) so vai mat dat:
- BKN CLD ( dO cao chan may, dinh may va dan vi do)
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TCCS 25:2019/CHK
- OVC CLD (d6 cao chan may, dinh may va dan vi do)
May CB - Rieng biet (ISOL CB)
- Rai rac (OCNL CB)
- Day dac (FRQ CB)
May TCU - Rieng Net ISOL TCU
- Rai rac OCNL TCU
- Day dac FRQ TCU
Bong bang EiOng bang arong d6 trung binh (ngoai trir d6ng bang trong may doi liru)
(MOD ICE)
Nhreu dOng Nhieu dOng cutyng d6 trung binh (ngoai trir nhieu dOng trong may d6i It.ru)
(MOD TURB)
Song niii Song ruji cudyng d6 trung binh
(MOD MTW)
VI DV AIRMET va AIRMET buy twang u'ng
AIRMET
YUDD AIRMET 1 VALID 151520/151800
YUSO
YUDD SHANLON FIR ISOL TS OBS
N OF S50 TOP ABV FL100 STNR WKN
AIRMET buy
YUDD AIRMET 2 VALID 151650/151800
YUSO —
YUDD SHANLON FIR CNL AIRMET 1
151520/151800
9.4 Cann bao tiled tik tai san bay (AD WRNG)
9.4.1 Canh bao theyi ti4t tai san bay (AD WRNG) la ban tin mo to ng6n gon bang minh ngCr chic
tat v6 di6u kien khi tu'ong c6 th6 anh hu'Ong xa'u den cac tau bay tren be mat san bay (bao g6rn
tau bay dang d6) hay co' sey ha rang (trang thik bi) va dich vu san bay nhu' xoay thuan nhit
d6ng, da, gi6 manh, gi6 giat, xoay 16c...
9.4.2 AMO lap va phat hanh AD WRNG v6 xoay thuan nhit d61, dOng cho cac san bay thu6c
trach nhWn d cung cap cho nha khai thac tang hang khong/san bay, dal kiern soat khong kru
lien quan va nvol sir dung dich vu khi tuvng khac theo thoa thuan.
* Khuyen nghi: AMO lap va phat hanh AD WRNG vo' mu'a da, gi6 manh, gi6 giat, xoay
I6c... cho cac san bay thu6c trach nhiOm khi co ch.) ca se' du bao, canh bao cac hiOn tugng nay.
9.4.3 AD WRNG can dircyc huy khi cac dieu kien khi tucyng trong ban tin kh6ng con xay ra hoac
khong con thy kien se xay ra tai san bay.
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9.4.4 S6 thin dia AD WRNG twang irng vai s6 luyng AD WRNG da phat hanh cho san bay
lien quan tinh tir 0001 UTC cUa ngay lien quan. Mau phat hanh ban tin AD WRNG theo cac tai
lieu cua ICAO va Hiyang dan v6 ban tin MET do Coc HKVN ban hanh.
9.5 Cann bao hien tw'a'ng gio dirt tai san bay (WS WRNG)
9.5.1 Canh bao hien tuvng gio dirt tai san bay (WS WRNG) la ban tin mo to ngan gon bang
minh ngir chCr tat v6 su' xua't hien hay du' kien se xu6t hien gi6 dirt (wind shear) co the gay Ann
hty&ng x6u den tau bay trong giai doan tip can ha canh, cat canh hoac bay vOng Ivan giOa
mu'c &rang CHC va d6 cao 500 m (1600 ft) hoac tau bay tren cluang CHC trong qua trinh Ian
xa da (landing roll) hay chay da (take-off run). Doi vai nhCrng nai do dac diem dia hinh dia
phuang giO dirt c6 the xay ra a da cao ten 500 m (1600 ft) ten miyc &rang CHC, WS WRNG
c6 the thrac can nhac canh bao cho hien twang gio dirt ten rillTC 500 m.
9.5.2 Tai cac san bay duvc trang bi he th6ng thiet bi do va phat hien gio dirt, co, sir MET lien
quan c6 trach nhiem lap va phat hanh WS WRNG dcra ten th6ng bao gio dirt do he th6ng dtra
ra. ThOng bao gio dirt (wind shear alert) la thong tin ng6n gon tirc thai ve gi6 dirt quan tr6c
ducec lien quan den su, thay d6i gi6 nguvc hoac xuai (headwind/tailwind) bang 7,5 m/s (15 kt)
hay han, duvc cho la co the anh hiyang x6u den tau bay trong giai doan tip can chat hoac bat
d'au cat canh, hay tau bay tren &rang CHC trong qua trinh Ian xa da hoac chay da.
* Khuye'n nghi: ThOng bao giO dint (wind shear alert) can dugc he th6ng cap nh at hang
phut va hu)i b6 ngay khi sv thay clOi giO nguvc/xuOi (headwind/tailwind) giam xu6ng du64 7.5 m/s
(15 kt).
9.5.3 DOi vai cac san bay khong duyc trang bi he thong thiet bi do va phat hien gio dirt, khi c6
du ca sir ve su' xay ra hoac du' kien xay ra gi6 dirt, ca so' khi twang san bay lap WS WRNG cho
cac san bay thu6c trach nhiem de cung cap cho dai kiem soat kh6ng lu'u lien quan va ngirai sir
dung dich vu khi tuyng khac theo them thuan. WS WRNG nay se bi huji bo khi bao cao tir tau
bay chi ra rang hien twang gio dirt th6ng bao trutec do khang con ton
9.5.4 Dai kiem soat tai san bay, ca sir kiem soat tip can co trach nhiem
a) Chuy4n ngay WS WRNG nhan duvc tir ca so' MET tai san bay cho tau bay dang tip
can ha canh, cat canh lay d6 cao;
b) Chuyen ngay bao cao ye hien tuvng gi6 dirt nhan clugc tit' tau bay dang ti4p can ha
canh, cat canh lay do cao cho ca so MET lien quan.
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10 Th6ng tin khi hau hang kh6ng
10.1 Thu thap, th6ng tin khi hau hang kh6ng
10.1.1 Cac co' so' khi tuyng san bay thu thap, x6, ly, th6ng ke, lu'u trill' so lieu khi hau cUa san
bay lien quan va cac san bay trong khu V VC trach nhiem de cung cap cho nguYi clung phuc vu
cac muc dich hang kh6ng hoac trao del Ian nhau phuc vu cac muc dich chuyen mon.
GHI CHU: Th6ng tin khi hau san bay duvc yeu cAu bgi nha khai thac bay chu y6u nhArn h6 trg viac lap ke
hoach hoat d6ng bay nhu m6 dung bay moi tai mot san bay cu the.
10.1.2 Thong tin khi hau hang khong can thiet cho viec lap ice hoach hoat d6ng bay duvc cung
cap du,ai dang cac bang th6ng ke khi hau san bay hoac tom tat khi hau san bay theo thOa thuan
giCra dun vi cung cap dich V1,1 MET vai nha khai thac.
10.1.3 Th6ng tin khi hau san bay ducic thong ke dcra tren chu6i s6 lieu quan trac thol ti6t san
bay t6i thi6u 05 nam lien tuc; thai gian thong We nay phai &vac the hien trong s6 lieu khi hau
cung cap. DO, lieu khi hau cua mot san bay mdei hoac duYng CHC mai cUa met san bay can
avec thu thap va thong ice sam nhat co the tru,ac khi van hanh thCr san bay hoac duteng CHC
10.2 Tilting ke, xU, 19 thong tin khi hau hang kh6ng
10.2.1 San pham th6ng ke khi hau hang kh6ng bao g6m hai clang chinh: bang thong ke khi hau
san bay hoac bang tom tat khi hau san bay.
10.2.2 Bang thong ke khi hau san bay la bang cung cap dix lieu th6ng ke ye xu6t hien cUa
mot hoac nhieu y6u to khi tuyng tai san bay, gia tri cUa cac yeu to va th6i gian xua't hien dia
chungdap Ung yeu c6u dia nha khai thac hang kh6ng va phuc vu cho viec lap bang tom tat khi
hau san bay. Cac s6 lieu thong ke co the bao g6m:
a) Gia tri trung binh, drc dai, cu'c ti4u cua cac y6u to khi tuyng (nhu' nhiet d6, khi ap,
huYng va tog d6 gio...);
b) Tan su'at xuAt hien cac hien tuang thed tiet nguy hi4m den hoat d6ng bay tai san bay
(vi du nhu' gi6 xuoi Ian hoac gio canh, d6ng, suvng mu, tam nhin hoac tan may thap clued tieu
chuan...);
c) Tan su6t xu .at hien cac gia tri xac dinh cUa mot hay ket hop nhiau y6u to khi twang.
10.2.3 Bang tom tat khi hau san bay la bang tong hap tom tat cac y6u to khi tuyng cu the tai
san bay du'a tren s6 lieu thong Ice. SO lieu tom tat khi hau co the g6m:
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TCCS 25:2019/CHK
a) Thn suat xuat hien tam nhin ngang/tam nhin dwang cat ha canh va/hoac d6 cao cCia
lap may thap nhat co luvng may BKN hoac OVC a mirc &raj gia tri quy dinh tai nhang thai gian
xac dinh;
b) Tan suat cOa Cam nhin dwai gia tri quy dinh tai nhirrig thai gian xac dinh;
c) Tan suat d6 cao lap may thap nhat co luvng may BKN hoac OVC (tran may/ ceiling) a
mirc dual gia tri quy dinh tai nhCrng thai gian xac dinh;
d) Tan suat xu6t hien cfong thai huang va t6c do gi6 trong khoang gia tri xac dinh;
e) Tan swat nhit c16 136 mat trong khoang gia tri da xac dinh la 5°C tai tai nhirng thai gian
xac dinh;
f) SO lieu trung binh nhieu nam cCia cac yeu to khi hau then ngay/thang trong nam.
10.2.4 Cac bang thong ke khi hau san bay phai CO thong tin v6 vi tri, d6 cao cua vi tri quan trAc
(san bay); bang tom tat khi hau san bay ngoai cac th6ng tin ten can CO tong s6 6r1 quan trAc
(obs) va thai gian quan trAc sir dung trong thong ice.
10.2.5 Cac ca sa khi tuvng san bay chu ciOng t6 chCvc xay dung phu'ang phap lu'u trCr, th6ng ke
s6 lieu quan trk san bay dithi hinh thirc phu hop de thuan tien cho viec chiet xu6t, xCv ly da lieu
va lap bang tom tat khi hau san bay dap Crng cac yeu cau cu the cUa ngt.rai sir dung hang
khOng. Mau bang tom tat khi hau san bay tai cac Phu luc E, G cCla Tai lieu nay.
11 Thong tin MET cung cap cho nha khai thac bay va to lai
11.1 Quy dinh chung
11.1.1 ThOng tin MET phai cluvc cung cap cho nha khai thac va to lai nham:
a) Lap Ice hoach truPc chuyen bay cua cac nha khai thac;
b) Lap Iai Ice hoach trong khi bay bai cac nha khai thac khi kiem soat hoat dOng bay;
c) Six dung cho t6 lai tarac khi khai hanh;
d) Tau bay dang bay.
11.1.2 Thong tin MET cung cap cho cac nha khai thac va to lai phai bao tram thai gian bay, dO
cao va pham vi dia ljt. Theo do, th6ng tin se lien quan den khoang thai gian du, kien den san bay
ha canh, cung bao g6m cac lieu kien khi tuvng giCra san bay du, dinh ha canh va san bay du bi.
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11.1.3 Th6ng tin MET cung cap cho cac nha khai thac va to lai phai clugc cap nhat mai nhat,
bao g6m toan b6 hoac mot s6 trong nhang thong tin duai day then th6a thuan giCra ca quan khi
tugng va cac nha khai thac c6 lien quan:
a) San phamdu baove:
(1) Gio va nhiet d6 khong khi tren cao;
(2) 96 am khong khi tren cao;
(3) D6 cao dia ljt cua cac muc bay;
(4) WPC bay va nhiet d6 dinh tang doi lu'u;
(5) Huang, t6c d6 va muc bay cua gi6 cuc dai (clang chay xiet);
(6) Hien ttygng thai tit nguy hiem SIGWX;
(7) May CB, dong bang va nhCeu dgng;
* Luu Y 1: Du' bao do 6m tren cao va do cao dia Iy cua cac 17 7 VC bay chi sCr dung trong lap ke
hooch bay tu, dOng va khOng can phai &roc hien thi.
* Luv k 2: Dcr bao may, may CB va nhieu clOng ducec xu' va hien thi tuy then cac ngu'ang cu the
lien quan den hoot Ong cua ngu'&i clang n'eu can.
b) METAR hoac SPECI (bao g6m du bao xu the TREND ban hanh then thoa thuan
khong van khu vuc) cho san bay khai hanh, san bay du dinh ha canh, san bay cat canh, san
bay doc &Yang bay va san bay du bi;
c) TAF hoac TAF !DO sung cho san bay khgi hanh, san bay du dinh ha canh, san bay cat
canh, san bay doc duang bay va san bay du bi;
d) Du' bao phuc vu cat canh;
e) Thong tin SIGMET va cac bao cao doc biet ttY tau bay lien quan den toan b6 duang
bay;
* Luv cac bao car, crac bit tif tau bay a day la nhang bao cao ve cac hien tvong chu'a clu'or
canh bao trong SIGMET.
f) ThOng tin v6 tro bui nOi ItYa va cac ban tin to van ve xoay thuan nhiet dai lien quan den
toan tuyen &rang bay;
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g) GAMET hoac city bao khu vcrc phut vy bay tam thap clang bieu d6 h6 tra viec phat
hanh AIRMET, va AIRMET cho cac chuyen bay tang thap phat hanh theo thoa thuan khong van
khu vu'c lien quan den toan tuOn &Fong bay:
h) Canh bao san bay cho cac san bay dia phLrang;
i) Anh may ve tinh khi tuvng;
j) Thong tin tir ra da thoi tit tren mat dat;
k) ThOng tin tu' van th61 tit khong gian (space weather) lien quan den toan tuy6n di_rOmg
bay;
I) Cac san pham dy" bao, canh bao, tr van tho'i tiat hang kh6ng khac theo th6a thuan
giCra nha cung cap dich vy MET v61 nha khai that.
11.1.4 Cac san pham bao a muc 11.1.3 a) la san pham duvc tao ra dCr lieu dy, bao so tri
do WAFC London hoac WAFS Washington cung cap, dam bao bao quat toan 130 tuy4n du'Oeng
bay du' kien (dd cao bay va khu VcPC dia ly) cho khoang theri gian bay du' kien, tri.r khi co th6a
thuan khac giCra khi tuvng san bay vai nha khai that lien quan. San pham VVAFS duvc
cung cap phai la san pham nguyen ban khong chinh sCra nOi dung.
11.1.5 ThOng tin MET cung cap tax tip cho cac nha khai that bay va t6 lai tareyc chuyen bay
tai phOng th6 tuc bay hoac theo phuvng thik lam th6 tyc bay tir xa duvc C1,1C HKVN chap
thuan.
11.2 Tu' van, thuyet trinh va hi6n thi thong tin MET
11.2.1 Thu* trinh hoac tu' van se du'o'c cung cap theo yeu cau cho cac to lai hoac nhan vien
dieu dO khai that bay nham cung cap thong tin moi nhat ve cac lieu kien khi tuvng hien hanh
va du' kien doc theo tuyan dlthng bay, tai san bay du' Binh ha canh, san bay du' bi va cac san
bay khac co lien quan.
11.2.2 Thong tin MET de thuyet trinh, tu' van va hien thi bao g6m mot s6 hoac tat ca cac thong
tin liet ke tai 11.1.3.
11.2.3 Trong tnyerng hdp ca sa khi tuvng san bay nhan Binh dieu kien khi tu,o'ng tai san bay co
skr bin chuyen khac vai thong tin dcr bao cung cap trong h6 sa khi tuvng da cung cap, to lai
can duvc thong bao va y va scr khac biet nay. Phan thuyet trinh thong tin b6 sung va
khac biet nay phai duvc ghi/chep lai tai th61 diem thuyet trinh va cung cap cho ngLro'i khai that.
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* Khuyan nghi: Thanh vier? t6 Iái va/hoac nhan vier; dieu do, khai that bay (ngu'ai nhan
H6 so. khi tuang) nen den ca quan khi twang san bay de clucyc cung cap dich vu hi, van, thuyet
trinh thOng tin MET phyc vu chuyen bay. D6i vai cac tru'ang hap lam ti) tuc bay ter xa hoac tai
cac san bay dia phvang khOng the thifc hien civar viec tu An, thuyet trinh trcrc tiep, ca quan khi
twang san bay can cung cap dich vu tu' van, thuyet trinh qua then thoai hoac cac phvang tien
vien thong ph6 hap khac.
11.3 H6 so, khi tu'o'ng
11.3.1 H6 sa khi tu'o'ng cung cap cho cac chuyen bay se bao g6m cac thong tin nhu' muc 11.1.3
a) (1) va (6), b), c), e), f) va, neu ph0 hgp, g), k).
* Liu y Cac yeu cau ve viec sCr dung he th6ng cung cep h6 sa khi tuang Ong dupc crt.ra ra
trong muc 11.4.
11.3.2 H6 sa khi tuyng cho cac chuyen bay co thoi luvng hai gia tro' xu6ng hoac quay yang cc')
the duyc giai han trong cac th6ng tin can thiet then thoa thuan giCra ca quan khi turgng va nha
khai that lien quan, nhung trong moi truang hap it nhat can bao g6m thOng tin tai 11.1.3 b), c),
e), f) va, neu phi' hop, g), k).
11.3.3 Tnyang hop co su' khac biet clang ke dia cac cac yeu to trong h6 sa khi tuvng da cung
cap ma co the tac Ong den viec lap ke hoach truPc chuyen bay hoac thay d6i ke hoach trong
chuyen bay, ca quan khi tuyng san bay can th6ng bao ngay lap tirc cho nha khai that lien quan
va chuyen ngay thOng tin sCra dOi/b6 sung/cap nhat cho nha khai that hoac cho ca so' khong
kru lien quan de cung cep cho t6 lai, then van ban hiep deing cung cep dich vu MET giCra cac
ben.
11.3.4 Ca quan khi tu,ang phei lu'u trip th6ng tin cung cep cho to lai bang ban in hoac cac tap file
mem tren may tinh trong khoang thai gian it nhat 30 ngay ke to ngay phat hanh. Thong tin nay
se duyc cung cep then yeu cau hoac phuc vu dieu tra. Khi CO yeu cau, cac thong tin nay se
du,gc giCr lai cho den khi hoan thanh muc dich yeu cau hoac viec dieu tra.
11.4 He th6ng cung cap h6 so' khi tu'o'ng, tu' van, thuy6t trinh, 14p ke hoach bay tu' Ong
truVc chuy6n bay
11.4.1 1D6i vai cac tarang hap sir dung he th6ng dOng cung cap va hien thi thOng tin khi
tuyng cho nha khai that va thanh vien t6 lai truPc chuyen bay (goi tat la he th6ng cung cep
thOng tin tu, Ong) phuc vu cho cac muc dich ty' thuyet trinh, lap Ice hoach bay va khai that 116
sa khi tuyng tru'ac chuyen bay thi viec cung cap, hien thi thOng tin phai dap Crng cac quy dinh
tai 11.1 den 11.3 ten day.
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11.4.2 Doi vai cac tru'ang hop he thong cung cap thOng tin tty dOng duvc sir dung de cung cap
thong tin khi tuvng va dich vu thong bao tin ft:pc hang khong thong qua mot c6ng truy cap chung
cho nha khai thac, thanh vien to bay hay nhang ngu'ai dung hang kh6ng khac, ca s& khi tuvng
lien quan co trach nhiem bap dam viec kiem soat va quan ly chat li_rang doi vai thong tin khi
tuvng cung cap.
11.5 Thong tin MET cung cap cho tau bay dang bay
11.5.1 AMO hoac MWO cung cap thOng tin khi tuvng cho tau bay dang bay thOng qua ca so'
ATS lien quan hoac qua D-VOLMET, VOLMET theo thoa thuan khong van cua ICAO khu vu'c
APAC. Cac th6ng tin phuc vu muc dich lap ke hoach bay cho tau bay dang bay duvc cung cap
khi c6 yeu c6u cua nha khai thac theo thOa thuan vai ca s& MET lien quan.
11.5.2 Bat kj, thong tin khi twang nao ma ca so' ATS yeu cAu lien quan den tinh hu6ng kh6n cap
cua tau bay can duvc cung cap nhanh nhat c6 the.
12 Thong tin MET cung cap cho co' so' ATS, AIS, SAR
12.1 Thong tin MET cung cap cho co' so' ATS
12.1.1 Tin tCrc khi tuvng cung cap cho ca so' dieu hanh bay la tin tirc duvc cap nhat mai nhat
can thiet cho viec thcrc hien chirc n5ng kh6ng luau, do ca s& MET cung cap theo van ban hiep
d6ng/hop clOng/van ban ph& hap bao dam dich vu MET kji ket giCra hai ben.
12.1.2 Ca s& khi tuvng san bay, tram quan tr6c khi tu'ang san bay c6 trach nhiem cung cap cho
dai kiem soat tai san bay (TWR), co sey kiem soat ti4p can (APP) cua san bay lien quan nhirng
thOng tin sau:
a) MET REPORT/SPECIAL, METAR/SPECI, du, bao xu the TREND, TAF/TAF AMD cua
san bay lien quan;
b) SIGMET, AIRMET, WS WRNG, AD WRNG;
c) Thong tin nhan duvc y6 tro !Dui nui lira ma chu'a bao g6m trong SIGMET;
d) Cac thong tin khac theo thoa thuan giCra hai ben.
12.1.3 Ca s& canh bao thai tit hang khOng (MWO) co trach nhiem cung cap cho ca s& kiem
soat &rang dai (ACC) lien quan nhCrng thOng tin sau:
a) METAR/SPECI, TREND, TAF/TAF AMD cua cac san bay trong FIR thuOc trach nhiem;
ngoai ra n4u duvc ACC yeu cAu co the cung cap them ban tin cua cac san bay trong cac FIR
Ian can theo thoa thuan khOng van khu vu'c;
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b) SIGMET, AIRMET, AIREP, du' bao gio va nhiat dO tren cao;
c) Bat k9 thong tin MET nao khac ma ACC yeu chu de cung cap cho tau bay dang bay.
Trong tarang hap th6ng tin khong co san, MWO co the phoi hap vai cac ca sO khi twang san
bay de CO them thong tin khi twang cung cap cho tau bay sang bay theo yeu chu ciia ACC lien
quan;
d) Th6ng tin nhan du'ac vh tro bui nui lira, scr phun trap° hoac chuan bi phun trao cua nui
hoac su phat thai phong xa trong khi quyhn;
e) Cac ban tin tu' van bao nhiat dai va van ve tro bui nui lira ti.r cac TCAC hoac VAAC
lien quan do ICAO chi dinh;
f) Cac th6ng tin khac theo thoa thuan giCra hai ben.
12.2 Thong tin MET cung cap cho co' s& AIS
12.2.1 Thong tin MET cung cap cho ca so' AIS bao gam:
a) Tin tin vh dich vu MET can cong b6 hay b6 sung trong AIP Viet Nam. NOi dung cung
cap du'ac quy dinh cu the trong cac tai lieu PANS-AIM, Doc 10066 cua ICAO, cac van ban quy
pham phap luat, cac quy dinh, huang dan cua Cuc HKVN.
b) Cac tin tin khi twang dac biat cho ca so' AIS de phat hanh NOTAM hoac ASHTAM
vh:
+ Viec thiht lap, huy bo, hoac nhu'ng thay d6i dang ka trong khai thac dich vu MET.
Nhang thong tin nay can du'ac cung cap cho ca so' AIS trong that gian du sam tru'ac that gian
hiau phat hanh NOTAM theo quy dinh;
+ Su' xuht hian cua hoat dOng nui lira;
+ Su' phat thai cac chat ph6ng xa vac khi quyhn.
c) Thong tin can thiht de ca so' AIS phat hanh AIC, bao gam cac thay dai vh ha tang k9
thuat, quy trinh, dich vu MET hoac anh hu'Ong cua nhang hian turang thai tiht nhat dinh d6i vai
hoat Ong bay.
12.3 Thong tin MET cung cap cho co' SAR
12.3.1 Ca sey MET ph6i hap chat the vai co, so' cung cap dich vu tim kiam, ct:ru nan khi ctrac
yeu chu tham gia tim kiarn ciru nan tau bay theo van ban ph& hap cung cap dich vu MET k9 k6t
giCra hai ben.
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12.3.2 Dich vu MET cung cap cho ca ser SAR bao gOm:
a) Dieu kien khi tuyng tai nhang vi tri doc then 16 trinh bay, cac san bay du' bi, vi tri cu6i
cung ct.)a tau bay truVc khi gap nan;
b) Dieu kien th&i tiet hien tai, bao xu the thgi tiet tai khu vcrc hoat dOng tim kiem tau
bay bi nan va cac san bay can Cu' tim kiem, ct:ru nan;
c) Cac tin tCpc khi tuyng san có khac then yeu cAu c6a ca so' cung cap dich vu tim kiem,
cai nan.
12.3.3 Thong tin MET tai 12.3.2 a) va b) bao g6m th6ng tin chi tiet y6:
+ Cac hien tu'o'ng tho'i tiet nguy hiem tren duPng bay;
+ Logi va luyng may, d6 cao chan may, dO cao dinh may CB;
+ T5m nhin va cac hien tuvng thai tiet lam giam tam nhin;
+ Gi6 be mat va giO ten cao;
+ Trang thai mat d5t, dac biet khu vuc co tuye't phu hoac ng5p nt_reec;
+ Nhiet dO va tang thai mat nuPc ben, khu vu'c co b5ng ph6 (neu co);
+ S6 lieu khi ap quy v'e M nuPc bin trung binh;
+ Cac thOng tin khac then thoa thu5n gitaa hai ben.
13 Trao d6i, cung cap th6ng tin khi tuvng hang kh6ng
13.1 Yeu cau ve phu'o'ng tien thong tin lien lac cung cap, trao d6i so lieu MET
13.1.1 AMO, AMS can duyc trang bi cac phuang tien thong tin lien lac phi.i hap de cung cap
thong tin khi tuyng can thi4t cho cac co' so' ATS tai san bay trach nhiem (TWR, APP, ca ser/IDO
ph5n thOng bao tin tCrc hang khong), nha khai thac bay, nha khai thac cang hang khong/san bay
lien quan va nguPi sir dung dich vu khi tuyng khac then quy dinh tai 5.1.6 va 5.1.7.
13.1.2 MWO can ciuvc trang bi cac phtyang tien thong tin lien lac phi] hop de cho phep cung
cap thong tin khi tuvng can thiet cho cac co' sa ATS (ACC), AIS, SAR trong FIR trach nhiem va
vung tim kiem ct:pu nan lien quan va cac croi tuvng SCE dung khac neu tai 5.1.8 va 9.1.12.
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13.1.3 Phuvng tien thong tin lien lac giCra AMO hoac AMS vgi TVVR hoac APP phai du'ac thiet
lap lien lac thoai tro'c tiep vai t6c dO truy6n dap Crng de cac ca so' nay c6 the lien lac duvc vai
nhau trong khoang 15 giay.
13.1.4 Phtyang tien thong tin lien lac giCra AMO hoac MWO vai ca so' AIS, ATS, SAR lien quan
phai bao dam:
a) Lien lac thoai trcrc tip vai t6c d6 trusien dap Ong de cac ca so' c6 the lien lac dirac
trong khoang 15 giay;
b) Lien lac dang ban ghi khi ben nhan th6ng tin yeu c6u phai luiu trir; thai gian chuyen
ban tin khong qua 5 phut.
* GHI CHU: "trong khoang 15 giay" 6, 13.1.3 va 13.1.4 de cap den cac lien lac dien thoai thong qua tong dai,
va "khong qua 5 phOt" de cep den viec trao doi th6ng tin (Judi gang ban ghi tinh ca viec ban ghi dtycic chuyen di.
13.1.5 Phiyang tien thOng tin lien lac de cap tai 13.1.3 va 13.1.4 can dugc b6 sung bang thong
tin clang hinh anh hoac cac giao tip tru'c quan khac khi co the nhu, truy6n hinh mach kin
(closed-circuit television) hoac cac he thong xCr IY thOng tin rieng biet.
13.1.6 Cac phiyang tien thOng tin lien lac phi hap can duvc trang bi de cho phep cac ca sae
MET (AMO, AMS, MWO) trao d6i thong tin OPMET then Ke hoach ROBEX va vai cac ca so'
MET lien quan.
* GHI CHO: Phuvng tier) thong tin lien lac dung trong viec trao d6i thOng tin OPMET la dich vu c6 dinh hang
kh6ng (AFS/AFTN/AMHS), hoac dich vu Internet ding cong d6i vai nhang truVng hap trao doi thOng tin khi tuvng
quan trong va kh6ng thuVng xuyen. Ngoai ra, dich vu co dinh hang khong dira ten mang Internet dieu hanh beri cac
WAFC phi) song toan cau duqc dung de h6 try cac hoat dOng trao doi th6ng tin OPMET.
13.2 Trao dOi thong tin qua dich vu c6 dinh hang khong va mang Internet
13.2.1 Cac tap tin OPMET truyen qua he thong thong tin co dinh hoac mang Internet bao g6m
cac ban tin phat hanh tir cac tram g6c la AMO hoac AMS (then Muc 11.2 Chuang 11, Phu isac
3 ICAO).
* CHI CHU: Tap tin khi twang bao g6m cac ban tin OPMET cho phep truyen qua he thong thOng tin co dinh
hang kh6ng cOng vai cac tyu tien va cac chi s6 tier) lien quan duvc het ke trong Chuang 4, quyen II "Vier) thong
Hang khong" thu6c Phu Lyo,c 10 ICAO.
13.2.2 San pham WAFS dang s6 duvc truyen tCr cac WAFC bang cach sir dung k9 thuat truyen
th6ng dCr lieu nhi phan. Phiyang phap va cac kenh truyen phat cac san pham WAFS cluvc xac
dinh tai KO hoach khong van khu viyc APAC.
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13.3 Sir dung dich vu truy'en th6ng hang khong di dng
N6i dung va dinh clang cilia thOng tin khi tuvng truyen tai tau bay va truyen tip tau bay
phai phu hgp vai cac quy dinh tai Phu u'ac 3 ICAO va Tai lieu nay.
13.4 Dich vu dveyng truy'en dip lieu hang !thong (aeronautical data link service) va dich vy
phat thanh hang khong (aeronautical broadcasting service)
Dich vu cluVng truyen dir lieu hang khonq - not dung D-VOLMET
13.4.1 Trong khu vvc Chau A - Thai Binh arang, cac METAR, SPECI hien hanh cling vO'i du
bao xu the TREND, TAF duvc cung cap cho tau bay clang bay sir dung dich 1/1,1 cluVrig truyen
dip lieu hang khOng thOng qua D-VOLMET theo Ice hoach khOng van khu vcrc.
*GHI CHU: Dal vai D-VOLMET, yeu cau ve cung cap METAR va SPECI co the tim thay trong phan dich vu
th6ng tin lien ket chuyen bay (D-FIS) vai ten goi "Dich vu ban tin khi tuvng th6ng thuang tai san bay (D-METAR)";
yeu cau v6" cung cap TAF co the tim thay trong phan D-FIS vai ten gpi "Dich vu du' bao tai san bay (D-TAF)"; con yeu
cau v6 cung cap SIGMET va AIRMET co the tim thhy trong phan D-FIS vai ten gpi "Dich vu duang truy6n di), lieu
SIGMET (D-SIGMET)". Chi tit v6 dich vu duang truy6n dCy lieu hang kh6ng duvc quy dinh trong Huang dan y6 cac
Ung dung dich vu duang truy6n du' lieu hang kh6ng (Tai lieu Doc 9694 cua ICAO).
Dich vu ghat thanh hang khOnq - not dung phat thanh VOLMET:
13.4.2 Trong khu V VC chau A - Thai Binh Duvng, th6ng tin khi tuvng SLY dung cho tau bay clang
bay &Tic cung cap thong qua phat thanh VOLMET theo Ke hoach khOng van khu vkrc.
13.4.3 Lich phat song VOLMET phan ra hai clang: phat thanh lien tuc thuteng a Can s6 VHF va
phat thanh dinh k9, thugng g Can s6 HF.
+ N6i dung phat thanh VOLMET lien tuc bao g6m METAR va SPECI hien hanh cung vai
du bao xu the TREND.
+ N6i dung phat thanh VOLMET dinh k9 bao g6m METAR va SPECI hien hanh cung vai
clty bao xu the TREND. Phat thanh VOLMET dinh k9 cung bao g6m TAF va SIGMET dot vai
nhirng truteng ho'p co trong Ke hoach khong van cCia ICAO khu vkic.
14 You au 4:16i vevi he: thong k9 thuOt, thiOt bi MET
14.1 Quy dinh chung
14.1.1 Cac co, sa MET phai co du he th6ng k9 thuat, trang bi, thiet bi khi tuvng, phurang tien
thOng tin lien lac ph0 hgp de khai that, trao doi so lieu MET phuc vu tong tac quan trac, bao,
canh bao tho'i ti6t; cung cap, phat hanh cac san pham MET tai ngt_rgi dung trong pham vi trach
nhiem; quan 19, lu'u trip du' lieu MET.
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14.1.2 He th6ng k9 thuat, thiet bi MET la he th6ng k9 thuat, trang bi, thiet bi chuyen dung duvc
thiet ke, the tao, lap dat vai he s6 an toan k9 thuat cao, dam bao the d6 hoat d6ng lien tuc
24/24 gia, dap irng cac tieu chuen dia ICAO va cac quy Binh lien quan dia Viet Nam. Cac he
th6ng k9 thuat, thiet bi khi tuvng sau phai duvc cep giey phep khai thac tru'ac khi du'a vao khai
thac chinh thCrc:
a) He th6ng quan trk khi tuvng (tcy d6ng hoec ban ty dgng);
b) He th6ng do dac, canh bao hien tuvng gi6 dirt;
c) He th6ng ra da thai ti6t;
d) He th6ng anh may ve tinh khi tuvng (thu, xCr lk hien thy);
e) He th6ng thu thap, xt:r ljr so lieu khi tuvng co' ban;
f) He th6ng san phern bao thai ti6t toan cau (WAFS) (thu, XCF ly, hien thi);
g) He th6ng ca s& du' lieu khi tuvng hang khong;
h) Cac thiet bi quan trk thOng dung.
14.1.3 Cac he th6ng k9 thuat, thiet bi MET cung cep dir lieu tru'c tiep phuc vu cho hoat d6ng bay
(cac he thong quan trec, cung cep h6 sa khi tuvng, cung cep ban tin quan trec, du' bao, canh
bao) phai co phu'ong an du' ph6ng thich hop khi gap c6 de dam bao so lieu lien tcic.
14.1.4 He th6ng k9 thuat, trang bi, thiet bi khi tuvng, phtyang tien thong tin lien lac phai có s6
nhat ky hoat d6ng va tai lieu k9 thuat, tai lieu huang den khai thac ci:Ja he th6ng duvc cap nhat
thu'ang xuyen. Danh Mt,JC t6i thieu cac he th6ng k9 thuat, trang bi, thik bi sir dung cho ca sa
MET tai Phu luc H cua tai lieu nay.
14.1.5 He thong k9 thuat, thiet bi khi twang hang khOng du'ac cep giey phep khai thac khi dap
(png cac quy dinh sau:
a) Dap Ong cac tieu chuen, quy chuen k9 thuat ciia ICAO va cOa Viet Nam d6i vai khi
tu'ang hang khong hoac cac tieu chuan, quy chuen duvc Cuc HKVN cong nhan dap Crng yet.]
cau khai thac;
b) Co bien ban ban giao, nghiem thu k9 thuat;
c) CO thiet bi thay the du' phong;
d) Co giey phep sir dung tan s6 va thiet bi phat song vO tuyen dien (neu ap dung);
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e) CO tai lieu khai that, bao du'o'ng cda he th6ng k9 thuat, thiet bi khi tuyng hang kh6ng
bang tieng Viet hoac tiang Anh (neu tai lieu bang tiang Anh phai dam bac, nhan vier' hieu va khai
that dLIVC tai lieu).
14.2 Quy dinh d6i th6ng k9 thu4t, thik bi quan trac khi tuvng
14.2.1 Thiet bi quan trac khi tuyng san bay bao g6m ca he thong quan trac tLy d6ng va cac thiet
bi quan trac thong dung can dap Cing cac tieu chuan va khuyen cao thLyc hanh nat.! tai Phu irdec
3 ICAO (Chuang 4 va Phu luc 3 va quan trac va bao cao khi tuyng); cac tai lieu DOC 8896 (Phu
luc 2: Vi tri cua thiet bi tai san bay), DOC 9837 Huang dan va he thong quan trac dOng tai
san bay, DOC 9328 Huang clan thcrc hanh quan trac va bao cao tam nhin tren duYng cat, ha
canh; va Thong to cCia BO Giao thong van tai Quy Binh va quan lc/ va bao dam hoat Ong bay.
14.2.2 Doi vai cac san bay thu'c hien phuvng thdv tiap can va ha canh chinh xac theo tieu
chuan CAT I, CAT II va CAT III phai duvc lap dat he thong quan trac dOng (AWOS) phd ho'p
co chCrc nang do/danh gia, thu thap, ;6.19, truy6n dan va hien thi theo thgi gian thvc dOi vai cac
th6ng s6 khi tuyng CO anh hugng clan hoat dOng CHC cda tau bay bao GiO be mat, VIS,
RVR, d6 cao than may, nhiet d6 khong khi, nhiet d6 diem suyng, khi ap. Ben canh dO, theo quy
dinh tai Phu utc 3 cda ICAO, toan 66 s6 lieu quan trac phai duvc luu tr0, trong he th6ng t6i
thieu 30 ngay de trich xuat phut vu cac muc dich dieu tra tai nan, su c6 an toan hang khong khi
duvc yeu cau.
14.2.3 Cac AMS phai duyc trang bi cac thiet bi quan trac thong dung, hoat dOng dgc lap co kha
nang do dac cac yeu to khi tuo'ng ca ban (giO, nhiet d6 kh6ng khi, diem suvng, khi ap) de doi
chieu gidp phat hien sai loi cUa du, lieu he th6ng AWOS va lam ph6ng trong truYng hop he
th6ng quan trac tLy idgng gap scr c6 hoac cac truVng hgp thien tai.
14.2.4 Va tong quan, viac b6 tri, lap dat cac thiet bi quan trac san bay can dap Crng:
a) Darn bao s6 lieu quan trac dai dien cho toan bo khu vcrc san bay not chung va dai dien
cho khu vu'c hoat dgng cat canh, ha canh doi vai mgt so loai s6 lieu cu the theo tieu chi va quan
trac va bao cao cac s6 lieu quan trac khi tugng quy dinh tai muc 6.4 cda tai lieu nay;
b) Tuan thu cac quy dinh va han the chuVng ngai vat, giam thieu anh hutng cua
chutng ngai vat den chat luvng cda du, lieu quan trac;
c) Mc)t s6 thiet bi yeu cau co cac tong trinh/thiet bi phy try linh hopt;
d) Vi tri lap dat tuyng thich vai dieu kien dia hinh, ngu6n dien va thiet bi thOng tin lien
lac.
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M6t s6 hu'ang clan v6 vi tri lap dat va han ch6 tinh khong (56i v61 thi6t bi quan trhc san
bay nhu, tai Bang 6 va Phu luc I cua Tai lieu nay.
* Luu k: Do tinh chat dac the] cua quan trk khi tugng phyc vu hoot clOng bay, yeu ca'u va' vi tri dat/
/hp dat cac thiet bi do dac, quan frac khi tuong san bay (bao g6m ca thief bi thOng dung va cam bian cua
he th6ng quan trk tcr Ong) khac biet vai cac quy Binh doi vai quan trk khi tugng th6ng dung. Do do cac
quy Binh ci6i vOl tram quan trk synop hay vuOn quan trk thu6c mang lutyi khi tugng thciy van quoc gia
kh6ng ap dung d6i vai quan trig khi twang hang khOng.
Bang 6 - Vi tri dot cac thik bi khi tuyng tai san bay
Yhu t6 khi tuyng do dac
Loai thie bi
i, t K ch thwerc di•e'n hinh cua thiet bi
Khu vu'c hoat • ,. •• dOng ma yeu to
do dac can dai di0
Vi tri lap dat theo Phu UV'. C 3 ICAO
Ghi ch6
-roc d6 May do gio Thu,Ong duoc - Cac dieu kien doc KhOng quy - Vi tri lap dat phi.) va va canh giO gan tren cot tro theo dugng CHC dinh cu the thu6c vao gigi han huVng hoac cot bum va vung cham mien so lihu chu,Ong ngai vat ten gi6 be (c6t gi6) lattice banh trong MET do dam bao be mat va the d6 gi6 mat mast) cao 10 m REPORT va dai dien cho thinh hanh trong khu
(30 ft) so vgi SPECIAL; cac khu viic vov Truteng hop mat dat dat tai vi - Cac dieu kien tren hoot d6ng trugng giO trong khu tri thich hop ghn dirOng CHC.
toan 66 dutyng CHC/khu pht:rc hop dubng CHC trong METAR/SPECI;
- Trong dieu kien giO think hanh c6 sv khac biet clang ke giCra cac phan/khu vtyc khac nhau cua dubng
lien quan. 1/1,FC san bay tiong dOi clOng nhat thi co the chi can mot may do dat tai vi tri thich hop, kh6ng vi pham viing OFZ (Obstacle Free Zone) ttLic la ben trong, be mat chuyen tip (transitional surface) doi voei dung CHC sir dung
nhieu thiet bi do gig de bao dam do duv cac du, lieu dac tru'ng cung cap cho c6ng tac dieu hanh bay.
CHC, can lap dot phirang
luc l).c
thCrc tip can chink xac (xem Phu
- Tuy nhien, tuy thu6c vao dieu kien cu the cua san bay c6 the phai lap dat cot gan thiet bi do gi6 trong dai le duVrig CHC. Trubng hap dac biet c6 the vi pham OFZ thi cot gi6 phai CO d6 linh hoat, ducyc chieu sang va duvc the chan bgi mot thiet bi dan cityorng san co. Vi tri dat can bao dam so lieu gio khong bi anh hugng beyi cac chiyang ngai vat nhu, nha cao hoac dOng gio gay ra beri hoat d6ng cua tau bay.
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RVR May do tam nhin loai do he s6 suy suy giarn (transmisso meter) hoac he so tan xa
Thuang sir dung 02 b6, m6i ID6 g6m may phat va may thu. Trong twang hop sir dung may do he s6 suy giam (transmissomete r) khoang cach cua b6 phat va b6 thu cach nhau khoang 20 met hay han tuy thu6c vao tam do mong muon. Try a:mg. Chieu cao dat thiet bi khoang 2.5 m (7.5 ft) so vai mat throng CHC.
CO the sCY dung toi da 3P0 may do tam nhin loai do he s6 suy giarn hay tan xa cho khu \Arc tiep dal, diem giCra va diem cuoi cue moi du'ang CHC can do RVR (tuy theo nhu cau 2 tram hay 3 tram, quy dinh tai Phu utec 3 ICAO va Tai lieu DOC 9328).
Cach tryc tim du'O'ng CHC khOng qua 120 met; doi v61 khu vu'c tiep dat, diem gicra va diem cu6i cOa &rang CHC, thiet bi dirac dat doc theo dutYng CHC va cach 300 met; 1000 met va 1500 met tinh tu, them &Yang CHC.
- Oat trong khoang 120 m tinh tir tim du,ang cat ha canh va khOng vi pham vung OFZ (Obstacle Free Zone). - N'en sir' dung loai c6t/tru co cau triic linh hoat (deo) vi du nhu' de hinh Ong va s& dung bu long chiu cat (shearing bolts) tai chan de.
D6 cao chan may
May do d6 cao (Ceilometer )
Thu'ang thap han 1,5 m (5 ft) ten mat dat. Can try chac chan.
Dai dien cho (cac) ngu,O'ng &rang CHC dOi vai MET REPORT/ SPECIAL va dac tru'ng cho san bay va khu vcrc quan trec phu can san bay do' vai METAR/SPECI.
(5' khoang cach dual 1200 met (4000 ft) so vai dau them cham banh.
Co the nam trong dai le &rang CHC nhung khOng xam pham vao vOng OFZ doi vai duang CHC S Cr dung phiyang thirc tiep can chinh xac.
Nhiet d6 va 2 diem suang
Nhiet ke Thutmg & d6 cao dutri 1,5 m (5 ft) so vai mat dat, trong bong ram (trong lau/hOp chuyen dung hoac dual mai che).
Dai dien cho san bay
Khi Op Khi ap ke Dai dien cho san bay
Oat trong nha/h6p chuyen dung hoac &raj mai che.
14.2.5 Thiet bi quan tr6c khi trang phai duvc kie'rn dinh day du; ki6m tra thvang xuyen va kip
thai khac phuc n6u co hong hoc, sai 16i; hieu chinh toi thiL 01 lan/nam do ca quan co chi.rc
nang va nang Ityc thcrc hien; bao tri, bao &rang Binh kjr de dam bao thiet bi hoat dOng hieu qua,
dat dP chinh xac yeu
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14.3 Quy Binh d6i vdi h0 th6ng k9 thut, thik bi phuc vy tong tac thy Pao, canh Pao thol
tiet hang khong
14.3.1 AMO phai cluvc trang bi he th6ng k9 thuat, thief bi de thu, XCP 19 hoac phuang tien thong
tin lien lac va thiet bi dau cuoi de nhan, khai that, hien thi cac loai di', lieu khi tu'o'ng co' ban phuc
vu tong tac du bao, canh bao dam bao host clOng bay trong khu vuc trach nhiem, bao g6m cac
s6 lieu quan trec be mat (quan frac san bay va s6 lieu synop), quan trec tren cao (upper-air); dir
lieu anh may ye tinh khi tu'ang; du' lieu ra da th&i tiet,bao cao thol tiet dec biet va thfrang 10 tir
tau bay (khi co).
14.3.2 AMO phai duvc trang bi he th6ng k9 thuat, thiet bi de thu, xCr 19 hoac phLyang tien thong
tin lien lac va thiet bi dau cuoi de nhan, khai that cac san pham WAFS phuc vy viec lap va cung
cap h6 so khi tuvng.
14.3.3 Tai cac san bay c6 AMO, cac san bay quoc to co mat TO bay cao phai co he thong ra da
thai tiet va he th6ng do/phat hien/ canh bao gi6 dirt de theo doi va phat hien cac lieu kien th61
tiet dac biet nguy hiem d6i vol tau bay cat, ha canh nhu' dung, set, gi6 giat, gi6 dirt/ nhieu dOng
tang thap.
14.3.4 Tai cac san bay qu6c to chu'a duvc trang bi he th6ng ra da th61 tiet, doanh nghiep cung
cap dich vu MET phai bao dam toi thieu AMO lien quan va AMS tai san bay duryc trang bi he
th6ng ky thuat, thiet bi de thu, xCr 19 hoac phuang tien thong tin lien lac va thiet bi dau cuoi de
nhan, khai that, hien thi dir lieu ra da cua cac tram ra da Ian can (tai san bay qu6c to gan nhat
hoac ra da khi tuvng thuOc he th6ng cua T6ng coc Khi tuvng they van) giCip theo doi, phat hien
cac hien tuvng that.' tiet nguy hiem tai san bay va lap cac ban tin clLy bao, canh bao san bay
(TAF, TAF AMD, TREND, AD WRNG).
* Khuyen nghi: Doi vgi cac san bay not dia, doanh nghiep cung cep dich vu MET tai san
bay phai bao dam AMS tai san bay clugc trang bi he th6ng 1(2 thuat, thief bi de thu, x& ly hoac
phuung tien thOng tin lien lac va thiet bi Jac] cuoi de nhan, khai that, hien thi dCr lieu ra da cua
cac tram ra da Ian can (ra da thai tiet thu6c he th6ng khi tu'ang hang khOng hoac thu6c he th6ng
cua T6ng cuc Khi tu'o'ng thiiy van) phyc vg cOng tac theo dOi, phat hien cac hien tugng thai tiet
nguy hgtn tai san bay va lap cac ban tin du' bao, canh bao san bay (TAF, TAF AMD, TREND,
AD WRNG).
* Khuyen nghi: D6i vgi cac san bay chua duvc trang bi he th6ng do/phat hien/canh bao
gie dCrt, doanh nghiep cung cap dich vu MET tai san bay pile' t6 cht:rc nghien CCPU, thu thap,
th6ng Ice tan sua't xay ra hien tuvng gi6 dirt tai cac san bay thu6c trach nhiem lam ca set xac
Binh su' can thi6t ciAu tu' trang bi he th6ng do/phat hien/canh bao hien tu'ang gi6 dUt tang thap,
bao dam an toan cho hoat Ong bay.
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14.3.5 MWO phai duoc trang bi he th6ng k9 thuat, thiet bi de thu, )(Cr ljt hoac phuang tien thong
tin lien lac va thie't bi dau cuoi (54 nhan, khai thac, hien thi cac loai du' lieu khi twang phuc vu viec
phan tich, lap cac ban tin canh bao thai tiet nguy hi4m tren duang bay, g6m:
a) Quan trac thai tiat dac biet to tau bay (AIREP do ATS chuy6n tai MWO va bao cao
Tag biet tir tau bay chuye'n theo &rang truy'en Oa lieu hang kh6ng (data link));
b) S6 lieu mO hinh du' bao s6 tri (NWP), dac biet la s6 lieu mO hinh khu vcrc dO phan giai
cao quy mo trung binh hoac dia phuang;
c) S6 lieu quan trac P6 mat (synop) va tren cao (upper-air);
d) Thong tin v6 giO tren cao;
e) DCr lieu anh may ye tinh khi tuang;
f) Cac ngu6n du' lieu ra da thai tik trong khu vu'c trach nhiem;
g) DCr lieu v4 bao nhiet dai, tro bui nui ICra, chat thai phOng xa tir cac ngu6n &Ivo chi
dinh lien quan;
h) Cac dCr lieu tham khao khac.
Tai lieu tham khao
- Phu udec 5 ICAO: Don vi do luang SCY dung trong khai thac host dc)ng bay dan dung,
Ed. 5, Amd. 17, 07/2010;
- Phu irac 19 ICAO: Quan lc/ an toan (Annex 19 — Safety Management), Ed. 2, Amd. 1,
7/2016;
- Tai lieu DOC 9377: Huang dan v4 cong tac ph6i hop giCra dich vu kh6ng dich vu
thOng bao tin tCrc hang khOng va dich vu khi tuvng hang khOng (Doc.9377 — Manual on
Coordination between Air Traffic Services, Aeronautical Information Services and Aeronautical
Meteorological Services), Ed. 6, Amd. 1, 08/2018;
- S6 tay ROBEX (Robex Handbook), Ed. 13, 03/2019.
55
TCCS 25:2019/CHK
PHU LUC A: (Tham khao) MAU HO SO' KHI TUVNG
1. Dix lieu OPMET (Mau Al)
2. Ban dg gio va nhit d6 tren cao tai cac mat clang ap chu'An (Mau A2, A3 hoac A4)
3. Ban dg th61 tit nguy him mu'c cao (Mk A5). hoac mcpc trung (Mau A6), hoac mpg thap (Mau
A7 hoac A8)
4. Tu' van v6 bag nhit dai dang (36 hoa (Mau A9) (n6u co)
5. Tu' van ve tro bui nui ICya dang do hoa (M5u A10) (n6u co)
6. SIGMET ve bag nhit dai dang do hoa (Mau All) (n6u co)
7. SIGMET v6 tro bui nui ICra dang dg hga (M5u Al2) (n6u co)
8. SIGMET v6 hien tuyng thol tit nguy him kh6ng phai bag nhi"0 dal hay tro bui nOi lira clang d6
hoa (Mau A13) (n6u ca)
' 56
TCCS 25:2019/CHK
Du, lieu OPMET
MAU Al
ISSUED BY
METEOROLOGICAL OFFICE (DATE, TIME UTC)
INTENSITY
" - " (light); no indicator (moderate); " +" (heavy, or a tornado/waterspout in the case of funnel cloud(s)) are used to indicate the intensity of certain phenomena
Bt. - blowing SH - shower(s)
- mist fog
- smoke - volcanic ash - widespread dust - sand - haze
TS - thunderstorm FZ - freezing (supercooled)
dust,'sand whirls (dust devils) squall tunnel cloud(s) (tornado or waterspout) sandstorm duststorm
DESCRIPTORS
MI - shallow
PR - partial BC - patches
OR - low dntting
PRESENT WEATHER ABBREVIATIONS
DZ - drizzle
BR RA
rain
FC SN - snow
FU SG - snow grains
VA PL - ice pellets
DU CR - hail
SA Cs - small hail and/or snow pellets
HZ
PO - SQ - FC -
SS -DS -
EXAMPLES
I+SHRA - heavy shower of rain
FZDZ - moderate freezing drizzle
I +TSSNCR thunderstorm with heavy snow and hail
TSSN - thunderstorm with moderate snow SNRA - moderate snow and rain
SELECTED ICAO LOCATION INDICATORS
CYUL Montreal Pierre Elliot Trudeaui Intl
EDW. Frankfurt/Main EC;LL london,'Heathrow CMMC Casablanca!Anfa
HLCA Cairo/Ind HKJK Nairobilomo Kenyan,' KJFK New York; John F. Kennedy Intl LFPG Paris/Charles de Gaulle NZAA Auckland Intl
()BBI Bahrain Ind RFT Tokyo Intl SBGL Rio de laneiro/Galeao Ind YSSY Sydney/Kingsford Smith Intl Z B.AA Beijing; Capital
METAR CYUL 240/001 27018G3OK I 5000 SN FEVV020 BKNO45 M02/K107 Q0995.=
METAR EDDF 240950Z 05015KT 9999 FEW025 04!M05 Q1018 NOSIG=
METAR LFPG 241000Z 07010KT 5000 SCT010 BKNO40 02/M01 Q1014 NOSIG=
SPECI GM M C 2205301 24006KT 5000 -TSGR BKNO161CU F EW020CB SCT026 08/07 Q1013=
TM AM D NZAA 240855Z 2409/2506 240100 9999 FEW030 BECMG 2411/2413 VRBO2KT 2000 HZ FM 242200 24010KT CAVOK=
TAF ZBAA 240440Z 2406/2506 13004M PS 6000 NSC BECMG 241 5/241 6 2000 SN OVC040 TEMPO 2418/24211000 SN BECMG 250012501 32004M PS 3500 BR NSC BECMG 2503:2504 32010C2OM PS CAVOK=
TAF YSSY 240443Z 2406/2506 05015KT 3000 BR SCT030 BECMG 2414/2416 330081(T FM 2422 04020KT
CAVOK=
HECC SI GM ET 2 VALID 240900124120011ECA-
HECC CAIRO FIR SEV TURK OBS N OF N27 FL 390'440 MOVE 2SKMH NC.
57
4 F
1.41 lk, $r- - pie. -6 1
4 4 R SI - P.
.. ; 7 --s.f. ; tr J ,1 , 2,4'• . l ,
1# gp, a.
a 4.2 /•• C tni
Lti N a
ea
41
7 0
to
Iv;
TCCS 25:2019/CHK
Ban d6 gi6 — nhit do tren cao tai cac mu'c khi ap tieu chuin
Mau A2 (Phep chieu Mercator - Mercator projection)
58
tr
44
!1"
tr. t• ea-.. .
I
•
• '
r ;)
.r. A '
• lf
LA- t
•••••.t.„' •,„
• 141.
A`
• • N-03 ,
.41` • • gn
•
•••
TCCS 25:2019/CHK
Ban d6 gm — nhi,t dO tren cao tai cac my'c khi Ai) tiou chuAn
Miu A3 (Phep chieu ci.yc - Polar stereographic projection)
59
L
