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IEA Bioenergy Task 37, 6 April 2017, Vlijmen, The Netherlands
Task 37 Work Programme and Green Gas
Prof Jerry D MurphyTask Leader International Energy Agency (IEA) Energy from Biogas, Director of
MaREI (Centre for Marine and Renewable Energy), University College Cork, Ireland
IEA Bioenergy Task 37
Australia Bernadette McCabeAustria Bernard Drosg / Günther BochmannBrazil Cícero Jayme BleyDenmark Teodorita Al-SeadiFinland Saija RasiFrance Olivier Théobald / Guillaume BastideGermany Jan LiebertrauIreland Jerry MurphyKorea Ho KangNorway Tormod BriseidSweden Mattias SvenssonSwitzerland Urs BaierThe Netherlands Mathieu DumontUnited Kingdom Clare Lukehurst / Charles Banks
Member countries participating in Task 37
IEA Bioenergy Task 37
IEA Bioenergy Task 37
http://task37.ieabioenergy.com/technical-brochures.html
http://task37.ieabioenergy.com/technical-brochures.html
Technical Reports Triennium 2016 - 2018
1. Food waste digestion systems.2. International approaches to sustainable anaerobic digestion3. Grid injection and greening of the gas grid4. The role of biogas in the circular economy5. Validity of BMP results6. Methane emissions7. Biomethane as a transport fuel8. Sustainable Bioenergy Chains (Collaboration with Task 40)
IEA Bioenergy Task 37
Case Studies 2016 - 2018
IEA Bioenergy Task 37
http://task37.ieabioenergy.com/case-studies.html
http://task37.ieabioenergy.com/case-studies.html
6 European gas grids have committed to 100% green gas in the gas grid by 2050
Green Gas
IEA Bioenergy Task 37
TRL 7-9
TRL 6
TRL 4,5
TRL 3,4Initiation of Industry
Green Gas from residues, slurriesand grass
IEA Bioenergy Task 37
Grass to transport fuel
harvest silage storage
macerator
Source: energiewerkstatt, IEA and personal photos
anaerobic
digester
weigh bridge
Biogas service station Scrubbing &
storage
IEA Bioenergy Task 37
Co-digestion of grass and slurry
IEA Bioenergy Task 37
Grass %VS Slurry %VS
100 0
80 20
60 40
50 50
40 60
20 80
0 100
Cellulose
Biomethane Potential Assays
IEA Bioenergy Task 37
107 m3 CH4 t-1 Grass Silage v. 16 m3 CH4 t
-1 Dairy Slurry
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
0 10 20 30
L C
H4
kg
-1V
S
Days
Cellulose 0:100 G:S 100:0 G:S
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
0 10 20 30
L C
H4
kg
-1V
S
Days
80:20 G:S 60:40 G:S 50:50 G:S
40:60 G:S 20:80 G:S
SMY decreases as
slurry input increases
IEA Bioenergy Task 37
170 digesters treating 10,000 t a-1 of grass and 40,000 t a-1 of dairy slurry
1.1 % Grassland in Ireland
Scale of Grass Biogas industry
IEA Bioenergy Task 37
IEA Bioenergy Task 37
Higher Grass Silage Input
Higher Dairy Slurry Input
R1 R2 R3 R4 + R5 & R6
Grass
%VS
Slurry
%VS
R6 100 0
R5 80 20
R4 60 40
R3 40 60
R2 20 80
R1 0 100
Continuous digestion of grass and slurry
IEA Bioenergy Task 37
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
L C
H4
KG
-1V
S
REACTOR NO.
OLR = 2.0 kg VS m-3 d-1
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
L C
H4
KG
-1V
S
REACTOR NO.
OLR = 2.5 kg VS m-3 d-1
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
L C
H4
KG
-1V
S
REACTOR NO.
OLR = 3.0 kg VS m-3 d-1
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
L C
H4
KG
-1V
S
REACTOR NO.
OLR = 3.5 kg VS m-3 d-1
Increased gas production with increased grass
IEA Bioenergy Task 37
3.5 OLR
HRT 21 days
12%
decrease
in SMY
Reduction in yield of mono-digestion at high OLR
IEA Bioenergy Task 37
Trace element analysis
IEA Bioenergy Task 37
IEA Bioenergy Task 37
Demand Driven Biogas
IEA Bioenergy Task 37
TRL 7-9
TRL 6
TRL 4,5
TRL 3,4
Second stage of Industry
Green Gas from gasification ofwoody crops
IEA Bioenergy Task 37
IEA Bioenergy Task 37
Gothenburg Biomass Gasification Project (GoBiGas)
Thermal production
of Biomethane
CO + 3H2 = CH4 + H2O
CO2 + 4 H2= CH4 + 2H2O
2CO + 2H2= CH4 + CO2
Typically ca. 65% energy efficiency
Gas upgrading
Removal of CO2
IEA Bioenergy Task 37
Plant Size MW 50
Land area (ha) 6800
Number of plants required 11
As a % Energy in Transport 5.5%
As a % of agricultural land 1.7%
IEA Bioenergy Task 37
Compare with 170 digesters
TRL 7-9
TRL 6
TRL 4,5
TRL 3,4
Third stage of Industry
Green Gas from seaweed
IEA Bioenergy Task 37
IEA Bioenergy Task 37
IEA Bioenergy Task 37
Seasonal Variation in composition of Laminaria Digitata
IEA Bioenergy Task 37
Seasonal Variation in biomethane yield from Laminaria Digitata
IEA Bioenergy Task 37
IEA Bioenergy Task 37
Seasonal Variation in A. nodosum
Cultivating Seaweed
31
Position adjacent to fish farms, protect fish from
jelly fish
Increased yields of seaweed as compared to
pristine waters
Clean water of excess nutrients
Harvest when yield is highest
IEA Bioenergy Task 37
IEA Bioenergy Task 37
IEA Bioenergy Task 37
Long term co-digestion of seaweed with dairy slurry
Higher methane yields after ensiling
can compensate for silage
fermentation losses.
No losses in methane yield occurred
during 90 day storage for 4 of 5
species.
IEA Bioenergy Task 37
IEA Bioenergy Task 37
IEA Bioenergy Task 37
IEA Bioenergy Task 37
IEA Bioenergy Task 37
TRL 7-9
TRL 6
TRL 4,5
TRL 3,4Fourth stage of Industry
Green Gas from electricity
IEA Bioenergy Task 37
Curtailment and storage of variable renewable electricity
41
Wind capacity as a proportion of minimum demand in summer 2020
IEA Bioenergy Task 37
IEA Bioenergy Task 37
BIOENERGY
IEA Bioenergy Task 37
H2: energy Density 12.1 MJ/mn3 : CH4: Energy density 37.6 MJ/mn
3
Sabatier Equation: 4H2 + CO2 = CH4 + 2H2O
Gaseous biofuel from non-biological origin
Source of CO2 from biogas:
Mix biogas (50% CH4 and 50% CO2) with H2; generate double the CH4
(1 mol CO2 generates 1 mol CH4).
IEA Bioenergy Task 37
http://www.marei.ie/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/MaREI-4-pg-A4-Brochure-v8-Single-pages.pdf
IEA Bioenergy Task 37
http://www.marei.ie/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/MaREI-4-pg-A4-Brochure-v8-Single-pages.pdf