Tank Cleaning Guide by Dr Verwey

KIVANSCANNED BY M K P 2004

; ; l . : DR. VERWEY'S

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TANK

" G U I D ECLEANING

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FIFTH EDITION

compi led and publ ished bY

DR. A. VERWEY . E'

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O Chemical Laboratory "Dr. A. Verwey"

INTRODUCTION

Page

2

l

TANKCLEANING IN GENERAL

a) Precleaningb) Cleaning

Cleaning from toxic substances to Edible Olis and Fatsc) Rins ngd) Flushinge) Steaming with Toluenef) Draining

CLEANING CHARTS

a) Use o1 chartsb) Table 1 - Product Cleaning Chartc) Table 2 - Cleaning Procedures risl

PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS

I1 0

268

2AO

TO FIND . LOOK UP 394

vl TEST IUETHODS

a) Hydrocarbon Tesl lor Methanolb) Chloride Testc) Permanganate Time Tesl

CONVERSION FORMULAEfor specilic gravly calculations

NOTES

404404405

vtl407

vlll 408


OChemica Labolory "Dr. A. VeMey"

PREFACE

Frrsl reprinl of the fifth edition

Not many changes were naoF during lhe edit i^g ol lhis repint. the changes are:

The clean ng charts have nol been changed. However one error in lhe product cleaning chart wascorrecled. the letter code ol the cleaning procedure lor gasoline was changed from O to OO in thisrepr nt.

The codes of accepted previous cargoes and banned previous cargoes are updated_

The product characleristics have been updated, threshold limit vatues and the Marpol pollutioncategories have been taken lrom the latest published sources.

lV.H. de HeerJune 1995

T


O Chemical Laboratory "Dr. A. Velwey"

I INTRODUCTION

The facts and infomation you find here resulted lrom a ioint study duaing lhe last few years on theproblems of tankclean ng.The study was the inevtable resull of the stringent qualily requirements laid down lor the transportalionof chemicals.

We invite you to send any nformation, suggestions or constructive crticisms to enable us to keep thisbook up-lo-date and to increase it's scope.Please send them lor Dr. A. VERWEY

CHEMICAL LABORATORIES &SUPERINTENDENCE COi/|PANYP.O. Box 6003, 3002 AA ROTTERDAMCoolhaven 32, 3024 AC ROTTERDAIVIte lephone : 010 '4 76 10 55telelax : 010 - 4 76 16 42 (= laboralory)lelelax : 010 4 77 03 36 (= survey-department)

There will be no stalemenl of sources. We intend publishing revised editions as and when newrnformation becomes available.

Please nole thal our suggestions are merely a blueprint and should not overrule directions, sprung fromlocal crrcumslances,

Inlomalion and recommendations contained in this publicalion have been compiled from reliablesources and rellecl the best currenl opinions on lhe matter.

Chemical Laboratory "Dr. A. VeNey does nol guaranlee, warrant or argue the definite correctness olany exposit ion in this edit ion, nor their adequacy.Chemical Laboratory "Dr. A. VeMey accepts no responsib lily n this matter. Neilher does anypublicalion entille anybody to a guarantee or representation, nor shall it be taken to be a warrant ltshould not be imperative under normal. particular or exceplional conditions. situat ons and/orctrcumslances.

This Tankcleaning Guide was developed with respect to all operations on board of lhe lankvessel( loading. sai l ing and discharge), including cleaning, fol lowing the rules and recommendalions as laldclcwn In the Code lor the Construction and Equipmenl of Ships Carrying Dangerous Chemicals in Bulk8CH-Code) and the Inlernational Code for the Construciion and Equ pment of Ships CarryingDangerous Chemicals in Bulk ( lBC-Code).

The products in this guide have been selected from lhe products listed in I,IARPOL 73178 Annex ll,Appendix ll and Appendix lll, IBC-Code and BCH-Code.

all spaces and hyphens have been etl out and prelixes have been put atter the names so that lhesquence ol names is as alphabet cal as possible.


O Chemical Laboratory "Dr. A. verwey

{

I I TANKCLEANING IN GENERAL

The procedure for tank cleaning may include the following slages:

a) Precleanlng(butterworth ng with wateob) Cleaning (butterworthing with waler or water and detergents)c) Rinsing (butterworthing with water)d) Flushing (with fresh waleoe) Steamingf) Drainingg) Drying.

a) Precleaning

The purpose of precleaning lanks with buttedorth machines using either salt or lresh water, ls 10remove oil and its residues from bulkheads, lankbottom and underdeckThe sooner the prec eaning s carr ed oui after the discharge, the eas er oils and residLles w ll beremoved. lt is therefore Tecommended 10 order the issue of the Emply-Tank-Cerlificate immedialelyafter lhe tank is emply and lhen commence precleaning wthout delay.Precleaning is highly importanl since large deposits ol oil or other residues in the tank must beremoved to ensure an effective cleaning operation {second stage)Under a I circumstances the water used for precleaning should have a minimum temperature of 20'Celsius. Such tanks should be bulteMorthed wilh cold water. Next, warm or hot waler may be appled ifnecessary.No exacl duration oi precleaning operat ons can be advised lt fully depends on the grade of maienallobe removed. The size ol the tanks does not aflect duration of cleanrng procedures n mosl casesSmaler tanks Lrsuallv contain more obstacles, such as stringers and girders, which encumber thecleaning operation.During precleaning the butleMorlh machrnes should be moved frequently, vertically as well ashorizontally. around the tanks in oader to cover the entare suriace.After precleanrng the tank should be inspected and, if oil ancyor other residues are tound, thebutterworth machines shou d be cenired over the areas for lurther cleaning

NOTE:

The above mentioned precleaning procedure has to be executed with a view to obtaining optimalresulls n clean iness and is NOT set up in respect to the MARPOL Resolution ol 1973/1978

For prewashing, ventilating or effeciive stripping as required by the BCH-Code and IBC-Code we wouldreter 1o the applicable chapters of these codes.


O Chemical Laboratory "Dr. A. Verwey',

b) Cleaning

Cleaning is car ed oul with the aid ol waler or water and detergents. In most cases we recomnend0,05 % of a detergent lke Teepol.

The cleaning solution can be applied cold or hot, using butteMorlh machines. When applying a solvenlcleaner by spraying it wil be obvious that afler the reaction ttme (minrmum 30 minutes) the residueshave to be washed away.ButteMorlh machines with cold or warm waier should be used tor this, not too hot, otnerwtse theapplied solvent will evaporate.The machines must be operated trom the deck and must be lowered down nto the tank at recurringintervals in order to obtain an eflective cleaning throughout the tank.The cleaning solution (approximale y j0 tons for tanks up to 5OO cubic meters) is siored in a smallIANK.

A butleMorth pump willcarry il via heaters and then through the butterworth machine Inlo me tank tobe cleaned.From th s tank the solution has lo be pumped back into the storagetank or in lhe sloplank by means oflhe cargopump. Throughout the cleaning operation the tankbottom has to be kept as dry as possible byconstantly pumping.The cleaning solution can be used two or three times if light petrochemical products are ro oe removeo.However, precautions have to be taken in order to prevent build up ol static etectric charges.When plain water is used as the cleaning ageni, the cleaning operat on ls based on solubility of theproduct in water, n th s case t is not recommended lo use recirculation; ihe water rnay be satlratedw th productl

Cleaning procedures should be continued for several hours depending on the product. Atter the tankhas cooled down, inspection can take place.ll tfaces of oil or chemical residues are found, cleaning has to be prolonged, mainly where needed.

we may sub-divide the clean ng procedure after the nature ot the general category oi cargoes. Thereare lhree calegories:

la) Animal and Vegetable Fais and Oils(b) Mineral Oilsrcr Petrochemicals and So vants


@Chem ca Laboraiory 'Dr. A. Verwey"

I

General cleaninq outlines lor these qroups are:

sub (a)

Animal and Vegetable Oils easily saponify when combined wilh Causlic Soda To saponily meansconverting the o I into soap, or n practice, bringing nto suspensronHowever, atter sapon lication hard. britlle soap-partc es are present which are almost insoluble in

We therefore recornmend instead of Caustic Soda (NaOH) using Potassium Hydroxyde (KOH) whichcreales a sotl soap which s comp etely watersolubleHowever . theseaka | i escanon |Vbeused ] f t he tank i smadeo fs la in |esso rm|ds tee | ,o la | t e rna l i ve | y 'has been coated wilh an epoxy'based painl l f thetankhasbeencoaiedwthazncslicale-basedproteclive, saponificalion should not be usedAfter clean ng with an alkali residues have to be removed wth warm lresh water' To overcome whilecoloured depos ts, otten encountered after cleaning with Causiic Soda or other alkal es due to thelorrnalion of nsoluble magnesium and calcium salls, we recommend the use of a simple detergentinstead of the alkaline cleaning agenls.

sub (b)

Cleaning of Mineral Oils can be carried out with water and a mixiure of detergents, emulsitiers orsynthelic soap.Sometimes lhe manulacturer ol the cleaning product adds to the mixlure a so vent such as SolvenlNaphtha.ll is obvious that such a solvenl also creates a positive hydrocarbon testTherefore. after having used such a cleaning product, a last cleaning with water and some detergentaLways has 1o be Pertormed.

sub (c)

Petrochemicals and Solvents are removed by one ol the following (general) procedures:(1) Products with a low boiling poinl and a high vapourpressure {50 mbar or more) at ambient

temperature can be removed by evaporaiion or a lighi cleaning. The ventiiat on plocedure cannotbe used for volatie monomers like Vinylacetale; the nhibitor does not evaporatel

(2) Products wilh a lower vapour'pressure are removed by water-washing and steam ng ln the firslstage cold waler is recommendedl most volatile producis show a higher so ub lty n cold water'

Cleaninq from toxic substances lo Edible Oils and Fats:

FosFAandNIoPhavepub | i shed | i s t so l ca rgoeswh ichmaybe t ranspor tedp r io r to |oad inged ib |eo i l sand lats under FOSFA or NIOP contracis substances mentioned on these lisls are the so calledacceplable previous (prior) cargoes. The three prev ous cargoes carried before sh pp ng an edible oil orfal shall have been on the nterim Acceptable List ol FOSFA

Both organizalions have also published lisls menlioning banned or unacceplable previous cargoes


O Chemical Laboralory "Dr. A. Verwey"

Substances not mentioned on lhe a@epted cargo lsl are also not allowed as previous cargo prior toload ng of edible ois and lats.

The lelter codes on the cleaning chart carry extra nformation when cleaning to an edrble oil or tatregardlng the above menlioned lists. The source of the data is:

FOSFA list of acceptable previous cargoes, elfectve lrom 1 July 1994lisl of banned immediale previous cargoes, etfective lrom '1 February 1995

NIOP Rule 5.12 prior cargo l isl ings (etfeci ive July 1, 1994)

Leaend ol the codes:

FOSFA banned immediate previous cargo !NIOP unacceptable pr or cargo JFOSFA banned + NIOP unacceptable prior cargo I

nol accepted by NIOP or FOSFA

accepted by FOSFA and NIOP

c) Rinsing

Drrectly alter the cleaning operations the tanks should be nsed with hot or cold waterButterworlh machines should be used.ll is most important that lhe cleaning solution should not alow to dry as this will encumber rinsing.R nsing should normally coniinue for about lwo hours or unlil no residue can be found n the tank.

NOTE:

During precleaning, cleaning and nsing the bypasses of lhe cargopump and the slripping ines shouldb opened and closed several times with the cargopump working.Thrs is to clean the pump and str ippinglines as well.Permanent droplnes should be cleaned. The following procedure is recommended:- Connecl a f exible hose from lhe butteMonh iine to the dropline and allow an occasional flush

thro!gh the droplne during said three operations.

d' Flushing

Tl lank rs thoroughly flushed with fresh water. The water is pumped lrom the sloragelank through a 2llerrble hose with nozzle.Tt water is sprayed on tanktop, bulkheads and lankbottom.


@ Chemical Laboralory "Dr. A. VeMey"

{

l

e) Sleaming with Toluane

Specif cations of Toluene:

- chemical formula

- moleculal mass

density

- limits of explosion in air

cH3c6H5

92

0.866

1.2 - 7.O "/olume "/"

1 l,,lol = 92 grams = 24 lilres of Toluene vapour at 20 'C

When steaming a tank with Toluene one has to consider that the lower explosion limil (L.E.L.) otToluene in air is 1.2 volume %Therelore, because ol the quantity of Toluene needed {or a proper cleaning, this lower explosion limitvalue is always exceeded.In order to avoid an unsafe mixture in the tank, inert ng with nitrogen gas until an oxygen conlenl ofless than 5% is reached, has to be performed.The reqirired quantily ol Toluene is put into the tank. The tank-halch is closed but not secured. Steamis blown inlo the tank.The duration of the sleaming depends on lhe lemperature ol the sleam and pressure n the tank.The pressure in the lank should nol be too high; therefore the tank hatch must not be secured.Condensation water resulting lrom the steam ng, is pumped away by the cargopump.Upon f nrshrng slea'rr_g the tank-harch a^d dl l ^ oles shou d oe ope-edAn air-lan is placed in a butterworth hole to remove the sleam and lhe nitrogen gas.For very sensitive cargoes such as alcohols etc., it is advisab e to ilush the tank with chlor dejree

Then tests tor hydrocarbons, chloride and a permanganate-time-iest (P.T.T.) should be conducted tocheck whether the tank is clean enough for sensitive products.

f) Draining

Tank, line and pump are drained carelully. All plugs elc. should be removed. Blowing wilh compressed(dry) air may be very helpful.An eiector may be used to remove any quantily of water remaining on the botlom of the lank.


@ Chemical Laboratory'Dr. A. VeMey'

III CLEANING CHARTS

(a) l.rse ol Charts

The products have been lisled on the lefl s de of the cleaning chart (Table 1) and numberedThe product numbers have a so been listed across the top ol the clean ng chart foI cToss refelence

Cleaning procedures have been registered by letter code A or BB etcA description ol the clean ng procedure identified by the specitic letter code has been given in Table 2'

When cleaning lrom one producl to another the cleaning chart (Table '1) shou d be used as lollows:

The producl fiom which the tank has to be cleaned is found in the outer lett hand column.The number of the product to be removed can also be found in this columnThe number is noted down and next lhe code oi the relevanl cleaning procedure can be found at theinlersection of the horizontal line against the product to be removed, and the vertical line under thenumber ol the product to be cleaned tor.

Example:

Product 10 be c eaned lrom: D cyclopenladiene (DCPD)Proou.t lo be c eaned lor: Xy ene (l\,{eld-)

Find the corresponding number of Xylene in the column (388)

F no Dicyclopentadiene i'l same column

Then the code of the relevant clean ng procedure is lound at the intersection of the horizontal

DCPD l ine wth the vert ical l ine under no. 388.

The lettercode K will be found.

The exact detais for this cleaning procedure have been staled in Table 2.

Prewash procedures required by |,4ARPOL 73178 Annex I are not considered lo have an importantetlecl on the "commercial" cleaning procedure, a maximum of three cycles of the washing machines areGqurred

The orocedures slated ln the charts are applicable lo coaled and uncoated lanks; one has lo considerhorvever that lankcoatings absorb a cerlain amount ol the cargo loaded, depending on cargo andcoar ng properties. Tankwashing procedures w ll nol remove all of this absobed product; ottenD.oionged venti at on at above ambient temperatures w ll remove mosi of lhe absorbed materialo.qnrc coat ngs like epoxy and po yurethane coalings, which are applied n relative thick coais, arer.\o\,!n lo show lhis absorption effect.

S a so paqe 6 for an explanation ol the underline, ilalic and bold characters.


CLEANNG


r AcTlcactn2 ACETICANHYDRIDE

3 ACETONE4 ACETONECYANOHYDRIN

5 ACETONITRILE

6 ACRYL CAC D

7 ACRYLONITBILE

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1O ALLYLCHLORIDE

1 1 Ar\,4rN02t\4ETHYL1 PROPANOL(2-)12 ATV NOETHOXYETHANOLl2-)13 AIVIINOETHYLEIHANOLAIV]INE14 AMINOETHYLPIPEBAZINE(N-)]5 AM{\4ONIAAQUEOUS16 AN4YLACEIAIE(N.)17 AN4YLACEIATE(SEC)18 AMYLALCOHOL(NJ19 AMYLALCOHOL(SEC)2O AMYLALCOHOL(TERT.)21 ANILINE

22 BEHENYLALCOHOL

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24 AENZENE

25 BENZYLACETATE

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5 ACETONITRILE

6 ACBYLICACID

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9 ALLYLALCOHOL

]O ALLYLCHLORIDE1 1 AMtNO2tllETHYL1 PROPANOL(2.)12 AMINOETHOXYETHANOL(2 )13 AN,lINOETHYLETHANOLAIV]INE14 A[ ,4INOETHYLPIPERAZ NE(N )15 A[/I[/ION AAOUEOUS16 A[,4YLACETATE(N.)17 AIVlYLACETATE(SEC)18 AI IYLALCOHOL(N )]9 AIVIYLALCOHOL(SEC)2O AI\4YLALCOHOL(TERTJ21 ANILINE

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1O ALLYLCHLORIDE

I 1 Arv NO2t\,tETHYLl PROpANOL(2-)12 AMTNOETHOXYETHANOL(2-)13 AMINOETHYLEIHANOLA[,{ INE14 A[, ITNOETHYLPTPEBAZtNE(N,)15 AI\,4A,1ON AAQUEOUS16 A[/TYLACETATE(N )17 A[/TYLACETATE(SEC)18 AI,4YLALCOHOL(N )19 Ar\,4YLALCOHOL(SEC)20 At\,tYLALCOHOL(TERT-)21 ANILINE

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FFOM TO 376 377 37A 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 38a 3a9 390

l ACETICACID R R R B R F R R R R R R R R R2 ACETICANHYDBIDE C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C3 ACETONE D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D4 ACETONECYANOHYDRIN D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D5 ACETONITBILE D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D

. * C R Y L | C A C I R F R R R A B R F ] B R R B R R7 ACRYLONITRILE D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D8 ADIPONITRILE J J J J J J J J J J J J J J JS ALLYLALCOHOL D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D

I 0 A - L Y L C H T O F D F C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C11 AN4INO2IVIETHYL] PFIOPANOL(z ) P P P P P P P P P P P P P P PI2AM|NOETHOXYETHANOL(2) C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C13 AI\.,IINOETHYLETHANOLAMINE C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C14 AI\ ,{ INOETHYLPIPERAZINE(N.) P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P15 AI\,{I\,{ONIAAQUEOUS D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D16 A|\,{YLACETATE(N-) C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C17 A|\,IYLACETATE(SEC) C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C18 AI\,{YLALCOHOL(N.) D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D19 AI\,4YLALCOHOL(SEC) D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D20 AI\,4YLALCOHOL(TERT-) D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D21 ANILINE E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E22 BEHENYLALCOHOL W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W23 BENZALDEHYDE E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E

24 BENZENE P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P

25 BENZYLACETATE E E E E E E E E E E E E E E

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H H H H H26 BENZYLALCOHOL

27 BENZYLCHLOBIDE

28 BUTYLACETATE(N.)29 BUTYLACETATE(SEC.)30 BUIYLACBYLATE(N131 BUTYLALCOHOL(N-)32 BUTYLALCOHOL(SEC-)33 BUTYLALCOHOL(TERT-)34 BUTYLAMINE

35 BUTYLBENZENE(N-)36 BUTYLBENZYLPHTHALATE

37 BUTYLBUTYRATE(N-)38 BUTYLCARBITOL

39 BUTYLCARBITOLACETATE

4O BUTYLCELLOSOLVEACEIATE

41 BUTYLENEGLYCOL(1,3-)42 BUTYLENEOXTDE(1,2-)43 BUTYLETHEB(N.)44 BUTYLLACTATE(N-)45 BUTYLSTEABATE

46 BUTYRALDEHYDE(N.)47 AUTYRICACID

48 CAPROLACTAIT,I

49 CABBITOLACETATE

5O CABBITOLSOLVENT

H H H

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26 BENZYLALCOHOL

27 BENZYLCHLORIDE

28 BUTYLACETATE(N-)29 BUTYLACETATE(SEC )3O BUTYLACFYLATE(N.)31 BUTYLALCOHOL(N )32 BUTYLALCOHOL(SEC-)33 BUIYLALCOHOLlIEBI.)34 BUTYLAIVINE


37 BUTYLBUTYFATE(N.)38 BUTYLCAFBITOL

39 BUTYLCAFB TOLACETATE40 BUTYLCELLOSOLVEACETATE

41 BUTYLENEGLYCOL(1,3-)42 BUTYLENEOXTDE(1,2-)43 BUTYLETHER(N-)44 BUTYLLACIAIE(N.)45 EUTYLSTEAFATE

46 BUTYRALDEHYDE(N-)47 BUTYFIICACID

48 CAPFOLACTAM

49 CARBITOLACETATE

5O CAFBITOLSOLVENT

D D

C C

D D

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H H

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FROM TO 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 4A 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50

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26 BENZYLALCOHOL27 BENZYLCHLORIDE

28 BUTYLACETATE(N'29 BUTYLACETATE(SEC-)30 BUTYLACRYLATE(N,)31 BUTYLALCOHOL(N-)32 BUTYLALCOHOL(SEC-)33 BUTYLALCOHOL(TERT-)34 BUTYLAI\,4INE

35 BUTYLBENZENE(N.)36 BUTYLAENZYLPHTHALATE

37 BUTYLAUryRATE(N-)38 BUTYLCARBITOL

39 BUTYLCABBITOLACETATE

40 BUTYLCELLOSOLVEACETATE

41 BUTYLENEGLYCOL(1,3J42 BUTYLENEOXTDE(1,2-)43 BUTYLETHER(NJ44 BUTYLLACTATE(N-)45 BUTYLSTEARATE

46 BUTYRALDEHYDE(N.)47 BUTYRICACID

48 CAPROLACTAI,1

49 CABBIIOLACETATE

50 CABBITOLSOLVENT

H H

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FROM

26 BENZYLALCOHOL

27 BENZYLCHLOFIDE

28 BUTYLACETATE(N.)29 BUTYLACETATE(SECJ30 BUTYLACRYLATE(N )31 BUTYLALCOHOL(N-)32 BUTYLALCOHOL(SEC-)33 BUTYLALCOHOL(TEBT.)34 BUTYLAI/INE

35 BUIYLBENZENE(N.)36 BUTYLAENZYLPHTHALATE

37 BUTYLAUTYRATE(N)38 BUTYLCARBITOL



41 BUTYLENEGLYCOL(1,3-)42 BUTYLENEOXTDE(1,2-)43 BUTYLETHEB(N.)44 BUTYLLACTATE(NJ45 BUTYLSTEARATE

46 BUTYRALDEHYDE(N'47 BUTYRICACID

48 CAPROLACTAIII

49 CABBITOLACETATE

5O CABBITOLSOLVENT

TO 76 77 78 79 80 8r 82 8J 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 9t 92 93 94 95 96 9/ 98 99 100

H

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r o t o r t 0 ? t 0 3 r 0 4 r 0 5 1 0 6 1 0 7 1 0 8 1 0 9 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 3 1 1 4 1 1 5 1 1 6 1 1 7 1 1 8 1 1 9 t 2 0 t 2 t 1 2 2 1 2 3 1 2 4 1 2 5

26 BENZYLALCOHOL27 BENZYLCHLORIDE

28 BUTYLACETATE(N'29 AUTYLACETATE(SEC,)30 BUTYLACBYLATE(N-)31 BUIYLALCOHOL(N.)32 BUTYLALCOHOL(SEC-)33 BUIYLALCOHOL{IEBT.)34 BUTYLAM NE

35 BUTYLBENZENE{N )36 BUTYLBENZYLPHTHALATE

37 BUTYLBUTYBATE(N-)3A BIJTYLCABB TOL

39 BUTYLCABBITOLACETATE


41 BUTYLENEGLYCOL(1,3-)42 BUTYLENEOXIDE(1,2J43 BUTYLETHER(N")44 BUTYLLACTATE(N.)45 EUTYLSTEARATE

46 BUTYRALDEHYDE(N.)47 BUTYRICACID

48 CAPBOLACTAIVI49 CARBITOLACETATE5O CARBITOLSOLVENT

H H H H H H

H H H H H H

D D D D D O

c c c c c c

L L L L L L

D D D D D D

D D D D D D

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D D D D D D

c c c c c c

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D N N D D ND D D D D D

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D D

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D D D D D D D D DD D D D D C

c c c c c c c c c c c c

V V V V V V V V V V V V

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l , * " TO 126127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140141 142 143 144 145146 147 144149 15Q26 BENZYLALCOHOL

27 BENZYLCHLOBIDE

28 BUTYLACETATE(N.)29 BUIYLACETATE(SEC-)30 BUTYLACBYLATE(N-)31 BUTYLALCOHOL(N'32 BUTYLALCOHOLiSECJ

33 BUTYLALCOHOL(TERT )34 BUTYLAMINE


37 BUTYLEUTYRATE(N-)38 BUTYLCARBITOL



41 BUTYLENEGLYCOL(1,3-)42 BUTYLENEOXTDE(1,2-)43 BUTYLETHEB(N.)44 BUTYLLACTATE(N-)45 BUTYLSTEABATE

46 BUTYBALDEHYDE(N147 BUTYRICACID

48 CAPROLACTAIII

49 CARBITOLACETATE

50 CARBITOLSOLVENT

D

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Documents

Tank Cleaning Guide by Dr Verwey