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6.3.2.1. Shewhart X-bar and R and S Control Charts and S Charts and S Shewhart Control Charts We begin with and s charts. We should use the s chart first to determine if the distribution for the process characteristic is stable. Let us consider the case where we have to estimate by analyzing past data. Suppose we have m preliminary samples at our disposition, each of size n, and let s i  be the standard deviation of the ith sample. Then the average of the m standard deviations is Control  Limits or and S Control Charts We make use of the factor c 4 described on the  previous page. The statistic is an unbiased estimator of . Therefore, the  parameters of the S  chart would be Similarly, the parameters of the chart would be

Table Used in Control Chart

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