TABLE OF SPECIFICATIONS FOR RESPIRATORY …psartgateways.weebly.com/uploads/3/1/9/8/31980131/rt_board... · FOR RESPIRATORY THERAPISTS LICENSURE EXAMINATION I ... I. Electrophysiology

TABLE OF SPECIFICATIONS FOR RESPIRATORY THERAPISTS

LICENSURE EXAMINATION

I - DIAGNOSTICS (25%)

A. Pulmonary Function Test

B. Arterial Blood Gas (ABG)

C. Electrocardiography (ECG)

II - PATHOPHYSIOLOGY (25%)

A. Patient Assessment

B. Cardiopulmonary Patophysiology

III - RESPIRATORY CARE (25%)

A. Mechanical Ventilation and Oxygen Therapy B. Airway Care and Management C. Pulmonary Rehabilitation

IV - NEONATAL AND PEDIATRIC RESPIRATORY CARE (25%)

A. Neonatal Respiratory Care B. Pediatric Respiratory Care

SUBJECTS KNOWLEDGE (Easy)

(Recall/ Define) Where, What…

UNDERSTANDING (Moderate)

(Understand, Describe, Explain)

HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILLS

(Difficult) (Synthesize, Analyze,

Apply, Evaluate)

Cluster I (25%) PFT (40%) ABG (40%) ECG (20%)

Cluster II (25%) Patient Assessment

(50%) Cardio

Pathophysiology (50%)

Cluster III (25%) Mechanical Ventilation

& Oxygen Therapy (50%)

Airway Care & Mgt. (25%)

Pulmonary Rehab. (25%)

Cluster IV (25%) Neonatal Respiratory

Care (60%) Pediatric Respiratory

Care (40%)

A. PULMONARY FUNCTION TEST

40%

CLASSIFICATION OF QUESTIONS

COMPETENCIES CONTENT WEIGHT Knowledge

Understanding

Thinking Skills

1. Discuss the importance and indications for PFT

2. Enumerate the different types of equipment used in PFT.

I. Equipment for Volume & Flow Measurement

A. Volume/ Flow Measuring Instruments B. Plethysmographs C. Directional Breathing Valves and

Directional Control Valves D. Display/ Recording Instruments

5%

1. Describe the measurements that indicate pulmonary volumes and ventilation.

2. Describe the pathophysiologic patterns associated with obstructive and restrictive lung disease.

II. Test for Pulmonary Volumes and Ventilation

A. Pulmonary Volumes and Ventilation B. Direct Spirometry and Impedance

Plethysmography C. Indirect Spirometry/ Body

Plethysmography/ Gas Dilution D. Radiologic Estimation of Lung Volume E. Interpretation of Pulmonary Volumes

and Ventilation

2.5%

1. Describe the measurements that indicates pulmonary mechanics

III. Test for Pulmonary Mechanics A. Forced Vital Capacity Maneuver B. Low Density Gas Spirometry C. Maximum Voluntary Ventilation D. Airway Resistance/ Conductance E. Compliance F. Maximum Inspiratory/ Expiratory

Pressures

5%

1. Understand the principles behind pulmonary distribution and perfusion

IV. Test for Pulmonary Gas Distribution and Matching with Perfusion

A. Deadspace Ventilation B. Distribution of Ventilation

5%

1. Describe the purpose and techniques used to measure diffusion capacity.

V. Test for Pulmonary Gas Diffusion A. Test Description B. Techniques for Measurement C. Equipment Required D. Test Administration E. Interpretation of Test Results

5%

1. Interpret Pulmonary Function Test results

VI. Predicted Normal Values for Pulmonary Function Tests

A. Factors Affecting Predicted Normal Values

B. Sources of Predictive Equations for Normal PFT Values

C. Using Predictive Equations for Normal PFT Values

5%

1. Evaluate and address issues surrounding equipment application and/or operation

2. Identify and explain any hazards that may be associated with each procedure and methods to minimize those hazards.

3. Demonstrate basic computer and electronic data management skills

VII. Computers in Pulmonary Function Testing

A. Hardware Term B. Data Terms C. Software/ Programming Terms D. General Operation of Computers E. Computer Application to PFT F. General Concerns

5%

1. Discuss the appropriate monitoring techniques for each procedure and modifications per patient assessment

o Indications o Equipment o Contraindications o Hazards and Complications o Monitoring during the

Procedure o Assessment of outcome

VIII. Pulmonary Function Testing Regimens

A. Patient Assessment for PFT B. General Administration of PFT C. Bronchodilator Benefit Studies D. Pre-operative PFT Studies E. Bronchoprovocation Studies F. Studies for Exercise-Induced Asthma G. Studies to Document Impairment/

Disability

5%

1. List down the rationale for the safety precautionary measures

IX. Quality Assurance for PFT A. Components of Quality Assurance

2.5%

observe during PFT procedures 2. Evaluate reliability of results 3. Evaluate clinical implications

Process B. Calibration and Quality Control for

Spirometers and Plethysmographs

B. ARTERIAL BLOOD GAS 40% CLASSIFICATION OF

QUESTIONS


Understand

ing Thinking Skills

1. Discuss the physiologic principles affecting arterial oxygenation

2. Identify measurements of oxygenation.

3. Given a clinical scenario, identify the type of hypoxemia, its cause and therapeutic approach

I. Arterial Oxygenation A. Hemoglobin B. Bohr and Haldane Effects C. Hemoglobin Dissociation Curve D. Physiology of Arterial Oxygenation E. Pathophysiologic Mechanisms of Hypoxemia F. Cardiopulmonary Compensation for Hypoxemia

5%

1. Given a clinical scenario, provide a basic interpretation of an arterial blood gas result.

2. Identify the indications for arterial blood gas sampling.

II. Reference Ranges and Interpretative Guidelines

10%

1. Describe acid-base status as it relates to pH assessment.

2. Identify the primary acid-base disturbances.

3. Explain how to determine compensation assessment

4. Identify oxygenation status and explain PaO2 classification.

5. Explain how to determine complete blood gas classification.

III. Clinical Approach to Interpretation

5%

1. Identify causes, symptoms and treatment of hypoxemia.

IV. Hypoxemia and Oxygen Therapy 5%

1. Identify the clinical data that indicates the need for arterial blood gas sampling.

2. Select the appropriate equipment used during blood sampling.

3. Explain the appropriate infection control measures to be used during blood gas sampling.

4. Select the appropriate puncture or sampling site based on the patient’s clinical condition and accessibility.

5. Describe the proper technique used to obtain a blood gas sample.

6. Describe the techniques used when handling a blood gas sample.

7. Identify the patient information that should be documented during blood gas sampling.

V. Obtaining Blood Gas Sample

10%

1. Explain the basic operation of blood gas analyzers.

2. Perform basic troubleshooting

VI. Blood Gas Analyzers

2.5%

1. Explain how to ensure quality assurance procedures within a blood gas laboratory.

2. Explain how to ensure quality control procedures within a blood gas laboratory.

3. Explain how to perform point of care testing.

VII. Quality Assurance in Blood Gas Analysis

2.5%

C. ELECTROCARDIOGRAM 20% CLASSIFICATION OF

QUESTIONS


Understand

ing Thinking Skills

1. Describe the electrophysiology of the heart.

I. Electrophysiology of the heart a. Action potential

20%

2. Describe the properties of the cardiac muscle.

3. Identify the major components of the conductive system of the heart.

4. Describe the components of the standard 12-lead ECG system.

5. Describe the normal electrocardiogram (ECG) configurations and their expected measurements.

6. Describe the systematic approach to ECG interpretation.

7. Discuss appropriate 12-lead ECG placement.

8. Identify the treatment options for abnormal arrhythmias.

i. Phase 0 ii. Phase 1 iii. Phase 2 iv. Phase 3 v. Phase 4

II. Properties of the cardiac muscle a. Automaticity b. Excitability c. Conductivity d. Contractility

III. Major components of the conductive system of the heart

a. Sinoatrial node b. Atroventricular junction c. Bundle of His d. Right and left bundle branches e. Purkinjie fibers

IV. Cardiac effects of the a. Sympathetic nervous system b. Parasympathetic nervous

system V. Components of the standard limb leads

a. Bipolar limb leads i. Lead I ii. Lead II iii. Lead III

b. Unipolar leads i. aVR ii. aVL iii. aVF

c. Axes d. Einthoven’s triangle

VI. Components of the precordial (chest) leads

a. V1 b. V2 c. V3 d. V4 e. V5 f. V6

VII. Normal ECG configurations and their expected measurements

a. The components of the ECG paper

b. P wave c. PR interval d. QRS complex e. ST segment f. T wave g. U wave h. QT interval

VIII. Describe the P wave, PR interval, QRS

complex, QRS rate, and QRS rhythm in the following rhythms in order to identify them

a. Normal sinus rhythm b. Sinus bradycardia c. Sinus tachycardia d. Sinus arrhythmia e. Sinus block f. Sinus arrest g. Premature atrial complex h. Atrial bigeminy i. Atrial tachycardia

A. PATIENT ASSESSMENT 50% CLASSIFICATION OF

QUESTIONS


Understanding

Thinking Skills

1. Identify and demonstrate safety mechanisms in moving patients.

2. Identify the potential risks and hazards in caring for the patient.

3. Identify ways to reduce the risks to patients and health workers.

4. Know the importance of communication.

5. Determine the factors affecting

I. Patient Safety, Communication and Recordkeeping

A. Safety Considerations 1. Patient Movement 2. Electrical Safety 3. Fire Hazards

B. Communication 1. Health Communication 2. Factors Affecting Communication

20%

communication. 6. Describe how to improve

communication in the healthcare setting.

7. Demonstrate proper use of different patient evaluation tools and explain the rationale for proper patient communication.

3. Effective Health Communications C. Recordkeeping

1. Components of a Traditional Medical Record

2. Legal Aspects of Recordkeeping 3. Practical Aspects of recordkeeping 4. The Problem-Oriented Medical

Record

1. Determine the importance of assessing the patient before proceeding to any respiratory care intervention.

2. Apply patient assessment procedures and exhibit caring attitude during assessment.

3. Identify abnormalities in lung function associated with common pulmonary symptoms.

4. Identify breathing patterns associated with pulmonary diseases.

5. Identify normal and adventitious breath sounds.

6. Perform chest physical examination employing the techniques of a) inspection, b) palpation, c) percussion and auscultation.

7. Determine the importance of examining the precordium, abdomen, and extremities in patients with cardiopulmonary disease.

8. Describe common abnormalities found during the examination of the precordium, abdomen and extremities in patients with cardiopulmonary problems.

II. Bedside Assessment of the Patient A. Interviewing the Patient and Taking a

Medical History 1. Principles of interviewing 2. Common cardiopulmonary

symptoms 3. Format for the medical history

B. Physical Examination

1. General Appearance 2. Level of Consciousness 3. Vital signs 4. Examination of the Head and Neck 5. Examination of the Thorax and

Lungs 6. Cardiac Examinations 7. Abdominal Examinations 8. Examination of the Extremities

30%

B. CARDIOPULMONARY PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 50% CLASSIFICATION OF

QUESTIONS


Understanding

Thinking Skills

1. Identify the anatomical structures and physiologic functions of the lung and thorax system.

2. Identify functions of each structure

I. Normal lung structure a. The Bony Thorax and the Chest

Wall b. Respiratory Muscles c. Airways d. Alveolar-Capillary Exchange Units e. Lung Compliance f. Airway Resistance g. Circulation h. Lymphatics

5%

1. Identify the anatomic structures and physiologic functions of the cardiovascular system.

II. The Circulatory System a. Blood b. The Heart c. Pulmonary & systemic vascular

systems d. Cardiac cycle & its effect on blood

pressure e. Blood pressure f. Distribution of pulmonary blood flow

5%

1. Explain the normal function of the lungs.

III. Normal Lung Function a. Ventilation b. Diffusion Capacity c. Lung Circulation d. Gas Transport and acid-base status of

the lung e. Ventilation-perfusion relationships f. Normal Exercise Physiology

5%

1. Explain the pathophysiology of the regulation of airflow in Obstructive Lung Disease.

IV. Airflow Obstruction a. Anatomical and Physiological

Concepts b. Regulation of Airway Caliber c. Mechanism of Airflow Obstruction

5%

d. Pulmonary Function in Obstructive Airway Diseases

1. Etiology 2. Clinical manifestations 3. Pathophysiology 4. Radiographic and Laboratory

Findings 5. Clinical Course of the disease 6. Prevention and Treatment

V. Parenchymal Inflammation and Injury a. Case Study : Introduction b. Pulmonary Parenchymal Structure and Function c. Inhalation Injury d. Acute Lung Injury e. Lung Function f. Therapy and Outcome

5%


Findings 5. Clinical course of the disease 6. Prevention and Treatment

VI. Pulmonary Hypertension a. Definition and classification b. Case Study: Introduction c. History and physical examination d. Diagnostic Evaluation e. Primary Pulmonary Hypertension f. Management of Pulmonary

Hypertension

5%



VII. Respiratory Failure a. Case Study: Introduction b. Definition of Respiratory Failure c. Pathophysiology of Respiratory Failure d. Diagnosis of Respiratory Failure e. Treatment

10%



VIII. Asthma a. Clinical Features b. Pathology c. Airway Inflammation and Inflammatory

Mediators d. Airway hyperresponsiveness e. Diagnosis and Laboratory Evaluation

of Asthma f. Pulmonary Function Changes in

Asthma g. Effects of Airflow Obstruction on

10%

Cardiac Function h. Gas-Exchange Abnormalities i. Special Categories of Asthma j. Assessment Severity k. Therapy for Acute and Chronic Asthma l. Complications of Asthma

A.1. MECHANICAL VENTILATION 50% CLASSIFICATION OF

QUESTIONS


Understanding

Thinking Skills

1. Define acute respiratory failure and its causes

2. Identify the complications of respiratory failure.

3. Indications for ventilatory support 4. Identify the goals and objectives of

mechanical ventilation. 5. Classify and discuss modes of

ventilation 6. Given a clinical scenario, choose

appropriate ventilator settings based on patient assessment and adjust the ventilator settings on the basis of patient’s response

I. Respiratory Failure and the Need for Ventilator Support II. Indications for Ventilatory Support A. Parameters Indicating the Need for Ventilatory Support III. Mechanisms of Hypercapneic Respiratory Failure B. Decreased Ventilatory Drive C. Respiratory Muscle Fatigue & Weakness D. Increased Work of Breathing IV. Special Considerations during Ventilatory Support V. Modes of Mechanical Ventilation A. CPAP B. Non-Invasive Modes of Ventilation VI. Initiating and Adjusting Ventilatory Support VII. Ventilatory Support Strategy for Different Causes of Respiratory Failure

10%

1. Discuss the principles of monitoring the respiratory system of patients in intensive care and identify appropriate monitoring techniques.

VIII. Monitoring and Management of the Patient in the ICU A. General Principles of Monitoring

15%

2. Given a clinical scenario, Identify the appropriate monitoring and troubleshooting techniques of the patient ventilator system in the ICU.

3. Select the appropriate ventilator and mode based on the patient assessment and condition.

4. Identify the types of hazards and complications associated with mechanical ventilation.

5. Identify the indications and the appropriate airway device for independent lung ventilation.

1. Data Collection, Analysis, & Decision Making B. General Patient Assessment C. Physiological Monitoring D. Measurement of Respiratory Mechanics E. Management of the Patient Ventilator System i. Components of a Patient-Ventilator System ii. Routine Checks iii. Documenting the Physician’s orders iv. Verifying Proper Ventilator Operation v. Hazards and Complications vi. Assessing Flow,Volume, and Pressure Waveforms vii. Troubleshooting viii. Transporting Patients Receiving Ventilatory Support

1. Discuss evaluation tools before attempting ventilator discontinuation or weaning

2. Determine specific weaning indices prior to discontinuation of ventilator support

3. Describe techniques used in ventilator weaning

4. Factors affecting weaning failure 5. Compare pressure, volume, and

flow delivery in volume and pressure controlled breaths.

6. Explain the relationship between volume, inspiratory time and flow.

IX. Liberation from Ventilatory Support A. Categories for Discontinuing Ventilatory Support B. Reasons for Ventilator Dependence C. Ventilatory Workload or Demand D. Ventilatory Capacity E. Discontinuing Ventilatory Support

1. Patient Evaluation 2. Preparing the Patient 3. Optimizing the Patient’s

Medical Condition

10%

7. Comprehend the various triggering, limiting and cycling mechanisms

4. Methods of Discontinuing Ventilatory Support

5. Common Methods 6. Newer Techniques 7. Other Techniques 8. Selecting an Approach 9. Monitoring the Patient during

Weaning 10. Extubation/ Liberation 11. Chronically Ventilator-

Dependent Patients 12. Terminal Weaning

Laboratory

1. Given a clinical scenario, identify the different modes of non-invasive ventilation and its application.

2. Comprehend basic concepts and core knowledge in mechanical ventilation.

3. Be able to initiate mechanical ventilation to various patient populations.

4. Discuss how changes in lung compliance affect the use of mechanical ventilation

5. Be able to monitor various patients receiving mechanical ventilation.

6. Be able to assess therapeutic interventions and make the necessary changes.

7. Recognize the effects and complications of mechanical ventilation.

8. Recognize the appropriate discontinuing / weaning and long term applications of mechanical ventilation.

I. Mechanical Ventilator Preparation II. Initiation of Adult Mechanical

Ventilation III. Mechanical Ventilator Mode

Modification IV. Monitoring and Maintenance of

Continuous Mechanical Ventilation V. Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) VI. Measurement of Effective Dynamic Compliance, Effective Static Compliance and Airway Resistance VII. Positive-End Expiratory Pressure VIII. Ventilator Weaning IX. Basic Trouble-Shooting

15%

A.2. OXYGEN THERAPY 25% CLASSIFICATION OF

QUESTIONS


Understand

ing Thinking Skills

1. Given a clinical situation, identify appropriate oxygen therapy device needed

2. Indications, contraindications and complications of oxygen therapy.

3. To understand the safety aspects of oxygen therapy

I. Oxygen Therapy and Toxicity A. Indications for Oxygen Therapy B. Methods of Oxygen Administration C. Assessment of Adequacy of Oxygen

Treatment D. Hazards of Oxygen Therapy

25%

B. AIRWAY CARE & MANAGEMENT 25% CLASSIFICATION OF

QUESTIONS


Understand

ing Thinking Skills

1. Identify the main structures in the thorax and describe their functions.

2. Identify and describe primary and accessory muscles of breathing.

3. Identify the major structures of the upper respiratory tract and how they function

4. Describe how the lungs are organized into lobes and segments and the airways that supply them with ventilation.

I. Introduction a. The upper and lower airway anatomy

2.5%

1. Identify the causes of sudden cardiac arrest.

2. Identify the signs of sudden cardiac arrest, heart attack, stroke, and foreign body airway obstruction.

3. Determine the importance of providing prompt basic life support

4. Identify the causes of sudden cardiac arrest.

I. II. Basic Life Support (BLS) a. The need for CPR Skills b. Clinical and Biological Death c. Performance Standard for CPR d. Performing CPR with mannequins &

related mechanical devices e. Single & double-rescuer CPR

5%

5. Identify the signs of sudden cardiac arrest, heart attack, stroke, and foreign body airway obstruction

6. Determine the importance of providing prompt basic life support

7. Describe how to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation

8. Describe how to evaluate the quality and effectiveness of CPR

1. Identify the different artificial airway devices

III. Artificial Airway Devices a. Oropharyngeal airways b. Nasopharyngeal airways c. Endotracheal airways d. Tracheostomy airways e. Special Tubes

2.5%

1. Enumerate the indications for intubation

2. Descibe the correct intubation procedure

3. Perform correct intubation procedure .

4. Identify the signs of endotracheal intubation.

5. Identify the signs of esophageal intubation.

6. Identify the hazards and complications of different intubation techniques.

IV. Endotracheal Intubation a. Clinical Indications b. Intubation Procedure

(1) Supplies (2) Selection of tube (3) Assuring ventilation &

oxygenation (4) Orotracheal intubation (5) Nasotracheal intubation (6) Prevention of common errors (7) Signs of endotracheal intubation (8) Signs of esophageal intubation

V. Complications of endotracheal intubation

a. Early complications b. Late complications

5%

1. Describe how to secure tube position. 2. Determine how to manage intra-cuff pressure. 3. Infection control measures

VI. Management of Endotracheal & tracheostomy tubes

a. Securing tube position b. Management of intra-cuff pressure

5%

C. PULMONARY REHABILITATION 25% CLASSIFICATION OF

QUESTIONS


Understand

ing Thinking Skills

1. State the definition, importance and goals of the pulmonary rehabilitation program. 2. Discuss the rationale for exercise reconditioning and psychosocial support for pulmonary rehabilitation.

I. Introduction a. Goals of Cardiopulmonary

Rehabilitation b. Historical Perspective c. Scientific Bases

1. Physical Reconditioning 2. Psychosocial Reconditioning 3. Physiology of Airway Clearance

5%

1. Describe how to evaluate and select patients for pulmonary rehabilitation 2. Describe the educational content of the pulmonary rehabilitation program 3. Describe the outcome measures that can be used to evaluate the pulmonary rehabilitation program 4. Identify the potential hazards associated with pulmonary rehabilitation

II. Pulmonary Rehabilitation Program a. Program Goals and Objectives b. Benefits and Potential Hazards c. Patient Evaluation and Selection d. Program Design e. Program Implementation f. Program Results

5%

1. Identify pulmonary problems associated with abnormal clearance of secretions. 2. State the goals, clinical indications and contraindications of each therapy. 3. Describe the proper technique, hazards and precautionary measures to be observed during chest physiotherapy.

III. Chest Physiotherapy a. Initial Evaluation of Patient b. Chest Percussion and Vibration c. Postural Drainage d. Chest Mobility Exercises e. Diaphragm Retraining and Breathing Exercises

5%

1. Define each Lung Expansion Therapy. 2. State the goals, clinical indications

IV. Lung Expansion Therapy

a. Incentive Spirometry 5%

and contraindications of each therapy. 3. Describe the proper technique , hazards and precautionary measures to be observed for each therapy. 4. Identify appropriate secretion mobilization devices.

b. Intermittent Positive Pressure Breathing c. Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) d. Other devices

1. Describe alternative care settings in which respiratory care is performed 2. Describe how to instruct patients or caregivers and confirm their ability to provide care in alternative setting. 3. Describe proper documentation regarding patient evaluation and progress in alternative settings. 4. Patient safety and infection control measures to be observed in alternative patient care settings.

V. The Respiratory Homecare Program

a. Family Orientation b. Patient Orientation c. Homecare Program Implementation and Monitoring

5%

A. NEONATAL RESPIRATORY CARE B. PEDIATRIC RESPIRATORY CARE

60% 40%

CLASSIFICATION OF QUESTIONS


Understanding

Thinking Skills

1. Discuss the neonatal and pediatric anatomic/ physiologic characteristics.

I. Development of The Cardiopulmonary System

A. Placental Gas Exchange B. Phases Of Lung Development C. Cardiac Development

II. Physiologic Development

A. Lung Growth B. Transition Period C. Surface Forces and Surfactant D. Mechanics of Ventilation E. Ventilation

5%

1. Discuss the importance of general neonatal and pediatric examination, assessment, and history.

III. Patient Assessment A. Evaluation Of Neonatal Patient B. Evaluation Of Pediatric Patient

5%

1. Examine the chest radiograph for proper placement of artificial airways and/or the recognition of chest abnormalities

IV. Radiographic Evaluations A. Patient Position & Beam Projection B. Tube Positions C. Extra-Alveolar Air D. Intrathoracic Fluid Collections

5%

1. Etiology 2. Clinical manifestations 3. Pathophysiology 4. Radiographic and laboratory

findings 5. Clinical course of the disease 6. Prevention and Treatment

V. Neonatal Parenchymal Diseases A. Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome B. Aspiration Syndromes C. Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia & Neonatal Chronic Lung Disease D. Transient Tachypnea Of The Newborn E. Pulmonary Hemorrhage F. Neonatal Pneumonias

5%



VI. Pediatric Parenchymal Diseases A. Infectious Pneumonitis B. Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome C. Cystic Fibrosis D. Non-Infectious Pneumonitis E. Smoke Inhalation Injury F. Hydrocarbon Aspiration G. Chlorine Inhalation

5%

1. Etiology 2. Clinical manifestations

2. Pathophysiology 3. Radiographic and laboratory


VII. Obstructive Airway Diseases In Infants & Children

A. Pathophysiologic Effects Of Airway Obstruction B. Obstructive Diseases Of Upper Airway C. Obstructive Diseases Of Lower Airway D. Surgical Lesions Of Pediatric

5%

Airways & Lungs E. Lesions Of Pediatric Airway F. Lesions Of The Lung parenchyma



VIII. Congenital Heart Diseases (CHD) A. Fetal Circulation B. Classification & Presentation C. Effects On Pulmonary Function & Management D. Use Of Prostaglandin In Treatment of CHD & It’s Effect On Respiratory Care E. Effects Of Surgical Intervention On

Respiratory Care

5%

1. Etiology 2. Clinical manifestations 3. Pathophysiology 4. Radiographic and laboratory 5. findings 6. Clinical course of the disease 7. Prevention and Treatment

IX. Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) & Apnea Syndromes

A. SIDS B. Apnea Syndrome

5%


X. Care Of Neurologically-Injured Child

A. Head Injury B. Reye’s Syndrome C. Neuromuscular Diseases Of Children D. Chest Physical Therapy E. Mechanical Ventilation

5%


XI. Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) In Children

A. Definition B. Incidence C. Etiology D. Clinical Features E. Pathology F. Physiology

5%

G. Mechanisms Of Lung Injury H. Management I. Monitoring & Fluid Administration J. Drug Therapy

K. Investigational & Extraordinary Therapies

L. Complications M. Infection N. Nutrition O. Outcome

1. Given a clinical situation, identify appropriate oxygen therapy device needed by the neonates and pediatrics

2. Indications and contraindications for oxygen therapy.

XII. Neonatal & Pediatric Oxygen Therapy

A. Humidification B. Humidifiers C. Aerosols D. Oxygen Hoods E. Cannulae & Catheters F. Oxygen Masks G. Tents H. Incubators I. Oxygen Blenders & Analyzers J. Resuscitators K. Hyperbaric Oxygen for Pediatric Patients L. Nasal High Flow Therapy

5%

1. Describe the classes of drugs that are delivered by the aerosol route.

2. Compare mode of action, indications and adverse effects of mechanisms appropriate for each clinical situation.

XIII. Pharmacology A. Maternal Medications B. Aerosolized Medications C. Medications For Control Of Ventilation D. Medications For The Treatment Of Infections E. Corticosteroids F. Prostaglandin-Related Drugs G. Medications Used In Resuscitation

5%

1. Indications and contraindications of CPAP and Bi-PAP.

XIV. Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) & Bi-Level

5%

Positive Airway Pressure (Bi-PAP)

A. Definition B. Physiology C. Applications D. Hazards E. Systems F. Devices

1. Identify artificial airways needed. 2. Indications, management

techniques, and complications of artificial airways.

3. Describe procedures for intubation, extubation, suctioning and tracheostomy.

4. Describe indications,complications of suctioning.

5. Describe indications,hazards, positioning and complications for chest physiotherapy.

XV. Airway Care & Chest Physiotherapy in Neonatal and Pediatric Patients

A. Endotracheal Intubation B. Tracheostomy Care C. Extubation D. Suctioning E. Chest Physiotherapy

5%

1. Indications and contraindications of Invasive and Non-Invasive Blood Gas Sampling

2. Interpret basic blood gas results

XVI. Arterial Blood Gas Analysis & Other Cardio-Pulmonary Monitoring

A. Blood Gas Interpretation B. Invasive Blood Gas Sampling C. Non-Invasive Blood Gas Monitoring

5%

1. Define acute respiratory failure and its causes.

2. Indications for ventilatory support. 3. Identify the complications of

respiratory failure. 4. Classify and discuss modes of

ventilation. 5. Given a clinical scenario, choose

appropriate ventilator settings based on patient assessment and

XVII. Mechanical Ventilation A. Neonatal Ventilation

a. Indications b. Time Constants c. Ventilator Parameter Management d. High-Frequency Ventilation e. CPAP f. Weaning

B. Pediatric Ventilation

5%

adjust the ventilator settings on the basis of patient’s response.

a. Indications b. Ventilator Parameter Management c. Pressure Support d. Negative-Pressure Ventilation e. Weaning

1. Identify the goals and objectives of mechanical ventilation

2. Identify the clinical data that indicates the need for mechanical ventilation

3. Select the appropriate ventilator and mode based on the patient assessment and condition.

4. Determine the initial ventilator settings based on the clinical indicators.

5. Identify the types of hazards and complications associated with mechanical ventilation.

XVIII. Mechanical Ventilators A. Neonatal Mechanical Ventilators B. Pediatric Mechanical Ventilators

5%

1. Discuss transport team composition and roles.

2. Safety precautions during transport. 3. Equipments needed during

transport. 4. Inter and Intra-hospital transport.

XIX. Transport A.Transport Team Composition B. Modes Of Transportation C. Stabilization D. Conditions Requiring Transport Of Older Children E. Equipment

5%

1. Indications and contraindications of HFV and various therapies.

XX. Novel Modalities A. High-Frequency Ventilation B. Negative-Pressure Ventilation C. Apneic Ventilation D. Liquid Ventilation E. Percutaneous Ventilation F. Extra-Corporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) G. Surfactant Replacement Therapy

5%

1. Explain the use of respiratory therapy equipment in the home care setting.

2. Describe the method used for cleaning of respiratory therapy equipment at home.

3. Infection Control Measures.

XXI. Home Care A. Discharge Process B. Therapeutic Procedures C. Ventilator-Dependent Patients

5%

Submitted By:

HON. JULITA TOLEDO

Chairman of the Board

HON. SENEN O. TEOPE HON. JESUS ESPINAS

1ST Member of the Board 2nd Member of the Board

Documents

TABLE OF SPECIFICATIONS FOR RESPIRATORY …psartgateways.weebly.com/uploads/3/1/9/8/31980131/rt_board... · FOR RESPIRATORY THERAPISTS LICENSURE EXAMINATION I ... I. Electrophysiology