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TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER 5.0: Workforce
Chart 5.1: Total Number of Active Physicians per 1,000 Persons, 1980 – 2005
Chart 5.2: Total Number of Active Physicians per 1,000 Persons by State, 2005
Chart 5.3: Medical and Dental Residents in Training in Community Hospitals, 1981 – 2006
Chart 5.4: Total Full-time Equivalent Employees Working in Hospitals, 1981 – 2006
Chart 5.5: Full-time Equivalent Employees per Adjusted Admission, 1981 – 2006
Chart 5.6: Number of RN Full-time Equivalent Employees and RN FTEs per Adjusted Admission, 1987 – 2006
Chart 5.7: RN Full-time Equivalents as a Percentage of Total Hospital Full-time Equivalents, 1987 – 2006
Chart 5.8: Number of Physicians by Age, 1980, 1990, and 2006
Chart 5.9: RN Employment by Type of Provider, 1980 – 2004
Chart 5.10: Distribution of RN Workforce by Age Group, 1980 – 2020 (Projected)
Chart 5.11: Annual Percentage Change in Entry Level Baccalaureate Nursing Enrollment, 1990 – 2007
Chart 5.12: National Supply and Demand Projections for FTE RNs, 2000 – 2020
Chart 5.1: Total Number of Active Physicians per 1,000 Persons,1980 – 2005
1.92.1
2.22.4
2.5 2.6 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.52.7 2.6 2.7
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
80 85 90 95 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05
Phy
sici
ans
per
Tho
usan
d
Source: CDC, NCHS Health United States, 1982, 1996-97, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007.(1) 1980 does not include doctors of osteopathy.(2) 2004 and later years include both federal and non-federal physicians. Prior to 2003, data included non-federal
physicians only.
(1) (2)
Chart 5.2: Total Number of Active Physicians(1) per 1,000 Persons by State, 2005
2 – 2.50
< 2
3 – 3.99
> 4
Source: CDC, NCHS, Health United States, 2007.(1) Includes active federal and non-federal doctors of medicine and active doctors of osteopathy.
RI 3.58DE 2.61DC 7.56
2.51 – 2.99
Chart 5.3: Medical and Dental Residents in Training in Community Hospitals, 1981 – 2006
0
15,000
30,000
45,000
60,000
75,000
90,000
81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06
Res
iden
ts
Source: Avalere Health analysis of American Hospital Association Annual Survey data, 2006, for community hospitals.
Chart 5.4: Total Full-time Equivalent Employees Working in Hospitals, 1981 – 2006
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06
Mill
ions
Source: Avalere Health analysis of American Hospital Association Annual Survey data, 2006, for community hospitals.
Chart 5.5: Full-time Equivalent Employees per Adjusted Admission,(1) 1981 – 2006
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06
FT
Es
per
Adj
uste
d A
dmis
sion
Source: Avalere Health analysis of American Hospital Association Annual Survey data, 2006, for community hospitals. (1) An aggregate measure of workload reflecting the number of inpatient admissions, plus an estimate of the volume
of outpatient services, expressed in units equivalent to an inpatient admission in terms of level of effort.
Chart 5.6: Number of RN Full-time Equivalent Employees and RN FTEs per Adjusted Admission, 1987 – 2006
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06
Tho
usan
ds o
f R
N F
TE
s
0.010
0.012
0.014
0.016
0.018
0.020
0.022
0.024
RN
FT
Es
per
Adj
uste
d A
dmis
sion
RN FTEs RN FTEs per Adjusted Admission
Source: Avalere Health analysis of American Hospital Association Annual Survey data, 2006, for community hospitals.
Chart 5.7: RN Full-time Equivalents as a Percentage of Total Hospital Full-time Equivalents, 1987 – 2006
20%
21%
22%
23%
24%
25%
26%
27%
87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06
Per
cent
age
of H
ospi
tal F
TE
s
Source: Avalere Health analysis of American Hospital Association Annual Survey data, 2006, for community hospitals.
Chart 5.8: Number of Physicians by Age, 1980, 1990, and 2006
Source: American Medical Association. (2008 Edition). Physician Characteristics and Distribution in the US.
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
1980 1990 2006
Under 35
35-44
45-54
55-64
65 & OverA
ge 4
5 an
d ov
erA
ge u
nder
44
Nu
mb
er
of
Ph
ysic
ian
s (T
ho
usa
nd
s)Age Group
400
550600
Chart 5.9: RN Employment by Type of Provider, 1980 – 2004
Source: Bureau of Health Professions, Health Resources and Services Administration. (1980-2004). Findings from the National Survey of Registered Nurses. Link: https://bhpr.hrsa.gov/healthworkforce/nursing.htm.
Hospitals
Nursing Home/Extended Care Facilities
Public/Community Health
All Other
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004
Per
cent
age
of R
Ns
Chart 5.10: Distribution of RN Workforce by Age Group, 1980 – 2020 (Projected)
0
Nu
mb
er
of
RN
s (T
ho
usa
nd
s)
Age
und
er 4
0A
ge 4
0 an
d ov
erAge
Group
20s
30s
40s
50s
60s
1,000
500
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
1980 1990 2000 2010 (proj.) 2020 (proj.)2004
2,500
Source: Bureau of Health Professions, Health Resources and Services Administration. (1980-2004). Findings from the National Survey of Registered Nurses. Link: https://bhpr.hrsa.gov/healthworkforce/nursing.htm. 2010 and 2020 projections derived from The Lewin Group analysis of the National Sample Survey of Registered Nurses, 2000.
Chart 5.11: Annual Percentage Change in Entry Level Baccalaureate Nursing Enrollment, 1990 – 2007
2.6%
-2.6%
-6.2% -5.5%
-2.1%
3.7%
8.1%
16.6%
7.6%
5.0%
-4.6%
9.6%
14.1%
10.2%12.4%
-6.6%
14.3%
-10%
-5%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
90 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07
Source: American Association of Colleges of Nursing. (1994-2007). Percent Change in Enrollments in Entry-Level Baccalaureate Nursing Programs: 1994-2007. Link: http://www.aacn.nche.edu/Media/ppt/94-07EnrChgs.ppt, and Berlin, L.E. et al. Enrollment and Graduations in Baccalaureate and Graduate Programs in Nursing. Washington, DC: AACN. (1) 2007 data are preliminary as of December 2006.
(1)
Chart 5.12: National Supply and Demand Projections for FTE RNs,2000 – 2020
Source: National Center For Health Workforce Analysis, Bureau of Health Professions, Health Resources and Services Administration. (2004). What Is Behind HRSA’s Projected Supply, Demand, and Shortage of Registered Nurses? Link: ftp://ftp.hrsa.gov/bhpr/workforce/behindshortage.pdf.
RN FTE Supply
RN FTE Demand
1,500
1,700
1,900
2,100
2,300
2,500
2,700
2,900
2000 2005 2010 2015 2020
FT
Es
(Tho
usan
ds)
Shortage of over 1,000,000 nurses in 2020
