Table 1 Minimum Separation Distances

7/24/2019 Table 1 Minimum Separation Distances

1/123

Table 1 Minimum Separation Distances *

Sources of Contamination Distance

* If the well casing terminates less than 25 feet from nished grade or if the well

penetrates cre!iced or highl" porous formations at a minimum the distances listed

in Table 1 should be doubled#

Independent clear water drain$ septic s"stem perimeter drain$ rainwater downspout$

cistern$ h"drant drain$ or building foundation drain 1% feet

&ropert" lines 15 feet

Stream$ la'e or pond shoreline$ below(ground swimming pool$ open ditch or other

waterwa"$ sanitar" or storm sewer constructed of water wor's grade ductile iron

cast iron or &)C pipe with mechanical or push(on oints 2% feet

+atertight grease basin$ septic tan'$ wastewater holding tan'$ absorption eld$constructed wetland$ sewage lift station$ or sanitar" !ault pri!" ,a pri!" that utili-es

a solid wall wastewater holding tan'. 5% feet

Stable$ animal barn or feeding pen$ mil'house$ li!estoc' run$ or silo 5% feet

Sanitar" or storm sewer not constructed of water wor's grade ductile iron cast iron

or &)C pipe with mechanical or push(on oints 5% feet

&it pri!" ,a pri!" that has bric'( bloc'( or stone(lined pit walls.$ manure pile$

manure holding tan'$ silage pit$ dr" well$ seepage pit or trench$ or cesspool 1%%

feet

Surface or subsurface stored chemicals such as gasoline diesel fuel home heating

oil fertili-er pesticides etc# 1%% feet

Septage or treated sludge disposal area$ wastewater absorption$ storage retention

or treatment pond$ ridge and furrow waste disposal site$ or spra" irrigation waste

disposal site 5%% feet

/nco!ered salt storage 15%% feet


2/123

0iosphere n!ironment and ealth S"stems Series )olume 2 &hilippine 3egulations

on Sanitation and +astewater S"stems ,I4T34TI647 DITI64. Compiled b"

0onifacio 0# Magtiba" 2 +T8s I4SID9 : C74 +T3 CT 6; 2%%< : S+=

DIS&6S7 I33 ,1>>5. 6; S4ITTI64 C6D : 4TI647 &67IC? 64 /304S+3= 4D S4ITTI64 6; 1>>< : D43 3)ISD ;;7/4T 3=/7TI64S 6;

1>>% : 4&CC I33 64 D6MSTIC +ST+T3 DIS&6S7 6; 1>@1 : &36)ISI64S for

+ST+T3 DIS&6S7 I4 T +T3 C6D 4)I364M4T C6D &7/M0I4=

C6D 4TI647 0/I7DI4= C6D 76C7 =6)34M4T C6D CI)I7 C6D 4D

S4ITTI64 C6D A nd man" moreBBB &hilippine Cop"right 2%% b" 064I;CI6

0# M=TI0? EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE &ublished b" 0#0# Magtiba"8s &ublishing

ouse Imus Ca!ite &hilippines e(mailF bmagtiba"G"ahoo#com I4T34TI647

DITI64 lectronic )ersion ;I3ST 37S IS04 >H1(>211(2( < &3;C This boo'

is a compilation of &hilippine 3egulations on Sanitation and +astewater S"stems#

This international edition is the impro!ement of the locall" published &olicies and

=uidelines on +astewater Disposal S"stems# 3eJuests from agencies outside the&hilippines of copies of the local edition !ia the internet prompted the compiler to

prepare an electronic !ersion designed to cater the needs of ;ilipinos as well as

foreign readers# &ertinent documents included here were obtained from eKisting

laws regulations and standards such as 3epublic cts &residential Decrees 0oard

3esolutions dministrati!e 6rders Implementing 3ules and 3egulations and other

rele!ant statutes which are pac'aged in chronological order to trac' down the

seJuence of polic" de!elopment# To maintain emphasis on sanitation and

wastewater full teKt is used if the policies and guidelines are directl" concerned

about the subect while eKcerpts were presented if otherwise# &rofessions and

institutions on sanitation and wastewater s"stems are included in )olume 5 of thisseries# Since sanitation and wastewater is also the concern of other groups this

compilation is also intended for the use of other related professionals local

go!ernment units planning oLcers researchers polic" ma'ers teachers

consultants ,local and international. business rms board eKam re!iewees

students and the public in general who ma" be interested in the eld of sanitation

and wastewater s"stems en!ironmental health and en!ironmental management#

0ecause imperfection is ine!itable the compiler welcomes an" suggestion or

comment that will further impro!e the presentation of this boo'# Calling his

attention for an" error that ma" be noticed will be highl" appreciated# 0#0#M# (mailF

bmagtiba"Ggmail#com 1 December 2%% 5 C46+7D=M4TS The compiler

wishes to eKtend his gratitude to his colleagues wor'ing in se!eral sector agencies

,i#e# D6 DI7= D43 7+/ M+SS 4D &SS and IT4. who shared with him

copies of rele!ant materials during his in!ol!ement in !arious sector acti!ities such

as wor'shops lectures seminars consultations fora and researches# Special

ac'nowledgment to the staN of n!ironmental ealth Ser!ice D6 and

n!ironmental Management 0ureau D43 is herein accorded who unselshl"

shared with him copies of rele!ant policies the" prepared# The 4ational 7ibrar" as


3/123

well as libraries of the following institutions are also worth mentioningF /4IC;

+6 +orld 0an' 7+/ M0(D43 Imus Municipal 7ibrar" Miriam College De 7a

Salle /ni!ersit" and &hilippine +omenOs /ni!ersit"# Comments from his colleagues

to impro!e the rst edition is also ac'nowledged# The compiler will not forget the

eNorts of his former supe!isors at D6 ,ngr# Deln =on-ale- ngr# &ablo Imperio

Dr# 7ina Manapsal and Dr# Manuel 3oKas. and at /4IC; ,Mr# &hilippe eLnc' andMr# ernan Paramillo. who pro!ided a !aluable inspiration in pursuing his career in

the eld of water and sanitation# /tmost gratitude is also rela"ed to the &hilippine

Center for +ater and Sanitation who supported the rst publication and promoted

the boo' in the conduct of their training acti!ities# Kpression of than's also to the

organi-ers of the 2%%% +orld +ater Da" celebration in the &hilippines where the

launching of the rst edition of the boo' was included in the program# The

encouragement and support of his wife and children is a moti!ating factor for the

completion of this boo'# ;inall" he would li'e to gi!e his praise and than'sgi!ing to

=od lmight" who pro!ided him wisdom strength patience endurance and needed

resources# 0#0#M# DDICTI64 This piece of wor' is sincerel" dedicatedF : To m"

wife ( Memotte and m" sons ( Christian &aul and Christiel Pohn$ : To m" brothers and

sisters m" in(laws and in remembrance of m" parents$ : To m" fellow Sanitar"

ngineers in the &hilippines : To m" colleagues in the water and sanitation sector :

To the celebration of the International ?ear of Sanitation 2%%@# H I4T36D/CTI64

Sanitation as used in this boo' would mean the h"gienic measures of isolating the

ha-ards of wastes from human contact to promote health# +astes generated b"

human beings could be eKcreta urine wastewater solid wastes industrial wastes

and agricultural wastes# These wastes ma" contain ha-ards such as microbial

pathogens and ha-ardous chemicals which will be detrimental to human health if

left uncontrolled# The emphasis of this boo' is on the application of sanitation to

wastewater# +astewater elements considered are eKcreta urine sewage sullagestorm water and other liJuid wastes generated from domestic commercial

agricultural and industrial acti!ities# Solid wastes and medical wastes ma"be

co!ered b" some regulations if being disposed indiscriminatel" in land surfaces

drainage or bodies of water that will e!entuall" aNect the !olume and Jualit" of

wastewater# S"stems that isolate ha-ards from human contact could be the

application of engineering solutions that deal with the processes of collection

transport treatment reuse and rec"cling of wastewater$ simple technolog" ,e#g# pit

latrines.$ or e!en simple handwashing practices# Sanitation and wastewater is not

onl" the concern of modern man# ncient ci!ili-ations such as the 3oman mpire

were !er" particular with these s"stems# Jueducts had been built to transportwater from the mountains to the cit" to meet their water suppl" demand# To dispose

wastewater sewer lines and drainage were constructed1 # In the &hilippines

disposal of wastewater is turning to be an enormous challenge# This is the concern

of 4D 0oard 3esolution 4o# 5 series of 1>>< which stated the national polic" for

urban sewerage and sanitation# The countr"8s rapid population increase coupled

with industriali-ation eNorts produced pressures to the capacit" of the en!ironment

to absorb generated wastes# /ntreated wastes are ha-ards to health and


4/123

en!ironment# pidemics sh 'ills Qoods and other related disasters on record

pro!ed the menace brought b" poor management of wastewater which claimed

se!eral li!es and debilitated a number of people mostl" aNecting children#

+astewater if not properl" handled will further reduce the remaining limited

Juantit" of good water to the detriment of all# 0eing aware of these the &hilippine

go!ernment has formulated policies and guidelines that will ensure propermanagement of the countr"8s wastewater# The professionals mandated b" law ,3##

1 2 n!ironmental &ollutionF The Challenge to the Sanitar" ngineering

&rofession# paper presented b" ngr# ludero S# Sal!o to the >2# @ T07 6; C64T4TS &age &3;C < C46+7D=M4TS 5

DDICTI64 I4T36D/CTI64 H C364?MSR003)ITI64S 1% 06/T T

C6M&I73 1>1 3ef# 4umber Title of Document %%1 Drainage of 0uildings ,Ci!il Code

of the &hilippines ( 3## @ of 1>. 12 %%2 Sanitar" ngineers and +astewater

Disposal S"stems ,Sanitar" ngineering 7aw( 3## 1< of 1>55. 1 %% Sewerage

and Sanitation &ro!isions ,&lumbing 7aw ( 3## 1H@ of 1>55. 1< %%< Sources of

;und for ;lood Control &roects ,D# 1@ of 1>H2. 1 %%5 Sewerage &ro!isions

,&ro!incial +ater /tilities ct ( D# 1>@ of 1>H. 1H %% Sewage Disposal &ro!isions,1>H< I33 of D# 522. 1@ %%H Sewage Disposal and Drainage &ro!isions ,Sanitation

Code ( D# @5 of 1>H5. 21 %%@ Drainage &ro!isions ,+ater Code ( D# 1%H of

1>H. 2 %%> +astewater and Drainage &ro!isions ,4ational 0uilding Code ( D#

1%> of 1>HH. 2H %1% 7iJuid +aste Disposal &ro!isions ,n!ironment Code ( D#

1152 of 1>HH. 2@ %11 ;lood Control &ro!isions ,n!ironment Code ( D# 1152 of

1>HH. 2> > %12 uent +ater ualit" 3eJuirements ,4&CC 3ules and 3egulations of

1>H@. % %1 Domestic +astewater Disposal 3eJuirements ,4&CC 3ules and

3egulations of 1>@1. 1 %1< uent 3egulations ,4&CC 3egulations of 1>@2. H

%15 /pdated Sources of ;und for ;lood Control &roects ,#6# 4o# 52 of 1>@. @% %1

3e!ised uent 3egulations ,D43 #6# 4o# 5 s# 1>>%. @1 %1H Sewerage andSanitation &ro!isions , Industrial "giene. ,D6 #6# 111 s#1>>1 > %1@ Sanitation

and Drainage &ro!isions ,7ocal =o!ernment Code ( 3## H1% of 1>>1. > %1>

Sanitation and Drainage &ro!isions ,7ocal =o!ernment Code I33 of 1>>2. >H %2%

+astewater &ro!isions ,4ational &lumbing Code 1>>(1>>< 3e!ision. >@ %21

4ational &olic" on /rban Sewerage and Sanitation ,4D 0oard 3esolution 4o# 5 s#

1>> %22 6Lcial Denition of Sewerage and Sanitation Terms ,4D 0oard

3esolutions 4o# 12 s# 1>>5. 11 %2 Sewage Disposal and Drainage 3eJuirements


5/123

,Sanitation Code I33 of 1>>5. 1< %2< Supplemental I33 of Sewage Disposal and

Drainage ,2%%. 152 %25 Clean +ater ct ,3 (>2H5 of 2%%


6/123

not possible to gi!e an outlet through the house itself to the rain water collected

thereon the establishment of an easement of drainage can be demanded gi!ing an

outlet to the water at the point of the contiguous lands or tenements where its

egress ma" be easiest and establishing a conduit for the drainage in such manner

as to cause the least damage to the ser!ient estate after pa"ment of the proper

indemnit"# ((((((( 1 %%2 S4IT3? 4=I43S 4D +ST+T3 S?STMS,S4IT3? 4=I43I4= 7+ 6; 1>55. VC3&TS ;36M 3## 1< ( S4IT3?

4=I43I4= 7+ ,ppro!ed 1@ Pune 1>55. Sec# 2# Denition of terms# ( The

practice of sanitar" engineering within the meaning and intent of this ct shall

embrace the following acti!itiesF ,a. Sanitar" sur!e"s reports design direction

management consultation and in!estigation ofF ,1. +ater purication plants water

collection and distribution s"stems reser!oirs drainage and sewer s"stems

sewage treatment plants malaria control structures sewage disposal tan's and

other structures for public health and welfare# ,b. &rofessional research and

laborator" wor' supporting the acti!ities listed in subsection ,a.# AA# ,See )olume

5 ( &hilippine Institutions and &rofessions on +ater Sanitation and n!ironment

S"stems for its full teKt. 1< %% S+3= 4D S4ITTI64 &36)ISI64S

,&7/M0I4= 7+. VC3&TS ;36M T &7/M0I4= 7+( 4 CT T6 3=/7T T

T3D 6; MST3 &7/M03 3## 1H@ ,ppro!ed Pune 1@ 1>55. A Sec# 5# The

&resident of the &hilippines is hereb" authori-ed to issue rules and regulations to

carr" into eNect the obecti!es of this ct upon recommendation of the 0oard of

Kaminers for Master &lumbers and in consultation with a dul" registered national

association of master plumbers in accordance with the following basic principles

eKcept in cases where it ma" pro!e oppressi!e or eKclusi!el" burdensome to those

without suLcient means and to such buildings structures or constructions !alued at

!e thousand pesos or less$ AA# ,e. !er" building ha!ing plumbing Ktures

installed and intended for human habitation occupanc" or use on premises abuttingon a street alle" or easement in which there is a public sewer shall ha!e a

connection with the sewer# ,f. ach famil" dwelling unit on premises abutting on

sewer or with a pri!ate sewage(disposal s"stem shall ha!e at least one water

closet and 'itchen(t"pe sin'# It is further recommended that a la!ator" and bath(tub

or shower shall be installed to meet the basic reJuirements of sanitation and

personal h"giene# ll other structures for human occupanc" or use on premises

abutting on a sewer or with a pri!ate sewage(disposal s"stem shall ha!e at least

one water closet and 'itchen(t"pe sin'# It is further recommended that a la!ator"

and bath(tub or shower shall be installed to meet the basic reJuirements of

sanitation and personal h"giene# ll other structures for human occupanc" or useon premises abutting on a sewer or with a pri!ate sewage(disposal s"stem shall

ha!e adeJuate sanitar" facilities but in no case less than one water closet and one

other Kture for cleansing purposes# ,g. &lumbing Ktures shall be made of smooth

non(absorbent material and shall be free from concealed fouling surface# ,h. The

drainage s"stem shall be designed constructed and maintained so as to guard

against fouling deposits of solids and clogging and with adeJuate cleanouts so

arranged that the pipes ma" be readil" cleaned# ,i. The piping of the plumbing


7/123

s"stem shall be of durable materials free from defecti!e wor'manship and so

designed and constructed as to gi!e satisfactor" ser!ice for its reasonable eKpected

life# ,. ach Kture directl" connected to the drainage s"stem shall be eJuipped

with a water(seal trap# 15 ,'. The drainage s"stem shall be designed to pro!ide an

adeJuate circulation of air in pipes with no danger of siphonage aspiration or

forcing of trap seals under conditions of ordinar" use# ,l. ach terminal shall eKtendto the outer air and be so installed as to minimi-e the possibilities of clogging and

the return of foul air to the building# ,m. The plumbing s"stem shall be subect to

such tests as will eNecti!el" disclose all lea's and defects in the wor'# ,n. 4o

substances which will clog the pipes produce eKplosi!e miKtures destro" the pipes

or their oints or interfere undul" with the sewage(disposal process shall be allowed

to enter the building drainage s"stem# ,o. &roper protection shall be pro!ided to

pre!ent contamination of food water sterile goods and similar materials b"

bac'Qow of sewage# +hen necessar" the Kture de!ice or appliance shall be

connected indirectl" with the building drainage s"stem# ,p. 4o water closet or urinal

shall be located in a room or compartment which is not properl" lighted and

!entilated# ,J. If water closets or other plumbing Ktures are installed in building

where there is no sewer within a reasonable distance suitable pro!ision shall be

made for disposing of the building sewage b" some accepted method of treatment

and disposal# , r. +here a plumbing drainage s"stem ma" be subected to bac'Qow

of sewage suitable pro!ision shall be made to pre!ent its o!erQow in the building#

,s. &lumbing s"stem shall be maintained in a sanitar" and ser!iceable condition# ,t.

ll plumbing Ktures shall be so installed with regard to spacing as to be reasonabl"

accessible for their intended use# ,u. &lumbing shall be installed with due regard to

the preser!ation of the strength of structural members and pre!ention of damage to

walls and other surfaces through Ktures usage# ,!. Sewage or other waste from a

plumbing s"stem which ma" be deleterious to surface or subsurface waters shallnot be discharged into the ground or into an" waterwa" unless it has rst been

rendered innocuous through subection to some accepted form of treatment#

((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( 1 %%< S6/3CS 6; ;/4D ;63 ;766D C64T367 &36PCTS

,VC3&TS ;36M D# 4o# 1@(Signed b" &resident ;erdinand # Marcos H 6ctober

1>H2. In order to pro!ide for the proper nancing of the proect there is hereb"

created a =reater Manila Metropolitan rea and Drainage ;und ccount to be

deposited in the 4ational Treasur" which shall be constituted from the following

sourcesF ,a. &roceeds from a special metropolitan Qood taK of twent"(!e ,&%#25.

centa!os le!ied on all admission tic'ets of mo!ie houses in =reater Manila for a

period of fteen ,15. "ears$ ,b. ;und releases from appropriation of !arious &ublic+or' cts for the &roect$ ,c. &roceeds from additional real estate taKes ,not

eKceeding one(eight ,1R@. of 1 W of the assessed !alue of real state located within

Metropolitan Manila. other taKes or sources which ma" be imposed if and when the

funds generated b" the special metropolitan Qood taK on theater admission is not

suLcient to complete and maintain the Qood control and drainage proect# 1H %%5

S+3= &36)ISI64S ,&36)I4CI7 +T3 /TI7ITIS CT. ,VC3&TS ;36M D#

46# 1>@ Signed b" &resident ;erdinand # Marcos on 25 Ma" 1>H. TIT7 II ( 76C7


8/123

+T3 DIST3ICT 7+ AA## Chapter )II ( &owers of District AA Sec# 2># Sewerage# (

district ma" reJuire construct operate and furnish facilities and ser!ices within

or without the district for the collection treatment and disposal of sewage waste

and storm water# The district ma" onl" furnish such ser!ices outside the district b"

means of facilities designed primaril" to ser!e inside the district# /pon pro!iding a

sewer s"stem in an" area of the district the district ma" reJuire all buildings usedb" human beings to be connected to the sewer s"stem within such reasonable time

as ma"be prescribed b" the district pro!ided that the propert" upon which such

building to be connected stands is located within 5 meters of an eKisting main of

the district8s sewer s"stem# fter due notice thereof and refusal on the part of the

propert" owner to so connect with the district8s sewer s"stem the district ma"

declare the further maintenance or use of cesspools septic tan's or other local

means of sewerage disposal in such area to be a public nuisance and after notice

and writing of at least 1% da"s depri!e said propert" owner of an" and all ser!ices

pro!ided b" the district which sanction ma" be co(eKtensi!e with the period during

which the propert" owner persists in refusing to connect with the district8s sewer

s"stem# AA## Chapter IV ( 3e!enues Sec# @# Ser!ice and Stand(0" Charges ( Sewer#

( district ma" prescribe and collect rates and other charges for sewer ser!ices

furnished# district ma" also K le!" and collect a sewerage and wastewater

ser!ice stand(b" or a!ailabilit" charge in the e!ent sewer ser!ice is a!ailable and no

connection is made# Such rates and charges ma" be collected with the water

charges of the district# In the e!ent of failure to pa" the whole or an" part thereof

district ma" continue an" and all ser!ices for which such bill is rendered including

water sewer and other district ser!icesF &ro!ided That this pro!ision shall not be

construed to prohibit the district from collecting rates and other charges in an"

other lawful manner# AA## EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE 1@ %% S+= DIS&6S7

&36)ISI64S ,I33 of D# 522. ,VC3&TS ;36M T I33 of D# 522 D6Department Circular 4o# 22% s# 1>HH


9/123

nished with colored cement or tiles some should be laid e!enl" and easil"

cleanable# The walls shall be e!enl" plastered smooth and easil" cleanable

nished in light color or can be pro!ided with tile wainscoting of a minimum height

of 1#2 meters e!enl" laid# The toilet compartment shall be pro!ided with ceiling

nished in light color# The Qoor walls and ceiling shall alwa"s be 'ept clean and

maintained in good repair at all times# i!# Doors ( Doors of toilet compartments shallbe self(closing and shall not open directl" to an" food preparation area or to areas

where utensils are washed and stored# c. Sanitar" facilitiesF i# +ater closet ( the

water closet shall be seat t"pe made of !itreous china or e!en material# It could

either be a compact t"pe or pro!ided with an ele!ated tan' to contain suLcient

!olume of water enough to Qush the water closet after use# 1> ii# 7a!ator" facilities (

adeJuate and con!enientl" located hand washing facilities shall be pro!ided in toilet

compartment for each seK# sign +ash ?our and fter /sing the Toilet shall be

posted at a conspicuous place# iii# /rinal ( /rinal shall be pro!ided in the men8s toilet

compartment# It can be either wall(hung urinal or built(in# If built(in urinals are

pro!ided it shall be of suLcient length properl" tiled and pro!ided with suLcient

water Qowing at all times# i!# =arbage cans ( there shall be pro!ided at least one

garbage can near the la!ator" with tight tting co!er for the disposal of used paper

towels and other waste materials# d. Sanitar" maintenance ( all toilet compartments

including the sanitar" facilities shall be 'ept clean and sanitar" at all times# 4o

wastewater shall be permitted to be eKposed to Qies and animals# The surrounding

area shall be free from accumulation of rubbish and maintained clean at all times# 2#

Sewage Collection and Disposal a. Sewage Collection ( the sewage from the house

plumbing s"stem shall be connected to a public sewerage s"stem if a!ailable or to a

septic tan'# i# Septic tan' ( shall be generall" rectangular in shape built of concrete

or other materials# 0ric' or concrete bloc's ma" be used where practical# The walls

of the septic tan' shall be plastered inside be water tight and free from lea's#Septic tan' of an" other t"pe or materials shall need the appro!al of the health

authorit" before being installed# ii# Capacit" ( the septic tan' capacit" shall be

determined from the estimated unit Qow per table attached uantities of Sewage

;low based on adeJuate detention time# ;or residences hotels motels boarding

houses apartment houses and rooming houses the number of persons to be

ser!ed shall be computed on the basis of the number of rooms with each bedroom

occupied b" 2 persons or on the basis of the actual number of persons ser!ed b"

the tan's whiche!er is greater# b. Disposal of Septic Tan' uent ( the septic tan'

euent shall be discharged into a subsurface soil absorption eld where applicable

or shall be treated with some t"pe of purication de!ice# The treated euent shallconform to the Jualit" standards prescribed b" the 4ational &ollution Control

Commission# The reJuirement of absorption eld is as followsF i# ll drain tiles shall

be laid in washed and screened gra!el slag or roc' of similar material of such si-e

retained on a siK millimeter screen# 0ro'en shell if retained on a twel!e millimeter

screen ma" be used where practical# The pre!ious material shall eKtend from a

minimum distance of ten centimeters below the drain tile up to top of drain tile# 2%

ii# The maKimum depth from the bottom of drain tile to the nished grade of the


10/123

ground shall not eKceed siKt" centimeters and the drain eld shall be laid abo!e the

ground water table b" at least ninet" centimeters# iii# The minimum width of the

trench containing the drain tile shall be thirt" centimeters# The maKimum width

shall be fort"(!e centimeters# i!# &ipes used in the absorption eld shall be not less

than ten centimeters inside diameter and shall be made of concrete !itried cla" or

other appro!ed materials# !# Drain pipe shall be laid with open oints not to eKceedsiK millimeters# ll open oints shall be co!ered on top and down along the open

sides with hea!" asphalt(treated building paper or other appro!ed material before

careful bac'lling of trench# !i# ll drain lines shall be graded from the outlet of the

tan' and distribution boK with a downward slope of %# W to %#5W# !ii# Distance

between laterals shall be no less than ninet" centimeters with 2#H5. C&T3 V)II ( S+= C677CTI64 4D DIS&6S7

VC3T DIS&6S7 4D D3I4= Sec# H1# Denition of Terms# s used in this

Chapter the following terms shall meanF a# &ublic sewerage s"stem ( a s"stem

ser!ing twent"(!e ,25. persons or more# b# Septic tan' ( a water tight receptacle

which recei!es the discharge of a plumbing s"stem or part thereof and is designed

to accomplish the partial remo!al and digestion of the suspended solid matter in the

sewage through a period of detention# Its construction shall be in accordance with

specications prescribed in this Chapter# c# ouse sewer ( the pipe line con!e"ingsewage from the house or building to the septic tan' or to an" point of discharge# d#

Septic tan' absorption bed or drain eld ( an underground s"stem of pipes leading

from the outlet of the septic tan' consisting of open(oined or perforated pipes so

distributed that the euent from a septic tan' is oKidi-ed and absorbed b" the soil#

e# Necti!e capacit" of a septic tan' ( the actual liJuid capacit" of a septic tan' as

contained below the liJuid le!el line of the tan'# f# Necti!e depth of a septic tan' (

the actual liJuid depth of a septic tan' as measured from the inside bottom of the


11/123

septic tan' to the liJuid le!el line# g# ;reeboard or air space of a septic tan' ( the

distance as measured from the liJuid le!el line to the inside top of the septic tan'#

h# Distribution boK ( a small concrete receptacle between the septic tan' and the

drain eld from which lines of drain tile eKtends and which acts as surge tan' to

distribute the Qow of sewage eJuall" to each line of drain tile# i# ppro!ed eKcreta

disposal facilities shall mean an" of the followingF 1# ;lush toilets properl"connected to a communit" sewer$ 2# ;lush toilets properl" connected to a septic

tan' constructed in accordance with this Chapter$ # n" appro!ed t"pe pit pri!"

built in accordance with this Chapter$ and


12/123

restaurants or other establishments where the sewage carries a large amount of

grease# Sec# H5# Septic Tan's# +here a public sewerage s"stem is not a!ailable

sewer outfalls from residences schools and other buildings shall be discharged into

a septic tan' to be constructed in accordance with the following minimum

reJuirementsF a# It shall be generall" rectangular in shape# +hen a number of

compartments are used the rst compartment shall ha!e a capacit" from one(halfto two(thirds of the total !olume of the tan'# b# It shall be built of concrete whether

precast or poured in place# 0ric' concrete bloc's or adobe ma" be used# c# It shall

not be constructed under an" building and within 25 meters from an" source of

water suppl"# Sec# H# Disposal of Septic Tan' uent# The euent from septic tan'

shall be discharged into a subsurface soil absorption eld where applicable or shall

be treated with some t"pe of a purication de!ice# The treated euent ma" be

discharged into a stream or bod" of water if it conforms to the Jualit" standards

prescribed b" the 4ational +ater and ir &ollution Control Commission# Sec# HH#

Determination of Septic Tan' Capacit"# The septic tan' capacit" ma" be determined

from the estimated unit Qow contained in Table 1 uantities of Sewage ;low

based on adeJuate detention time inter!al resulting in eLcient sedimentation# Dail"

Qow from mattered results ma" be used as estimated Qow when a!ailable# ;or

edices with occupants the number of persons to be ser!ed shall be computed on

the number of rooms with each room considered as occupied b" two persons or on

the basis of the actual number of persons ser!ed b" the tan' whiche!er is greater#

2< Table 1# /4TITIS 6; S+= ;76+ T"pe of stablishment =als#RDa"R&erson

Small dwellings and cottages 5% 7arge dwellings with numerous Ktures H5(1%%

Multiple famil" residence 5% 3ooming houses


13/123

should co!er the pit tightl" to pre!ent the entrance of Qies# It shall be constructed of

concrete or other imper!ious material# d# The water(sealed bowl shall be oined to

the Qoor so as to form a water(tight and insect proof oint# e# suitable building

shall be constructed to pro!ide comfort and pri!ac" for the users of the pri!"# f#

+ooden Qoors and seat risers shall not be used# Sec# H># Drainage# a# 3esponsibilit"

of cities and municipalities# It shall be the responsibilit" of all cities andmunicipalities to pro!ide and maintain in a sanitar" state and in good repair a

satisfactor" s"stem of drainage in all inhabited areas where waste water from

buildings and premises could empt" without causing nuisance to the communit"

and danger to public health# b# Connection to the municipal drainage s"stem#

0uildings or premises producing waste water shall be connected to the municipal

drainage s"stem in all areas where it eKists# Sec# @%# Special &recaution for

3adioacti!e Kcreta and /rine of ospitali-ed &atient# a# &atients gi!en high

dosages of radioacti!e isotope for therap" should be gi!en toilet facilities separate

from those used b" non(radioacti!e patients# b# 3adioacti!e patients should be

instructed to use the same toilet bowl at all times and to Qush it at least three times

after its use# (((((((((((((((((((( 2 %%@ D3I4= &36)ISI64S ,+T3 C6D.

,VC3&TS ;36M T +T3 C6D 6; T &I7I&&I4S (&D 1%H (Signed b"

&resident ;erdinand # Marcos 1 December 1>H. Chapter I) /TI7IXTI64 6;

+T3S AA## rt# ;ebruar" 1>HH. Chapter > ( Sanitation Sec# >%# +astewater

Disposal S"stem ( ,a. Sanitar" sewage from buildings and neutrali-ed or pre(treated

industrial wastewater shall be discharged directl" into the nearest street sanitar"

sewer main of eKisting municipal or cit" sanitar" sewerage s"stem in accordance

with the criteria set b" the Code on Sanitation and the 4ational &ollution Control

Commission# ,b. ll buildings located in areas where there are no a!ailable sanitar"

sewerage s"stem shall dispose their sewage to ImhoN or septic tan' andsubsurface absorption eld# ,c. Sanitar" and industrial plumbing installations inside

buildings and premises shall conform to the pro!isions of the 4ational &lumbing

Code# Sec# >%


14/123

1>HH. TIT7 ) ( +ST M4=M4T Chapter III ( Methods of 7iJuid +aste Disposal

Sec# 5%# 7iJuid +aste Disposal# +astewater from manufacturing plants industries

communit" or domestic sources shall be treated either ph"sicall" biologicall" or

chemicall" prior to disposal in accordance with the rules and regulations

promulgated b" proper go!ernment authorit"# ((((((((((((((((( 2> %11 ;766D C64T367

,4)I364M4T C6D. VC3&TS ;36M T &I7I&&I4 4)I364M4T C6D D#4o# 1152 ,ppro!ed b" &resident ;erdinand # Marcos Pune 1>HH. TIT7 I) (

4T/37 3S6/3CS M4=M4T 4D C64S3)TI64 Chapter I) ( ;lood Control

and 4atural Calamities Sec#


15/123

the Commission shall reJuire treatment andRor disposal on a case(to(case basis# In

case of oil containing wastes grease traps and oil(water separators must be

pro!ided# Sec# H1# &rohibition# ( Disposal of wastewater b" inection into ground

water aJuifers is prohibited eKcept in special cases as appro!ed b" the

Commission# Dumping of oil and other harmful substances into the sea is li'ewise

prohibited eKcept in cases as pro!ided for in Sec# > of D# >H># (((((((((((((((((((( 1%1 D6MSTIC +ST+T3 DIS&6S7 I33 6; 1>@1 3/7S 4D 3=/7TI64S 6;

T 4TI647 &677/TI64 C64T367 C6MMISSI64 ;63 D6MSTIC +ST+T3

DIS&6S7 &ursuant to the pro!isions of Section ,g. of &residential Decree 4o# >@


16/123

included# i# uent shall mean the liJuid outQow of an" facilit" designed to treat

con!e" or retain wastewater# # Industrial wastewaters or industrial wastes shall

mean all wastewaters from an" producing manufacturing processing commercial

agricultural or other operations where the wastewater discharged includes

signicant Juantities of wastes of non(fecal origin# '# 7ateral sewer or collecting

sewer shall mean the public sewer usuall" 2%% mm# or larger in diameter and usedto collect wastewater from house connection and industrial connection sewers and

transport it to main or trun' sewers# It is also called common sewer# l#Main

sewer ,see trun' sewer. m#Manhole shall mean a structure or an opening

constructed in a sewer or an" part of the sewerage s"stem of suLcient si-e for a

man to gain access thereto for inspection repair or maintenance purposes# n#

&ermit to 6perate shall mean the legal authori-ation granted b" the Commission

to operate or maintain an" installation for a specied period of time# o# &rimar"

treatment shall mean treatment that emplo"s methods which reduce or remo!e

the settleable and Qoating solids but little or no colloidal or dissol!ed matter# It is

the rst and sometimes the onl" maor treatment in a wastewater treatment# p#

&ublic sewer shall mean an" sewer dedicated to public use# J# &ublic waters

shall mean all waters or an" ri!er stream water course pond reser!oir la'e

estuarine marine and ground water within the territor" of the &hilippines# r#

Sanitar" sewage shall mean a sewer designed to carr" liJuid and water(carried

human wastes from residences commercial buildings industrial plants and

institutions together with minor Juantities of storm water and ground water that

ma" gain entr" to it# Signicant Juantities of industrial wastes are not carried in

sanitar" sewers# s# Sanitar" sewer shall mean a sewer designed to carr" liJuid and

water(carried human wastes from residences commercial buildings industrial

plants and institutions together with minor Juantities of storm water and ground

water that ma" gain entr" to it# Signicant Juantities of industrial wastes are notcarried in sanitar" sewers# t# Secondar" treatment shall mean treatment that

emplo"s methods which reduce or remo!e ne suspended colloidal and dissol!ed

solids and cause a reduction of organic material b" but not limited to biological

oKidation# u# Sedimentation tan' shall mean a tan' or basin in which sewage or

other liJuid containing settleable solids is retained for a suLcient time and in which

the !elocit" of Qow is suLcientl" low to remo!e b" gra!it" a part of the suspended

matter# The detention period should be short enough to a!oid anaerobic

decomposition# It is also called settling tan'# !# Septic tan' shall mean a single(

stor" settling tan' in which the settled sludge is in immediate contact with the

sewage Qowing through the tan' while the organic solids are decomposed b"anaerobic bacterial action# w# Septic tan' s"stem shall mean the combination of a

house sewer septic tan' and soil absorption eld for use as a domestic wastewater

treatment and disposal s"stem whene!er and where!er a sanitar" sewerage s"stem

is not a!ailable# K# Sewage shall mean a combination of the liJuid or water(carried

wastes from residences business buildings and institutions together with those

from industrial establishments and with such ground water surface water and

storm water as ma" be present# It is now commonl" called wastewater# "# Sewage


17/123

treatment shall mean an" process,es. to which sewage is subected in order to

remo!e or alter its obectionable constituents and thus render it less oNensi!e or

dangerous# -# Sewage wor's shall mean an" or all facilities for collecting

pumping treating and disposing of sewage# aa# Sewer shall mean a pipe or

conduit generall" closed but normall" not Qowing full for carr"ing sewage and other

waste liJuids# bb# Sewerage shall mean facilities or s"stems used for collectingcon!e"ing pumping and disposing of sewage or wastewater# cc# Subdi!ision shall

mean a tract or parcel of land partitioned primaril" for residential purposes or

human habitation# It includes all open spaces and other communit" and public

usages in the area# Ktraudicial partitions of a parcel of land among heirs or co(

owners do not fall under this denition# dd# Storm sewer is a sewer designed to

carr" storm water and ground water inltration but eKcluding domestic sewage and

industrial wastewater# It is also called storm drain# ee# Trun' sewer or intercepting

sewer shall mean a main sewer that con!e"s wastewater to treatment facilities or

points of disposal# The usuall" ser!es a large territor"# N# )ariance shall mean a

de!iation from prescribed reJuirements standards duration concentration le!els

amounts or Juantities as contained in these 3ules and 3egulations# gg# +et well

shall mean a compartment in which liJuid is collected and held for Qow eJuali-ation

and then pumped for transmission through the treatment plant or sewerage s"stem#

SC # dministrati!e &rocedures# ( The pro!isions of Chapter 1 of the 1>H@ 3ules

and 3egulations shall appl" in these 3ules and 3egulations# SC# H# )ariances#( H@ 3ules and 3egulations of the Commission#


18/123

SC# ># Staged Construction of Sewage +or's#( Construction of sewage wor's in

stages will be considered where the entire de!elopment is to be completed or sold

as a series of indi!idual sections or groups of properties according to a de!elopment

plan but not necessaril" on a continuous schedule in accordance with Section 2 of

D# 4o# >5H# +here stage construction is proposed the original design plans and

specications shall pro!ide for collection and treatment facilities adeJuate to ser!ethe properties to be included in each de!elopment stage# The sub(trun' and trun'

sewers shall be adeJuatel" designed to handle the Qow from sewer lines to ser!e

the properties to be de!eloped in all future stages of residential construction#

proposal for stage de!elopment shall be described in detail in the engineering

report# SC# 1%# ngineering 3eport#(n engineering report prepared b" a licensed

Sanitar" ngineer shall be submitted to the Commission for re!iew prior to the

preparation of the nal plans and specications# The report shall contain the

following informationF # Collection S"stem 1# &resent area ser!ed as well as future

areas to be ser!ed including population data for each area# 2# Terrain data in

suLcient detail to establish general topographical features of present and future

areas to be ser!ed# # Minimum and maKimum grades proposed# 5


19/123

should be made as to its proKimit" to present and future housing de!elopments

industrial sites pre!ailing winds highwa"s andRor public thoroughfares water

suppl" treatment plants par's schools recreational areas and shopping centers# H#

The means of discharge or the utili-ation of plant euent# If the euent is to be

discharged to public sewers the immediate recei!ing stream canal maor water

course etc# shall be designated# The Jualit" of the recei!ing waters and theengineer8s anal"sis of the euent8s eNect on the waters shall be included# In the

case of utili-ation of the euent for irrigation or land application the operational

procedures for both normal and wet weather conditions shall be included# @#

Description of the downstream water use regarding recreation areas and water

suppl" inta'e structures# ># ;low diagram of the treatment facilities C&T3 II

=437 3/I3M4TS SC 11# uthorit" to Construct 3eJuired ( 4o person shall

construct repair alter or reno!ate an" sewage wor's unless the same is co!ered b"

a !alid authorit" to construct from the Commission or its dul" authori-ed

representati!e in addition to such other permits as ma" be reJuired b" law# The

application for authorit" to construct sewage wor's shall be made on forms

prescribed b" the Commission# It shall be led in three copies or sets and shall be

supported b" oLcial receipt of the ling fee the appro!ed engineering report the

nal plans and specications dul" signed b" a Sanitar" ngineer and such other

documents information and data as ma"be reJuired b" the Commission# SC# 12#

ction on pplication for uthorit" to Construct#( ,a. The Commission shall act on

applications for authorit" to construct within thirt" da"s from receipt of the

complete plans and specications of the sewage wor's# ,b. The re!iew of the plans

and specications of sewage wor's b" the Commission shall consider onl" the

features co!ered b" the standards criteria established in these 3ules and

3egulations and not in regard to structural features of design such strength of

concrete adeJuac" of reinforcing or the electrical featuresF ,c . &lans andspecications which meet the reJuirements of these 3ules and 3egulations shall be

issued the corresponding uthorit" to Construct# SC# 1# Start and Completion of

+or'#( ,a. The owner shall notif" the Commission when the construction is started#

H ,b. During construction the Commission through its authori-ed representati!e

ma" !isit the proect during regular wor'ing hours to establish or determine general

compliance with the appro!ed plans and specications# ,c. 0efore completion of the

construction the owner or de!elopeer shall furnish the Commission with a Manual

of Instructions co!ering the recommended operating procedures and maintenance

practices for the facilit"# fter re!iew the Commission shall return the Manual of

Instructions to the owner# ,d. /pon completion of the sewage wor's proect theowner or de!eloper shall notif" the Commission as to its completion and attest to

the fact that the completed wor' is substantiall" in accordance with the appro!ed

plans and specications# SC# 1H@ 3ules and 3egulations of the 4ational &ollution Control Commission on

permit reJuirements shall eJuall" appl" to sewage wor's or sewerage s"stems#

3esponsibilit" to operate sewage wor's shall rest with the de!eloper or owner

should be decided to operate the wor's after completion or to whome!er the


20/123

completed proect is later turned o!er b" the de!eloper under eKisting laws# ;or

purposes of the preceding paragraph the owner or de!eloper of an" proect

co!ered under Section 2 of these 3ules and 3egulations ma" turn o!er or donate

the sewage wor's to the local go!ernment ha!ing urisdiction thereof in accordance

with Section H> of D# 4o# @5 otherwise 'nown as the Sanitation Code of the

&hilippines# SC# 15# Kemption#( Indi!idual septic tan' s"stems for domesticsewage with capacit" less than 12 m Rda" shall be eKempted from the pro!isions of

these 3ules and 3egulations# C&T3 III &74S 4D S&CI;ICTI64S SC# 1#

&lans in =eneral#( ,a. ll plans for sewage wor's shall bear a suitable title showing

the name of municipalit" sewer district or institution# The" shall show the scale in

metric unit a graphical scale the north point date and the name of the engineer

with his certicate number and imprint of his registration seal# space should be

pro!ided for signature andRor appro!al stamp of the Commission# ,b. The plans shall

be clear and legible and drawn to scale which will permit all necessar" information

to be plainl" shown# The plan si-e shall be either 5% cm K >% cm or >% cm K 12% cm#

Datum used should be indicated# ,c. Detailed plans shall showF plan !iews

ele!ations sections and supplementar" !iews$ dimensions and relati!e ele!ations of

structures$ location and outline form of eJuipment$ location and si-e of piping$

water le!els$ ground ele!ations and other rele!ant information which together with

the specications and general la"(outs will pro!ide wor'ing information for the

construction of the wor's# @ SC# 1H# &lans of Sewers#( ,a. =ener

&lan ( comprehensi!e plan of the eKisting and proposed sewers shall be submitted

for proects in!ol!ing new sewer s"stems or substantial additions to eKisting

s"stems# This plan shall show the followingF 1# =eographical features i# Kisting or

proposed streets and all streams or water surfaces and other unusual topographical

features# ii# Contour lines at suitable inter!als# iii# Direction of Qow in all streams andhigh and low water ele!ations of all water surfaces at sewer outlets and o!erQows#

i!# 0oundar" lines of sewered area# 2# Sewers The plan show the location si-e and

direction of Qow of all eKisting and proposed sanitar" and combined sewers draining

to the treatment wor's# ,b. Detailed &lans and &roles#( Detailed plans and proles

of sewers shall show the followingF i# 7ocation of streets and sewers# ii# 7ine of

ground surface si-e material and t"pe of pipe distance between adacent

manholes grade and surface ele!ations at each manhole and grade of sewer

between each two adacent manholes# ll manholes shall be numbered on the plans

and prole# iii# 7ocations of all special features such as in!erted siphons concrete

encasements ele!ated sewers etc# i!# Special detailed drawings to show stream

crossings in!erted siphons and sewer outlets etc# The abo!e plans and proles

shall as far as practicable be prepared using the following scalesF ori-ontal

)ertical 1F1%% 1F1% 1F5%% 1F5% 1F1%%% 1F1%% ,c. Sewer 7a"outs ( +here the

magnitude or compleKit" of the proect does not necessitate the submission of

detailed plans and proles sewer la"out plans will be acceptable pro!ided that

such la"outs are drawn to scale not smaller than 1F1%%% and that the" show

location of streets and sewers si-e and material of pipe distance between


21/123

manholes grade of sewer between each two adacent manholes location of special

features surface contours and minimum co!er o!er sewers$ pro!ide further that

detailed drawings under paragraph b,i!. shall be submitted for all stream crossings

in!erted siphons > ele!ated sewers special oints and cross(sections inspection

chambers regulators tide gates sewer outlets etc# SC# 1@# &lans of Sewage

&umping Stations#( ,a. 7ocation of &lan ( plan shall be submitted for proectsin!ol!ing construction or re!ision of pumping stations showing the location and

eKtent of the tributar" area the location of the pumping station and force main and

pertinent ele!ations# ,b. Detailed &lans ( Detailed plans shall be submitted showing

where practicable a contour map of the propert" to be used eKisting pump station

proposed pumping station ,including pro!isions for installation of future pumps or

eectors. ele!ation of high water at the site maKimum ele!ation of sewage in the

collection s"stem upon occurrence of power failure test boring and ground water

ele!ations# SC 1># &lans of Sewage Treatment &lants#( ,a. 7ocation &lan ( plan

shall be submitted showing the sewage treatment plant in relation to the remainder

of the s"stem# topographic map shall be included to indicate its location with

relation to streams and the point of discharge of treated euent# ,b. =eneral 7a"out

( 7a"outs of the proposed sewage treatment plants shall be submitted showing

topograph" of the site si-e and location of plant structures schematic Qow diagram

showing the Qow through !arious plant units piping s"stem h"draulic proles and

groundwater ele!ations# ,c. Detailed &lans ( Detailed plans shall be submitted to

show the followingF 1# 7ocation dimensions and ele!ations of eKisting and

proposed plant facilities# 2# le!ation of high and low water le!els of the bod" of

water to which the plant euent is to be discharged# # T"pe si-e pertinent

features and manufacturer8s rated capacit" of all pumps blowers motors and other

mechanical de!ices#


22/123

of an a!erage dail" per capita Qow of sewage of not less than 2%% liters per da"#

This gure is assumed to co!er normal inltration in the s"stem but an additional

allowance should be made where conditions are unfa!orable# ,b. The maKimum

hourl" Juantit" of domestic sewage commercial and industrial wastes and

groundwater inltration shall be considered in determining the capacities of sanitar"

sewers# ,c. 7aterals and minor sewers shall be designed when Qowing full b"assuming Qows eJui!alent to four times the a!erage dail" Qows unless lesser

design Qows are ustied b" studies co!ered in the engineering report# SC# 2#

Minimum Si-e#( 4o gra!it" sewer con!e"ing raw sewage shall be less than 2%% mm#

in diameter# The use of 15% mm# diameter pipe will be gi!en consideration where

the design computations ustif" its use# SC# 2


23/123

entrance of roots into the pipe throughout the life of the s"stem# SC# 2# 7ea'age

Test# ( 7ea'age test shall be specied# This ma" include appropriate water or low

pressure air testing# The lea'age outward or inward ,eKltration or inltration. shall

not eKceed 2% liters per millimeter of pipe diameter per 'ilometer per da" for an"

section of the s"stem# n eKltration or inltration test shall be performed with a

positi!e head of eJual to the depth of the upstream manhole but not less than %#%meter# SC# # Manholes#( ,a. Manholes shall be installed at the end of each line$ at

all changes in grade si-e or alignment$ at all intersections$ and at distances not

greater than 12% meters for sewers @% mm in diameter or less and 15% meters for

sewers


24/123

should be arranged so that the sewer oints must be eJuidistant and as far as

possible from the water main(oints# ,d. +hene!er it is impossible to obtain proper

hori-ontal and !ertical separation as stipulated abo!e both the water main and the

sewer pipe shall be constructed of cast(iron pipe with mechanical or eJui!alent t"pe

oint and shall be pressure(tested to assure water tightness prior to bac'lling# ;or

greater safet" the water main ma" be encased in concrete of at least 15 cm# thic'and the ele!ation of the top of the sewer ,crown. shall be at least


25/123

Qow a !elocit" in eKcess of %#% mRs shall be maintained# ,b. n automatic air relief

!al!e shall be placed at high points in the force main to pre!ent air loc'ing# ,c.

;orce mains should enter the gra!it" sewer s"stem at a point not more than %#% m

abo!e the Qow line of the recei!ing manhole#


26/123

determine the following t"pes of Qow conditions of the s"stemF i# the annual

a!erage dail" Qow ( as determined b" a!eraging Qows o!er one "ear eKclusi!e of

inQow due to rainfall$ ii# the minimum dail" Qow ( as determined b" obser!ing 2


27/123

purposes of standardi-ationF Sludge line ( brown =as line ( orange &otable water line

( blue Chlorine line ( "ellow Sewage line ( gra" Compressed air line ( green +ater

lines for heating digesters or buildings ( blue ,with a 15 cm red band spaced H5 cm

apart. SC#


28/123

programs when necessar" shall normall" be included in the same laborator"# The

laborator" si-e and arrangement must be suLcientl" QeKible and adaptable to

accomplish these assignments# The la"out should consider future needs for

eKpansion in the e!ent that more anal"tical wor' is needed# C&T3 )I

&37IMI43? T3TM4T ;76+ /7IXTI64 4D STT7I4= SC# 52# Screening

De!ices# ( 0ar rac's or bar screens shall be pro!ided through which all rawwastewater shall pass in order to protect pumps and other eJuipment and to gi!e

better assurance of continuous operation of the plant# a# 0ar spacing and shape (

Manuall" cleaned bar screens shall be constructed with a slope of % to


29/123

the comminutor shall be arranged in such a manner as to pro!ide automatic

di!ersion of sewage Qow eKceeding the design capacit" of the comminutor into an

auKiliar" screening unit# &ro!ision shall be made for ser!icing the units in place and

remo!ing units from their location for ser!icing# SC# 55# =rit 3emo!al ;acilities (

=rit remo!al facilities are recommended for plants treating sewage from sanitar"

sewers where the accumulation or grit is anticipated# The ngineering 3eport shouldinclude full ustication of grit chambers are not included in the design # =rit

remo!al facilities shall be located ahead of pumps and comminuting de!ices#

Coarse bar rac's should be placed ahead of grit chambers# a# =rit remo!al units

featuring mechanical means of remo!al shall ha!e dual channels so arranged that

one grit remo!al unit is in ser!ice while the other is being cleaned# 6ne chamber

ma" be arranged to furnish a manuall" cleaned bar screen# ;or a small treatment

plant single band cleaned channels with b"pass are acceptable# The !elocit" of

wastewater Qow through the unit shall be reduced to %#% meter per second at

maKimum Qow# b# Manuall" cleaned grit channels shall be pro!ided with facilities for

draining them to permit proper cleaning# SC# 5# Measuring De!ices# Measuring

de!ices shall be pro!ided for measuring the wastewater Qow recei!ed andRor the

rates and total dail" amounts of euent discharged at all plants# De!ices for

measuring an a!erage Qow of 25% liters per second or greater for all mechanical

plants shall include instrumentation for continuousl" recording indicating and

totali-ing Qows# SC# 5H# Settling(=eneral and Design Considerations#( a# Multiple

settling units capable of independent operation are desirable and shall be pro!ided

in all plants where design Qows eKceed


30/123

Surface settling rates for settling tan's following tric'ling lters or rotating

biological contactors shall not eKceed 5% m Rm2 #d based on pea' hourl" Qow# To

perform properl" while producing a concentrated return Qow acti!ated sludge

settling tan's must be designed to meet thic'ening as well as solids separation

reJuirements# Since the rate of recirculation of return sludge from the nal settling

tan's to the aeration or re(aeration tan's is Juite high in acti!ated sludgeprocesses the weir o!erQow rate should be adusted for the !arious processes to

minimi-e the problem with sludge loadings densit" currents inlet h"draulic

turbulence and occasional poor sludge settleabilit"# The h"draulic design of

intermediate ad nal settling tan's following the acti!ated sludge process shall be

based upon the anticipated pea' hourl" rate for the area downstream of the inlet

bae# The h"draulic loadings shall not eKceed 5% m Rm2 #d for con!entional step

aeration contact stabili-ation carbonaceous stage of separate(stage nitrication$


31/123

be pro!ided ahead of the outlet weirs for primar" settling tan's and should be

pro!ided for settling tan's following tric'ling lters# The unusual characteristics of

scum which ma" ad!ersel" aNect pumping piping sludge handling and disposal

should be recogni-e in design# &ro!isions ma" be made for the discharge of scum

with the sludge$ howe!er other special pro!isions for disposal ma" be necessar"# b#

Sludge 3emo!al ( Sludge collection and withdrawal facilities shall be designed toassure rapid remo!al of the sludge# Suction withdrawal should be pro!ided for

acti!ated sludge plants designed for reduction of nitrogenous oK"gen demand and

is encouraged for those plants designed for carbonaceous oK"gen demand

reduction# c# Sludge opper ( The minimum slope of the side walls shall be 1#H

!ertical to 1 hori-ontal# opper wall surfaces shall be made smooth with rounded

corners to aid in sludge remo!al# opper bottoms shall ha!e a maKimum dimension

of %# m# Ktra depth sludge hoppers for sludge thic'ening are not acceptable# d#

Cross Collectors ( Cross collectors ser!ing one or more settling tan's ma" be useful

in place of multiple sludge hoppers# e# Sludge 3emo!al &iping ( ach hopper shall

ha!e an indi!iduall" !al!ed sludge withdrawal line at least 15% mm in diameter for

pump suction and discharge or 2%% mm for gra!it" withdrawal# The static head

a!ailable for pumping withdrawal of sludge shall be %#H m or greater and 1#@% m

for gra!it" as necessar" to maintain a %#> mRs !elocit" in the withdrawal pipe# The

slope of gra!it"(discharge piping shall not be less than percent# Clearance

between the end of the withdrawal line and the hopper walls shall be suLcient to

pre!ent bridging of sludge# deJuate pro!isions shall be made for rodding or

bac'(Qushing indi!idual pipe(runs# ,&iping shall also be pro!ided to return waste

sludge to primar" clariers#. f# Sludge 3emo!al Control ( Sludge walls eJuipped with

telescopic !al!es or other appropriate eJuipment shall be pro!ided for !iewing

sampling and controlling the rate of sludge withdrawal# The use of easil" maintained

sight glass and sampling !al!es ma" be appropriate# means for measuring sludgeremo!al rate shall be pro!ided# ir lift t"pe of sludge remo!al will not be appro!ed

for remo!al of primar" sludge sludge pump motor control s"stems shall include

time cloc's and !al!e acti!ators for regulating the duration and seJuencing of

sludge remo!al# 52 C&T3 )II S7/D= 4D7I4= 4D DIS&6S7 Sec# %# &rocess

Selection Consideration#( The selection of sludge handling and disposal methods

shall include the following considerationsF ,a. energ" reJuirements$ ,b. eLcac" of

sludge thic'ening$ ,c. compleKit" of eJuipment$ ,d. staLng reJuirements$ ,e. toKic

eNects of hea!" metals and other substances on sludge stabili-ation and disposal$

,f. treatment of side(stream Qow such as digester and thic'ener supernatant$ ,g. a

bac'(up method of sludge handling and disposal$ ,h. and methods of ultimatesludge disposal# SC# 1# Sludge Thic'eners# ( s the rst step of sludge handling

the need for sludge thic'eners to reduce the !olume of sludge should be

considered# The design of thic'eners ,gra!it" dissol!ed(air Qoatation centrifuge

and others. shall consider the t"pe and concentration of sludge the sludge

stabili-ation process the method of ultimate sludge disposal chemical needs and

the cost of operation# &articular attention shall be gi!en to the pumping and piping

of the concentrated sludge and possible onset of anaerobic conditions# The sludge


32/123

should be thic'ened to at least 5 percent solids prior to transmission to digesters#

SC# 2# naerobic Sludge Digestion#( a# Multiple /nits ( Multiple tan's are

recommended# +here a single digestion tan' is used an alternate method of sludge

processing or emergenc" storage such as lagoon to maintain continuit" of ser!ice

shall be pro!ided# b# Depth ( ;or those units proposed to ser!e as supernatant

separation tan's the depth shall be suLcient to allow for the formation of areasonable depth of supernatant liJuor# minimum sidewater depth of %#% m is

recommended# c# Slope ( The tan' bottom should slope to drain toward the

withdrawal pipe# ;or a tan' eJuipped with a suction mechanism for withdrawal of

sludge a bottom slope not less than 1F12 is recommended# +here the sludge is to

be remo!ed b" gra!it" alone 1F< slope is recommended# d# ccess Manholes ( t

least two 5% mm diameter access manholes should be pro!ided in the top of the

tan' in addition to the gas dome# There shall be stairwa"s to reach the access

manholes# separate sidewall manhole shall be pro!ided# The opening shall be

large enough to permit the use of mechanical eJuipment to remo!e grit and sand#

e# Sludge Inlets and 6utlets ( To enhance QeKible operation and eNecti!e miKing

multiple recirculation withdrawal and return points or miKing facilities shall be

considered# To assist in scum brea'up the returns shall be discharged abo!e the

liJuid le!el and be located near the center of the tan' unless mechanical scum

brea'ers are pro!ided# Sludge withdrawal to disposal shall be from the bottom of

the tan' and shall be interconnected with the recirculation piping to increase

!ersatilit" in miKing the tan' contents if such piping is pro!ided# f# Tan' Capacit" (

The total digestion tan' capacit" shall be determined b" rational calculations based

upon such factors as !olume percent solids and character of sludge added the

temperature to be maintained in the digesters the degree or eKtent of miKing to be

obtained and the degree of !olatile solids reduction reJuired# Calculations shall be

submitted to ustif" the basis of design# 5 +hen such calculations are not based onthe abo!e factors the minimum combined digestion tan' capacit" outlined below

will be reJuired# Such reJuirement assume that a raw sludge is deri!ed from

ordinar" domestic wastewater that a digestion temperature is to be maintained in

the range of 2Y to @YC that % &rimar" and standard lter >% to 11% &rimar" and high(

rate lter 11% to 1


33/123

adeJuatel" !entilated# ll necessar" safet" facilities shall be included where gas is

produced# &ressure and !acuum relief !al!es and Qame traps together with

automatic shutoN !al!es shall be pro!ided# +ater seal eJuipment shall not be

installed# =as safet" eJuipment and gas compressors should be housed in a

separate room with an eKterior entrance# =as piping should be of adeJuate

diameter and shall slope to condensate traps at low points# The use of Qoat(controlled condensate traps is not permitted# +aste gas burners shall be readil"

accessible and should be located at least H#5 m# awa" form an" plant structure if

placed at ground le!el or ma" be located on the roof of the control building if

suLcientl" remo!ed from the tan'# ll waste gas burners shall be eJuipped with

automatic ignition such as pilot light or a de!ice using a photoelectric cell sensor#

Consideration should be gi!en to the use of natural or propane gas to insure

reliabilit" of the pilot light# In remote locations it ma" be permissible to discharge

the gas to the atmosphere through a return(bend screened !ent terminating at least

2 meters abo!e the ground surface pro!ided that the assembl" incorporates a

Qame trap# i# Supernatant +ithdrawal ( Supernatant piping shall not be less than 15

cm in diameter# &iping shall be so arranged that withdrawal can be made from three

or more le!els in the digester# positi!e un!al!ed !ented o!erQow shall be

pro!ided# 5< &ro!isions should be made for sampling at each supernatant drawoN

le!el# Sampling pipe shall be at least @ mm in diameter and should terminate at a

suitabl"(si-ed sampling sin' or basin# SC# # erobic Sludge Digestion#( a#

Digestion Tan's ( Multiple tan's are recommended# single sludge digestion tan'

ma" be used in the case of small treatment plants or where adeJuate pro!ision is

made for sludge handling and where a single unit will not ad!ersel" aNect normal

plant operations# b# MiKing and ir 3eJuirements ( erobic sludge tan's shall be

designed for eNecti!e miKing b" satisfactor" aeration eJuipment# SuLcient air shall

be pro!ided to 'eep the solids in suspension and maintain dissol!ed oK"genbetween 1 and 2 mgRl# minimum miKing and oK"gen reJuirement of %#5% lRm Rs

shall be pro!ided with the largest blower out of ser!ice# If diNusers are used the

non(clog t"pe is recommended and the" should be designed to permit continuit" of

ser!ice# If mechanical aerators are utili-ed a minimum of 5 &R1%%% m ,2#

+Rm . should be pro!ided# c# Tan' Capacit" ( It is recommended that the !olatile

suspended solids loading do not eKceed 1#% 'gRm of !olume per da" in the

digestion units# 3eJuired minimum solids retention time for stabili-ation of

biological sludges !ar" depending on t"pe of sludge# minimum of 12 da"s

retention shall be pro!ided for waste acti!ated sludge and 1 da"s for combination

of primar" and waste acti!ated sludge and 1 da"s for combination of primar" andwaste acti!ated sludge or primar" sludge alone# d# Supernatant Separation (

facilities shall be pro!ided for eNecti!e separation and withdrawal of supernatant

and for eNecti!e collection and remo!al of scum and grease# SC#


34/123

sludge# +here centrifugal pumps are used a parallel plunger(t"pe pump should be

pro!ided as an alternate to increase reliabilit" of the centrifugal pump# b# &umping

ead ( minimum positi!e head of %#% m shall be pro!ided at the suction side of

centrifugal(t"pe pumps and is desirable for all t"pe of sludge pumps# MaKimum

suction lifts shall not eKceed #% m for plunger pumps# c# Sampling ;acilities ( /nless

sludge sampling facilities are otherwise pro!ided Juic'(closing sampling !al!esshall be installed at the sludge pumps# The si-e !al!e and piping shall be at least @

mm# SC 5# Sludge &iping#( ,a. Si-e and ead ( Sludge withdrawal piping should

ha!e a minimum diameter of 15% mm for gra!it" withdrawal and 1%% mm for pump

suction and discharge lines# +here withdrawal is b" gra!it" the a!ailable head on

the discharge t"pe should be adeJuate to pro!ide at least %#> m per second

!elocit"# 55 ,b. Slope ( =ra!it" piping shall be laid on uniform grade and alignment#

The slope of gra!it" discharge piping shall not be less than percent# &ro!isions

should be made for cleaning draining and Qushing discharge lines# SC# # Sludge

Dr"ing 0eds#( a# rea ( In determining the area of sludge dr"ing beds consideration

shall be gi!en to weather conditions the character and !olume of the sludge to be

dewatered the method and schedule of sludge remo!al and other methods of

sludge disposal# In general the si-ing of the dr"ing bed ma" be estimated on the

basis of %#2 m2 per person when the dr"ing bed is the primar" method of

dewatering and %#1 m2 if it is to be used as a bac'(up dewatering unit# n increase

of bed area b" 25 percent is recommended for pa!ed beds# b# &ercolation T"pe ( The

lower course of gra!el around the underdrains should be properl" graded and

should be %# m in depth eKtending at least %#15 abo!e the top of underdrains# It is

desirable to place this in two or more la"ers# The top la"er of at least %#%@ m shall

consist of gra!el #1@ to #5 mm ,1R@ to 1R


35/123

pro!ided# The storage capacit" should be suLcient to handle at least a three(month

sludge production# b# uKiliar" ;acilities for )acuum ;ilters ( There shall be a bac'(

up !acuum pump and ltrate pump installed for each !acuum lter# It is permissible

to ha!e an uninstalled bac'(up !acuum pump or ltrate pump for e!er" three or

less !acuum lters pro!ided that the installed unit can easil" be remo!ed and

replaced# c# )entilation ( deJuate facilities shall be pro!ided for !entilation of thedewatering area# The eKhaust air shall be properl" conditioned to a!oid odor

nuisance# 5 d# Chemical andling nclosures ( 7ime(miKing facilities shall be

completel" enclosed to pre!ent the escape of lime dust# Chemical handling

eJuipment should preferabl" be automated to eliminate the manual lifting

reJuirement# SC# @# Drainage and ;iltrate Disposal#( Drainage from beds or ltrate

from dewatering units shall be returned to the sewage treatment process at

appropriate points# SC# ># 6ther Dewatering ;acilities#( If it is proposed to dewater

or dispose of sludge b" other methods a detailed description of the process and

design data shall accompan" the plans including suitable e!idence of the

satisfactor" performance of the process# SC# H%# =eneral 7imitations for Municipal

Sludge Disposal on 7and#( a# Stabili-ed Sludge ( 6nl" stabili-ed sludge shall be

surface(applied to land used for agricultural purposes or pasture# Stabili-ed sludge

is dened as processed sludge in which the organic and bacterial contents of raw

sludge are reduced to le!els deemed necessar" b" the regulator" agenc" to pre!ent

nuisance odors and public health ha-ards# n" process which produces sludge

eJui!alent in Jualit" to the abo!e in terms of public health factors and odor

potential ma" be accepted# dditional treatment would be reJuired to further

reduce pathogens when the sludge is to be spread on dair" pastures and other

crops which are in the human food chain# b# 3aw )egetables ( Sludge should not be

applied to land which is used for growing food crops to be eaten raw such as leafed

!egetables and root crops# c# Minimum p( Sludge shall not be applied on land if thesoil p is less than #5 when sludge is applied# The p shall be maintained abo!e

#5 for at least two "ears following the end of sludge application# d# &ersistent

6rganic Chemicals ( t the present time suLcient information is not a!ailable to

establish the criteria of sludge spreading in regard to persistent organic chemicals

such as pesticides and pol"chlorinated biphen"ls ,&C0.# owe!er if there is a

'nown source in the sewer s"stem ser!ice area which discharges or discharged in

the past such chemicals and the Commission shall be consulted for

recommendations concerning sludge spreading# e# Site Selection ( 0" proper

selection of the sludge application site the nuisance potential and public health

ha-ard can be minimi-ed# The following items shall be considered and theCommission shall be consulted for specic limitsF 1# 7and ownership information$ 2#

=roundwater table and bedroc' location$ # 7ocation of dwellings road and public

access$


36/123

odor and other public nuisance# b# )al!e Control( The spreading tan' truc' should

preferabl" be pro!ided with a control that will permit the discharge !al!e to be

opened and closed b" the dri!er while the !ehicle is in motion# The spreading !al!e

should be of the fail(safe t"pe ,i#e# self(closing. or an additional manual stand(b"

!al!e should be emplo"ed to pre!ent uncontrolled spreading or spillage# c# Sludge

Storage( SuLcient sludge storage capacit" shall be pro!ided for periods ofinclement weather and eJuipment failure# The storage facilities shall be so

designed located and operated as to a!oid nuisance conditions# d# Spreading

Methods( The selection of spreading methods depends on the sludge

characteristics en!ironmental factors and others# +hen control of odor nuisance

and run(oN is reJuired immediate incorporation of sludge after spreading or

subsurface inection should be considered# The sewage sludge should be spread

uniforml" o!er the surface when tan' truc' spreading ridge and furrow(irrigation or

other methods are used# The spra" s"stem eKcept for downward directed t"pe

shall not ordinaril" be used# e# 0oundar" Demarcation(The boundaries of the site

shall be mar'ed ,e#g# with sta'es at corners. so as to a!oid confusion regarding the

location of the site during sludge application# The mar'ers should be maintained

until the end of the current growing season# f# &ublic access to the disposal site shall

be controlled b" either positi!e barriers or remoteness of the site# SC# H2#

Monitoring and 3eporting# ( The reJuirements of the Commission on the monitoring

and reporting of the sludge spreading operation shall be followed# s a minimum

the producer of sludge shall regularl" collect and record information on the sludge

and soil characteristics and the !olume of sludge spread on a particular site# SC#

H# 6ther Sludge Disposal Methods#( +hen other sludge disposal methods such as

incineration and landll are considered pertinent reJuirements from the

Commission shall be followed# C&T3 )III SC64D3? T3TM4T SC# H


37/123

ead 3eJuirements( ;or reaction t"pe distributors a minimum head of %# meter

between low water le!el in the siphon chamber and center of the arms is generall"

desirable# Similar allowance in design shall be pro!ided for added pumping head

reJuirements where pumping to the reaction t"pe distributor is used# , &assing 11< mm

screen(1%% percent b" weight 3etained on H mm screen(>5(1%% percent b" weight

&assing 51 mm screen( %(2 percent b" weight &assing 25 mm screen( %(1 percent b"

weight ,ii. andpic'ed eld stonesF MaKimum dimension of stone( 12H mm

Minimum dimension of stone( H mm ,. andling and &lacing of Media ( Material

deli!ered to the lter site shall be stored on woodplan'ed or other appro!ed clean

hard(surfaced areas# ll material shall be rehandled at the lter site and no material

shall be dumped directl" into the lter# Crushed roc' slag and similar media shall

be washed and rescreened or for'ed at the lter site to remo!e all nes# Such

material shall be placed b" hand to a depth of %# m abo!e the underdrains# Theremainder of the material ma" be placed b" means of belt con!e"ors or eJuall"

eNecti!e methods appro!ed b" the Commission# ll material shall be carefull"

placed so as not to damage the underdrains# Manufactured media shall be handled

and placed as appro!ed b" the Commission# Truc's tractors and other hea!"

eJuipment shall not be dri!en o!er the lter at an"time during or after construction#

SC# H5# /nderdrainage S"stem# a# rrangement( /nderdrains with semicircular

in!erts or eJui!alent should be pro!ided and the underdrainage s"stem shall co!er


38/123

the entire Qoor of the lter# Inlet openings into the underdrains shall ha!e an

unsubmerged gross combined area eJual to at least 15 percent of the surface area

of the lter# The underdrains shall ha!e a minimum slope of one percent# uent

channels shall be designed to produce a minimum !elocit" of %# mRs at a!erage

dail" rates of application to the lter# b# "draulic Capacit" and !entilation( The

underdrainage s"stem euent channels and euent pipe shall be designed topermit free passage of air# The si-e of drains channels and pipe should be such that

not more than 5% percent of their cross(sectional area will be submerged under the

design pea' h"draulic loading including proposed or possible future recirculated

Qows# Consideration shall be gi!en to the use of forced !entilation particularl" for

co!ered lters and deep manufactured media lters# c# ;lushing ( &ro!isions shall be

made for Qushing the underdrains# In small lters the use of a peripheral head

channel with !ertical !ents is acceptable for Qushing purposes# Inspection facilities

shall be pro!ided# SC# H# Special ;eatures#( a# ;looding( ppropriate !al!es sluice

gates or other structures shall be pro!ided to enable Qooding of lters comprised of

roc' or slag media for lter Q" control# b# ;reeboard( freeboard of 1#2 m or more

should be pro!ided for tall manufactured media lters to maKimi-e the containment

of windblown spra"# % c# Maintenance( ll distribution de!ices underdrains

channels and pipes shall be installed so that the" can be properl" maintained

Qushed or drained# d# 3ecirculation( The piping s"stem shall be designed for

recirculation as reJuired to achie!e the design eLcienc"# The recirculation rate shall

be !ariable and subect to plant operator control# e# 3ecirculation Measurement(

De!ices shall be pro!ided to permit measurement of the recirculation rate# Time

lapse meters and pump head recording de!ices are acceptable for facilities treating

less than @%% m Rd# SC# HH# ;inal Settling Tan's for Tric'ling ;ilters#( ;or design

reJuirement appl"ing to tan's used for nal settling of tric'ling lter euents refer

to Section 5H ,Chapter )I. abo!e# SC# H@# Multi(Stage ;ilters#( The foregoingstandards also appl" to all multi(stage lters# SC# H># /nit Si-ing#( 3eJuired

!olumes of roc' or slag media lters shall be based upon pilot testing with the

particular wastewater or upon an" of the !arious empirical design eJuations that

ha!e been !eried through actual full(scale eKperience# Such calculations must be

submitted if pilot testing is not utili-ed# &ilot testing is recommended to !erif"

performance predictions based upon the !arious design eJuations particularl"

when signicant amounts of industrial wastes are present# Kpected performance of

lte

pac'ed with manufactured media shall be determined from documented full(scale

eKperience on similar installations or through actual use of a pilot plant on site# SC#

@%# Design Safet" ;actors#( Tric'ling lters are aNected b" diurnal load conditions#

The !olume of media determined from either pilot plant studies or use of acceptable

design eJuations shall be based upon the design pea' hourl" organic loading rate

rather than the a!erage rate# n alternati!e would be to pro!ide Qow eJuali-ation#

SC# @1# Standard 3ate Tric'ling ;ilters#( The maKimum 06D5 loading shall be less

than %#2 'g 06D per da" per cubic meter of lter media# SC# @2# igh 3ate Tric'ling


39/123

;ilters#( a# 3ecirculation( controlled recirculation s"stem should be pro!ided to

maintain continuous dosing at a rate of at least @%%% liters per sJuare meter per

da" of surface area ,@ m Rm2 #d.# b# Single Stage ;ilters( The 06D loading should

not eKceed H#5 'g# of 06D per cubic meter of lter media with a 1 to 1 recirculation

ratio eKcept where low 06D remo!als are acceptable# c# Two(Stage ;ilters( +here

the 06D is much higher than normall" found in domestic sewage and a high degreeof treatment is reJuired two stage lters ma" be used# SC# @# cti!ated Sludge#(

a# pplicabilit"( The acti!ated sludge process and its !arious modications ma" be

used where sewage is amenable to biologic treatment# This process reJuires close

attention and competent operating super!ision including routine laborator" control#

These reJuirements shall be considered when proposing this t"pe of treatment# The

acti!ated sludge process and its se!eral modications ma" be emplo"ed to

accomplish !aried degrees of remo!al of suspended solids and reduction of

carbonaceous 1 andRor nitrogenous oK"gen demand# Choices of the process most

applicable will be inQuenced b" the degree and consistenc" of treatment reJuired

t"pe of waste to be treated proposed plant si-e anticipated degree of operation

and maintenance and operating and capital costs# ll designs shall pro!ide for

QeKibilit" in operation# &lants o!er @%% m Rd capacit" shall be designed to

facilitate eas" con!ersion to !arious operation modes# b# &retreatment( +here

primar" settling tan's are not used eNecti!e remo!al or eKclusion of grit debris

eKcessi!e oil or grease and comminution or screening of solids shall be

accomplished prior to the acti!ated sludge process# +here primar" settling tan' is

used pro!ision shall be made for discharging raw sewage directl" to the aeration

tan's to facilitate plant start(up and operation during the initial stages of the plant8s

design life# c# ;inal Settling Tan's( Multiple units capable of independent operation

are desirable and shall be pro!ided in all plants where the total tan' !olume

reJuirement for nal settling eKceeds H% m # SC# @


40/123

appro!e organic loading rates that eKceed those specied in the table# &3MISSI07

3TI64 T4 C&CITIS 4D 76DI4=S &rocess eration Tan' 6rganic 7oading

('g 06D5Rda" per m ;RM 3atio 'g 06D5Rda" per 'g M7SS M7SS* mgRl Con!entional

Step eration %#5 %#2(%#5 1%%%(%%% Complete MiK Contact Stabili-ation %#@% %#2(

%# 1%%%(%%% Ktended eration 6Kidation Ditch %#25 %#%5(%#1 %%%(5%%% 111

* M7SS !alues are dependent upon surface area pro!ided for sedimentation and therate of sludge return as well as the aeration process# 2 SC# @5# rrangement of

eration Tan's#( a# =eneral Tan' Conguration$ Dimensions( The dimensions of each

independent miKed liJuor aeration tan' or return sludge reaeration tan' shall be

such as to maintain eNecti!e miKing and utili-ation of air# 6rdinaril" liJuid depths

should not be less than m or more than > m eKcept in special design cases# ;or

!er" small tan's with special conguration the shape of the tan' and the

installation of aeration eJuipment should pro!ide for positi!e control of short(

circuiting through the tan' b# 4umber of /nits( Total aeration tan' !olume shall be

di!ided among two or more units capable of independent operation when reJuired

b" the appropriate re!iewing agenc" to meet applicable euent limitations and

reliabilit" guidelines# c# Inlets and 6utlets#( i# Controls( Inlets and outlets for each

aeration tan' unit shall be suitabl" eJuipped with !al!es gates stop plates wires

or other de!ices to permit controlling the Qow to an" unit and to maintain

reasonabl" constant liJuid le!el# The h"draulic properties of the s"stem shall permit

the maKimum instantaneous h"draulic load to be carried with an" single aeration

tan' unit out of ser!ice# ii# Conduits( Channels and pipes carr"ing liJuids with solids

in suspension shall be designed to maintain self(cleansing !elocities or shall be

agitated to 'eep such solids in suspension at all rates of Qow within the design

limits# deJuate pro!isions should be made to drain segments of channels which

are not being used due to alternate Qow patterns# d# ;reeboard( ll aeration tan's

should ha!e a freeboard of not less than %#5 meter# dditional freeboard orwindbrea' ma" be necessar" to protect against wind blow spra"# SC# @# eration

Juipment#( =eneral 3eJuirements( Considering that oK"gen reJuirements

generall" depend on maKimum diurnal organic loadingdegree of treatment and

le!el of suspended solids concentration to be maintained in the aeration tan' miKed

liJuor aeration eJuipment shall be capable of maintaining a minimum of 2#% mgR1

of dissol!ed oK"gen in the miKed liJuor at all times and pro!iding thorough miKing

of the miKed liJuor# In the absence of eKperimentall" determined !alues the design

oK"gen reJuirements for all acti!ated sludge processes shall be 1#1 'g# oK"genR'g#

pea' 06D5 with the eKception of the eKtended aeration process for which the

!alue shall not be lass than 1#5# SC# @H# DiNused ir S"stem#( The design of thediNused air s"stem to pro!ide the oK"gen reJuirements shall be done b" either of

the two methods described below in ,a. and ,b. augmented as reJuired b"

consideration of items ,c. through ,h.# a# a!ing determined the oK"gen

reJuirements under Section @5 a

Documents

Table 1 Minimum Separation Distances