T450 HURRICANE SHUTTER DESIGN

7/29/2019 T450 HURRICANE SHUTTER DESIGN

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One of the best ways to protect a home from damage in windstorms is to install shutters over all large windows and glass

doors. Shutters protect windows from windborne objects. They also prevent structural damage caused by sudden pressure

changes when a window is broken.

Hurricane Shutter DesignsRefer to Form No. T460 for design considerations for Florida

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150

Figure 1

HigH Wind Zones of tHe Contiguous united states Vasd mpH

Notes:

1. Vals a nomnal dsn 3-scond st wnd spds, Vasd

, n mls p ho at 33 ft abov ond fo expos C catoy.

2. Lna ntpolaton btwn contos s pmttd.

3. islands and coastal aas otsd th last conto shall s th last wnd spd conto of th coastal aa.

4. Montanos tan, os, ocan pomontos, and spcal wnd ons shall b xamnd fo nsal wnd condtons .

Soc: F r301.2(4)A, 2012 intnatonal rsdntal Cod


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2Hurricane Shutter Designs

Form No. T450G 2013 APA The Engineered Wood Association www.apawood.org

The following designs are presented as two basic alternatives: The first is to present the code minimum opening protec-

tion when such shutters are required. The requirements of the 2012 International Residential Code (IRC) and the 2012

International Building Code (IBC) are presented. They permit the use of minimum 7/16 Performance Category Rated

Sheathing as opening protection against the impact of windborne debris. Check with local building departments for

verification or clarification of requirements.

The second approach provides some design details for stronger and stiffer shutters than provided for by the code-minimum requirements. It should be noted that these designs were developed prior to the adoption of specific standards

for shutter designs by any U.S. codes. The supports detailed for these shutters meet code requirements when mounted

according to the specifications in Table R301.2.1.2. The mounting brackets for the masonry block structures have been

tested for design wind loads but have not been impact or cyclic tested because they were developed as design guides

before these standards were developed.

1. Code-MiNiMuM ShuTTeR deSigN

IRC Seci R301.2.1.2 Preci f peigs. Exterior glzing in biling locte in winborne ebri

region hll be protecte from winborne ebri. Glze opening protecte from winborne ebri hll meet the

reqirement of the Lrge Miile Tet of asTM E1996 nd asTM E1886 referenced therein. The pplicble wind

zone for etblihing miile type in asTM E1996 re hown on Figre R301.2(4)C. Grge oor glze opening

protection for winborne ebri hll meet the reqirement of n pprove impct-reitnt tnr...

ExCEPtIon:Woo tructurl pnel with minimum thickne of 7/16 inch n mximum pn of 8 feet hll be

permitte for opening protection in one- n two-tory builing. Pnel hll be precut n ttche to the frming

rroning the opening contining the proct with the glze opening. Pnel hll be prerille reqire for

the nchorge metho n hll be ecure with the t tchment hrwre provie. attchment hll be eigne

to reit the component n cling lo etermine in ccornce with either Tble R301.2(2) or asCE 7, with

the permnent corroion-reitnt ttchment hrwre provie n nchor permnently intlle on the builing.

attchment in ccornce with Tble R301.2.1.2 i permitte for biling with men roof height of 33 feet or le

where locte in Win Zone 1 n 2 in ccornce with Figre R301.2(4)C.

TABLe r301.2.1.2

WindBoRne deBRis pRoteCtion fastening sCHeduLe foR Wood stRuCtuRaL paneLs()(b)(c)()

fr t

fr sc (ch)()(b)

Pael Spa 4 f t 4 ft < Pael Spa 6 f t 6 ft < Pael Spa 8 f t

No. 8 wood scw basd anchowth 2-nch mbdmnt lnth

16 10 8

No. 10 wood scw basd ancho

wth 2-nch mbdmnt lnth16 12 9

1/4-nch la scw basd ancho


Fo Si: 1 nch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 pond = 4.448 N, 1 ml p ho = 0.447 m/s.

(a) Ths tabl s basd on 130 mph (Vasd) wnd spds and a 33-foot man oof hht.

(b) Fastns shall b nstalld at opposn nds of th wood stctal panl. Fastns shall b locatd a mnmm of 1 nch fomth d of th panl.

(c) Anchos shall pntat thoh th xto wall covn wth an mbdmnt lnth of 2 nchs mnmm nto th bldnfam. Fastns shall b locatd a mnmm of 2-1/2 nchs fom th d of conct block o conct.

(d) Wh panls a attachd to masony o masony/stcco, thy shall b attachd sn vbaton-sstant anchos havn a mnmmltmat wthdawal capacty of 1500 ponds.


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Figure 2

Wind BoRne deBRis Regions of tHe united states

Notes:

1. Wnd Zon 3 appls n Wnd Zon 2 aas that a wthn a ml of th Coastal Man Hh Wat Ln.

2. Wnd Zon 1 appls n Hawa Spcal Wnd rons.3. S Scton 1609.1.2.2 of 2012 intnatonal Bldn Cod fo dfntons of wnd zons.

Soc: F r301.2(4)C, 2012 intnatonal rsdntal Cod

Section R202 defines Windborne Debris Regions as areas within hurricane-prone regions as designated in accordance

with Figure R301.2(4)C. This figure is reproduced in Figure 2 of this publication. This figure is based on the following

criteria: 1) within one mile of the coastal mean high water line where the basic wind speed is 110 mph or greater; or 2)

where the basic wind speed is equal to or greater than 120 mph; or 3) Hawaii. For Florida provisions, see Hurricane

Shutters: Design Considerations for Florida, Form T460.

Wind Zone 1 (1 mile from theCoastal Mean High Water Line)

Wind Zone 2

Wind Zone 3


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Alternatively, Section 1609.1.2 of the 2012 International Building Code:

In windborne debris regions, glzing in bilding hll be impct-reitnt or protected with n impct-reitnt

covering meeting the reqirement of n approved impct-reiting tndrd or asTM E1996 nd asTM E1886

reference therein follow:

1. Glzed opening locted within 30 feet of grde hll meet the reqirement of the Lrge Miile Tet of asTME1996.

2. Glzed opening locted more thn 30 feet bove grde hll meet the proviion of the smll Miile Tet of

asTM E1996.

ExCEPtIonS:

1. Woo tructurl pnel with minimum thickne of 7/16 inch n mximum pnel pn of 8 feet hll be permitte

for opening protection in one- n two-tory biling clifie Grop R-3 or R-4 occpncy. Pnel hll be

precut o tht they hll be ttche to the frming urrouning the opening contining the prouct with the glze

opening. Pnel hll be prerille require for the nchorge metho n hll be ecure with the ttchment

hrdwre provided. attchment hll be deigned to reit the component nd cldding lod determined in

ccordnce with the proviion of asCE 7, with corroion-reitnt ttchment hrdwre provided nd nchor

permnently intlled on the bilding. attchment in ccordnce with Tble 1609.1.2 with corroion-reitnt

ttchment hrwre provie n nchor permnently intlle on the biling i permitte for biling with

men roof height of 45 feet or le where Vasd

etermine in ccornce with section 1609.3.1 oe not excee

140 mph. (Figure 3 is provided for determining the VaSD

wind speed measured at 33 feet above ground for

Risk Category II Buildings (Group R-3 or R-4 occupancy). This f igure is based on the wind contours for Risk

Category II Buildings from 2012 IBC Figure 1609A.

2. Glzing in Rik Ctegory I biling efine in section 1604.5, incling greenhoe tht re occpie for

growing plnt on proction or reerch bi, withot pblic cce hll be permitte to be nprotecte.

TABLe 1609.2.1.2

WindBoRne deBRis pRoteCtion fastening sCHeduLe foR Wood stRuCtuRaL paneLs()(b)(c)()

fr t

fr sc (ch)()(b)

Pael Spa 4 f t 4 ft < Pael Spa 6 f t 6 ft < Pael Spa 8 f t





1/4-nch la scw basd anchowth 2-nch mbdmnt lnth

16 16 16

Fo Si: 1 nch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 pond = 4.448 N, 1 ml p ho = 0.447 m/s.

(a) Ths tabl s basd on 140 mph, VuLT

(110 mph, Vasd

) wnd spds and a 45-foot man oof hht.

(b) Fastns shall b nstalld at opposn nds of th wood stctal panl. Fastns shall b locatd a mnmm of 1 nch fomth d of th panl.

(c) Anchos shall pntat thoh th xt o wall covn wth an mbdmnt lnth of 2 nchs mnmm nto th bldnfam. Fastns shall b locatd a mnmm of 2-1/2 nchs fom th d of conct block o conct.

(d) Wh panls a attachd to masony o masony/stcco, thy shall b attachd sn vbaton-sstant anchos havn a mnmmltmat wthdawal capacty of 1,500 ponds.


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Figure 3

Vasd

ContouRs foR deteRmining suitaBiLity of Wood stRuCtuRaL paneL gLaZing pRoteCtion

deViCes foR Risk CategoRy ii stRuCtuRes

Notes:

1. Vals a nomnal dsn 3-scond st Vasd

wnd spds n mls p ho at 33 ft abov ond fo expos C catoy.

2. Lna ntpolaton btwn contos s pmttd.

3. islands and coastal aas otsd th last conto shall s th last wnd spd conto of th coastal aa.

4. Montanos tan, os, ocan pomontos, and spcal wnd ons shall b xamnd fo nsal wnd condtons.

5. Wnd spds cospond to appoxmatly a 7% pobablty of xcdanc n 50 yas (Annal excdanc Pobablt y = 0.00143,Mri = 700 yas).

Soc: Dvd fom 2012 iBC F 1609A and eqaton 16-33.

3. Glzing in Risk Category II, III or IVbilding locted over 60 feet bove the grond nd over 30 feet bove

ggregte rfce roof locte within 1,500 feet of the biling hll be permitte to be nprotecte.

Section 202 defines a Windborne Debris Region as:

are within hrricne-prone region locte:

1. Within 1 mile of the cotl men high wter line where the ltimte deign wind peed, VuLT, i 130 mph(100 mph V

asd) or greter; or

2. In re where the ltimte eign win pee, VuLT

, i 140 mph (110 mph Vasd

) or greter; or Hwii.

Be on Eqtion 16-33, Vasd

=

0.6 x VuLT

mp for Rik Ctegory II n Ctegory III n IV re fon in the 2012

IBC in Figre 1609a n B, repectively, n not provie herein.

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90

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125

132

140

150


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Section 202 defines Hurricane-Prone Regions as:

1. The u.s. atlntic Ocen n Glf of Mexico cot where the ltimte eign win pee, VuLT

, for Rik Ctegory

biling i greter thn 115 mph (90 mph Vasd

); n

2. Hwii, Perto Rico, Gm, Virgin Iln n americn somo.

2. CoNSideRaTioNS FoR STRoNgeR, STiFFeR deSigNS

The following design pages describe how to construct stronger, stiffer shutters for attachment to wood and masonry

walls. The masonry attachments were designed prior to the adoption of specific test standards for shutter designs by

U.S. codes. The shutters have been tested to resist the design wind loads and impacts, but the attachments to masonry

have not been impact or cyclic-load tested. The masonry attachment details are therefore supplied as guides in devel-

oping individual designs.

The easiest designs are those that simply cover the opening with a wood structural panel. In wood-frame construction,

panels can be nailed over the openings when a hurricane approaches. Buildings made with concrete blocks, however,

require advance preparation.

In some cases, stiffeners may be necessary to limit deflection of the shutter with respect to the glass. Stiffeners function

best if they are on the outside of the shutter and oriented with the narrow edge against the shutter.

Tables 1 and 2 and Figures 4 and5 on the following pages apply to most of the designs, and are referenced accordingly.


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TABLe 2

WeigHts and defLeCtions of sHutteRs WitH stiffeneRs() (see figuRe 3)

apa pl s R

m plSpecfcato

Approxmate WehtMaxmm Spa

(Stffeer Bed)Total Deflecto

(Stffeer Pls Pael)

Wth 2x4Stffeers

(psf)

Wth 2x6Stffeers

(psf)

Wth 2x4Stffeers(b)at 16" o.c.

(.)

Wth 2x6Stffeers(b)at 16" o.c.

(.)

66" Spawth 2x4Stffeers

(.)

96" Spawth 2x6Stffeers

(.)

32/16, 15/32 Pf. Cat.

5-ply plywood o OSB2.4 2.9 66 96 0.87 0.97

40/20, 19/32 Pf. Cat.4-ply plywood o OSB

2.8 3.3 66 96 0.75 0.86

48/24, 23/32 Pf. Cat.

Plywood o OSB3.2 3.7 66 96 0.66 0.79

48 o.c., 1-1/8 Pf. Cat.

Plywood o OSB4.3 4.8 66 96 0.49 0.67

(a) Panls wth 2x4 S-P-F (Soth) No. 2 stffns spacd 16 nchs o.c., expos C, 3-scond st, Wall Zon 5, man oof hht = 45 ft,Vasd 150 mph, 2012 iBC.

(b) Maxmm span ovnd by stffn bndn stnth, wt stsss, daton of load facto = 1.6.

TABLe 1

maximum span WitHout stiffeneRs stRengtH axis peRpendiCuLaR to fasteneR RoWs (see figuRe 2)

apa pls R

ApproxmateWh

(psf)

Maxmmshr s

(.)

Approxmate Deflecto at Vasd

150 h d W s 45-ft Heht, Exp. C, Wet Paels

(.)

32/16 1.5 22 0.22

40/20 2.1 30 0.38

48/24 2.4 34 0.35

48 oc 3.6 50 0.58


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Rows of fasteners

Panel shutter Shutter span

Panel strength axis(perpendicular tothe fastener rows)

Orientation is based on Figure A1

Figure 4

sHutteR instaLLation exampLe sHoWing oRientation of paneL stRengtH axis

APA structural panelNo. 2 2x4 or No. 2 2x6

Cut if desired

Panel strength axis

3/16" x 3" lag screws with fender washers

Min. 16d box nails (0.135" x 3-1/2") @ 6" o.c.

Figure 5

sHutteR stiffeneR attaCHment if RequiRed


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Hurricane Shutter Designs


9

huRRiCaNe ShuTTeR deSigNS iNdex

E

D

C

B

A


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10

deSigN a

Shutters for Wood-Frame BuildingsThis design from APA describes how to construct structural panel shutters for attachment to wood-frame buildings.

Steps to Constructing Shutters1. Review Tables 1 and 2 to determine if stiffeners are needed. Attach stiffeners, if needed, as shown in Figures 5 and

A1.

2. Cut APA wood structural panels with adequate edge overlap to receive nails. Orient long panel axis (strength axis) of

the panel as shown in Figures 5 and A1.

3. Use a long brad, finishing or casing nails to locate the framing behind the wood siding. The nails used to attach the

shims and the shutters must hit the framing to be fully effective.

4. Nail shims to the framing with 12d nails (0.135- x 3-1/4-inch). Use 16d nails (0.135- x 3-1/2-inch) for shims over

3/4 inch thick. For spans up to 5 feet, space the nails 6 (4) inches o.c. at each shim. For spans over 5 feet, space nails

4 (3) inches o.c. at each shim. Stagger nails as shown in Figure A2. Refer to Figures A2 and A3. Shim attachment

schedules are based on a mean roof height of 33 feet. Corresponding schedules for a mean roof height of 45 feet areshown in parenthesis, e.g., 12 (8).

5.Attach the shutters with double-headed nails as shown in Figures A2 and A3 for ease of later removal. Use 16d

(0.135- x 3-1/2-inch). For nail spacing at each end of the shutter panel, see Tables A1 and A2. Stagger nails spaced

3 inches on center. Nailing the panel on all four sides instead of just the two ends will further limit deflection and max-

imize strength.

TABLe A1

minimum naiL spaCing aLong eaCH end

of tHe sHutteR paneL (Spa Rats 32/16,

40/20, 48/24 plywood or OSB)

shrHeht (ft)

Mea Roof Heht (ft)

33 45

5 6" o.c. 4" o.c.

8 3" o.c. 3" o.c.

TABLe A2

minimum naiL spaCing aLong eaCH end

of tHe sHutteR paneL (Spa Rat 48 oc,

1-1/8" plywood or OSB)

shrHeht (ft)

Mea Roof Heht (ft)

33 45

5 4" o.c. 4" o.c.

8 3" o.c. 3" o.c.

6.Any permanently installed hardware, shims or fastening devices must be installed using standard/acceptable methods

of waterproofing. All abandoned holes must be sealed.

7.After fabrication, each shutter should be marked for orientation and location to speed installation.

8. If shims are left in place, use galvanized nails and finish like siding or exterior trim.

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11

16d (0.135" x 3-1/2") double-headednails in accordance with Tables A1 and A2

APA structural panel

No. 2 2x4s orNo. 2 2x6s (if needed)

Cut if desired

Panel strength axis

Span

Figure A1

sHutteR attaCHment VieW fRom outside

16d (0.135" x 3-1/2")double-headed nails perTable A1 or A2

Siding

Shim

Shutter

Finish wall

Flashing and caulk

Glass

Header

16d (0.135" x 3-1/2") nailsholding shims per Step 4

Interior casing

Maintain a minimum paneledge distance of 1/2" 1"

Figure A2

sHutteR attaCHment top

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12

Caulk (prior toinstalling shim)

16d (0.135" x 3-1/2") nailsholding shims per Step 4

Shim

Siding

Finish sill

Finish wall

Shutter

SillInterior casing

Glass

Maintain a minimum paneledge distance of 1/2" 1"

16d (0.135" x 3-1/2")double-headed nailsper Table A1 or A2

Figure A3

sHutteR attaCHment Bottom

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13

deSigN B

Shutters for Masonry Block StructuresBarrel-Bolt latch supports

This design from APA describes how to construct structural panel shutters for attachment to masonry block buildingsusing barrel-bolt latch supports. The unique features of this design are the barrel bolt latches that support the shutter

at either end. Once made, the shutters can be mounted or removed without any additional hardware or tools. The

barrel-bolt latches should be mounted to the panel with bolts rather than the screws that usually come with them. Use

a washer under the nuts and heads of the bolts. Place the nut-end of the bolts to the outside (latch side) of the shutter

to allow for final adjustment of the latches.

Steps to Constructing Shutters

1. Use Tables 1 and 2 to determine if stiffeners are needed. Attach stiffeners, if needed, as shown in Figure 5.

2. Cut the panel 1/8 inch less than the window opening. The long-panel axis (strength axis) must be oriented perpendicular

to the supported ends (sides of the shutter with the barrel bolts), regardless of which shutter dimension is longer.

3. Make two templates that will help in mounting the latches and

drilling the barrel-bolt latch holes in the concrete blocks one

for each side of the window. The maximum distance between

the top of the shutter panel and the first barrel bolt, and the

maximum distance between barrel bolts shall be in accordance

with Table B1 and should miss the mortar joints between the

blocks by 1-1/2 inches or more. See Figure B1.

4. Mount 4-inch barrel bolts. The nuts go on the latch side (outside)

of the shutter. Make the nuts only finger tight because the latches

will be adjusted in the final fitting.

5. Drill latch-bolt holes in blocks. See Figure B2.6. Mount the shutter in the window frame, and insert the barrel-

bolt latches into the holes in the concrete blocks. Tighten bolts holding barrel bolts in place.

7. The barrel-bolt holes in the concrete blocks may be filled with a removable plug when not in use as shown in Figure B3.

8.Any permanently installed hardware, shims or fastening devices must be installed using standard/acceptable methods of

waterproofing. All abandoned holes must be sealed.


10.To prevent the bottom 2x4 anchor holes in the concrete block from becoming clogged with dirt between shutter

uses, insert 1/2-inch No. 14 pan- or flat-head screws into the anchor holes. Remove these screws prior to reattaching

the 2x4s.

TABLe B1

BaRReL BoLt attaCHment sCHeduLe

shutter

Wh(ft)

Mea Roof Heht (ft)

33 45

Dstace to Frst Barrel Bolt (.)

5 6 5

8 4 3

Barrel Bolt Spac (.)

5 12 10

8 8 6

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14

Figure B1

LatCH BoLt pLaCement detaiLs

1-1/2"

Panel strength axis

TOPNORTH SIDECENTER

4" barrel bolt

No. 8 machine screws

3/8" cut washersAPA structural panel

Hole for latch bolt

Masonry joints

Outside face of wall

Note: Be sure to mark the

location and orientationof each shutter after fabrication

4'' Barrel bolt

Section view of barrel bolt

Wall end view

Front view

Distance to firstbarrel bolt per Table B1

1-1/2"

Barrel bolt spacing per Table B1

Figure B2

LATCH-BOLT HOLE in SiDE

of WindoW opening

BlockStucco

Holes for latchbolts not greater

than 16" o.c.

1-1/2"minimum

1"

Figure B3

tempoRaRy pLug

FOR LATCH-BOLT HOLE

Stucco

Block

Hole forlatch bolt

CorkScrew handle

Plug forlatch-bolt hole

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15

deSigN C

Shutters for Masonry Block Structuressteel or aluminum angle and screw supports

This design from APA describes how to construct structural panel shutters for attachment to masonry block buildings,using steel or aluminum angle and screw supports. The design is less costly to build than shutters with permanent

hardware for attachment and removal.

Anchorage to Masonry Block

The plastic anchors* referenced in this plan have sufficient lateral and withdrawal capacity to handle the expected

forces and are recommended because they are rated as being vibration resistant a characteristic that may be of some

value under buffeting wind loads. (Standard lead anchors are not usually rated as v ibration resistant.)

Keep masonry anchors at least 1-1/2 inches from the block edges, joints and corners to minimize the danger of cracking the

concrete blocks.

Steps to Constructing Shutters1. Use Tables 1 and 2 to determine if stiffeners are needed. Attach stiffeners, if needed, as shown in Figure 5.

2. In the dimension from support to support, cut the panel 3/8 inch less than the measurement of the window opening

(side to side in Figure C1). In the dimension from unsupported edge to unsupported edge, cut the panel 1/8 inch

less than the measurement of the opening. The long-panel axis (strength axis) must be oriented perpendicular to the

supported sides (side to side in Figure C1), regardless of which shutter dimension is longer.

3. Cut 1-1/2 x 1-1/2 x 1/8-inch steel or aluminum angles to the same length as the width of the shutter ends to be

supported.

4. Drill 1/4-inch diameter holes per Table C1 in one side of the angle. These holes are for bolts that hold the angle to

the panel and may be centered between the corner and the edge of the angle.

5. Drill 3/16-inch diameter holes per Table C2 in the remaining leg of the angle, offset 1 inch from the panel bolt holes.

Make the centerline of the holes 1/4 inch from edge of the angle. These holes are to receive No. 10 screws that will

go through the holes into masonry anchors in the concrete blocks. Refer to Figure C2.

TABLe C2

HoLe LoCations in angLe foR attaCHment

to WaLL

shrWh

(ft)

Mea Roof Heht (ft)

33 45

Cocrete Achor Spac (.)

5 8 88 6 4

Dstace to Frst Cocrete Achor (.)

5 4 4

8 3 2

TABLe C1

HoLe LoCations in angLe foR attaCHment

of sHutteR paneL

shrWh

(ft)

Mea Roof Heht (ft)

33 45

Mache Bolt Spac (.)

5 12 128 12 12

Dstace to Frst Mache Bolt (.)

5 6 6

8 6 6

*Lateral ultimate value 350 lbs or greater in 4,000 psi concrete, with screws specified (1-1/2 inches with stucco).

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16

6. Drill holes in blocks for the plastic anchors. Refer to Figure C3.

7. Mount the shutter, with angles mounted, to the window frame using No. 10 x 1-1/2" screws with washers.

See Figure C1.

8.Any permanently installed hardware, shims or fastening devices must be installed using standard/acceptable methods

of waterproofing. All abandoned holes must be sealed.




the 2x4s.

[RETURN TO INDEX]


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17

Figure C1

sHutteR attaCHment detaiL

Panel strength axis

TOP

NORTH SIDECENTER

Block wall

Note: Be sure to mark thelocation and orientation of

each shutter after fabrication

1-1/2"minimum


1/4" Dia. hole

3/32" Dia. hole1-1/2" x 1-1/2" x 1/8"Aluminum or steel angle

No. 10 wood or sheet metal screw

1/4" x 1" screw-in anchor(1-1/2" screw-in anchor for stucco)per Table C2

3/16" Dia. hole

Outside view of wall

Block wall

Block walltop view

No. 8 machine screw with1/4" x 1-1/4" fender washers per Table C1

Front or outside

Figure C2

AngLE-TO-SHuTTER ATTACHMEnT DETAiL

Figure C3

SCREW-in AnCHOR HOLE in SiDE OF WinDOW

opening

1/4" Dia. holeper Table C1

3/32" Dia. hole

3/16" Dia.hole per

Table C2

APA structural panel1-1/2" x 1-1/2" x 1/8"Aluminum or steel angle Stucco

Block

Hole for 1'' screw-inanchor (1-1/2" screw-in

anchor for stucco)per Table C2

1-1/2"minimum

1"

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18

deSigN d

Shutters for Masonry Block Structuresshutters attached to outside wall with permanently mounted Brackets

This design from APA describes how to construct structural panel shutters for attachment to masonry block buildings, usingpermanently mounted brackets on the outside wall. Two layers of APA Exterior plywood are attached to the outside of the concrete

block wall with No. 10 flat-head screws in masonry anchors. Once the brackets are installed, no tools are required to install or

remove the shutters unless stiffeners are required. It has the advantage of moving the shutter almost 2 inches farther away from

the glass than shutters mounted to the interior of the window frame and is therefore less likely to require stiffeners.

Fasteners

Screws or bolts that will be permanently exposed to the weather should be made of stainless steel.





Keep masonry anchors at least 1-1/2 inches from the block edges, joints and corners to minimize the danger of cracking the

concrete blocks.

Steps to Constructing Shutters

1. Use Tables 1 and 2 to determine if stiffeners are needed. Attach stiffeners, if needed, as shown in Figure 5.

2. Cut APA Exterior plywood for the shutter support/spacer and

for the trim that holds shutter against the supports (see Figure

D1). Make the thickness of the inner spacer slightly greater

than that of the shutter to allow the shutters to slide without

binding. (The inner trim spacer of plywood is left out of one

side of the window framing to allow for the insertion of the

shutters.) Orient the plywood face grain of the trim as indi-

cated in the diagram. (Plywood with four or more plies may

be oriented either direction.) Lap the corners to allow the

outer trim to be attached to the inner spacer at the corners.

Refer to Figure D1.

3. Drill 1/2-inch diameter vertical drain holes in bottom inner

spacer to allow rain water to escape out the bottom.

4. Cut the shutter to be 1/4 inch less than the distance from the bottom of the bottom slot to the top of the top slot, and

about 2 inches wider than the window opening width (assuming that the panels are supported top and bottom).Orient the long-panel axis (strength axis) as shown in Figure D1. Slide the shutter into place.

5. Drill hole halfway down the trim and diagonally downward (at about 30 degrees from the surface) in the trim board

covering the shutter-entrance opening. The hole should be about 1/8 inch outside the edge of the installed shutter.

This hole will receive a 12d box (0.128 x 3-1/4-inch) nail to prevent the shutter panel or panels from getting blown

back out the entrance slot.

*Withdrawal ultimate value 490 lbs or greater in 4,000 psi concrete, with screws specified (1-1/2 inches with stucco).

TABLe D1

TRiM-TO-COnCRETE AnCHOR SPACing

shrHh

(ft)

Mea Roof Heht (ft)

33 45

Cocrete Achor Spac (.)

5 12 12

8 9 6

Dstace to Frst Cocrete Achor (.)

5 6 6

8 4 3

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19

6.Any permanently installed hardware, shims or fastening devices must be installed using standard/acceptable methods ofwaterproofing. All abandoned holes must be sealed.


8.To prevent the bottom 2x4 anchor holes in the concrete block from becoming clogged with dirt between shutter uses,

insert 1/2-inch No. 14 pan- or flat-head screws into the anchor holes. Remove these screws prior to reattaching the 2x4s.

Design Alternative

As an alternative to Design D, the wood trim can be replaced with 1 x 1 x 1-inch (outside measurements) x 1/8-inch

aluminum channels (channel outside dimensions may be changed to better accommodate panels thicker than 5/8 inch i.e.,

1-1/8-inch-thick shutters will require a channel slot opening of about 1-1/4 inches) mounted approximately the same way as

the wood trim. See Figure D2. Make holes at both ends to hold a latching device to prevent shutters from being blown out.

APA structural panel shutt er

1/2" Plywood face trim

No. 10 screw

1/4" x 1" Screw-in anchor(1/4" x 1-1/2" for stucco) inaccordance with Table D1

Panel strength axis

Inner spacer

1-1/2" Minimum

Note: Using sawn lumber instead of plywood for the outer layer of trim may result in the failure of the trim when suction loads are appliedto the shutter.

Detail oflockingdevice

Face trim

Not required forreinforced shutters

Hole forshutter stop

Side view

Lap trim at corners

Shutter location marked on shutter

Shutter slot (3 sides)

Strength axis

Drain hole

Block

3" 4"

Thickness of shutter plus 1/8"

TOPNORTH SIDE

CENTER

Figure D1

sHutteR fRame and attaCHment stRuCtuRaL paneL option

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20

Figure D2

sHutteR fRame and attaCHment aLuminum CHanneL option

1/4" x 1" screw-in anchor(1/4" x 1-1/2" for stucco) inaccordance with Table D1

Stucco

Block

1-1/2"Minimum

1/2"

Aluminum channel1" x 1" x 1" x 1/8"

No. 10 screw

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21

deSigN e

Shutters for Masonry Block StructuresFor openings wider than 8 Feet

This design from APA describes how to construct structural panel shutters for attachment to masonry block build-ings, where glass windows and doors are wider than 8 feet. The shutters run from top to bottom and are attached to a

temporary 2x4 lumber strip at the top and bottom of the opening.





Keep masonry anchors at least 1-1/2 inches from the block edges, joints and corners to minimize the danger of cracking

the concrete blocks.

Steps to Constructing Shutters1.Use Table 2 to determine which panel to use.

2. Cut two 2x4s to a length that is 1 inch less than the width of the door opening to be covered. Rip the 2x4s length-

wise, if necessary, to the width of the distance of the door frame to the front of the wall. The outside edge of the 2x4

should be flush with the outside surface of the wall. (Note: If holes or hole plugs on the front of the building are not

a concern, the top 2x4 may be eliminated by extending the shutter above the opening and attaching the top of the

shutter directly to the front of the header.) Refer to Figure E1.

3. Predrill 1/4-inch diameter holes in the 2x4s in accordance with Table E1 and at least 1-1/2 inches from the front

edge of the 2x4s (outside surface of the wall).

4. Drill holes in the concrete blocks.

5. Tap vibration-resistant anchors into the holes in the concrete.

6.Attach the 2x4s to top and bottom of the opening using 2-1/2-inch No. 14 round or pan-head wood or sheetmetal

screws with washers. Refer to Figure E1.

7. Cut the shutter to span the opening (plus the width of the supports, 3 inches for two 2x4s). Orient the long-panel

axis (strength axis) as shown in Figure 5.

8. Drill holes at 16 inches o.c. along the supported panel edges and in the 2x4s.

9.Attach the shutter to the 2x4s with 2-inch No. 10 wood or sheetmetal screws in accordance with Table E2.



the 2x4s.

11.Any permanently installed hardware, shims or fastening devices must be insta lled using standard/acceptable

methods of waterproofing. All abandoned holes must be sealed.


* Withdrawal ultimate value 490 lbs or greater in 4,000 psi concrete, with screws specified (1-1/2 inches with stucco).

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22

Figure e1

sHutteR attaCHment to HeadeR and sLaB fLooR

No. 10 x 2" screw with washerin accordance with with Table E2

Concrete floor


Header reinforcing

No. 14 x 2-1/2" screw with washerin accordance with Table E1

3/16" x 3" lag screw with fender washer

16d nails 6" o.c.

Anchor

No. 14 x 2-1/2" screw with washerin accordance with Table E1

2x4

2x4

Header

Shutter location and orientation

TOPWEST SLIDER

LEFT SIDE

No. 2 2x4 16" o.c.

or No. 2 2x6 16" o.c.

Alternate means of attachmentNo. 14 x 2-1/2" screw with washer and

anchor through 2x4 in accordancewith Table E3

Patio slab

No. 10 x 2" screw with washerin accordance with Table E2

Alternate means of attatchment

No. 14 x 2-1/2" screw with washer andanchor in accordance with Table E3

Anchor

Anchor

2x4 (if required)

Outside of shutter

Min.1-1/2"

Min.1-1/2"

Outsi e sur ace o wa

TABLe e2

sHutteR to tempoRaRy 2x4

shutter

Wh(ft)

Mea Roof Heht (ft)

33 45

no. 10 Screw Spac(.)

5 8 8

8 4 4

Dstace to Frst no. 10Screw (.)

5 4 4

8 2 2

TABLe e1

tempoRaRy 2x4 TO COnCRETE

shutter

Wh(ft)

Mea Roof Heht (ft)

33 45

no. 14 Screw Spac(.)

5 12 12

8 8 6

Dstace to Frst no. 14Screw Achor (.)

5 6 6

8 4 3

TABLe e3

top of sHutteR to HeadeR

(alr m)

shrWh

(ft)

Mea Roof Heht (ft)

33 45

Cocrete Achor

Spac (.)

5 6 6

8 4 4

Dstace to FrstCocrete Achor (.)

5 3 3

8 2 2

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Hurricane Shutter DesignW hav fld psntatvs n many majo u.S. cts and n Canada

who can hlp answ qstons nvolvn APA tadmakd podcts. Fo addtonal assstancn spcfyn nnd wood podcts, contact s:

ap a He ad qu aRt eRs

7011 So. 19th St.

Tacoma, Washnton 98466(253) 565-6600 Fax: (253) 565-7265

pRoduCt suppoRt HeLp desk(253) 620-7400

e-mal Addss: [email protected]

disCLaimeRThe informtion contine herein i be on aPa The Engineere Woo aocitioncontining progrm of lbortory teting, proct reerch, n comprehenive fiel experi-ence. Neither aPa, nor it member mke ny wrrnty, expree or implie, or me nylegl libility or reponibility for the e, ppliction of, n/or reference to opinion, fining,conclion, or recommention incle in thi pbliction. Conlt yor locl jriiction oreign profeionl to re complince with coe, contrction, n performnce reqire-ment. Bece aPa h no control over qlity of workmnhip or the conition ner whichengineere woo proct re e, it cnnot ccept reponibility of proct performnce oreign ctlly contrcte.

Fom No. T450g/rvsd Sptmb 2013

Documents

T450 HURRICANE SHUTTER DESIGN