THE NEW

ARMENIAN MEDICAL JOURNAL

Volume 9, No 3, October 2015

Y E R E V A N

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"Current Issues of Medical Science"

conference12th-15th October 2015

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BA S I C ME DIC A L SC IENS THE NEW ARMENIAN MEDICAL JOURNAL, Vol.9 (2015), No3 Supplement

MICRONUCLEUI AND OTHER NUCLEAR ANOMALIES IN EXFOLIATED BUCCAL

CELLS OF CANCER PATIENTS

INTRODUCTION.. The micronucleus (MN) assay in exfoliated buccal mucosa cells is widely used and is a minimally invasive method which gives possibility to evaluate both cytogenetic alterations and cytotoxic action. MN can be formed from whole chromosomes or their fragments, and their presence in cells testi-fies about chromosome disorders. Increased level of MN was observed in the cells of cancer patients after local radiotherapy. An increase in the number of cells with MN in women with breast cancer compared with healthy women. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the number of MN and other nu-clear anomalies in exfoliated buccal cells of patients with throat cancer before, during and after radiotherapy.

METHODS USED.Studies using MN test was carried out in 6cancer patients be-fore, during and after radiation therapy. Ten healthy individuals served as a control. MN and other nuclear anomalies level were investigated before, during and after radiotherapy. As control buccal cells of healthy people of correspond-ing ages were studied. Cells with broken egg (BE), karyorhxis (KR), condensed chromatin (CC), pycnosis (P), binucleats (BN) and kariolysis (KL) were regis-tered along with MN. Buccal cells were scraped and spread on a glass slide, then smears were fixed, and subsequently stained with Shiff’s reagent. Statisti-cal analysis was performed by means of Kruskal-Wallis test.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION.The levels of MN and other nuclear anomalies in the cells of patients with throat cancer were investigated before they have got ra-diotherapy. The average parameters in patients’ cells for MNC (cells with MN) were 1,33±0,21 and for total MN 2,00±0,21. During the course of radiotherapy the average number of MNC increased two times and was 4,33±0,99. As it was observed, the total MN level and the CMN in throat cancer patients’ cells were increased compared with such parameters of healthy subjects. As it was known from literature data the increasing of MN and other nuclear anomalies testified good therapeutic effect of radiotherapy. Two weeks after the end of the course of radiotherapy the levels of MN and CNM decreased significantly and were 1,67±0,21 and 2,33±0,33, respectively.

Conclusion. Simultaneously it was investigated the level of chromosome aber-rations and DNA single-stranded damages by comet assay in the cells of the same patients. It was revealed that the level of chromosome aberrations such as dicentrics and single-stranded damages of DNA were increased during the ra-diotherapy and then decreased after finishing the course of treatment. In con-clusion, we can suggest that MN assay in combination with the chromosome aberrations test and DNA damage (measured by means of comet assay) can represent mutagenic processes and show heterogeneity of different organism response to radiation. Determination of absorbed dose, identification of various genetic disorders in individuals exposed to identical doses of radiation offers the opportunity to reveal the individual biological effect. We suggest that MN assay can be widely used as biomarkers of cancer risk in human.

ZALINYAN G.G.1,

PARSADANYAN G. G. 2,

NERSESYAN A.K.3,

ZEDGINIDZE A. G. 4,

NAMCHEVADZE E.N.5,

NIKURADZE T.D.4

1Yerevan State University, RA, 2Scentific Research Center,

YSMU3Institute of Cancer Research,

Medical University of Vienna, Austria

4Beritashvili Center of Experi-mental Biomedicine, Georgia

5Tbilisi State University, E. Andronikashvili, Georgia

Corresponding author

Received 08/15/2015; Accepted for printing 09/25/2015

KEYWORDS: micronucleus; nuclear anomalies; buccal mucosa; radiotherapy

Gohar@Parsadanyan.Am