February 15, 2017 - 5BThe Chroniclewww.charlestonchronicle.net

STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINACOUNTY OF CHARLESTON

IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS

FOR THE NINTH JUDICIAL CIRCUIT

CASE NO: 2016-CP-10-5558Dominique Ricks,Plaintiff,v.Eva Mae Dennison,Defendant

SUMMONS

TO THE DEFENDANTS ABOVENAMED: 

YOU ARE HEREBY SUM-MONED and required to answerthe Complaint in this action, a copyof which is herewith served uponyou, and to serve a copy of yourAnswer to the said Complaint onthe Plaintiff or his attorney, Gary A.Ling of Riesen Law Offices, 3660West Montague Avenue, NorthCharleston, South Carolina 29418,within the (30) days from the dateof such service. If you fail to answerthe Complaint within the time afore-said, the Plaintiff in this action willapply to the Court for judgment bydefault for the relief demanded inthe Complaint.Riesen Law Firm, L.L.P.Gary A. Ling3660 West Montague AvenueN. Charleston, SC 29418843-760-2450Attorney for PlaintiffFiled: 100 Broad StreetCharleston, SCOctober 19, 2016.North Charleston, SC

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Which Slave Sailed Himself to Freedom?

by Henry Louis Gates, Jr. Just before dawn on May 13,

1862, Robert Smalls and a crewcomposed of fellow slaves, in theabsence of the white captain andhis two mates, slipped a cottonsteamer off the dock, picked upfamily members at a rendezvouspoint, then slowly navigatedtheir way through the harbor.Smalls, doubling as the captain,even donning the captain’s wide-brimmed straw hat to help tohide his face, responded with theproper coded signals at twoConfederate checkpoints, in-cluding at Fort Sumter itself,and other defense positions.Cleared, Smalls sailed into theopen seas. Once outside of Con-federate waters, he had his crewraise a white flag and surren-dered his ship to the blockadingUnion fleet.

In fewer than four hours,Robert Smalls had done some-thing unimaginable: In the midstof the Civil War, this black maleslave had commandeered a heav-ily armed Confederate ship anddelivered its 17 black passengers(nine men, five women and threechildren) from slavery to free-dom.

Our story begins in the secondfull year of the war. It is May 12,1862, and the Union Navy has setup a blockade around much ofthe Atlantic and Gulf Coasts. In-side it, the Confederates are dugin defending Charleston, S.C.,and its coastal waters, densewith island forts, includingSumter, where the first shots ofthe Civil War were fired exactlyone year, one month, before. At-tached to Brig. Gen. RoswellRipley’s command is theC.S.S.  Planter,  a “first-classcoastwise steamer” hewn locallyfor the cotton trade out of “liveoak and red cedar,” according totestimony given in a U.S. HouseNaval Affairs Committee report20 years later.

After two weeks of supplyingvarious island points,the  Planter  returns to theCharleston docks by nightfall. Itis due to go out again the nextmorning and so is heavily armed,including approximately 200rounds of ammunition, a 32-pound pivot gun, a 24-poundhowitzer and four other guns,

among them one that had beendented in the original attack onSumter. In between drop-offs,the three white officers on board(Capt. C.J. Relyea, pilot SamuelH. Smith and engineer ZerichPitcher) make the fateful deci-sion to disembark for the night— either for a party or to visitfamily — leaving the crew’s eightslave members behind. If caught,Capt. Relyea could face court-martial — that’s how much hetrusts them.

At the top of the list is RobertSmalls, a 22-year-old mulattoslave who’s been sailing thesewaters since he was a teenager:intelligent and resourceful, defi-ant with compassion, an expertnavigator with a family yearningto be free. According to the 1883Naval Committee report, Smallsserves as the ship’s “virtualpilot,”but because only whitescan rank, he is slotted as “wheel-man.” Smalls not only acts thepart; he looks it, as well. He isoften teased about his resem-blance to Capt. Relyea: Is it hisskin, his frame or both? The truejoke, though, is Smalls’ to spring,for what none of the officersknow is that he has been plan-ning for this moment for weeksand is willing to use everyweapon on board to see itthrough.The Escape on the Planter

That opportunity is at hand onthe night of May 12. Once the

Robert Smalls and The C.S.S. Planter

white officers are on shore,Smalls confides his plan to theother slaves on board. Accordingto the Naval Committee report,two choose to stay behind. “Thedesign was hazardous in the ex-treme,” it states, and Smalls andhis men have no intention ofbeing taken alive; either they willescape or use whatever guns andammunition they have to fightand, if necessary, sink their ship.“Failure and detection wouldhave been certain death,” theNavy report makes plain. “Fear-ful was the venture, but it wasmade.”

At 2:00 a.m. on May 13, Smallsdons Capt. Rylea’s straw hat andorders the  Planter’s  skeletoncrew to put up the boiler andhoist the South Carolina andConfederate flags as decoys.Easing out of the dock, in view ofGen. Ripley’s headquarters, theypause at the West AtlanticWharf to pick up Smalls’ wifeand children, along with fourother women, three men and an-other child.At 3:25 a.m., the Planter acceler-

ates “her perilous adventure,” theNavy report continues (it readsmore like a Robert Louis Steven-son novel). From the pilot house,Smalls blows the ship’s whistlewhile passing Confederate FortsJohnson and, at 4:15 a.m., FortSumter, “as cooly as if GeneralRipley was on board.” Smalls notonly knows all the right Navy sig-nals to flash; he even folds hisarms like Capt. Rylea, so that in

the shadows of dawn, he passesconvincingly for white.

In The Negro’s Civil War, thedean of Civil War studies JamesMcPherson quotes the followingeyewitness account: “Just as No.3 port gun was being elevated,someone cried out, ‘I see some-thing that looks like a white flag';and true enough there was some-thing flying on the steamer thatwould have been white by appli-cation of soap and water. As sheneared us, we looked in vain forthe face of a white man. Whenthey discovered that we wouldnot fire on them, there was a rushof contrabands out on her deck,some dancing, some singing,whistling, jumping; and othersstood looking towards FortSumter, and muttering all sortsof maledictions against it, and ‘de

LEGAL NOTICE! NAMEDECLARATION,

CORRECTION PROCLAMATIONAND PUBLICATION

I, Morowa Yejide El, being duly Af-firmed, standing squarely, Declare,and Proclaim, upon Divine Law;Nature’s Law; Universal Law, Moor-ish Birthrights; International Law;and Constitutional Law; Declareand say:I, being previously Identified by theUnion States Society of NorthAmerica – U.S.A. under the col-orable, Ward-ship name, KAYELLA BEY, do hereby refute theFraud; make Public and Publish myCorrected National Name; Declareand Affirm my true, ‘Proper PersonStatus’; and reclaim my RightfulSocial and Cultural Life of theState; in accord with my MoorishNation of Northwest Amexem /North America – acknowledging myBirthrights. Having Lawfully andLegally Obtained and Proclaimedmy Moorish Nationality and Birth-right ‘Name and Title’; in harmonywith, in association with, and in Ac-cord with Divine Law, the Customs;and the Laws, Rules, and Usagesof The Moorish Divine and NationalMovement; being Aboriginal and In-digenous, and bound to the NorthAmerican Continent by Heritage, byPrimogeniture; by Birthright; byNatural Birth; by Freehold; and byInheritance. I Am: Morowa YejideEl, ‘In Propria Persona Sui Juris’(being in my own proper person),by birthright; an Inheritance WITH-OUT THE FOREIGN, IMPOSEDCOLOR-OF-LAW, OR ASSUMEDDUE PROCESS.Wherefore, I, Morowa Yejide El,being ‘Part and Parcel’ namedherein, and by Birthright, Primogen-iture, and Inheritance, make a Law-ful and Legal Entry of Affidavit intothe South Carolina Supreme Courtand Public Notification of National-ity Proclamation; Name CorrectionClaim; Declaration, Affirmation, andApplication; Herewith Published forthe Public Record.

heart of de Souf,’ generally. Asthe steamer came near, andunder the stern ofthe Onward, one of the Coloredmen stepped forward, and takingoff his hat, shouted, ‘Good morn-ing, sir! I’ve brought you some ofthe old United States guns, sir!’” That man is Robert Smalls, andhe and his family and the entireslave crew of the Planter are nowfree.

In the North, Smalls was fetedas a hero and personally lobbiedthe Secretary of War EdwinStanton to begin enlisting blacksoldiers. After President Lincolnacted a few months later, Smallswas said to have recruited 5,000soldiers by himself. In October1862, he returned tothe Planter as pilot as part of Ad-miral Du Pont’s South Atlantic

Blockading Squadron. Accord-ing to the 1883 Naval AffairsCommittee report, Smalls wasengaged in approximately 17 mil-itary actions, including the April7, 1863, assault on Fort Sumterand the attack at Folly IslandCreek, S.C., two months later,where he assumed command ofthe  Planter  when, under “veryhot fire,” its white captain be-came so “demoralized” he hid inthe “coal-bunker.” For hisvaliancy, Smalls was promotedto the rank of captain himself,and from December 1863 on,earned $150 a month, makinghim one of the highest paid blacksoldiers of the war. Poetically,when the war ended in April1865, Smalls was on boardthe  Planter  in a ceremony inCharleston Harbor.Robert Smalls’ Postwar RecordFollowing the war, Smalls con-

tinued to push the boundaries offreedom as a first-generationblack politician, serving in theSouth Carolina state assemblyand senate, and for five noncon-secutive terms in the U.S. Houseof Representatives (1874-1886)before watching his state rollback Reconstruction in a revised1895 constitution that strippedblacks of their voting rights. Hedied in Beaufort on February 22,1915, in the same house behindwhich he had been born a slaveand is buried behind a bust at theTabernacle Baptist Church. Inthe face of the rise of Jim Crow,Smalls stood firm as an unyield-ing advocate for the politicalrights of African Americans: “Myrace needs no special defense forthe past history of them and thiscountry. It proves them to beequal of any people anywhere.All they need is an equal chancein the battle of life.”