SYSTEMS ENGINEERING AND ADVANCED CONCEPTS DIVISION Systems Engineering at Goddard Space Flight Center Presented by James Andary February 21, 2001 Joint

SYSTEMS ENGINEERING AND ADVANCED CONCEPTS DIVISION

Systems Engineering at Goddard Space Flight Center

Presented by James AndaryFebruary 21, 2001

Joint Meeting with Chesapeake Chapter of INCOSE


Agenda

•Welcome & Introduction

•Who we are–Vision & Mission–Organization

•Agency, GSFC, STAAC, SEACD, SMO

•What we do–Flight Projects Support

•Role of Systems Engineer on a project–Advanced Concepts–Advanced Engineering Environments

•IMDC, ISAL, ISE, VSDE –Support to Enterprises–Support to Office of Chief Engineer


Agenda (Continued)

•Process–NPG 7120.5, NASA Program and Project Management Processes and Requirements–EIA-632, Processes for Engineering a System–SP-6105, NASA Systems Engineering Handbook–AP233, Systems Engineering Data Representation

•New Initiatives–Systems Engineering Education and Development (SEED) Program–Systems Engineering Core Capability

4SYSTEMS ENGINEERING AND ADVANCED CONCEPTS DIVISION

“It is difficult to say what is impossible, for the dream of yesterday is the hope of today and the reality of tomorrow.”

Dr. Robert H. Goddard1882 - 1945


Vision & Mission

The Systems Engineering and Advanced Concepts Division (SEACD) provides end-to end systems engineering for programs, missions and projects including innovative concepts, system architectures and systems for new missions, technologies and concepts. The Division develops implementation and risk mitigation strategies for the infusion of technologies, ensuring that systems technology advancements are carried from concept through final design. The Division performs technical systems engineering and tradeoffs across the full life cycle for NASA Enterprise and external customers. The missions include Space and Earth science as well as enabling technologies.


Goddard Space Flight Center

Office of the Director

Space Science

Directorate

Systems, Technology and

AdvancedConcepts Directorate

Suborbital andSpecial Orbital

ProjectsDirectorate

Office ofSystem Safetyand MissionAssurance

Flight Programsand ProjectsDirectorate

Applied Engineering

and Technology Directorate

EarthScience

Directorate

Management Operations Directorate


Systems, Technology and Advanced Concepts Directorate

Director of

NASA TechnologyIntegration

Division

Systems Engineeringand

Advanced ConceptsDivision

Flight Instrument

Division

Project Formulation

Business Management

Office

New OpportunitiesOffice

NASA Space OperationsManagement Office


Division ChiefDeputy Division Chief

Chief Systems Engineer

Systems Engineering Support and

Advanced Concepts Branch

Earth Science Missions Branch

Space Science Missions Branch

Business ManagementGroup (400.1)

Chief Systems Engineer• Reviews SE activities• Audits SE processes and

procedures• Accountable to SMO• Liaison to customers• Responsible for SE training &

tools

Systems Engineering and Advanced Concepts Division


Systems Management Office

SMO Charter

•SMO is accountable to the Center Director and is a resource for program/project management–System Engineering -- Independent Cost Analysis

–Requirements Management -- Verification and Validation

–Risk Management -- ISO Certification–Systems Review -- Knowledge Management

•SMO is responsible for Systems Management policy, guidelines and integrated independent assessments.

•Programs/Projects and Systems Engineering are responsible for implementing Systems Management.


The NASA Strategic Enterprises

The Office of the

Administrator

Earth Science

Space Science

Human Development

and Exploration

of Space

Aerospace Technology

Biological and Physical

Research

Office of theChief Engineer


Space Science Enterprise Themes

•SEC: Sun-Earth Connection

•SEU: Structure and Evolution of the Universe

•SSE: Solar System Exploration

•ASO: Astronomical Search for Origins


Earth Science Enterprise Themes

•Biology and Biogeochemistry of Ecosystems and the Global Carbon Cycle

•Atmospheric Chemistry, Aerosols & Solar Radiation

•Global Water & Energy Cycle

•Oceans and Ice

•Solid Earth Science

•Earth System Modeling


Flight Projects Support

Role of the Systems Engineer

Ensure the system is designed, built, and operated so that it accomplishes its purpose in the most cost-effective way possible, considering performance, cost, schedule, and risk.


Advanced Engineering Environments

•Integrated Mission Design Center (IMDC)– Collaborative engineering environment for rapid mission design studies

•Instrument Synthesis and Analysis Laboratory (ISAL)– Transforms instrument design process by accelerating the capacity to create, design, validate and operate new instruments

•Intelligent Synthesis Environment (ISE)– Vision is to affect a cultural change that integrates into practice widely-distributed science, technology and engineering teams to rapidly create innovative, affordable products.

•Virtual System Design Environment (VSDE)– A suite of systems engineering tools available to all systems engineers


Support to the Office of Chief Engineer

Orlando Figueroa's Five Major Points

• Engineering Excellence in NASA–Advance engineering excellence in NASA & strengthen

Systems Engineering• Process Documentation

–PAPAC (Agency-wide process) Policy 7120• Promote infrastructure to move to a collaborative environment

–Advanced Engineering Environments• NASA Collaboration with National & International bodies (i.e. INCOSE)• Stimulate NASA Engineering participation in National Academy of Engineering


INCOSE Goals

• Provide a focal point for dissemination of knowledge• Promote collaboration in systems engineering

education and research• Establish professional standards for integrity in the

practice of systems engineering• Improve professional status of all people engaged in

the of practice of systems engineering• Encourage support from government and industry for

research and educational programs


Systems Engineering Processes

Processes

•NPG 7120.5, NASA Program and Project Management Processes and Requirements

•EIA-632, Processes for Engineering a System

•SP-6105, NASA Systems Engineering Handbook

•AP233, Systems Engineering Data Representation


Program/Project Life Cycle Overview

Within the Provide Aerospace Products and Capabilities (PAPAC) Process

EVALUATION (PAPAC Subprocess)

OTHER CROSSCUTTING PROCESSES•Manage Strategically • Generate Knowledge •

•Communicate Knowledge•Cu

sto

mer

Req

uir

em

en

ts &

Ad

vocacy

Con

tinu

ou

s C

usto

mer

Involv

em

en

t & S

atis

factio

n

Pre-Formulation

Formulation(PAPAC

Subprocess)

Approval(PAPAC

Subprocess)Implementat

ion(PAPAC

Subprocess)•Requirements

•Trades•Concept Development Studies

•Evolving Technology

•Enabling Activities

•Program/ Project Definition

•Proposal Review & Submission

•Review•Independent Assessment

•Approval

•Establish Control

•Manage Results

•Design, Develop, & Sustain Systems

•Deliver Products and Services


Decom

position

&

Defi

nitio

n S

equen

ce Inte

gra

tion

and

Ver

ifica

tion

Seq

uen

ce

Understand UserRequirements, Develop

System Concept andValidation Plan

Demonstrate andValidate System to User Validation Plan

Develop SystemPerformance Specification

and SystemVerification Plan

Expand PerformanceSpecifications Into CI

“Design-to” Specificationsand Inspection Plan

Evolve “Design-to”Specifications into

“Build-to” Documentation and Inspection Plan

Integrate System andPerform SystemVerification to

Performance Specification

Assemble CIs and PerformCI Verification to CI

“Design-to”Specifications

Inspect to“Build-to”

Documentation

Fabricate, Assemble, andCode to “Build-to”

Documentation

Systems Engineering Lifecycle Phases


Creating a Core Systems Engineering Capability

Why a Core Systems Engineering Capability?•Provide improved systems engineering capability to the projects without just adding more systems engineers to the projects or requiring the projects to go to more support contractors for systems engineering.

•Provide capability to address the new systems engineering requirements without increasing systems engineering assignments.

•Assignment of a few civil servants and some support contractors to the core, if properly used, would preclude a larger number of systems engineers being added to the projects’ staffs.

•For maximum productivity, the latest tools must be available and utilized.


Creating a Core Systems Engineering Capability

The Systems Engineering Core• A small group of engineers who are experts in the systems

engineering process, as well as those in training.• The nucleus of this group is comprised of civil servants who are

supported by a larger number of support service contractors.• The core group supplies systems engineering expertise to all the

programs and projects across the center and serves as a resource to all the collocated systems engineers.

• Systems engineers are rotated through this core group as they come off of projects.

• The core group acts as mentors to junior systems engineers in the SEED program and elsewhere.

• A small number of civil servants are required for continuity of policy and to maintain systems engineering as a GSFC core competency.


S.E.S.E.s inTraining

AETD STAAC FPPD

Advanced Concepts

S.E.Instrument

S.E.

ProjectS.E.

Mentoring

Systems Engineering Core Competency


System Engineering Education & Development (SEED)•A cooperative effort of STAAC and AETD to develop promising discipline engineers and junior systems engineers into end-to-end mission systems engineers or instrument systems engineers.

•Targeted at shortening the development cycle to under three years.

•Focuses development through a curriculum of well-defined course work (defined through the DACUM process), rotational assignments through all phases of the NASA life cycle and mentorship from senior systems engineers.

•The pilot program was initiated last year.

–The participants have provided very positive feedback regarding rotations, courses and mentors.

•Anticipate roll-out of the competitive announcement from OHR this Fall.


Administratively Detail To AETD

Electrical Systems Center (Code 560)

Rotational AssignmentExamples:•Instrument Work•ISAL•Innovative Concepts•Mission Director

ReassignmentTo AETD Elect

Systems Center orInstrument Technology

Center

PHASE I PHASE II

Continue in Program?

No

Yes

Instrument Systems Engineer (ISE) Path

Return to home

organization

Yes

Administratively Detail To AETDGN&C Systems

EngineeringBranch Code 571

Rotational AssignmentExamples:•Mission Work•IMDC•Innovative Concepts•Mission Director

End-to-end Mission Systems Engineering And Discipline Systems Engineering Paths

ReassignmentTo AETD

GN&C SE Branch

PHASE I PHASE II

Continue in Program?

Return to home

organization

No

GR

AD

UA

TIO

N

Greenbelt and

WallopsApplicants

SEED Selection•Assign Mentor•Develop Career Roadmap Systems

EngineeringSelection

Opportunities

• PPMI Systems Engineering

• Space Mission Design and Analysis

• System Reliability & Quality Assurance

• PPMI System Requirements

• Requirements Management

• Instrument Design and Analysis

• Designing Cost Effective Space Missions

• System Design and Analysis

• System Verification & Validation

• Mission Operations• Risk Mgmt & Decision

Theory• Project Mgmt for System

Engineers• Strategic Thinking• Cost Analysis of Missions

Educational Course Work

System Engineering Education & Development (SEED)


Past Accomplishments


Launches in 2000

•EO-1/SAC-C Successfully launched November 21

•HETE II Successfully launched October 9

•NOAA-L Successfully launched September 21

•Cluster II (Part 2) Successfully launched August 9

•Cluster II Successfully launched July 16

•TDRS-H Successfully launched June 30

•GOES-L Successfully launched May 3

•IMAGE Successfully launched March 25


GSFC’s Future

•In the next ten years, we will provide leadership in implementing:

Systematic measurement and NASA/NOAA transition missions to

understand how the Earth is changing and the primary causes

of change

Missions to understand aspects of the coupled Sun-Earth system that

directly affect life and society

Large space observatories that take us to the limits of gravity, space

and time

Large scale scientific computing and scientific research

Technology development associated with large telescopes & highly

distributed and coordinated space systems

AQUAAURAGCCNPPGPME&H

STPLWS

NGSTLISAGLASTCon-XMAXIMSPECS


Upcoming Launches for 2001

•Microwave Anisotropy Probe (MAP)

•HESSI (SMEX 6)

•TIMED/Jason

•EOS-PM AQUA

•QuikTOMS


32 optics (300 10 cm) held in phase with 600 m

baseline to give 0.3 micro arc sec

34 formation flying spacecraft

1 km

Optics

10 km

Combiner spacecraft

500 km

Detectorspacecraft

Black hole image!

System is adjustable on

orbit to achieve larger

baselines

The Black Hole Imager: MAXIM Observatory Concept


Direct image of a black hole event horizon

- Fundamental importance to physics

- Captures the imagination

0.1 arc sec resolution

HST Image M87

MAXIM0.1 micro arc sec resolution

4-8 m arc sec

Close to the event horizon the peak energy is emitted in X-rays

Image a Black Hole!


The universe is totally transparent to gravitational radiation, right back to the beginning of time and opens a new window to view behind the microwave background.In the nearer term….Polarization of the microwave background contains the signature of gravitational waves from the period of inflation

Future vision mission CMBPOL mission will detect it

A mission to follow LISA will search for this background radiation

Looking Behind the Microwave Background


Architecture of the Future

User CommunityInformation

Advanced Sensors

Sensor Webs

• Information Synthesis

• Access to Knowledge


Living With a Star

Space weather and its effects on human

activities


Summary:

“Proud of the Past”


Summary:

“Prepared for the Future”


References

•SP-6105, NASA Systems Engineering Handbook

•NPG 7120.5, Program and Project Management Processes and Requirements

•EIA Standard 632, Processes for Engineering a System

•SED website: <http://sed.gsfc.nasa.gov>

Documents

SYSTEMS ENGINEERING AND ADVANCED CONCEPTS DIVISION Systems Engineering at Goddard Space Flight Center Presented by James Andary February 21, 2001 Joint