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Systems Analysis and Design With UMLSystems Analysis and Design With UML2.02.0

An ObjectAn Object--Oriented Approach, Second EditionOriented Approach, Second Edition

Chapter 2: Introduction to Object-OrientedSystems Analysis and Design with the UnifiedModeling Language, Version 2.0

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Objectives

Understand the basic characteristicsof object-oriented systems.Be familiar with the UnifiedModeling Language (UML), Version2.0.Be familiar with the Unified Process.Understand a minimalist approachto object-oriented systems analysisand design.

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Basic Characteristics ofObject Oriented Systems

Classes and ObjectsMethods and MessagesEncapsulation and InformationHidingInheritancePolymorphism and DynamicBinding

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Classes and Objects

Class –Template to definespecific instances or objectsObject –Instantiation of a classAttributes –Describes theobjectBehaviors –specify what objectcan do

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Classes and Objects

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Methods and Messages

Methods implement an object’sbehavior

Analogous to a function orprocedure

Messages are sent to triggermethods

Procedure call from one object tothe next

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Messages and Methods

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Encapsulation andInformation Hiding

Encapsulationcombination of data and process intoan entity

Information HidingOnly the information required to use asoftware module is published to theuser

Reusability KeyUse an object by calling methods

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Inheritance

Superclasses or general classesare at the top of a hierarchy ofclassesSubclasses or specific classesare at the bottomSubclasses inherit attributesand methods from classeshigher in the hierarchy

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Class Hierarchy

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Inheritance

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Polymorphism and DynamicBinding

PolymorphismA message can be interpreteddifferently by different classes ofobjects

Dynamic BindingSometimes called late bindingDelays typing or choosing a method foran object until run-time

Static BindingType of object determined at compiletime

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Polymorphish & Encapsulation

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The Unified ModelingLanguage, Version 2.0

Structure DiagramsBehavior DiagramsExtension MechanismsDevelopers

Grady BoochIvar JacobsonJames Rumbaugh

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Structure Diagram

Structure Diagrams includeClassObjectpackageDeploymentComponentComposite structure diagrams

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UML 2.0 Diagram Summary

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Structure Diagrams

Classrelationship between classes

ObjectRelationships between objects

PackageGroup UML elements together toform higher level constructs

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Structure Diagrams Cont.

DeploymentShows the physical architecture andsoftware components of system

ComponentPhysical relationships among softwarecomponents

Composite StructureIllustrates internal structure of a class

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Activity DiagramsActivity

Illustrates business workflowsSequence

Time-based ordering Behavior of objectsactivities in a use case

CommunicationCommunication among a set of collaboratingobjects of an activity

Interaction Overview TimingOverview of flow of control of a process

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State Machines

Behavioral State MachineExamines behavior of one class

Protocol State MachineShows dependencies of differentinterfaces of a class

Use-CaseCaptures business requirementsIllustrates interaction between systemand environment

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Use Case Diagrams

Captures Business requirementsIllustrates interaction between asystem and its environment

Includes end userAny external system that interacts withits information system

Documents and clarifiesrequirements of system beingmodeled

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Object Oriented SystemsAnalysis and Design

• Use-case driven• Architecture Centric• Iterative and Incremental• The Unified Process

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Engineering Workflows

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Supporting Workflows

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A Minimalist Approach

Benefits of Object-OrientedSystems Analysis and DesignExtensions of the UnifiedProcessThe Minimalist Object-OrientedSystems Analysis and DesignApproach

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Benefits of the Object Approach

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MOOSAD Approach

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Basic Characteristics ofObject Oriented Systems

Identifying business valueAnalyze feasibilityDevelop workplanStaff the projectControl and direct projectRequirements determinationFunctional modelingStructural modelingBehavioral modelingMoving on to design

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UML Summary

Class and method designData management layer designHuman computer interaction layerdesignPhysical architecture layer designConstructionInstallationOperations and support

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Summary

Basic characteristics of anobject oriented systemUnified modeling systemObject oriented SystemsAnalysis and DesignMinimalist approach to Objectoriented systems analysis anddesign with UML