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Synopsis:Synopsis:Workshop on Frontiers in Workshop on Frontiers in
Environmental Engineering EducationEnvironmental Engineering Education
James (Chip ) KilduffJames (Chip ) KilduffRensselaer Polytechnic InstituteRensselaer Polytechnic Institute
AEESP Meeting, Blacksburg VAAEESP Meeting, Blacksburg VA
July 28-Aug 1, 2007July 28-Aug 1, 2007
AcknowledgmentsAcknowledgments SponsorsSponsors
NSF, AEESP, AAEE, ASU (SoE, John NSF, AEESP, AAEE, ASU (SoE, John Crittenden)Crittenden)
Planning CommitteePlanning Committee Michael Aitken, Patrick Brezonik (ex-officio), Michael Aitken, Patrick Brezonik (ex-officio),
Michael Butkus, Chip Kilduff, Nicholas Michael Butkus, Chip Kilduff, Nicholas Clesceri, Raymond Hozalski, Loring Nies, Clesceri, Raymond Hozalski, Loring Nies, Susan PowersSusan Powers
ParticipantsParticipants Arizona State University, Tempe, AZArizona State University, Tempe, AZ
January 8-10, 2007January 8-10, 2007 60 Attendees60 Attendees AcademiaAcademia
Range of sizes and missions Range of sizes and missions Government (NSF, EPA)Government (NSF, EPA) Professional societies (AAEE, ASEE, NSPE, Professional societies (AAEE, ASEE, NSPE,
ASCE, AEESP)ASCE, AEESP) Water and wastewater utilitiesWater and wastewater utilities Consulting engineers Consulting engineers
Workshop ObjectivesWorkshop Objectives Identify “Body of Knowledge” outcomesIdentify “Body of Knowledge” outcomes Identify ways to transform curriculaIdentify ways to transform curricula
In response to Body of KnowledgeIn response to Body of Knowledge In response to new science and technologyIn response to new science and technology To bridge environmental literacy gapTo bridge environmental literacy gap To improve recruitmentTo improve recruitment
Identify ways to interact with practicing Identify ways to interact with practicing engineersengineers As input to curriculum changeAs input to curriculum change As participants in the educational processAs participants in the educational process As “customers”As “customers”
Body of Knowledge (e.g., ASCE)Body of Knowledge (e.g., ASCE) Alternative: CompetenciesAlternative: Competencies
KnowledgeKnowledge SkillsSkills Ways of thinkingWays of thinking AttitudesAttitudes ExperienceExperience Judgment Judgment CreativityCreativity
May be taught, encouraged, nurtured, illustrated May be taught, encouraged, nurtured, illustrated by example, etc.by example, etc.
NomenclatureNomenclature
Knowledge
UnderstandingApplication
AnalysisSynthesis
Evaluation
Purpose of BOK - ASCEPurpose of BOK - ASCE ASCE recognizes that changes in how (Civil)
engineering is practiced must occur. That change is necessitated by: Globalization; sustainability; emerging technology;
increased complexity, interdisciplinarity Development of an “aspirational” global vision Develop policies to move toward realizing this vision
ASCE Policy 465: MS degree or equivalent is a prerequisite for licensure and professional practice
Implement such policies in part by defining the BOK, Implement such policies in part by defining the BOK, which defines what is required which defines what is required to enter the practice of civil engineering at the professional level (licensure) Combines education and experience Combines education and experience
ASCE VisionASCE Vision Entrusted by society to create a sustainable world and
enhance the global quality of life, civil engineers serve competently, collaboratively, and ethically as master:
planners, designers, constructors, and operators of society’s economic and social engine, the built environment;
stewards of the natural environment and its resources;
innovators and integrators of ideas and technology across the public, private, and academic sectors;
managers of risk and uncertainty caused by natural events, accidents, and other threats; and
leaders in discussions and decisions shaping public environmental and infrastructure policy.
Purpose of BOKPurpose of BOK Provide a strong foundation for further Provide a strong foundation for further
developmentdevelopment A guide for curriculum development and reformA guide for curriculum development and reform Create strong identityCreate strong identity
A guide for employers, future students, societyA guide for employers, future students, society Define needs for Define needs for
BS degreeBS degree LicensureLicensure Lifelong learningLifelong learning
A mechanism to call for specific attributes, e.g., A mechanism to call for specific attributes, e.g., creativity and innovationcreativity and innovation
Enhance recruitmentEnhance recruitment
Potential PitfallsPotential Pitfalls Is a BOK really necessary?Is a BOK really necessary? Should a more in depth discussion of who we are Should a more in depth discussion of who we are
and where we are going precede BOK and where we are going precede BOK development?development?
Much progress has been made in the absence of Much progress has been made in the absence of an explicit BOK; it should not move us backwardsan explicit BOK; it should not move us backwards
Resource constraintsResource constraints FacultyFaculty Faculty workloadFaculty workload Support for new coursesSupport for new courses New evaluation criteriaNew evaluation criteria
Perceived risk of constraining faculty and program Perceived risk of constraining faculty and program creativity, independence of too prescriptivecreativity, independence of too prescriptive
Uniqueness of EnvEngUniqueness of EnvEng Serve public welfare, health, and safety directlyServe public welfare, health, and safety directly Objectives: human and ecosystem healthObjectives: human and ecosystem health
Prevention, improvement, remediation Prevention, improvement, remediation Systems perspectives – interactions and Systems perspectives – interactions and
interfacesinterfaces Engineered systemEngineered system Natural systems processesNatural systems processes Human systems and processesHuman systems and processes
Multi-media and their interfaces & interactionsMulti-media and their interfaces & interactions Complex multi-scale systemsComplex multi-scale systems Global perspectiveGlobal perspective Environmental ethics Environmental ethics Risk: environmental, reliabilityRisk: environmental, reliability
““Systems of systems”Systems of systems”
BOK AttributesBOK Attributes Reflect our responsibility to address grand societal Reflect our responsibility to address grand societal
challenges for compelling intellectual and challenges for compelling intellectual and practical reasonspractical reasons
Prepare students for an unknown futurePrepare students for an unknown future Provide strong fundamentalsProvide strong fundamentals Promote ability to apply principles to new Promote ability to apply principles to new
problemsproblems Promote ability to exploit new opportunitiesPromote ability to exploit new opportunities
Must build on a body of knowledge appropriate for Must build on a body of knowledge appropriate for all engineersall engineers
May be achieved through some combination of BS May be achieved through some combination of BS degree, advanced degrees, experience, life-long degree, advanced degrees, experience, life-long learninglearning
FlexibilityFlexibility Allow for multiple pathways to achieve BOK Allow for multiple pathways to achieve BOK BOK should allow for future growth in the field in BOK should allow for future growth in the field in
ways that we can not imagine at this timeways that we can not imagine at this time Promote expansion into new areasPromote expansion into new areas
BOK should provide a good foundation allowing BOK should provide a good foundation allowing career flexibility outside the fieldcareer flexibility outside the field
Breadth vs DepthBreadth vs Depth Provide an appropriate balance between breadth Provide an appropriate balance between breadth
and depthand depth In science, among engineering disciplines, and In science, among engineering disciplines, and
within environmental engineeringwithin environmental engineering To enable determination of impacts of solutions To enable determination of impacts of solutions
to engineering problems in a variety of domains to engineering problems in a variety of domains Economy, public livelihood, human health, Economy, public livelihood, human health,
ecosystems, and function of the earth’s life ecosystems, and function of the earth’s life support systemssupport systems
Professional PracticeProfessional Practice BOK should address competencies beyond those BOK should address competencies beyond those
required to enter practice or pass PE examrequired to enter practice or pass PE exam Professional practice one of but not the only Professional practice one of but not the only
“next step” in professional development“next step” in professional development
Sustainability Sustainability FrameworkFramework
Goods & ServicesGoods & ServicesImpactsImpacts
Human (Social) SystemHuman (Social) System
Natural (Eco) SystemNatural (Eco) System
Culture/behaviorPolicies, politics, lawIndustry/agricultureEconomicsHistorical context
AtmosphereHydrosphereLithosphere Biosphere
Resource Interactions and Resource Interactions and FeedbackFeedback
Natural CapitalNatural CapitalSocial CapitalSocial Capital
Technological CapitalTechnological Capital
Financial CapitalFinancial Capital
EconomicsEconomics
Natural Sciences(Environmental Science)
Social Sciences & Humanities(Environmental Studies)
Engineering & Applied Sciences(Environmental Engineering)
Will Focht, Oklahoma State University
Systems Perspective and Analysis
Human SystemsCulture/behaviorPolicies, politics, lawIndustry/agricultureEconomicsHistorical context
Natural SystemsAtmosphereHydrosphereLithosphereBiosphereTechnical
Environmental Engineering
Systems
Basic Math/Science• Biology/Ecology• Chemistry• Physics• Earth Science• Stats/prob
impacts
uses
Basic Engrg. Science• Mass/energy/momentum• Fluid mechanics• Thermodynamics• Computation
Tools• Fate and transport• Risk / exposure• Impacts/benefits analysis• Industrial ecology• Env. Chemistry
Skills
communication
experimentation
computation
teamwork
project mgmt
information mgmt
Ways of Thinking
systems thinking
problem solving
design
critical analysis
critical evaluation
Attitudes
role of technology in society
ethics
respect for diversity
respect for democratic
public service
professional service
sustainability
Beyond the FoundationBeyond the Foundation
Importance of CreativityImportance of Creativity
Tough Choices or Tough TimesTough Choices or Tough Times, NCEE Commission on , NCEE Commission on the Skills of the American Workforce the Skills of the American Workforce
Education vs. TrainingEducation vs. Training Training Training How to do How to do
Develop contextual skill for enhancing Develop contextual skill for enhancing immediate immediate productivityproductivity
Education Education How to think and create How to think and create Develop conceptual skill for thinking beyond Develop conceptual skill for thinking beyond
the prevailing paradigmthe prevailing paradigm
Courtesy of Dom Grasso, J. Bordogna, NSF
Importance of a University Importance of a University EducationEducation
Provides basis for creativityProvides basis for creativity Introduces students toIntroduces students to
Major kinds of knowledge Major kinds of knowledge Major forms of inquiry to develop new knowledge Major forms of inquiry to develop new knowledge Different means of analysisDifferent means of analysis
Provides intellectual powerProvides intellectual power Critical thinkingCritical thinking Reasoned judgmentReasoned judgment Ability to engage in the great debates that define Ability to engage in the great debates that define
our timesour times Necessary for analysis and solution of complex Necessary for analysis and solution of complex
problemsproblems
ConclusionsConclusions
Change drivers include globalization; sustainability; emerging technology; increased complexity, interdisciplinarity
BOK should Provide a sustainability framework Promote systems thinking Promote creativity Provide a strong technical background
while recognizing the importance of a university education