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Organized by Hosted by In collaboration with Supported by
Synergies between electric vehicles and solar electricity penetrations in Portugal
Pedro Nunes Miguel C Brito Tiago Farias
19 Nov 2013
Organized by Hosted by In collaboration with Supported by
2/14
Outline
> Contextual framework
> Motivation
> Modelling
> Scenario
> Results
> Wrap-up
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> Portugal is among the best places in Europe to
produce solar electricity
> But that capacity is underused (penetration ≈1%)
Contextual framework
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Contextual framework
> Portugal is a world pioneer in the promotion of the EV
> 1 300 regular charging stations
> 50 fast charging stations
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Contextual framework
0,0
0,5
1,0
1,5
2,0
2,5
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
2005 2015 2025 2035 2045
EV fleet (M
)
PV installed capacity (GW)
PV historical data + EPIAforecast until 2016PV scenario
EV scenario
Line of EPIA Irradition-driven scenario for 2030 (13,92 GW)
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Motivation
> To study the
synergies/interactions
between PV and EV
deployments and the
existing electricity mix in
the Portuguese 2050
load diagram
PV
EV
mix
Load diagram
2050
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Modelling
2011 data collection:
• Electricity demand
• Installed capacities
• Efficiencies
• Distribution profiles
• Annual water supply
• Minimum output levels
Electricity system
model setup for
2011 year
Outputs for
2011 year
Results as
expected? No
Model
adjustement
Model setup under
scenario conditions W/O
EV
Model setup under
scenario conditions WITH
EV
Yes
Outputs:
• Load diagram
• Curtailment
• Shares
• Maximum
feasible
capacities
• Etc.
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2050 Scenario
> Assumptions based on literature, e.g., EU, EPIA,
IEA, PNAER
> Charging profiles considered:
night
morning
working hours
0
0,5
1
1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23
night morning working hours
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Results
> 2050 late April week load diagram, no EV
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
0 6 12 18 0 6 12 18 0 6 12 18 0 6 12 18 0 6 12 18 0 6 12 18 0 6 12 18
GW
Sun excess Wind excess Sun usedWind used Large hydro Run of riverNatural gas Simple load Load + hydropumpHydropump
Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday Monday
18,2% surplus
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Results
> Same week, with EV work shift charging profile
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
0 6 12 18 0 6 12 18 0 6 12 18 0 6 12 18 0 6 12 18 0 6 12 18 0 6 12 18
GW
Sun excess Wind excess Sun usedWind used Large hydro Run of riverNatural gas Simple load Load + hydropump + EVHydropump EV
Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday Monday
12% surplus
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Results
> PV maximum feasible installable capacity as
function of different EV charging time-profiles
15,813,6
15,5
12,1
02468
1012141618
work shift night morning no EV
Maximum feasible PV
installed capacity (GW)
EPIA line for irradition-driven
scenario for 2030 (13,9 GW)
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Results
0
5
10
15
20
0 0,5 1 1,5 2 2,5 3
Energy excess (%)
EV fleet (M)
working hours charge
night charge
> Excess of electricity in the grid as function of the
size of the EV fleet
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Wrap-up
> EV storage capacity allows for the penetration of
solar PV
> Working shift charging profile allows more solar
electricity penetration than other profiles
> Even in a scenario of high penetration of EV in
the national LD vehicles fleet (40%), it was clear
that not all the electricity generation can be
absorbed internally
Organized by Hosted by In collaboration with Supported by
Synergies between electric vehicles and solar electricity penetrations in Portugal
Pedro Nunes Miguel C Brito Tiago Farias
INSTITUTO
DOM LUIZ
19 Nov 2013