Syllabus for Master of Science (MS) in Horticulturedept.ru.ac.bd/cst/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/MSHorticulture_final.pdf · Master of Science (MS) in Horticulture Session: ... Management

Syllabus forMaster of Science (MS) in Horticulture

Session: 2011-2012

First Semester: January-June/2011Second Semester: July-December/2011

Third Semester (Thesis semester): January-June/2012

DEPARTMENT OF CROP SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYFACULTY OF AGRICULTUREUNIVERSITY OF RAJSHAHI

RAJSHAHI-6205

University of RajshahiFaculty of Agriculture

Department of Crop Science and TechnologyM. S. in Horticulture

The mission of Horticulture is to develop and disseminate knowledge throughstudent education leading to the improvement and facilitation of cost effective andprofitable production, post harvest handling and utilization of horticultural commoditiesand services in a concerted effort to conserve natural resources while protecting andenhancing the environment.

Master of Science (M.S.) in Horticulture degree is a one and half years courseconsisting two course semesters and one thesis semester. Each semester comprised of 6courses (4 compulsory and 2 optional) and each course will be of 100 marks. The thesis semesterwill consists of 400 marks. Thus a student will be evaluated for 1600 marks for awarding M. S.degree in Horticulture.

The final examination of 75 marks out of 100 of individual course shall be heldwithin the last month of the semester. The remaining 25 marks shall be distributed asclass test, assignment and attendance of 10, 10, and 05 marks, respectively which alsoshall be held during class hour.

The duration of theoretical examination of 75 marks shall be of 4 hours and of 25 marks asdistributed separately by the concerned course teachers. The medium of studies shall be in Englishas an international language.

The thesis semester: An individual student shall have to conduct a research under thesupervision of teacher nominated by the concerned department and to write a thesis paper. Thethesis will be evaluated for 300 marks. Each student have to present a seminar on his thesis paperfollowed by a viva-voce for 50 marks each.

Courses

Semester: July-December

Postharvest Technology and StorageManagement of Horticultural Crops

Advanced fruit Production andManagement

Ornamental Horticulture and PlantationCrops

Research Methodology

Plant Growth Regulators inHorticulture

Homestead Gardening andAgroforestry

Genetic Engineering andBiotechnology of Horticultural Plants

CompulsoryCourses

OptionalCourses(Any two)

Courses

Semester: January-June

Physiology of Horticultural Crops

Advanced Vegetables and SpicesProduction

Vegetable Crop Management

Advanced Nursery Management

Seed Physiology of HorticulturalCrops

Vegetables Seed Technology

Production and Management ofMedicinal Plants

CompulsoryCourses

OptionalCourses(Any two)

Curriculum for M.S. in HorticultureSemester: January-June

A. Compulsory Courses

Course No. Course Title Credits-8 Marks

Hort. 501 Advanced Vegetables and Spices Production 2 100

Hort. 502 Physiology of Horticultural Crops 2 100

Hort. 503 Vegetable Crop Management 2 100

Hort. 504 Advanced Nursery Management 2 100

Total = 8 400

B. Optional Courses (any two)


Hort. 509 Seed Physiology of Horticultural Crops 2 100

Hort. 510 Vegetables Seed Technology 2 100

Hort. 511 Production and Management of Medicinal Plants 2 100

Total = 4 200

Thesis Semester

Thesis Writing

Seminar Viva voce

Semester: July - December

A. compulsory Courses


Hort.-505 Advanced Fruit Production and Management 2 100

Hort.-506 Post-harvest Technology and Storage Management of

Horticultural Crops

2 100

Hort.-507 Ornamental Horticulture and Plantation Crops 2 100

Hort.-508 Research Methodology 2 100

Total = 8 400

B. Optional Courses (any two)


Hort.- 512 Plant Growth Regulators in Horticulture 2 100

Hort.- 513 Homestead Gardening and Agro-forestry 2 100

Hort.- 514 Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology of Horticultural Plants 2 100

Total = 4 200

Thesis Semester

Credits- 8 Marks

A. Thesis Evaluation 6 300

B. Seminar 1 50

C. Viva-Voce 1 50

Total = 8 400

Grand Total = 32 1600

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Syllabus for M.S. in HorticultureHort. 501: Advanced Vegetable and Spices Production

(Assignment-10, Class Test-10, Attendance-5, Final Exam-75)

1 Ecophysiology of vegetable crops: Effects of temperature, light,air, water and soil on the productivity of vegetable crops. Productiontechnology of potato, sweet potato, carrot, tomato, brinjal, colecrops, cucurbits, beans, onion, radish, lady’s, finger and leafyvegetables in varied environmental factors.

2 Stress physiology of vegetable crops: Water, salinity,temperature, radiation, gaseous toxicity and ionic toxicity affectingvegetable production and their remedies.

3 Advanced propagation technique in vegetable production:Micropropagation and tissue culture. Stages of micro-propagation,factors affecting micropropagation. Meristem culture, axillary shootproliferation, callus culture, adventitious shoot induction,organogenesis, somatic embroygenesis, micrografting, anther culture,ovary culture, in vitro fertilization

4 Vegetable crop improvement: Introduction, selection,hybridization, use of male sterility, heterosis, polyploidy,incompatibility, recombinant DNA technology and protoplast fusion invegetable improvement.

5 Growth regulators in vegetables: Use of growth regulators inpropagation, vegetative growth, flowering, fruiting, seed productionand postharvest management of vegetable crops.

6 Production of non-traditional vegetable crops: Scope, climaticrequirement and production practices of mushroom, Dioscorea (yam),sweet corn, asparagus, red sorrel, drum stick.

7 Vegetable production under special system: Protective croppingsystem, hydroponics and off season vegetable production.

8 Ecophysiology and cultural management of spices:Ecophysiology, varietal characteristics and production practices thefollowing spices crops: Chilli, garlic, black pepper, cumin, coriander,

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turmeric, ginger and Indian cassia

9 Processing and products handling of the following spices: Blackpepper, turmeric and ginger

10 Production and management of minor and prospective spice

crops: Scope, ecophysiology, cultural practices of clove, fenugreek,

aniseed, spear mint, fennel, dill, black cumin, nutmeg and vanilla.

Books Recommended:

1. Audus, L.J. 1963. Plant Growth Substances. Interscience Pub. Co.,New York.

2. Bose, T.K. and M.G. som. 1990. Vegetable Crops in India. NayaProkash, Calcutta, India.

3. Briggs, F.N. and P.F. Kn owles. 1967. Introduction to Plant Breeding.Reinhold Pub. Co., USA.

4. Hagbers, A and E. Akergerg. 1962. Mutation and Polyploidy in PlantBreeding. Beinmann Educational Books Ltd., Lindon.

5. Pruthi, J.S. 1986. Spices and Condiments. National Book Trust, NewDelhi, India.

6. Pureglove, J.W; E. G. Brown; C. L. Green and S.R.J. Robbins. 1981.Spices, Vol. I & I. Longman Group UK Ltc. London.

7. Rashid, M.M. 1999. Sabji biggan (2nd Edition). 94, Rashid Pub.House, Old DOHS, Banani, Dhaka-1206.

8. Sammugavelu, K.G. 1989. Production Technology of VegetableCrops. Oxford & IBH Publishing Co., Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi.

9. Sharfuddin, A.F.M. and M.A. Siddique. 1985. Shabji Biggan. Mrs.Hasina Akther Beauty. E-26/2, Staff Qrt., BAU, Mymensingh.

10. Shery, R.W. 1965. Plants for Man. Prentice Hall, Inc.,Englewood Cifts, New York.

11. Stafford, A, Warren, G. 1991. Plant and Tissue Culture. OpenUniv. Press. Milton Keynes. UK.

12. Tindal, H.D. 1988. Vegetables in the Tropics. McMillan Edn.Ltd. UK.

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Syllabus for M.S. in HorticultureHort. 502: Physiology of Horticultural Crops


1 Phases of crop growth: Juvenile, mature and senescent phasesand their impacts on yield.

2 Resources for crop growth and yield: Light energy, carbondioxide, water and minerals and their interaction and impacts oncrop growth and yield.

3 Analysis of growth and yield: Techniques of analysis of cropgrowth, crop yield, biological and economic yield.

4 Determinants of yield: Specific leaf area, leaf area index, leaf areaduration, crop duration, ability of intercepting solar radiation,efficiency of dry matter production, maintenance respiration cropgrowth rate, relative growth rate, net assimilation rate, lightsaturation and compensation points, leaf orientation andarchitecture, measurement and calculation of the above variables.

5 Dry matter production: Relationship between dry matterproduction at different stages of root and shoot growth, diurnal andseasonal variations in dry matter production in different fruits &vegetable crops.

6 Dry matter partitioning: Source-sink relationship, dry matterpartitioning and storage within the plant, factors affecting dry matterpartitioning, storage and sink activity, physiological causes ofvariations between theoretical and actual levels of dry matterproduction of fruits and vegetable crops.

Book Recommended:

1. Charles-Edwards, D.A. 1982. Physiological Determinants of CropGrowth. Academic Press. New York, London.

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2. Evans, L.T.; Peacock, W.J. and Johnson, C.B. 1981. PhysiologicalProgresses Limiting Plant Productivity. Butterworths. London.

3. Estin, J.D., Haskins, F.A., Sullivan., C.Y. and Bavel, C.HM. Van.1969. Physiological aspects of Crop Yield. ASA and CSSA.

4. Hurd, R.G., Biscoe, P.V. and Dennis. C. 1980. Opportunities forInereasing Crop Yields. Pitman, London.

5. Molthorpe, F.L. and J. Moorby 1979. An Introduction to CropPhysiology 2nd ed., Cambridge University Press. London.

6. Rees, A.R., Cockshull, K.E., Hand, D.W. and Hurd, R.H. 1972. CropProcesses in Controlled Environments. Academic Press. London.

7. Squire, G.R. 1990. The Physiology of Tropical Crop Production. CABInternational. UK.

8. Walpole, P. 1978. Crops and Their Environment. The OpenUniversity Press UK.

9. Wien. W.C. 1997. Physiology of Vegetable Crops. CAB International.N.Y.

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Syllabus for M.S. in HorticultureHort. 503: Vegetable Crop Management


1 i Nutrition of vegetable crops: Concept and meaning ofnutrition, type and sources of nutrients, General function ofmineral elements, nutrient requirements variation invegetable crops, medium of absorption of nutrients,mechanism of mineral absorption and nutrient deficiencysymptom in vegetable crops.

ii Organic farming system: Concept and definition of organicfarming, objectives, maintenance of soil fertility, compositionof different organic manures, preparation of different organicinsecticides.

iii Nutrient Film Technique: Background and definition,principles, advantages and disadvantages, scope, techniqueof NFT cultivation, nutrient concentration, surroundings forNFT’s

2 Water management of vegetable crops: Effects andrequirement at various growth stages of vegetables crops,irrigation scheduling and plant-water relationship; causes ofwaterlogging and its remedies.

3 Vegetable crop management through interculturalpractices: Mulching, weeding, training, pruning, earthing up,artificial pollination.

4 Production and storage of vegetable seeds: Factors affectingproduction of quality seed in the field, irrigations and fertilizerrequirement of vegetable seed crop, factors influencing seeds instorage. Methods of seed storage

5 Intensification and diversification of vegetable crops:Concept, advantages and disadvdntages of planning andadaptation of the systems of intercropping, mixed cropping,multiple cropping and relay cropping in vegetables.

6 Homestead vegetable gardening: Planning and modeling ofkitchen and roof garden for vegetable production.

7 Pest and disease management of vegetable crops:Important insects and diseases, their symptoms and

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management.

Books Recommended:1. Agarwal, R.L. 1980. Seed Technology. Oxford and IBH Publishers,

Delhi.

2. Anonymous, 1995. Vegetable and Spice Production, Hort. Res. AndDev. Project. FAO/ UNDP/ADP Project No. BGD/87 025.

3. Bose, T.K. and M.G. Som. 1990. Vegetable Crops in India. NayaProkash, Calcutta, India.

4. Copeland, L.O. 1976. Principles of Seed Science and Technology.Burgen Publishing Company Minneapolis, Minnesota, U.S.A.

5. Mitra, S,K., T.K. Bose and M.K. Sadhu 1990. Nutrition of VegetableCrops. Naya Prokash, Calcatta, India.

6. Rashid, M.M. 1999. Sabji biggan (2nd Edition). Rashid Pub. House;94, Old DOHS, Banani, Dhaka-1206.

7. Salunkhe, D.K.; B.B. Desai and N.R. Bhatt, 1988. Vegetable andFlower Seed Production. Argicole Publishing Academy, New Delhi.India.

8. Shanmugavelu, K.G. 1989. Production Technology of VegetableCrops. Oxford and IBH Pub. Co. Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi, India.

9. Sharfuddin, A.F.M. and M.A. Siddique. 1985. Shabji Biggan. Mrs.Hasina Akthar Beauty. & 26/2. Staff Qtr. BAU, Mymensingh.

Syllabus for M.S. in HorticultureHort. 504: Advanced Nursery Management


1 Structures of a modern nursery: Establishment and management ofmodern nursery structures-greenhouse, lath house, hotbed, coldframe, storehouse, packinghouse, net house, mist house, orchid house,fernery and rosary; microclimatic manipulations in the nurserystructures.

2 Environmental manipulations in the nursery: Soil, light, water,temperature, humidity, gases, mineral nutrients; hydroponics andclosed-case propagation systems.

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3 Management of nursery beds and container plants: Raising ofnursery plants; media and containers used for growing nursery plants.Management of nursery beds and container plants

4 Collection and management of stock plants: Collection andmaintenance of new clones and disease free clones.

5 Nursery practices: Propagation practices; nurse seed grafting, nurseroot grafting. Methods of handling recalcitrant seeds, Post propagationcares of different nursery plants.

6 Transportation and marketing: Preparation, care and handling ofnursery plant materials for transportation and marketing.

7 Use of growth regulators in the nursery: Use of growth regulatorsin plant propagation practices.

Book Recommended:

1. Boodley, J.W. 1981. The Commercial Greenhouse Handbook. NewYork; USA.

2. Bunt, A.C. 1988. Media and Mixes for Container Grown Plants. (2nd

Ed.). G. Allen & Unwin, London.

3. Davidson, H.,R. Meckienburg, and C. Peterson, 1994. Nurserymanagement: Administration and Culture (3rd ed.). Englewood Cliffs,N.J. Prentice-Hall.

4. Hartmann, H.T., D.E. Dester, F.T. Davies and R.L. Geneve, 1997.Plant Propagation, Principles and Practices (6th Ed.). Prentice-Hall ofIndia Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi.

5. Landis, T.D., R.W. Tinus, S.E. Medonald, and J.P. Barnett. 1989.Seedling Nutrition and Irrigation: The Container Tree NurseryManual Vol. 4 Agril. Handbook. 674. Washington DC, USDA.

6. Landis, T.D., R.W. Tinus, S.E. Medonald, and J.P. Barnett. 1990. TheBilogical Component: Nursery Pests and Mycorrhizae Vol. 5 Agril.Handbook. 674. Washington DC, USDA.

7. Landis, T.D., R.W. Tinus, S.E. Medonald, and J.P. Barnett. 1995.Nursery Planning, Development and Management, Vol. 1 Agril.Handbook. 674. Washington DC, USDA.

Page No. 8

8. Sandini, M.G. 1995. Training Manual of Plant Propagation andNursery Management. HRD Project & DAE Khamarbari, Dhaka.

9. Mondal, M.F. 2000. Nursery and Plant Propagation. (in Bangla).Published by Mrs. Afia Mondal. BAU Campus Mymensingh.

10. Nelson, P.V. 1991. Green house Operation and Management(4th Ed.) Englewood Cliffs, N.J. Prentice-Hall.

Page No. 9

Syllabus for M.S. in HorticultureHort. 505: Advanced Fruit Production and Management


1 Environmental physiology of fruit crops: Environmental factorsaffecting distribution of fruit crops. Ecophysiology related togrowth, development, flowering, fruiting, and productivity ofmango, banana, papaya, citrus, jackfruit, pineapple, litchi, guavaand coconut.

2 Stress physiology of fruit crops: Physiological basis of plantinjury, effects and mechanism of survival during temperature,water, radiation, salt and other environmental stresses.

3 Growth regulator in fruit production: Use of growth regulatorson propagation, growth, development, flowering, fruiting, qualityand post-harvest management of fruit crops.

4 Advanced studies on propagation: Anatomical and physiologicalaspects of propagation by rootage and graftage. Importance,principles and techniques of micropropagation of fruit crops

5 Breeding fruit crops: Importance and methods of breeding;utilization of male sterility, heterosis, somaclonal variation andsomatic hybridization in fruit breeding.

6 Exotic fruits: Importance, morphology, ecophysiology, culture andmanagement of the following fruits: Avocade, cashew nut, grapes,strawberry, macademia nut, mangosteen, rambutan, apple andpear.

7 Minor fruits: Importance, morphology, ecophysiology, culture andmanagement of the minor fruits of Bangladesh.

8 Nutrition of fruit crops: Role of nutrients on fruit crops.Absorption and uptake, deficiency symptoms and nutritionalrequirements of major fruit crops.

9 Water management of fruit crops: Effects and requirements ofwater at various growth stages of fruit crops, irrigation schedulingand plant-water relationship; causes of waterlogging in fruit cropsand its remedies.

10 Orchard floor management: Maintenance of organic matter,

Page No. 10

organic recycling and waste matter management, mulching,intercropping and multiple cropping.

11 Hill fruit management: Hill and slope culture, maintenance of soilfertility, soil and water conservation, contour planting andterracing.

12 Fruit setting and unfruitfulness: Physiology of flowering andfloral bud differentiation. Factors concerned with setting anddevelopment of fruits, unfruitfulness in mango, coconut, papaya,litchi, guava and jackfruit.

13 Off-season production of fruits: Introduction, factor involved inoff-season flowering, care of flowers and fruitlets. Induction of off-season flowering.

14 Pest and disease management of fruit crops: Important insectpest and diseases, their symptoms and management.

Books Recommended:1. Bose, T. K. and S.K. Mitra. 1990. Fruits: Tropical and subtropical.

Naya Prokash, 206 Bidhan Sarani, India.2. Bose, T.K. and S.K. Mitra. 1990. Fruits: Tropical and Subtropical.

Naya Prokash, Calcutta, India.3. Bose, T.K. Mineral Nutrition of Fruit Crops, 1995. Naya Prokash,

Calcutta, India.4. Chadha KL, Reddy BMC & Shikhamany SD. 1989. Pineapple. ICAR,

India.5. Edmond JB, Senn. TL, Andrews FS & Halfacre, R.B. 1995.

Fundamentals of Horticulture. Tata McGraw Hill Pub. New Delhi,India.

6. Georges, B., Jean, M.K. and Roy, M.S. 1991. The Physiology ofFlowering. CRC Press, USA.

7. Hartmann, H.T.; D.E. Kester and F.T. Davies Jr. 1990. PlantPropagation: Principles and Practices. Prentice Hall International Inc,U.S.A.

8. Janick J. 1963. Horticultural Science. W.H. Freeman and Co., U.S.A.9. Levitt, J. 1972. Response of Plants to Environmental Stresses.

Academic Press, NY.10. Mondal, R.C. 1997. Cashew Production and Processing

Technology. Agro Botanica. India.

Page No. 11

11. Nagg, S. and P.E. Shaw. 1980. Tropical and Sub-tropicalFruits; Composition, Properties and Uses. USA.

12. Nijjar, G.S. 1985. Fruit Breeding in India. Oxford & IBHPublishing Co. 66 Janapath, New Delhi.

13. Prashad, S. and U. Kumar. 1999. Principles of Horticulture.Argo Botanica, India.

14. Rao, KM. 1995. Textbook of Horticulture. Macmillan India Ltd.15. Rao, VNM. 1998. Mango ICAR, India.16. Reddy GS & Murti VD. 1996. Citrus: Diseases and Their

Control. ICAR, India.17. Ryugo. K. 1988. Fruit Culture, its Science and Arts. John Wiley

& Sins, NY.18. Salaria AS. 1999. Horticulture at a Glance, Jain Bros. New

Delhi, India.19. Samson, J.A. 1986. Tropical Fruits, Longman Group UK Ltd.20. Singh RN. 1996. Mango, ICAR, India.21. Singh, A 1986. Fruit Physiology and Production. New Delhi,

India.22. Singh, B.D. 1999. Plant Breeding. Kalyani Pub., New Delhi.23. Somson, J.A. 1986. Tropical Fruits. Longman Group UK Ltd.24. Srivastava, RP. 1997. Management of Mango. Intl. Book

Distribution Co. UP, India.25. Srivastava, RP. 1997. Mango: Insect Pest management. Intl.

Book Distribution Co. India.26. Wilkins, M.B. 1989. Advanced Plant Physiology. Longman UK

Ltd.

Syllabus for M.S. in HorticultureHort. 506: Postharvest Technology and Storage Management of

Horticultural Crops(Assignment-10, Class Test-10, Attendance-5, Final Exam-75)

1 Introduction: Concept, Present status and postharvest situation andimprovement of fruits and vegetables in Bangladesh. Concept ofshelf-life, ripening management and dismanagement of ripening andhelath hazards.

2 Quality of fruits and vegetables: Modern concept of quality,criteria determining quality of fruits and vegetables. Factors affecting

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quality of fruits and vegetables.

3 Harvesting and postharvest handling of fruits and vegetables:Maturity, harvesting, cooling, cleaning, sorting, grading, packing,transportation and marketing.

4 Post-harvest physiology of fruits and vegetables: Changesassociated with maturity and ripening, and ethylene production,factors causing physico-chemical changes leading to in fruits andvegetable.

5 Post harvest spoilage: Causes of spoilage and their remedies.Postharvest disorders, diseases, pests and their ways of minimization

6 Technology of storage: Principles, methods of storage andmaintenance of conditions in store houses with particular emphasis onventilated storage, refrigerated storage, CA storage, MA storage,semi-underground and underground storage. Environmentalrequirements for storage of fruits and vegetables.

7 Processing and preservation: Importance, principles andtechniques of processing and preservation of fruits and vegetables.Quality control of processed fruits and vegetables and value addedproducts.Postharvest Management of vegetables, flowers and fruits andmushrooms

8 Curing and ripening structure: Construction of curing and artificialripening houses for fruits and vegetables. Maintenance of micro-climate in created structure. Capacities and costing.

9 Storage structures: Site selection, construction of different aboveground, semi-underground and underground structures includingrefrigerated structure. Capacities and costing.

10 Quarantine house and maintenance: Principles, construction andsanitation. Quarantine treatments and regulations for differenthorticultural products.

11 Storage of fresh fruits and vegetables in Bangladesh: Presentstatus, commercial and traditional technology used in different typesof storage of fruit and vegetables. Refrigerated storage of potato andother important fruits and vegetables.

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12 Postharvest crop activities: Crop wise systematic storage activityschedules for tropical and subtropical fruits and vegetables and theirspecific characteristics for storage.

Books Recommended:1. Champa, B.R., E. Highley, and G.I. Johnson. 1994. Postharvest

Handling Technology for Tropical Fruits. ACIAR Australia.2. FAO. 1998. Fruits and Vegetable Processing. Intl. Book Distribution

Co. UP, India.3. Johnson. G.I. and E. Highley. 1994. Development of Postharvest

Handling Technology for Tropical Fruits. ACIAR Australia.4. Johnson. G.I. and E. Highley. 1994. Development of Technology for

Extension of Shelf life of Tropical Fruits. ACIAR Australia.5. Kader, A. 1992. Postharvest Technology. Pub. No. 3311. Univ. of

California, Div. Of Agriculture and Natural Resources.6. Lal G., Siddappa GS & Tandon GL. 1998. Preservation of Fruits and

Vegetables. ICAR, India.7. Pabtastucim E.B. 1975. Postharvest Physiology, Handling and

Utilization of Tropical and Subtropical Fruits and Vegetables. AVI,Westport, USA.

8. Salunkhe, D.K. and B.D. Desai, 1984. Postharvest Biotechnology ofFruits. Vol. I & II CRC Press. Inc., Boca Raton, Florida.

9. Singh, A. 1986. Fruit Physoilogy and Production. New Delhi.10. Srivastava R.P. & Kumar S. 1998. Fruit and Vegetable

preservation-Principles & Practices. Intl. Book Distribution Co. UP,India.

11. Taj, E.A. 1977. Ecophysiology of Tropical Fruits. London.12. Wills, R.B.H, T.H. Lee, D. Graham, W.B. McGlasson and E.G.

Hall. 1989. Postharvest: An introduction to the Physiology andHandling of Fruits and Vegetables. N.S.W. Australia 2033.

13. Anonymous. 1995. Fruit & Vegetable: Post HarvestManagement and Marketing. Horticulture Research & DevelopmentProject, FAO/UNDP-ADP Project, Bangladesh/87/025.

14. Hossain, M.M. 1993. Potato-Production, Storage and Uses,27/1 North Piver Bagh, Mirpur Dhaka.

15. Liyod Ryall, A. And Pentzer, W.I. 1974. Handling,Transportation and Storage of Fruits and Vegetables. Vol. 2. The AVIPublishing Co. Inc. USA.

16. Salunkhe, D.K. and B.D. Desai. 1984. PostharvestBiotechnology of Fruits. Vol. I & I CRC Press. Inc. Boca Raton,Florida.

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Syllabus for M.S. in HorticultureHort. 507: Ornamental Horticulture and Plantation Crops


1 Production and Management of flowers & ornamental plants:Ecophysiology and commercial production of roses, chrysanthemum,carnation, dahlia, tuberose, gladiolus, marigold, orchids and cacti.

2 Cut flower management: Harvesting, selection and arrangementof flowers. Post harvest change in cut flowers, their handling andmarketing. Techniques of dry flower preparation

3 Special structures of ornamental plants: Arches, pergolas,bonsai and topiary.

4 Turf management: Development and maintenance of lawn with turfgrass.

5 Landscape horticulture and its design: Concept and definition,objectives and categories of landscape horticulture, Landscapedesign: landscape professonals, elements of design, principles ofdesign, landscape planning for different places (residential and non-residential landscape) scope and importance of landscape gardeningin Bangladesh.

6 Exhibition of ornamental plants: Preparation and managementfor flower show and garden competition.

7 Ecophysiology and cultural management of plantation crops:Ecophysiology, varietals characteristics and production practices thefollowing spices and plantation crops: Rubber, tea, coffee, oil palm,cocoa, betel nut, betel leaf and bamboo.

8 Processing and products handling of the following plantationcrops: Rubber, tea, coffee, oil palm, cocoa and bamboo.

Books Recommended:1. Bose, T.K. and L.P. Yadav. 1989. Commercial Flowers. Naya

prakash. Calcutta. India.

2. Bose, T.K. Tropical Garden Plants. Naya Prokash, Calcutta, India.

3. Gorley, R.H.V; J.J Hardon and B.J. Wood. 1976. Oil Palm Research.Elsevier Scientific Pub. Co., Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

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4. Grindal, E.W. 1960. Everyday Gardening in India. D.A Tara, PorevalaSons & Co. Bombay.

5. Kuck and Tongg. 1960. The Modern Tropical Garden. Tongg Pub.Co., Honolulu, Hawai, USA.

6. Laurie, A. D. C. Kiplinger and K. S. Nelson. 1979. CommercialFlower Forcing. McGraw Hill Co., New York.

7. Nartler, A.N. 1962. The Garden in the Plains. Oxford UniversityPress, London.

8. Opeke, L.K. 1982. Tropical Tree Crops. John Wiley and Sons. NewYork.

9. Polhamus, L.G. 1962. Rubber: Botany, Production and Cultivation.Leonard Hill, London.

10. Rashid, M.M. 1990. Cultivation of Flowers (in Bangla). BanglaAcademy, Dhaka.

11. Shery, R.W. 1965. Plants for Man. Prentice Hall, Inc.,Englewood Cifts, New York.

12. Stuart O. and H. Raymore. 1962. Colour and Design for EveryGarden. M Barrows and Company.

Syllabus for M.S. in HorticultureHort. 508: Research Methodology


1 Identification and prioritization of research area: Guidelines,planning and development of horticultural research projects and theirevaluation.

2 Statistical procedures for horticultural crops: Field plottechniques, Comparison among means and Correlation and regressionanalyses

3 Presentation and interpretation of experimental results:Scientific report writing: Types of scientific reports, Contents ofscientific reports and Techniques of presentation

4 Design of experiments and analysis of data: CompletelyRandomized Design, Randomized Block Design, Latin Square Designand Factorial Experiments: Single factor experiment, Experiment with

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2-Levelled Factors, 22-factorials Experiment, Split Plot Design andSplit-split Plot Design. Analysis of variance, comparison of means byLSD and DMRT. Computer package program for analysis ofexperimental data (MSTAT-C, SPSS etc.)

5 Horticultural Research in Bangladesh: Horticultural research anddevelopment systems in different organizations of Bangladesh, visit ofactivities renown research project of different organizations.

Books Recommended:1. Anonymous. 1977. A Handbook for Research Report Writing. College

of Education, Univ. of the Philippines. 93. p.2. Anonymous. 1964. Style Manual for Biological Journals. American

Institute of Biological Sciences, Washington, D.C. 117 p.3. Gomez, K.A. and A.A. Gomex. 1984. Statistical Procedures for

Agricultural Research. (2nd Ed.), John Wiley & Sons, New York. 680p.

4. Little, T.M. and F.J. Hills. 1978. Agricultural Experimentation: Designand Analysis. John Wiley and Sons, New York. 350 P.

5. Siddique, M.A. 1985. Practical Aspects of Thesis Writing. Mrs. HenaSiddique, BAU, Mymensingh. 36 p.

6. Steel, R.G.D. and J.H. Torrie. 1960. Principles and Procedures ofStatistics with Special Reference to the Biological Sciences. McGrawHill Book Co., Inc. New York.

7. Zaman, S.M.H.; K. Rahim and M. Howladar, 1982. Simple Lessionfrom Biometry. Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Joydebpur,Dhaka.

Syllabus for M.S. in HorticultureHort. 509: Seed Physiology of Horticultural Crops


1 Introduction to seed physiology: Concept; horticultural seed andits types; seed physiology in relation to the seeds of horticulturalcrops.

2 Seed formation and maturation process: Flower induction,initiation, anthesis, microsporogenesis, megasporogenesis,fertilization; embryo development; filling of the grains in monocot;establishment of cotyledon reserves in dicots; energy supply in

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maturing seeds; hormone and seed development.

3 The structure and chemical component of seed: Seed structure;carbohydrates; lipids; proteins; other components.

4 Seed viability, germination and metabolism in germinatingseed: Concept of seed viability; testing of viability; seed germination;factors affecting seed germination; changes in storage products duringgermination; breakdown and metabolism of storage products andsynthesis of nucleic acid and proteins; respiration.

5 Seed dormancy: Importance; type of dormancy; causes andbreaking of dormancy; hormonal regulation of dormancy.

6 Stimulation of seed germination: Concept; importance ofgermination stimulation; chemical stimulation of seed germination;priming of seeds; and other methods of enhancing seed germination.

Books Recommended:

1. Copeland, L.P. 1988. Principles of Seed Science and Technology.First Indian Report. Burgen Publishering Company, U.S.A.

2. Hartman, H.T.; D.E. Kester and F.T. Davies. 1990. Plant PropagationPrinciples and Practices. Prentice Hall International Education Inc.New York, USA.

3. Heydecker, W. 1973. Seed Ecology. Butter Worths. London.

4. Kham, A.A. 1978. The Physiology and Biochemistry of SeedDormancy and Germination. Elsiviers, North Holland. BiomedicalProg., Amsterdam. The Netherlands.

5. Mayer, A.M. and A Poljakoff-Mayber, 1975. The Germination ofSeeds. Pergamon Press.

6. Roberts, E.H. 1974. Viability of Seeds. Champan and Hall Ltd.,London.

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7. USDA. 1961. Seed-The Year Book of Agriculture.

8. Wareing, P.F. and I.D.J. Phillips. 1976. The Control of Growth andDifferentiation in Plants. Pergamon Press Ltd., Headington Hill,Oxford, England.

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Syllabus for M.S. in HorticultureHort. 510: Vegetable Seed Technology


1 Functions of a seed industry: Seed technology: concept anddefinition, Breeding and variety assessment, growing of seed crops,processing of seed, marketing of seed, legislative control, quarantine,seed extension.

2 Development of the seed industry in Bangladesh: Development ofvegetable seed industry in the public and private sectors inBangladesh; background, present status, scope and opportunities.

3 Classes of vegetable seeds: Classes of quality seeds, requirementsfor foundation and certified seeds, operations for essential to a seedindustry, seed standard. medium seed standard for vegetable seeds

4 Seed quality and its control: Modern concepts of seed quality;characteristics of good seed; field inspection, seed testing, seedcertification.

5 Harvesting and processing of vegetable seeds: Introduction,classes of vegetable seed crops, harvesting: methods of harvesting,shattering, lodging, threshing and protection, seed processing: drying,cleaning and grading, testing, bagging and labelling.

6 Hybrid vegetable seed production technology: General principles;hybrid seed production technology for tomato, brinjal, onion, TPS andcucurbitaceous vegetables; present status and future prospects.

7 Organized production and marketing of vegetable seeds inBangladesh: Contract growing, import and marketing of vegetableseeds including seed potatoes in the pubic and private sectors. Agri-business opportunities in vegetable seeds

8 Seed policy and seed rules: National seed policy and seed rules;responsibilities and activities of the seed related institutes,organizations, agencies and projects.

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Books Recommended:1. Agrawal, R.L. 1980. Seed Technology. Oxford & IBH Publishing Co.,

New Delhi, India. 685 p.2. AVRDC. 1996. Vegetable Crops Agribusiness. AVRDC, Shanhua,

Taiwan. 223 p.3. Copeland, L.O. 1976. Principles of Seed Science and Technology.

Burgess Publishing Company, USA.4. George, R.A.T. 1980. Technical Guidelines for Vegetable Seed

Technology. FAO, Rome.5. Huda, M.N. and M. Samiruddin. 1988. Vegetable Seed Technology in

Bangladesh. Vegetable Seed Project, BADC, Dhaka, 280 p.6. Hussain, M.M. 1995. Seed Production and Storage Technology (in

Bengali). Meer Imtiaz Hossain, Mirpur, Dhaka. 520 p.7. Rashid, M.M., M.A. Siddique and M.M. Hussain (ed.). 1990. Seed

Potato in Bangladesh. BNSMP-BADC, Dhaka. 240 P.8. Rashid, M.A. and D.P. Singh. 2000. A Manual on Vegetable Seed

Production in Bangladesh. AVRDC-USAID-Bangladesh Project, BARI,Joydebpur.

9. Roberts, E.H. (ed.). 1974. Viability of Seeds. Chapman and Hall Ltd.,London.

10. Salunkhe, D.K., B.B. Desai and N.R. Bhat. 1988. Vegetableand Flower Seed Production. Argicole Publishing Academy, NewDelhi, India. 486 p.

11. SCA. 1998. Seed Testing Manual. Strengthening SeedCertification Agency Project, Seed Certification Agency, Gazipur. 304p.

12. Singh, B. D. 1997. Plant Breeding: principles and practices.Kalyani Publishers, New dilhi, India.

Syllabus for M.S. in HorticultureHort. 511: Production and Management of Medicinal Plants


1 Introduction: History, importance and distribution, classification and

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nomenclature of medicinal plants.

2 Characteristics, cultivation and management practices of thefollowing medicinal plants: Garlic, camphor, peacock flower,ringworm bush, periwinkle, sweet potato, ixora, pepper mint, sensitiveplants, balsam apple, moringa, tongon, guava, quisqualis, almond,tinospora, vernaria, vitex, ginger, colchicin, feula, jostirodhm,podophyllum, sarpa gandha, rubrab, anantamul, ulatchandal,ulatkombal, asparagus, apang, kalomegh, akanda, arnica, quinine,devil’s tree, arjun, fig, cinnamon, hortoki, bohera, aonla, shetchandan,bellodona, datura, ajwan, digitalis, verticillaster, gritakumari,thankuni, muktajhuri, nishinda, gandha bradal, clove, croton, papaver,nux vomica, neem, fenugreek, chirata, saffron, colocynth, lemon,tamarind, bael, cardamon, coriander, aniseed, caraway

3 Use of plant parts as medicine: Fresh and dry plants used asmedicine, methods of use, disease control.

4 Extracts prepared from medicinal plants: Different medicinalextracts-alkaloid, essential oils, glycosides, active constituents, latex,organic acid, pigments, resins, tannins, vitamin and enzymes, waxes-their properties, preparation and preservation, use for control ofdiseases.

5 Products prepared from medicinal plant: Decocting, infusion,syrup, drops, injection, cream, mixture, powder, poultice orcataplasm, ointments, extract, tablet, juice, liniment, tincture,aromatic water, elixir, lotion, medicated vinegar, spirit, plaster andwash-preparation and preservation, use for control of diseases.

Books Recommended:1. Azad, M.A.K. 1994. Arthonaytic Udvidbidya (Economic Botany).

Bangla Academy.

2. Basu, B.D. 1980. Indian Medicinal Plants. Plates, Part IV, BisenSingh, Mohendra Pal Singh, Dehradun, India.

3. Chanchalowe, N. 1993. Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Constitionsand Utilization in Asia. Proc. Medicinal and Aromatio Plants in Asia.FAO/RAPA Publication, Maliwan Mansion, Bangkok, Thailand.

4. Daster, J.F. 1990. Medicinal Plants of India and Pakistan. UPL Ltd.

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5. De Padua, L.S. 1989. Herbal Medicine and Generies, UPLB, College,Manila, Phillipine.

6. De Padua, L.S. 1990. Some Medicinal Plants for Common Ailments.UPLB=TCRC, No. 14.

7. Ghani, A. 1995. Bheshaja Bignan (in Bangla). Bangla Academy,Dhaka.

8. Hassan, A. 1994. Bangladesher Veshoje Udvid. Bangla Academy,Dhaka.

9. Jain, S. K. 1980. Medicinal Plants. ELBS Pubs.

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Syllabus for M.S. in HorticultureHort. 512: Plant Growth Regulators in Horticulture


1 Classification of plant growth regulators: Plant growth regulators(PGR), hormone, phytohormone, growth retardants, synergistic,antagonists and epinastic.

2 Mode of action of PGRs: Biochemical nature and structure of PGRsbiological activities, site of biosynthesis, transport, accumulation,influence on nucleic acid and protein metabolisms. Gene expressionand secondary messenger hypothesis. Physiological actions ofdifferent PGRs on plants.

3 PGRs on plant growth, development and advanced propagationsystems: Plant height control, apical and lateral dominance,prolonging cut flower life, bud dormancy, sprouting,micropropagation, differentiation, regeneration, organogenesis andmorphogenesis.

4 Organ and fruit formation: Plant growth regulators in development,parthenocarpy, fruit size, pruning and fruit thinning, control ofbiennial bearing, abscission, fruit ripening, senescence of plant parts,shelf life, tuberization, sex expression, male sterility.

5 Actions on biotic and abiotic factors: Resistance to salt, drought,low temperature, lodging, insect pest and disease.

6 Herbicidal activities: Application methods and concentrations.

7 Preparation and methods of application: Preparation andmethods of application, trade names and formulations of commonlyused PGRs with their specific uses horticultural crops.

Books Recommended:1. Audus, L.J. 1963. Plant Growth Substances. Interscience Pub. Co.,

New York.

2. Bhujball, H.B. 1999. Plant Hormones, Int. Book Distr, Co. U.P.,India.

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3. Bose T.K., S.K. Mitra and M.K. Sadhu. 1986. Propagation of Tropicaland Subtropical Horticultural Crops. Naya Prokash, 206 BidhanSarani, Calcutta-6, India.

4. Hartmann, H.T.; D.E. Kester and F.T. Davies Jr. 1990. PlantPropagation: Principles and Practices. Prentice Hall International Inc.

5. Janick J. 1963. Horticultural Science. W.H. Freeman and Co.Leopold, A.C. and P.E. Kriedman.

6. Prashad S. and Kumar, U. 1999. Principles of Horticulrure. AgroBotanica Pub. Bikaner, India.

7. Randhawa G.S. and Mukhopadhyay A. 1994. Floriculature of India.Allied Pub. New Delhi, India.

8. Ryugo K. 1988. Fruit Culture-its Science and Art. John Wiley andSons. New York.

9. Weaver, R.J. 1972. Plant Growth Substances in Agriculture. Freemanand Co. New Delhi, India.

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Syllabus for M.S. in HorticultureHort. 513: Homestead Gardening and Agroforestry


1 Gardening: Concept and meaning, general principles of gardening,watering, planting, transplanting, potting, repotting, shading, stalking,syringing and off season attention.

2 Garden Design: Concept and definition of landscape gardening,architecture and design; fundamental principles of garden design;management rock, Bog and wild gardens.

3 Homestead Agroforestry of Bangladesh: Introduction, Scope andimportance, Components of homestead agroforestry of rural and urbanarea, regional differences in respect of soil type, topography of land,flooding and natural vegetation. Research and development ofAgroforestry in Bangladesh.

4 Homestead gardening: Concept, objectives-social and aesthetic,economic, nutritional, food, crop diversification, utilization ofhomestead and female labor.

5 Establishment and management of homestead agroforestry:a. Species selection according to growth habit, use, agro-ecological

zones, soil strata, profitability and component combinations.b. Principles, planning and layout;c. Planting and care of fruit and other trees;d. Management of kitchen garden;e. Development and maintenance of a homestead nursery.

6 Homestead agroforestry practice: Definition and example ofhomestead practices, multi-layer tree garden, multiple cropping,multipurpose trees on crop lands, plantation, shelterbelt, windbreaks,soil conservation and water shed management.

7 Production and management of multipurpose trees (MPTs):Productive and service roles of MPTs; biological characterization ofMPTs and crops; morphology, phenology, physiology, eco-physiology ofMPTs; Genetic evaluation, selection and choice of MPTs and crop; seedcollection and storage.

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8 Nutrient recycling in component systems: Dynamics of cropresidues, animal waste, coppicing, nitrogen fixation, etc.

Books Recommended:

1. Abedin, A.Z.; C. K. Lai and M.D. Ali. 1990. Homestead Plantationand Agroforestry in Bangladesh. BARI and Winrock International.

2. Dwivedi, A.P. 1992. Argoforestry. Principles and Practices. Oxfordand IBH Pub. New Delhi, India.

3. Douflas, J.J. 1982. Consumption and supply of wood and Bamboo inBangladesh. Field Document No. 2. UNDP FAO project BGD/78/010,Dhaka.

4. Lai, C.K. ed. 1987. Participatory Forestry in Bangladesh: Concept,Experience and Recommendation, Dhaka.

5. Nair, P.K.R. 1983. Intensive Multiple Cropping with Coconuts inIndia. Verlag Paul Parey, Berlin and Hamburg.

6. UNICEF. 1981. Home Graden: Handbook for People PromotingGardening in the Humid Tropics. New York, UN.

7. Yang, Y.H. 1976. Home Gardens as a Nutrition Interventions,League for International Food Science, UN.

8. Bose, T. K. and D. Mukherje. 1995. Gardening in India, Oxford &IDH Publisher Co. PVT. LTD. New Dilhi. India.

Syllabus for M.S. in HorticultureHort. 514: Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology of Horticultural

Plants(Assignment-10, Class Test-10, Attendance-5, Final Exam-75)

1 Introduction to biotechnology: Importance, prospects, possibilitiesand limitations of biotechnology in horticulture.

2 Laboratory facilities and culture media: Basic organization andfacilities, asepsis, controlled environment, media composition, growthregulators.

3 Plant regeneration: Tissue differentiation, cytodifferentiation,organogenesis, somatic embryogenesis. Regeneration of potato,

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papaya, banana, orchid, Allium, thuja, and other importanthorticultural orops.

4 Different tissue culture techniques: Anther, pollen, ovule, ovaryculture; production and utilization of haploid in vegetable crops.Embryo culture of orchid and embryo rescue of cruciferousvegetables. Virus elimination and clean seed production of potato,sweet potato, yam, ginger, turmeric and culture of protoplast, somaticand cytoplasmic hybridization in potato, papaya, cruciferousvegetables.

5 Genetic engineering for horticultural Crops: Cloning vehicles andstrategies, restriction, digestion, ligation, genomic and cDNA libraryscreening, isolation of genomic DNA and RNA from papaya, potato,tomato, plasmid DNA isolation isolation, DNA sequencing. Use of DNAmarkers viz. RFLP, AFLP and RAPD in vegetables and fruits forgenomic analysis. Gene transfer techniques and its detection throughmolecular techniques (Southern, Northern and Western blotting andPCR) and bioassay. Transfer of Bt, virus resistant and salinity anddrought tolerant genes in papaya potato, tomato, brinjal, okra andother important horticultural crops.

Books Recommended:1. Bajaj, Y.P.S. 1986 Biotechnology in Argiculture and Forestry.

Martinus Nijhof Pub., The Netherlands.2. Bilgrami, K.S. and A.R. Pandey. 1992. Introduction to

Biotechnology. CBS Publishers and Distributors, New Delhi.3. De, K.K. 1992. An Introduction to Plant Tissue Culture. New Central

Book Agency, Calcutta.4. Gamborg O.L and G.C. Phillips. 1995. Plant Cell Tissue and Organ

culture Fundamental Methods. Springer Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.5. Gatechouse A.M.R., V.A. Hider and D. Boulter. 1992. Plant Genetic

Manapulation for Crop Improvement. CAB International, UK.6. George, E.F. and P.D. Sherrington. 1994. Plant Progatation by

Tissue culture. Exegetics Limited, UK.7. Gupta, P.K. 1998. Elements of Biotechnology. Rastogi Publications,

Shivaji Rd. Menul.8. Hammerschlag, F.A. and R.E. Litz. 1992. Biotechnology of Perennial

Fruit Crops. CAB Internation, UK.9. Mantell, S.H. and H. Smith. 1986. Plant Biotechnology. Cambridge

Univ. Press.

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10. Mantell, S.H., Z.A. Matthews and R.A. Mekee. 1985. Principlesof Plant Biotechnology. An Introduction to Genetic Engineering inPlants. Blackweel Scientific Publications UK.

11. Reinert, J. and Y.P.S. Bajaj 1992. Applied and FundamentalAspects of Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture. Narosa PublishingHouse, New Delhi.

12. R.L.M Pierik, 1997. In vitro Culture of Higher plants. KluwerAcademic publisher The Netherland.

13. Sambrook J, E.F. Fritsch and T. Manbalis. 1989. MolecularCloning A Laboratory Manual. Cold Spring Thrbor Lab. Press, USA.

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