Switching and routing protocol

Spanning Tree Protocol is the switching protocol implemented in the motorcycle company network. Spanning Tree Protocol is a layer 2 protocol which runs on bridges and switches. STP is a Layer 2 protocol that runs on bridges and switches. Spanning Tree Protocol has the specification of IEEE 802. This is used to avoid redundant paths and loops occurring in networkThe main purpose of STP is used by switches to prevent loops occurring on a network and redundant paths in network. For an example, blocking ports and disabling unwanted links. Especially these Local Area Network cables are designed to Loops and duplicate frames can have critical consequences on a network. Most of the LANs are designed to provide duplication so another can change the forwarding across the LAN when a link fails.

Each switch port on a network has the possibility of detecting the MAC address. Then it will send a message to inform other networks saying the knowledge of getting towards a particular network. The main problem is when another switch comes across the same hosts Media Access Control address. At this moment messages will be passing around through switches to the same host. Moreover there is a standard of STP that gives a higher performance of the network. STP creates only one path between every destinations and block paths to create loops in the network. Then to stop loop forming STP will select switch as Root Bridge and the other switchers will select one of its port as a root port. This happens after the port is selected. //http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/support/docs/lan-switching/spanning-tree-protocol/5234-5.html///

Spanning tree protocol is a layer 2 protocol passes on bridges and switchesWhen one that root switch is identified per-VLAN. And the root switch Identification, these switches follow to these rules:

Rule 1 : all ports of the root switch must be in forwarding mode.Rule 2 : The root port must be fixed to forwarding mode.Rule 3: In one LAN section, the port of the assigned switch that join with that LAN portion must be set in sending mode.Rule 4: All the other ports in all the switches (VLAN- specific) must be placed in blocking mode. The rule only applies to ports that connect to other bridges or switches. STP does not affect ports that connect to workstations or PCs. These ports remain forwarded.

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Routing protocol

The motorcycle company is applying Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) as the routing protocol. Mainly this reduces the loops that troubles when a network is working. More over this benefits routing protocol that reduce bandwidth usage

Interior and Exterior Routing Protocols

Routing information protocols (RIP)(RIP) is a dynamic protocol that finds the path from source to destination over a network by using a routing metric/hop count algorithm. This is used to identify the shortest way from the source to destination, this allows the data to be delivered high speed in a shortest time./// http://www.techopedia.com/definition/24846/routing-information-protocol-rip//

Interior gateway routing protocol (IGRP)Interior Gateway Routing Protocol is a proprietary distance vector routing protocol. This is used to have connection with routing and sending information through host network. Its an invention by Cisco. Interior Gateway Routing Protocol manages the movement of routing information contained by routers in the host network. The protocol safeguards every router that has routing tables reorganized with the best existing path. More over this avoids routing loops by updating itself with the changes occurring over the network and by error management.

. Open shortest path first (OSPF)This used in an internet protocol. Moreover it has a link that shows the routing protocol and includes into the interior gateway protocol Open shortest path first runs in a separate system. This system is mostly used in large companies.

Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP)

This is an obsolete routing protocol which is used for exchanging data between gateways. Exterior Gateway Protocol is firstly stated inRFC827 and specified in RFC904 in the year of 1984. EGP is not like a distance vector and path protocol. But its a topology just like a tree

//http://www.techopedia.com/definition/6987/exterior-gateway-protocol-egp//

Enhanced interior gateway routing protocol (EIGRP)EIGRP is an improvement of Interior gateway routing protocol although its a Cisco property routing protocol this is a distance-Vector Protocol.

Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) This routing protocol is used to transferring data and information between different host gateways.

Border Gateway Protocol is a Path Vector Protocol (PVP). This maintains paths to different hosts. Moreover, between networks and gateway routers. This controls the routing decision based on those. It doesnt use IGP metrics for routing decisions. But only decides the route based on rule sets. In most of the times Border Gateway Protocols described as a reachability protocol

This maintains its routing table with topologies with connecting networks externally BGP was made to extend and replace (EGP).

// http://www.techopedia.com/definition/6193/border-gateway-protocol-bgp///

Intermediate System-to-Intermediate System (IS-IS)This is used by network devices to identify the suitable way to promote data gram from a side to side packed switch network. This was defined as IOS/IEC 10589 2002 within IOS reference design. Intermediate System-to-Intermediate System differentiate among level 1 and 2