SVENSK STANDARD SS-EN ISO 148-1:2016

SVENSK STANDARD

Fastställd/Approved: 2016-11-29Publicerad/Published: 2016-12-06Utgåva/Edition: 2Språk/Language: engelska/EnglishICS: 77.040.10

SS-EN ISO 148-1:2016

Metalliska material – Slagprovning med Charpypendel – Del 1: Provningsmetod (ISO 148-1:2016)

Metallic materials – Charpy pendulum impact test – Part 1: Test method (ISO 148-1:2016)

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Europastandarden EN ISO 148-1:2016 gäller som svensk standard. Detta dokument innehåller den officiella engelska versionen av EN ISO 148-1:2016.

Denna standard ersätter SS-EN ISO 148-1:2010, utgåva 1.

The European Standard EN ISO 148-1:2016 has the status of a Swedish Standard. This document contains the official English version of EN ISO 148-1:2016.

This standard supersedes the Swedish Standard SS-EN ISO 148-1:2010, edition 1.

Denna standard är framtagen av kommittén för Mekanisk provning, SIS / TK 123.

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EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM

EN ISO 148-1 November 2016

ICS 77.040.10 Supersedes EN ISO 148-1:2010English Version Metallic materials - Charpy pendulum impact test - Part 1: Test method (ISO 148-1:2016) Matériaux métalliques - Essai de flexion par choc sur éprouvette Charpy - Partie 1: Méthode d'essai (ISO 148-1:2016) Metallische Werkstoffe - Kerbschlagbiegeversuch nach Charpy - Teil 1: Prüfverfahren (ISO 148-1:2016)

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 20 August 2016. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey andUnited Kingdom.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION C O M I T É E U R O P É E N D E N O R M A L I S A T I O N E U R O P Ä I S C H E S K O M I T E E F Ü R N O R M U N G CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels

© 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 148-1:2016 E


1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 12 Normative references ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 13 Termsanddefinitions ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

3.1 Definitions pertaining to energy .............................................................................................................................................. 13.2 Definitions pertaining to test piece ....................................................................................................................................... 2

4 Symbols and abbreviated terms ........................................................................................................................................................... 25 Principles of the test ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 36 Test pieces ................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 3

6.1 General ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 36.2 Notch geometry ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 4

6.2.1 V-notch ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 46.2.2 U-notch ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 4

6.3 Tolerance of the test pieces .......................................................................................................................................................... 46.4 Preparation of the test pieces..................................................................................................................................................... 46.5 Marking of the test pieces .............................................................................................................................................................. 4

7 Test equipment....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 47.1 General ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 47.2 Installation and verification ........................................................................................................................................................ 57.3 Striker ............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 5

8 Test procedure ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 58.1 General ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 58.2 Friction measurement ...................................................................................................................................................................... 58.3 Test temperature ................................................................................................................................................................................... 68.4 Specimen transfer ................................................................................................................................................................................ 78.5 Exceeding machine capacity ....................................................................................................................................................... 78.6 Incomplete fracture ............................................................................................................................................................................ 78.7 Test piece jamming .............................................................................................................................................................................. 88.8 Post-fracture inspection.................................................................................................................................................................. 8

9 Test report ................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 89.1 Mandatory information ................................................................................................................................................................... 89.2 Optional information ......................................................................................................................................................................... 8

Annex A (informative) Self-centring tongs ..................................................................................................................................................12Annex B (informative) Lateral expansion.....................................................................................................................................................13Annex C (informative) Fracture appearance .............................................................................................................................................16Annex D (informative) Absorbed energy vs. temperature curve and the transition temperature ...19Annex E (informative) Measurement uncertainty of an absorbed energy value, K ..........................................21Bibliography .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................29

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Contents Page

European foreword ....................................................................................................................................................... 3

SS-EN ISO 148-1:2016 (E)


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European foreword

This document (EN ISO 148-1:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 164 “Mechanical testing of metals” in collaboration with Technical Committee ECISS/TC 101 “Test methods for steel (other than chemical analysis)” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.

This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2017, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2017.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

This document supersedes EN ISO 148-1:2010.

According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.

Endorsement notice

The text of ISO 148-1:2016 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 148-1:2016 without any modification.

SS-EN ISO 148-1:2016 (E)



Metallic materials — Charpy pendulum impact test —

Part 1: Test method

1 Scope

This part of ISO 148 specifies the Charpy (V-notch and U-notch) pendulum impact test method for determining the energy absorbed in an impact test of metallic materials. This part of ISO 148 does not cover instrumented impact testing, which is specified in ISO 14556.

Annexes B and C are based on ASTM E23 and are used with the permission of ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, USA.

2 Normative references

The following referenced documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

ISO 148-2, Metallic materials — Charpy pendulum impact test — Part 2: Verification of testing machines

ISO 286-1, Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — ISO code system for tolerances on linear sizes — Part 1: Basis of tolerances, deviations and fits

3 Termsanddefinitions

For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.

3.1 Definitionspertainingtoenergy

3.1.1initial potential energypotential energyKppotential energy of the pendulum hammer prior to its release for the impact test, as determined by direct verification

3.1.2absorbed energyKenergy required to break a test piece with a pendulum impact testing machine, after correction for friction

Note 1 to entry: The letter V or U is used to indicate the notch geometry, that is: KV or KU. The number 2 or 8 is used as a subscript to indicate the radius of the striker, for example KV2.

3.1.3nominal initial potential energynominal energyKNenergy assigned by the manufacturer of the pendulum impact testing machine

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SS-EN ISO 148-1:2016 (E)


3.2 Definitionspertainingtotestpiece

3.2.1widthWdistance between the notched face and the opposite face

Note 1 to entry: See Figure 1.

Note 2 to entry: In previous versions of the ISO 148 series (prior to 2016), the distance between the notched face and the opposite face was specified as “height”. Changing this dimension to “width” makes this part of ISO 148 consistent with the terminology used in other ISO fracture standards.

3.2.2thicknessBdimension perpendicular to the width and parallel to the notch


Note 2 to entry: In previous versions of the ISO 148 series (prior to 2016), the dimension perpendicular to the width that is parallel to the notch was specified as “width”. Changing this dimension to “thickness” makes this part of ISO 148 consistent with the terminology used in other ISO fracture standards.

3.2.3lengthLlargest dimension perpendicular to the notch


4 Symbols and abbreviated terms

The symbols and designations applicable to this part of ISO 148 are indicated in Tables 1 and 2, and are illustrated in Figure 2.

Table 1 — Symbols and their unit and designation

Symbol Unit DesignationB mm thickness of test pieceα ° angle of fall of the pendulumβ1 J or ° angle of rise when the machine is operated in the normal manner without a test

piece in positionβ2 J or ° angle of rise when the machine is operated in the normal manner without a test

piece in position and without resetting the indication mechanismL mm length of test piece

LE mm lateral expansionK J absorbed energy (expressed as KV2, KV8, KU2, KU8, to identify specific notch geome-

tries and the radius of the striking edge)K1 J or ° indicated absorbed energy when the machine is operated in the normal manner

without a test piece in positionK2 J or ° indicated absorbed energy when the machine is operated in the normal manner

without a test piece in position and without resetting the indication mechanismKN J or ° nominal initial potential energyKp J initial potential energy (potential energy)

KV2 J absorbed energy for a V-notch test piece using a 2 mm striker

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SS-EN ISO 148-1:2016 (E)


Symbol Unit DesignationKV8 J absorbed energy for a V-notch test piece using a 8 mm strikerKU2 J absorbed energy for a U-notch test piece using a 2 mm strikerKU8 J absorbed energy for a U-notch test piece using an 8 mm striker

M N·m moment equal to the product F·l2

p J absorbed energy loss caused by pointer frictionp’ J absorbed energy loss caused by bearing friction and air resistancepβ J correction of absorbed energy losses for an angle of rise β

SFA % shear fracture appearanceTt °C transition temperatureW mm width of test piece

Tt27 °C transition temperature defined at a specific value of absorbed energy; for example, 27 J

Tt50 %US °C transition temperature defined at a particular percentage of the absorbed energy of the upper shelf; for example, 50 %

Tt50 %SFA °C transition temperature defined at a particular proportion of shear fracture; for example, 50 %

Tt0,9 °C transition temperature defined at a particular amount of lateral expansion; for example, 0,9 mm

5 Principles of the test

This test consists of breaking a notched test piece with a single blow from a swinging pendulum, under the conditions defined in Clauses 6, 7 and 8. The notch in the test piece has a specified geometry and is located in the middle between two supports, opposite to the location which is impacted in the test. The energy absorbed in the impact test, the lateral expansion and the shear fracture appearance are normally determined.

Because the impact values of many metallic materials vary with temperature, tests shall be carried out at a specified temperature. When this temperature is other than ambient, the test piece shall be heated or cooled to that temperature, under controlled conditions.

The Charpy pendulum impact test is often used in routine, high-throughput pass/fail acceptance tests in industrial settings. For these tests, it may not be important whether the test sample is completely broken, partially broken, or simply plastically deformed and dragged through the anvils. In research, design, or academic settings, the measured energy values are studied in more detail, in which case it can be highly relevant whether the sample is broken or not.

It is important to note that not all Charpy pendulum impact test results can be directly compared. For example, the test can be performed with hammers having strikers with different radii, or with different test piece shapes. Tests performed with different strikers can give different results,[7] and test results obtained with differently shaped test pieces can as well. This is why not only the adherence to ISO 148 but also a clear and complete reporting of the type of instrument, the test piece and the details of the post-test test pieces are crucial for comparability of results.

6 Test pieces

6.1 General

The standard test piece shall be 55 mm long and of square section, with 10 mm sides. In the centre of the length, there shall be either a V-notch or a U-notch, as described in 6.2.1 and 6.2.2, respectively.

Table 1 (continued)

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SS-EN ISO 148-1:2016 (E)


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SVENSK STANDARD SS-EN ISO 148-1:2016