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Sustainable Urban Transport Index for Asian Cities
Madan B. Regmi, DEngTransport DivisionUNESCAP, Bangkok
11th Regional EST Forum in Asia
2-5 October 2018, Ulaanbaatar
2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development
.
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Sustainable Development Goals & Transport
q Target 11.2: By 2030, provide access to safe, affordable, accessible and sustainable transport systems for all, improving road safety, notably by expanding public transport, with special attention to the needs of those in vulnerable situations, women, children, persons with disabilities and older persons
q New Urban Agenda:q Promote access for all-safe, affordable, sustainable urban mobilityq TODq Develop Comprehensive Mobility Planq Develop mechanisms and frameworksq Greater coordination of implementation
Sustainable Urban Transport Index
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o To measure urban transport and progress towards Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Asian cities
o To help summarize, compare and track the performance of urban transport in cities
o To facilitate discussion to develop plans and policies to improve urban transport
o Simple Approach:o Not too many indicatorso Not complex calculations, o Simple, based on existing methodology, policies
Framework, Foundation & Dimensions
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Framework Dimensions
Sustainable Development
Economic Dimension impactsSocial Dimension impactsEnvironment Dimension impacts
Sustainable Mobility Paradigm
Avoid strategyShift strategyImprove strategy
SDG Targets Relevance forUrban Transport
3.6 Deaths and injuries from road traffic9.1 Quality, reliable, sustainable, resilient infrastructure11.2 Access to safe, affordable, accessible and sustainable transport systems for all,11.6 Adverse environmental impact including air quality
7.3 Improving energy efficiency13.2 Integrate climate change measures
Most important references
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Extensive literature review of indicators
Identification of potential indicators
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o 420 individual urban transport indicators identifiedo Reduced to a shortlist of 20 most relevant indicatorso Subjectively scored using two sets of criteria
n Relevance for Sustainable Transport frameworkn Methodological quality
o Resulting list of 10 indicators in four domains :n Transport system, Social, Economic & Environmental
domainn Reviewed & agreed at two UNESCAP meetings:
n Expert Group Meeting, Kathmandu, September 2016n Regional Meeting, Jakarta, March 2017
10 SUTI Indicators
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No IndicatorsMeasurement
WeightsRange
units MIN MAX
1Extent to which transport plans cover public
transport, intermodal facilities and infrastructure for active modes
0 - 16 scale 0.1 0 16
2Modal share of active and public transport in
commuting
Trips/mode
share0.1 10 90
3 Convenient access to public transport service% of
population0.1 20 100
4 Public transport quality and reliability % satisfied 0.1 30 95
5 Traffic fatalities per 100,000 inhabitants No of fatalities 0.1 35 0
6 Affordability – travel costs as part of income % of income 0.1 35 3.5
7 Operational costs of the public transport systemCost recovery
ratio0.1 22 175
8 Investment in public transportation systems% of total
investment0.1 0 50
9 Air quality (pm10) μg/m3 0.1 150 10
10 Greenhouse gas emissions from transport CO2 Eq. Tons 0.1 2.75 0
SUM 1.00
All 10 indicators are described with
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Normalization & SUTI Calculation
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Where i1…i10 are the indicatorsGeometric mean method chosen (similar to HDI)‘Equal weight’ to each SUTI indicator is applied
Linear Normalization of indicators 1-100 scale
SUTI-Publication, Data Collection Guideline & Excel Calculation Sheet
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Monograph Series- Assessment of Urban Transport Systems http://www.unescap.org/publications/monograph-series-sustainable-and-inclusive-transport-assessment-urban-transport-systemsData Collection Guideline and Excel Sheethttp://www.unescap.org/events/capacity-building-workshop-sustainable-urban-transport-index-suti
SUTI Guidelines and Excel sheet
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• Support to SUTI application in cities• Ensure consistency of SUTI calculation• Allow comparability across cities• Provide a common approach to:– Identify and document data for SUTI– Operate and calculate data– Calculate SUTI and Present results
• Data for each indicator entered in SUTI data sheet• Automatic normalization, calculation of SUTI, and
creation of spider diagram
SUTI Excel Sheet
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Data entry and normalization
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SUTI spider diagram
Spider diagram
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0,00
20,00
40,00
60,00
80,00
100,00
Extent to whichtransport plans
cover publictransport,intermodal…
Modal share ofactive and public
transport incommuting
Convenientaccess to public
transport service
Public transportquality andreliability
Traffic fatalitiesper 100.000inhabitants
Affordability –travel costs as part of income
Operationalcosts of the
public transportsystem
Investment inpublic
transportationsystems
Air quality(pm10)
Greenhouse gasemissions from
transport
0,00
10,00
20,00
30,00
40,00
50,00
60,00
70,00
80,00
90,00
100,00
Extent to which transport plans cover public
transport, intermodal facilities and infrastructure
for active modes
Modal share of active and public transport in
commuting
Convenient access to public transport service
Public transport quality and reliability
Traffic fatalities per 100.000 inhabitants
Affordability – travel costs as part of income
Operational costs of the public transport system
Investment in public transportation systems
Air quality (pm10)
Greenhouse gas emissions from transport
City 1
City 2
City 3
City 4
City 5
City 6
City 7
City 8
Single cityMultiple City
KathmanduValley
2.8 mill. Inh.722 km2
3,878 inh./km2
JakartaJABODETABEK
30.1 mill. Inh.6,767 km2
4,448 inh./km2
Hanoi City
7,7 mill. Inh.3,359 km2
2,292 inh./km2
Colombo Western Region
5.8 mill. inh.3,684 km2
1,774 inh./km2
SUTI Pilot Application
Images: Henrik Gudmundsson
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No Indicators
Actual values Normalized values
Jakarta HanoiKathmand
u Colombo Jakarta Hanoi Kathma
nduColomb
o
1
Extent to which transport plans cover public transport, intermodal
facilities and infrastructure for active modes 12.00 7.00 7.00 11 75.00 43.75 43.75 68.75
2Modal share of active and public
transport in commuting 27.00 10.65 69.77 75.45 21.25 0.81 74.71 81.81
3Convenient access to public
transport service 50.00 60.00 85.00 44 37.50 50.00 81.25 30.00
4Public transport quality and
reliability 52.50 79.97 31.00 30.1 34.62 76.87 1.54 0.15
5Traffic fatalities per 100.000
inhabitants 2.10 7.75 6.33 14.9 94.00 77.87 81.91 57.34
6Affordability – travel costs as part
of income 18.20 5.71 11.10 12.82 53.33 92.98 75.87 70.41
7Operational costs of the public
transport system 55.40 51.95 102.40 93.8 21.83 19.57 52.55 46.93
8Investment in public
transportation systems 50.00 1.96 17.84 24.8 100.00 3.93 35.68 49.60
9 Air quality (pm10)75.00 56.64 88.00 46 53.57 28.24 44.29 74.29
10Greenhouse gas emissions from
transport 0.53 0.33 0.57 0.63 80.73 88.16 79.27 77.09
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0,00
20,00
40,00
60,00
80,00
100,00
Extent to whichtransport plans
cover facilities for…Modal share of
active and publictransport in…
Convenient accessto public transport
service
User satisfactionwith public transport
service
Traffic fatalities per100.000 inhabitants
Affordability – travel costs as part of
income
Operational costs ofthe public transport
system
Investment in publictransportation
systems
Air quality (pm10)
Greenhouse gasemissions from
transport
Greater Jakarta
0,0020,0040,0060,0080,00
100,00
Extent towhich…
Modal shareof active…
Convenientaccess to…
Publictransport…
Trafficfatalities…
Affordability –travel costs …
Operationalcosts of the…
Investment inpublic…
Air quality(pm2.5)
Greenhousegas…
Colombo
0,00
10,00
20,00
30,00
40,00
50,00
60,00
70,00
80,00
90,00
100,00
1. Extent to which transport plans cover public transport,
intermodal facilities and …
2. Modal share of active and public transport in commuting
3. Convenient access to public transport service
4. Public transport quality and reliability
5. Traffic fatalities per 100.000 inhabitants
6. Affordability – travel costs as part of income
7. Operational costs of the public transport system
8. Investment in public transportation systems
9. Air quality (pm10)
10. Greenhouse gas emissions from transport
Jakarta Hanoi Kathmandu Colombo
Av. 81.31
Av. 73.15
Av. 77.78
Av. 28.29
Av. 35.29
General lower performance
General higher performance
Result of SUTI Analysis
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Jakarta 52.5Kathmandu 47.8Colombo 32.70Hanoi 32.2
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0,0010,0020,0030,0040,0050,0060,0070,0080,0090,00
100,00
Extent to which transportplans cover public
transport, intermodalfacilities and
infrastructure for active…Modal share of active and
public transport incommuting
Convenient access topublic transport service
Public transport qualityand reliability
Traffic fatalities per100.000 inhabitants
Affordability – travel costs as part of income
Operational costs of thepublic transport system
Investment in publictransportation systems
Air quality (pm10)
Greenhouse gasemissions from transport
Bandung
0,0010,0020,0030,0040,0050,0060,0070,0080,0090,00
100,00
Extent to which transportplans cover public
transport, intermodalfacilities and infrastructure
for active modesModal share of active and
public transport incommuting
Convenient access topublic transport service
Public transport quality andreliability
Traffic fatalities per100.000 inhabitants
Affordability – travel costs as part of income
Operational costs of thepublic transport system
Investment in publictransportation systems
Air quality (pm10)
Greenhouse gas emissionsfrom transport
Dhaka
0,0010,0020,0030,0040,0050,0060,0070,0080,0090,00
100,00
Extent to which transportplans cover public
transport, intermodalfacilities and
infrastructure for active…Modal share of active and
public transport incommuting
Convenient access topublic transport service
Public transport qualityand reliability
Traffic fatalities per100.000 inhabitants
Affordability – travel costs as part of income
Operational costs of thepublic transport system
Investment in publictransportation systems
Air quality (pm10)
Greenhouse gasemissions from transport
Ho Chi Minh
0,0010,0020,0030,0040,0050,0060,0070,0080,0090,00
100,00
Extent to which transportplans cover public
transport, intermodalfacilities and
infrastructure for active…Modal share of active and
public transport incommuting
Convenient access topublic transport service
Public transport qualityand reliability
Traffic fatalities per100.000 inhabitants
Affordability – travel costs as part of income
Operational costs of thepublic transport system
Investment in publictransportation systems
Air quality (pm10)
Greenhouse gasemissions from transport
Surabaya
Geometric mean: 46.42
Geometric mean: 47.76
Geometric mean: 35.01Geometric
mean: 24.97
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0,0010,0020,0030,0040,0050,0060,0070,0080,0090,00
100,00
Extent to which transport planscover public transport,intermodal facilities and
infrastructure for active modes
Modal share of active and publictransport in commuting
Convenient access to publictransport service
Public transport quality andreliability
Traffic fatalities per 100.000inhabitants
Affordability – travel costs as part of income
Operational costs of the publictransport system
Investment in publictransportation systems
Air quality (pm10)
Greenhouse gas emissions fromtransport
Surat Geometric mean: 60.92
Workshop on Urban Mobility and Sustainable Urban Transport Index, 12-13 September 2018, Dhaka
Surat 60.92Dhaka 47.76Bandung 46.42Surabaya 35.01Ho Chi Minh 24.96
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SUTI Next Stepso SUTI can help assess performance of cities across ten key
indicators and compare with peers cities o Support refining policies and strategies to improve urban
mobility o 9 cities delivered all 10 SUTI indicators and indexo Draw implication for urban transport planningo Follow-up on SUTI result & track progress (every 2 year)o Data collection, availability and standardizationo Voluntary National Review (VNR) at HLPF, New York o UNESCAP ready to collaborate- collaborating partnerso Further interest from Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Islamic
Republic of Iran
