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Sustainable transport
Stockholm as an example
Gustaf Landahl
City of Stockholm
Emissions of carbon-dioxide
Tonnes CO2-ekv per capita
5,44,5
4,0
3,0
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
1990 2000 2005 2015 2050
Greenhouse gas emissions per person in Stockholm
Real Development Goals
Fossil fuel free
Emissions from transport (thousand tonnes CO2 ekv)
0
200
400
600
800
1 000
2000 2005 2010 2015
Rail Flight Working machinery Shipping Road
Carrots Improved facilities
for cyclists Attractive public
transport New ways of
transport
– Car-sharing clubs
– Better information
– Adaptive traffic signals
Goods logistics Clean vehicles
Sustainable mobility
by Carrots & Sticks! Sticks Environmental
zones for lorries and busses
Congestion taxation
Facilitate for cyclists
Safety– cycle paths– Good crossings– B&R, parking, rain shelters– Free air compressors– City-bikes
Attractive public-transportMarketing free tickets for special groups
i:e new citizens trip-guarantees Real-time information smart-cards 78 % market share in rush-
hour
Vehicles Metro and commuter trains
run on green electricity Fossil fuel free busses:
50% by 2011 100 % by 2020
Car, cycle and public transport to the inner city
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
Year
Th
ou
sa
nd
of
co
mm
ute
rs p
er
we
ek
da
y
Cyclists
Cars
Public transport
Goods distribution O-central old town
win-win-win– Better accessibility– Better city environment– Better for the customers
BeforeProvider Custome
r
Provider
Goods distribution Logistic centre building
material– Less transport, better
environment, lower costs– require an active partner – Can be supported by
incentivesAfter Custome
r
Congestion-charging zone
Local Emissions(PM, NOx)
Global effect (CO2)
Petrol (electric hybrid)
CNG
Biodiesel
Petrol
Diesel
Biogas
LPG
elec-tricity(EU mix)
E85E 95
H2, elec-tricity(water power)
Definition of a clean vehicle
Source: Miljöfaktabok för bränslen, IVL Svenska miljöinstitutet 2001
Emissions of GHG in a LCA perspectiveSource: EU JRC/CONCAWE 2007
SIDAN 15MILJÖBILAR I STOCKHOLMMILJÖFÖRVALTNINGENwww.miljobilar.stockholm.se
Market share of clean vehicles cars in Stockholm
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
09-sep
Citycars
E85
Methane
Electric and Hybrid
Sweden in total, SwTransport Agency
Sweden in totalBilsweden
Target 2010*
*(Stockholms Miljöprogram 2008-2011)
Conclusions
Both Carrots and sticks are needed to create sustainable transport
Introducing new technologies can be driven by creating a demand
– Public procurement can have a large impact
Incentives are sometimes needed to start the market
Local governments can– Help citizens chose climate smart – Lead the way with real action – Influence national government for
a agreement in Copenhagen EU should recognize renewable
fuels as a part of the solution
THANK YOU !
www.stockholm.sewww.trendsetter-europe.orgwww.best-europe.org
Gustaf [email protected]+ 46 8 508 28 916
Oil and gas production
Source:Colin Campbell 2004