Upload
buicong
View
225
Download
3
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
1ERS Overview.brief
Sustainable Range ManagementSustainable Range ManagementRange Residue ReductionRange Residue Reduction
ByBySteven DownesSteven DownesSenior Research Senior Research
LeaderLeaderOperational Range Operational Range
SustainabilitySustainability
Presented atPresented at2005 Region 4 EPA/DoD States2005 Region 4 EPA/DoD States
Environmental ConferenceEnvironmental ConferenceAtlanta, GAAtlanta, GA
June 30, 2005Applying innovative solutions for range sustainability
2ERS Overview.brief
Reference PointsAmerica has a unique approach to training: “Train as we fight”. Training needs to be “Realistic”, “Integrated”, and Stressful” to prepare the warfighter for combat. Point! Training needs to be all-encompassing.DoD is committed to preserving training and testing ranges while protecting the environment.Despite environmental successes, DoD is facing increasing restrictions on land, sea, and airspace reserved for training and testing.DoD will continue to form partnerships that promote long-term range sustainability.
Applying innovative solutions for range sustainability
3ERS Overview.brief
DoD Range Organizations
REG(RCC
Environmental Gp)
FMG(Freq Management
Group)
ASG(Airspace Group)
PBFAWG(PBFA Working Group)
LWSWG(Land
Withdrawal SupWork Group)
DOT&E USD(AT&L)
RCC(Range Commanders Council)
DUSD(I&E)
RSRWG(Range
SpectrumRequirements
Work Group
ASD(C3I)
SERDP(Strategic Environmental
R&D Program )
SERDP ExecutiveWorking Group
DESC(Defense
EnvironmentalSecurity Council )
DDR&E
OGCUSD(P&R)
PBFAPolicy Board onFederal Aviation
(Airspace Subgroup)
IMLUCC(Interagency Military
Land Use Coord.Committee )
TTAWG’s(Technical Thrust
AreaWorking Groups)
Cleanup,Compliance,Conservation,
&PollutionPrevention
UXOCOE(Unexploded
OrdnanceCenter of Excellence)
SECDEF
DTTSG(Defense Test &
TrainingSteering Group)
TIRIC
DUSD(R)
R&T
CollectiveTraining
ESOHPB(Envir, Safe
OccupationalHealth Policy
Board )
OEESCM(Operational &Environmental
Executive SteeringCommittee
for Munitions)
TG(Telemetry Group)
SRRWG(Sustain Range
ReadinessWork Group)
SROC
OIPTSustainable Ranges/RRPI
WIPT
4ERS Overview.brief
DefinitionsOperational Military Range means designated land or water areas set aside, managed, and used to develop, test, and evaluate military munitions, other ordnance, or weapons systems, or to train military personnel in their use and handling. Ranges include firing lines and positions, maneuver areas, firing lanes, Test pads, detonation pads, impact areas, and buffer zones with restricted access and exclusionary areas. From 40 C.F.R. – 266.201
Applying innovative solutions for range sustainability
5ERS Overview.brief
Definitions (Continued)Operational Ranges• Active and Inactive Military Ranges
SRM• Sustainable Range Management
Operational Test and Training Ranges• Active and Inactive
Munitions & Explosives of Concern (MEC)• Unexploded Ordnance (UXO)• Discarded and Abandoned munitions• Explosives Soils and Buildings/Materials
Munitions Response• Everywhere not on an operational range
Munitions Constituent (MC)• Explosives and Energetic materials
Munitions Presenting a Potential Explosive Hazard (MPPEH)• Range Residue
Applying innovative solutions for range sustainability
6ERS Overview.brief
Guidance, References, and DriversDoDD 4715.11 & 12 Operational Range ManagementDefense Material Disposition Manual (4160)DoDD 3200.15 Sustainable Range DirectiveUpdating DDESB Guidance (Ch 12)Operational Range Clearance Policy (dtd June 2005)Draft Stakeholder Involvement DirectiveDraft MPPEH DirectiveDefense Demilitarization Manual (4160)Draft Munitions Response Implementation DirectiveGAO Report on Military Training dtd 29April2005 GAO Code 350430/GAO-04-534
Applying innovative solutions for range sustainability
7ERS Overview.brief
Issues that will Severely Impact the Sustainability of Ranges
The management of these issues, singularly and collectively, will have a direct impact on the success of the concept of range sustainment.Safety Issues: Those issues that, either immediately or at some future point in time, put people and/or property at acute risk.Environmental Issues: Those issues that impact on the environment such that a chronic (direct or indirect) risk is experienced by the population.
Applying innovative solutions for range sustainability
8ERS Overview.brief
UXO and Range Residue
MEC and MC pose both a safety and an environmental threat to the continued viability of operational ranges.
Issue/Example:Expanded application of RCRA/CERCLA to Army operational ranges
may:Shut down live-fire training at hundreds of Army ranges.
Require displacement of training and unit travel to alternate sites.
Require environmental characterization and clean-up of activeranges.
Army estimates $15B - $150B to clean up operational ranges.
Applying innovative solutions for range sustainability
9ERS Overview.brief
Safety Issues.
Risks from UXO and Range Residue• Near Term
– To Military Personnel– To Range Maintenance Personnel– To General Population
• Long Term– To General Population & Environment– To Base Closure Personnel– To Future Land Users, Military and Other
Applying innovative solutions for range sustainability
10ERS Overview.brief
Environmental Issues.
Contamination Priority Areas (MC/MEC)• Ground Water• Food Chain• Clean Air
Applying innovative solutions for range sustainability
11ERS Overview.brief
Application of RCRA and CERCLA to Live-Fire Training
Eagle River Flats
Fort Richardson, AKArmy involved in citizen’s suit at Fort Richardson, AK.Suit seeks to shut down live-fire at Eagle River Flats.Claims munitions firing violates:• Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
(RCRA)• Comprehensive Environmental Restoration,
Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA)• Clean Water Act (CWA)
Potential to shut down live-fire at Eagle River Flats and hundreds of other Army ranges.
12ERS Overview.brief
Regulation of Training Activities Under the Clean Air Act
Dust from Maneuver
Training with Smoke and Obscurants Prescribed Burns to
Manage Training Land and Habitat
13ERS Overview.brief
Range Residue ApproachDODI 3200.XX Range Clearance on Operational
Ranges has been signed this week. It will be the driver for planning and executing range clearance planning and operations.
The DODI directs that operational range management policies and procedures will:Allow safe access to Operational Ranges fro range maintenance, modernization, training, or testing operations.Preclude accumulation of Military munitions and other range-related debrisFacilitate appropriate future land use
Applying innovative solutions for range sustainability
14ERS Overview.brief
Range Residue Processes and Procedures
Applying innovative solutions for range sustainability
The following are recommended approaches to determine the processes op a successful Range Residue
Remediation Program (RRRP). It must be absolutely noted that each range/range complex is unique in size, topography, training mission, and types of munitions used: one size does not fit all ranges.
For a RRPP to work, each facility must accomplish the following:
•Review local MIS for records of munitions used
•Determine annual quantity of munitions (by DODIC)
•Estimate inventory of types of range residue from historical records
•Develop a theoretical compilation of range-related debris, by weight, on ranges.
and procedures necessary to devel
15ERS Overview.brief
RRP&P (Continued)•Determine the role of EOD assets to support range residue management processes.
•Determine demilitarization/certification management processes
•Determine the topography, hydrology, and climatologically related conditions for each range.
•Determine the role of the local DRMO on range residue issues .
Applying innovative solutions for range sustainability
16ERS Overview.brief
Range Reside Systems & Equipment and Personnel
Applying innovative solutions for range sustainability
After development of unique local processes and procedures, the information acquired is utilized to identify and acquire facilities and capitalization of equipment requirements. Concurrent efforts must be aimed at identifying personnel assets to accomplish debris removal and disposal.
Each installation must determine the economics model necessary to support residue issues. The decision factors include:
1. Facilities and capitalization of equipment requirements needed to accomplish range clearance and residue demilitarization at the subject installations.
2. The processes available to systematically locate, identify, cut up, clear, transport/remove or otherwise eliminate identified range residue from the training footprint(s).
17ERS Overview.brief
Range Reside Systems & Equipment and Personnel (Continued)
Applying innovative solutions for range sustainability
3. The site-specific recommendations of processes to best facilitate the demilitarization and certification of range residue.
4. The demilitarization and certification process and procedures for each identified process
5. The recommendations for staffing and managing the location, identification, removal, demilitarization and certification efforts for each specific process.
6. Identify and model potential revenue and cost avoidance realizedthrough each identified process within the overall range residuemanagement concept.
7. Identification of site-specific permit requirements and the identification of Federal, State, and local codes that drive permitting, operating, and reporting.
18ERS Overview.brief
Examples of existing equipment and processes
Equipment needed to handle the disposition of range-related debris is neither expensive or unique.
The following are examples of system/equipment modified to accomplish specific tasks within the range residue processing domain.
Applying innovative solutions for range sustainability
19ERS Overview.brief
Gleaned Materiel
Spent smallSpent small--arms brass casesarms brass cases Inert aluminum itemsInert aluminum items
LightLight--gauged steelgauged steel
Applying innovative solutions to range sustainability
20ERS Overview.brief
Brass Shredding Summary
Low manual effortReduces need to sort and inspect brassBrass cases are rendered inertReduces volume by 50%
Applying innovative solutions to range sustainability
21ERS Overview.brief
Aluminum Feed MaterialsOnly inert aluminum range gleanings40-mm practice projectiles and casesSMAWS81-mm illum and RP motors/fins105 and 120 mm practice heat rounds120-mm sabotsFuse assembliesPractice "Rock eyes"Cluster cases
Applying innovative solutions to range sustainability
22ERS Overview.brief
Aluminum Melting Furnace Summary
Moderately labor-intensiveOnly process inert materielGleanings rendered 100% demilitarizedPropane and electricity consumables Air Permit required
23ERS Overview.brief
Practice Bombs & Illumination/Ejection Shells
24ERS Overview.brief
Piercing the Bomb Casing
Emptying the Last of the FillerApplying innovative solutions to range sustainability
Processing a 750-lb Inert Practice Bomb
Preparing to Crush the Filler Materiel
25ERS Overview.brief
Inert Bomb Disposal Costs1. Mechanized Processing of 1,061 Inert Bombs
• Bombs processed in 89 hours of shearing operations• Direct costs:
– Mob/Demob = $5K– Shearing costs = $37K– Total = $42K– Cost per bomb = $39.59
2. Manual Processing with an Exothermic Torch (estimate)• Direct costs:
– Labor = $30K– Equipment operator = $21K – Materials = $11K– Total = $62K– Cost per bomb = $58.44
SAVINGS = $20KEstimated to take >6 months for manual option, versus 17 days for
mechanized option.
Applying innovative solutions to range sustainability
26ERS Overview.brief
Soil washing to remove lead and other heavy metals from small arms range soils at Fort Polk
Soil Washing for Removal of Lead and Other Heavy Metals at Small Arms Range in Fort Polk
Applying innovative solutions to range sustainability
27ERS Overview.brief
Phosphate stabilization and restoration of target berm at Camp Lejeune
Small Arms Range Restoration at Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune Small Arms Range Restoration at
Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune
Applying innovative solutions to range sustainability
28ERS Overview.brief
Science and Engineering Efforts to Support Range Modernization
Next Generation Training, and Test & Evaluation (TT&E) RangesInstrumentation/GPSVirtual EnvironmentTechnology Solutions
• Automatic Targeting Systems• Bandwidth • Space Based Radar
Energetics Constituent CharacterizationEnergetics Contamination EliminationGroundwater Testing, Monitoring, and TreatmentLocal/Regional Outreach• External Stakeholder involvement• Internal Stakeholder Involvement
Green MunitionsGreen Target Systems
Applying innovative solutions for range sustainability