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1
Evaluation of the Three Dimensions of
Sustainability with Eco-Efficiency
Analysis and SEEBALANCE - Case
Studies from Innovation to Business
Applications
Dr. P. Saling, BASF SE
Head of
Eco-Efficiency Analysis / SEEBALANCE
2Eco-Efficiency Analysis, SEEBALANCE® BASF, 2009
Construction
materials
Using innovative
BASF products saves
energy and cuts
down on construction
materials.
Fuel additives
Save petrol with BASF.
Fuel additives reduce
fuel consumption and
reduce harmful effects
on the environment.
Sports surfaces
Conica sports
surfaces from BASF
support the quest
for light athletics
records.
Superabsorbent
products
Nappies are becoming
ever thinner.
Superabsorbent
central layers are
highly effective.
Chemistry in everyday life
2
3Eco-Efficiency Analysis, SEEBALANCE® BASF, 2009
Public requirements, public opinion,
subjective goals
Sustainability goes beyond it!Green Products
Bioplastics Green principles
Recyclability
7Rs
Environmentally friendly Biodegradability
Compostability
Degradability
Renewablility Biobased
100 % Recycling
No GMO CO2-neutral
4Eco-Efficiency Analysis, SEEBALANCE® BASF, 2009
The Three Pillars of Sustainable
Development is the Basis of the
SEEBALANCE
3
5Eco-Efficiency Analysis, SEEBALANCE® BASF, 2009
Total Life cycle Calculations are the basis
of Eco-Efficiency Analysis and
SEEBALANCE
Production
of
Oil, Gas,
Coal,
Energy
Raw
materials
Production
of
Basic
Materials,
Biomass,
…
Production
of
Goods,
food,
Functions,
…
Use
of
Goods,
food,
Functions,
…
End of
life
Mechan.
Recycling
Incineration
Landfill
Compost
…
Beginning and end of system boundaries are integrated
6Eco-Efficiency Analysis, SEEBALANCE® BASF, 2009
Background of Eco-Efficiency and
SEEBALANCE
Comprehensive assessment of products and processes.
Ecology, Economy and Social figures are given equal
weight
Products are analyzed with a „Total Life cycle“-approach
from the angle of the customer.
Different product alternatives for a defined „User benefit“
are assessed.
The final result compares the alternatives with each
other; leads to a ranking of different products or processes
due to their sustainability.
4
7Eco-Efficiency Analysis, SEEBALANCE® BASF, 2009
Cost Analysis
Addition of all real costs along the life-cycle!
Alt. 2Alt. 1 Alt. 3 Alt. 4
EU
R/N
E
Costs (relative)Costs (absolute)
Normalization
hoch niedrig1.0
● Alt.1 ● Alt.2 ● Alt.3 ● Alt.4
8Eco-Efficiency Analysis, SEEBALANCE® BASF, 2009
Environmental Assessment
Environmental Burden
low
high
1,0
Resource Consumption
Energy Consumption
Emissions
Tox-Potential
Risk Potential
Land Use
Effect Category Ecological Fingerprint
Aggregation
and weighting
of impact
categories
Calculation of
relative product
position
0,00
0,50
1,00
Energy
Emissions
Toxicity
Risk
Resources
Land Use
● Alt.1 ● Alt.2 ● Alt.3 ● Alt.4
Normalization WeightingAggregation Normalization
5
9Eco-Efficiency Analysis, SEEBALANCE® BASF, 2009
Eco-Efficiency Portfolio: Example
Bubble size can be used as a third indicator
Customer
Benefit:
Production,
Use and
Recycling of ...
Low Eco-
efficiency
High Eco-
Efficiency
0,3
1,0
1,7
En
vir
on
me
nta
l B
urd
en
(n
orm
.)
0,31,01,7
Costs (norm.)
● Alt.1 3%
● Alt.2 35%
● Alt.3 7%
● Alt.4 55%
Bubble size represents
relative market share in
Europe
10Eco-Efficiency Analysis, SEEBALANCE® BASF, 2009
Decision making process for
biotechnological and chemical
processes – new compounds for polymers
Vitamin B2 for production of feed
premixes
High eco-efficiency
Low eco-efficiency
-1,5
1,0
3,5
-1,51,03,5
Costs [normalized]
En
vir
on
me
nt
[no
rma
lize
d]
High eco-efficiency
Low eco-efficiency
High eco-efficiency
Low eco-efficiency
High eco-efficiency
Low eco-efficiency
-1,5
1,0
3,5
-1,51,03,5
Costs [normalized]
En
vir
on
me
nt
[no
rma
lize
d]
Chemical
process
Plant extraction
from Paprika
Capsanthin as pigment in feed
premixes
6
11Eco-Efficiency Analysis, SEEBALANCE® BASF, 2009
Process evaluation and optimization with a life-
cycle based Eco-Efficiency Internet Manager
Example: Fish farming together with customers
Partners: Fish farming industry
and scientific institutes in
Scandinavia
Internet portal for
performance of independent
eco-efficiency analyses
Feed composition can be
selected from 30 ingredients
for various fish species
The eco-efficiency manager
allows customers to optimize
their formulas independently
www.eeaman.com
0,4
1,0
1,6
0,41,01,6
Costs (normalized)
En
vir
on
men
t (n
orm
ali
zed
)
IndustrialStandard 2003
Marine Diet
High Quality,mainly vegetarian
Least Costs (LC),mainly vegetarian
12Eco-Efficiency Analysis, SEEBALANCE® BASF, 2009
Ionic Liquids compounds:
Synthesis of Lucirin® TPO-L, an UV-photoinitiator for curing
coatings and printing inks
-0,5
1,0
2,5
-0,51,02,5
Costs (normalized)
En
vir
on
me
nt
(no
rma
lize
d) Amine
DEPP
BASILDEPP
High eco-efficiency
Low eco-efficiency
7
13Eco-Efficiency Analysis, SEEBALANCE® BASF, 2009
Portfolio
0.0
1.0
2.0
0.01.02.0
Costs (normalized)
En
vir
on
men
tal
Imp
act
(no
rmali
zed
)
BASF
Albemarle
India
China
Pharma Chemicals:
Portfolio for Ibuprofen
Customer
Benefit (CB):
Production
of 1kg of
ibuprofen for
use in
200mg
tablets to be
sold in the
North
American
marketplace.
high eco-efficiency
low eco-efficiency
In the Base case
BASF Ibuprofen is
the most eco-
efficient.
14Eco-Efficiency Analysis, SEEBALANCE® BASF, 2009
0,0
1,0
2,0012
Costs
So
cia
l E
valu
ati
on
0
0,001
0,002
0,003
0,004
0,005
0,006
0,007
0,008
Alternative 1 Alternative 2
Em
plo
yees/U
B
EmployeesComputerIndustry
EmployeesChemistry
0,00
0,50
1,00Employees
Consumers
Local & National CommunityFuture Generations
International
Community
Alt. 1Alt. 2
1,6
1,00,4
1,0
0,4
1,6
1,0
0,4
Socio-Efficiency-Portfolio
SEEcubeInput data
Social Fingerprint
Introducing of social evaluations:
The SEEBALANCE
8
15Eco-Efficiency Analysis, SEEBALANCE® BASF, 2009
SEEBALANCE® Results
of 4-Methoxy-acetophenon together with
Prof. Leitner, RWTH Aachen
User benefit:
Production of
1kg of
4-methoxy-
acetophenonThe Fe(HSO4)3
process is the
most sustainable
alternative
AlCl3 process
zeolite process
Fe(HSO4)3 process
Indiumtriflat
process
2,5
1,0
-0,5
2,5
1,0
-0,5
2,5
1,0
-0,5
Environ
me
nta
l im
pa
ct (n
orm
aliz
ed
)
Soc
ial im
pact
(nor
mal
ized
)
Costs (normalized)
16Eco-Efficiency Analysis, SEEBALANCE® BASF, 2009
How does BASF and their customers using
the Eco-efficiency Analysis and
SEEBALANCE?
Strategic Decisions
• Investment decisions
• Technology decisions
• Site decisions
• Evaluate product portfolio
Marketing, Customers
• Demonstration of product advantages
• Improved customer relations
• Product Differentiation
• Better understand competitive
advantages
Research and development
• Quantification of the most
important factors
• Drive sustainable
products and processes
• Drive production/process improvements
Stakeholder and Government
Dialogue
• Communication with authorities
• Demonstration of Sustainability
• Government “approvals”
9
17Eco-Efficiency Analysis, SEEBALANCE® BASF, 2009
Conclusions
Sustainability as guiding principle is accepted.
Definition of „user benefit“ shows the needs of goods and
products. Consideration of all possible alternatives is needed,
further concentration on specific questions is possible.
Life Cycle based calculations, using several ecological economical
and social criteria.
No definition of general principles!
Working out a final result, easy to understand for decision-making
processes is needed.
Supporting the results with scenario analysis, uncertainty
evaluation are used for further improvement and development of
products.
18Eco-Efficiency Analysis, SEEBALANCE® BASF, 2009
The competence center of product
safety within BASF- your partner in
questions of: Eco-Efficiency Analysis, LCA
Sustainability, SEEBALANCE
Eco-Efficiency Internet
managing tools
Eco-Efficiency Label
Business Development
REACH
Carbon Footprints
Our Homepage: (http://www.oekoeffizienzanalyse.de/)
Office for Europe, world: BASF SE, Ludwigshafen, Germany
Office for NAFTA: BASF Corporation, Florham Park, New Jersey, USA;
BASF Corporation, Wyandotte, Michigan, USA;
Office South America: Espaco Eco foundation and BASF S.A., Sao Bernardo, SP.,
Brazil
Office for Asia: BASF China Ltd., Shanghai