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Sustainability, Utah, and Agenda 21
Wilf SommerkornTed Knowlton
Utah APA Conference4 October 2013
Sustainability is an ancient concept
“My family came to America for a better life for their children and their children’s children.”
The Golden Rule: treat others as you want to be treated.
“The earth belongs to each generation during its course, fully and in its own right, but no generation can contract debts greater than can be paid during the course of its own existence.”
~Thomas Jefferson
AGENDA 21
Planning that develops public ownership of your plan (especially if there are Agenda 21
concerns (and similar)
• Process
• Communications
If Agenda 21 concerns are substantial in your community
• Listen to, don’t discount concerns
• Include these participants in every portion of the process– As long as they are willing to let others participate
When anyone comes to your public meeting intent on shutting it down!
First listen
If a group tries to obstruct the meeting:• Stand up for everyone else’s right to be heard• Divide the meeting (if necessary)
– “who would like the meeting to continue?”– “who would like to talk about these concerns”
Traditional Planning Approach
• Decide – through analysis and research
• Educate – the public about the solution
• Announce – the plan
• Defend – the plan and yourself
Process tips for developing broad grassroots support
• Strive for broad participation that represents your community
• Be an “Honest Broker” of choices and consequences
• Trust the public• Be transparent
• 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization• Formed in 1997 to evaluate growth issues
Envision Utah
Not philosophizing, but exploring the future
Problem solving workshops
Regional Choices and Outcomes
Our Region’s Future
Transportation Land Use
Job Creation
Air Quality
Land Consump-
tionTraffic
Water Use
Miles of Driving
Open Space
HousingOpportunities
Total EmissionsTons Per Day
2,660
2,511 2,501 2,512
2,400
2,450
2,500
2,550
2,600
2,650
2,700
A B C D
Em
issi
on
s
Total Infrastructure Costs
$0
$5
$10
$15
$20
$25
$30
$35
$40
A B C D
Bil
lio
ns
1999
Do
llar
s
Municipal and Developer Regional Roads Regional Transit Regional Water
37.6
29.8
22.1 23.0
Scenario Comparisons and Survey
PUBLIC AWARENESS
EFFORTSTelevision, Radio and
Newspaper
Choosing a Scenario(Weighted vs. Unweighted Results)
1% 1% 2% 3%
13%
30%
9%
3%
25%
9%
26%
1% 1% 2%3%
13%
4%
31%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40% Unweighted results (as represented by the black dashed line) are nearly identical to weighted results
West Valley Downtown Plan, 2002
A
C D
B
Preferred Scenario
The heart of Agenda 21 concerns:
“people who don’t know our issues and concerns want to force us to do….”
Communication 101
The heart of Agenda 21 concerns: “people who don’t know our issues and concerns ………………………..….”
1.Explore local sustainability issues2.Relay impacts of potential decisions on the family, neighborhood, city, metro area3.Emphasize that solutions will be defined locally, through a public process
Benefits to your family
• Public Transportation: – Bypass congestion to enjoy more time at home
• Outdoors to enjoy together
Housing wants and needs change over people’s lives
Understand cost of living as affected by housing, transportation, and energy expenses
Communication 202
The heart of Agenda 21 concerns: “people who don’t know our issues and concerns want to force us to do….”
1. Relate sustainable development to market desires
2. Relate sustainable development to the taxpayer (fiscal impacts)
3. Explore how “choices” are broadened
1. Sustainability and the free market
What are the housing and area characteristics that will attract buyers over many decades?
• Today’s preferences?• Demographic shifts?
Desired Neighborhood Attributes - NAR 2011
Source: National Association of Realtors, American Preference Survey 2011.
Gen Y and Baby Boomers are the largest generations
• Of those that move, 7 out of 8 downsize
• 77% of Gen Y plans to live in an urban setting
The Market for Transportation-Land Use Integration: Do Developers Want Smarter Growth than
Regulations Allow?
Jonathan Levine, 2004N=656
Is there adequate supply of alternative development…?• Not enough: 67%
Developers perception of the “single most important obstacle” to alternative development?• “local regulation”
Regulation almost always sets a ceiling on intensity
Eg:– Minimum single family lot size– Maximum density– Maximum FAR– Parking requirements– Land use restrictions
Efforts to allow more variety in scale, use, parking, better allow market demand to be expressed
2. Sustainability and the taxpayer?
1 1.25 1.5 2 2.5 4 5 63
43,600 S.F.34,800 S.F. 29,000 S.F.
21,800 S.F. 17,400 S.F.
14,400 S.F.10,900 S.F.
8,700 S.F. 7,200 S.F.
Street Frontage Relative to Lot Size
150’ 130’ 110’ 100’ 90’ 90’ 83’ 75’ 65’
Units Per Ac
Typical Lot Frontage
Larger lots = More street frontage per
residence
Smaller lots = Less street
frontage per residence
Per Capita Residential Water UseAs A Function of Residential Density
50
70
90
110
130
150
170
190
210
230
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Average Residential Density - DU's per Acre
Res
iden
tial
Wat
er U
se -
Gal
lon
s p
er C
apit
a p
er D
ay
1 1.25 1.5 2 2.5 4 5 63
43,600 S.F.34,800 S.F. 29,000 S.F.
21,800 S.F. 17,400 S.F.
14,400 S.F.10,900 S.F.
8,700 S.F. 7,200 S.F.
Water Use Relative to
Lot Size
(Source: USU Extension)
Units Per Ac
“The Growth Ponzi Scheme”Chuck Marohn, Thoughts on Building Strong Towns
2. Choices
• Housing
2. Choices
• Getting around
The heart of Agenda 21 concerns:
“people who don’t know our issues and concerns want to force us to do….”
If Agenda 21 concerns are substantial in your community
• Listen to, don’t discount concerns
• Include these participants in every portion of the process– As long as they are willing to let
others participate
Process tips for developing broad grassroots support
• Strive for broad participation that represents your community
• Be an “Honest Broker” of choices and consequences
• Trust the public• Be transparent
Communication 101
The heart of Agenda 21 concerns: “people who don’t know our issues and concerns ………………………..….”
1.Explore local sustainability issues2.Relay impacts of potential decisions on the family, neighborhood, city, metro area3.Emphasize that solutions will be defined locally, through a public process
Communication 202
The heart of Agenda 21 concerns: “people who don’t know our issues and concerns want to force us to do….”
1. Relate sustainable development to market desires
2. Relate sustainable development to the taxpayer (fiscal impacts)
3. Explore how “choices” are broadened
“The earth belongs to each generation during its course, fully and in its own right, but no generation can contract debts greater than can be paid during the course of its own existence.”
~Thomas Jefferson
Sustainability, Utah, and Agenda 21
Wilf SommerkornTed Knowlton
Utah APA Conference4 October 2013