Sustainability in Various Industries

8/7/2019 Sustainability in Various Industries

1/17

NIFT Kannur

Sustainable Production

2011

Astha

DFT- VI, 081701

1/1/2011

Sustainable Production In

Various Industries


2/17

NIFT Kannur


SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

An Introduction...

ustainable development is defined as balancing the fulfillment of human

needs with the protection of the natural environment. A common definition of

sustainable development is "development that meets the needs of the present

without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs." The

field of sustainable development can be conceptually broken into three constituent

parts: environmental protection, economic sustainability, and social justice.


3/17

NIFT Kannur


Today, there is a greater understanding that corporate strategy can be crafted to

encompass a larger picture that not only enhances competitiveness but also ensures

responsible and sustainable growth.

The Tatas followed by Reliance Industries, Infosys and ITC have emerged as the

best performers on sustainable development indicators, according to just released

'BT Sustainable Development (SD) Index an assessment of business performance

in India 2009-10'.

When it comes to sustainable development issues, companies rate water resource

management as the most important issue requiring urgent attention. Education,

healthcare, natural resource management and climate change are the other pressing

issues.

TATA

Company has started several Energy Accounting and Energy Conservation

programmes, some of which are highlighted below:

Introducing Fiber Reinforced Plastic blades form a n-coolers.

Installing variable speed drive for flow control and energy saving

Introduction of fuel additives in Furnace Oil to improve the combustion efficiency

of the fuel.

Soft-start energy savers for hydraulic press motors

Sheds designed for efficient natural lig hting.

Use of compact fluorescent lamps, sodium vapours lamps to minimize energy

consumption.

Installing portable compressors for isolated running to save compressed air


4/17

NIFT Kannur


Harnessing natural daylight by installing translucent roof sheets in workshops

Use of Liquefied Petroleum Gas in place of Light diesel Oil and Electricity for

heating, wherever applicable .

Installation of Turbo Ventilators in forge and Foundry to extract fumes which do

not require energy to operate

Total recycling and reuse of water

WaterConservation Activities:

y They comprise the following broad areas-

y Water Management System

y Intake Management

y Maintenance of water distribution network

y Quality of water (portability checks)

y Optimization and leakage surveysy Water re-circulation systems

y Water boosting systems

y Clean production processes.

y Rain water harvesting projects

y Reducing CO2 Emissions and Increasing Fuel Efficiency

RELIANCE INDUSTRIES LIMITED

In its pursuit of excellence towards sustainable development and to go beyond

compliance, RIL continued to integrate its ISO:14001 EMS, ISO:9000 QMS and

ISO:18001 OSHA management systems. All environmental initiatives were

addressed to the Company's long term objective of becoming water positive, carbon

neutral and conduct the maximum possible recycling and reuse of wastes. A

management framework with defined structures, roles and responsibilities, group

standards, audits and training has further been strengthened


5/17

NIFT Kannur


Environment impact assessment and risk analysis have been performed for all new

and major expansion projects. In this context, this year the Company has also

developed and issued a RIL group standard and second party audit protocol on

'Environmental requirements for new projects' with an objective to incorporate

necessary measures to mitigate adverse environmental impact at the planning stage

of project implementation.

RIL continues to give top priority to maintenance and performance improvements of

all pollution abatement facilities like effluent treatment plants, inside battery limits

area, air emission control and waste disposal facilities at its manufacturing divisions.

Rainwater harvesting and treated effluent recycling is being carried out at most

manufacturing divisions to reduce water dependence on other natural sources. To

further improve the environmental foot print a significant step, RIL has changed overto use of cleaner fuel at Patalganga, Jamnagar manufacturing divisions. This has

resulted in considerable reduction of suspended particulate matter and sulphur

dioxide emissions in the air.

RIL has inculcated a habit to be in harmony with nature and in this context,

afforestation, maintenance of green belts, gardens, vermi -compost of waste and its

use as manure, reuse of treated water in horticulture activities are routine.

RIL continues to give top priority to all environmental regulatory compliances at KG -

D6 block and tried for optimum water consumption and reuse of treated waste water.

INFOSYS

Infosys has always adopted a sustainable approach to business. As the world gets

flatter, we have a larger responsibility to achieve a sustainable tomorrow.

Our sustainability policy guides interactions with stakeholders and influences day -to-

day actions. As a responsible corporate citizen, we collaborate with customers and

governments to develop sustainable solutions and governance frameworks. We


6/17

NIFT Kannur


engage with the United Nations Global Compact for coordinated action towards

sustainable development.

Social Contract

We are committed to an equitable society. Our employees make a difference by

taking up social causes in healthcare, education, art and culture, rural rehab ilitation

and inclusive growth.

Resource Efficiency

We are responsible consumers of energy and natural resources. Our long-term

vision is to become water sustainable. We are reducing our ecological impact even

as we grow our global operations.

Green Innovation

We develop sustainable solutions to reduce the carbon footprint o f our customers.

We combine sustainability with engineering to develop smart and green products.


7/17

NIFT Kannur


ITC LIMITED

In consonance with our belief and the need to promote

greater awareness and acceptance of sustainability amongst corporates, ITC

together with the Confederation of Indian Industry, has launched the CII -ITCCentreof Excellence for Sustainable Development.

We are engaged in implementing various other sustainable development initiatives to

make a meaningful contribution towards social empowerment and genderised

development. The thrust of these initiatives, christened Mission Sunehra Kal, is in

three areas: (i) natural resource management, which includes wasteland,

watershed and agriculture development; (ii) sustainable livelihoods, comprising

genetic improvement in livestock and economic empowerment of women; and (iii)community development, with focus on primary education and health and sanitation.

We have also been carbon positive for the last two years. This status has been

achieved on the basis of several energy conservation measures, usage of carbon

neutral fuels and carbon sequestration through large -scale agro-forestry

programmes.


8/17

NIFT Kannur


We continue to strive towards achieving a zero solid waste discharge status, having

recycled over 90% of solid waste produced during the year. This makes us, to the

best of my knowledge, the only business enterprise in the world of our size and

complexity to accomplish these three dimensions of environmental excellence an

extremely challenging task given the fact that we are continuously expanding our

manufacturing operations.

WAL MART

In 2005, we made a commitment to become a

more environmentally sustainable retailer. They set ambitious goals for the

Company and adopted an approach called "Sustainability 360". This approach

involves taking a comprehensive view of the business both inside and out to

find ways to reduce environmental impact while engaging suppliers, associates

and customers around the world in sustainability efforts.


9/17

NIFT Kannur


Overall, Sustainability 360 recognizes ability to make a difference on the

environment, and that this difference pales in comparison to the results they can

achieve by leveraging entire global supply chain. By working with their suppliers to

improve the sustainability of the manufacturing processes and use of products sold

in stores, we hope to show our customers that they don't have to pay more for

products that can reduce their impact on the environment.

APPLE

Product recyclability.

Apples approach to recycling begins in the design stage, when we create compact,

efficient products that require less material to produce. The materials we do use

including arsenic-free glass, high-grade aluminum, and strong polycarbonate are

highly valuable to recyclers, who can reclaim them for use in new products.

Apple recyclingprograms.

Once an Apple product reaches the end of its useful life, we will help you recycle it

responsibly. Our original goal for 2010 was to achieve a worldwide recycling rate of

50 percent. (To calculate this rate, we use a measurement proposed by Dell that

assumes a seven-year product lifetime. The weight of the materials we recycle each

year is compared to the total weight of the products Apple sold seven years earlier.)

We exceeded that goal in 2009, one year earlier than projected, when we achieved a

rate of 66.4 percent. This far surpasses the last reported numbers from Dell and HP,

which were each lower than 20 percent. In 2010, we expect to reach 70 percent, and

we will strive to meet or exceed 70 percent in years to come.


10/17

NIFT Kannur


Responsible recycling.

All e-waste collected by Apple-controlled voluntary and regulatory programs

worldwide is processed in the region in which it was collected. Apple does not allow

the use of prison labor at any stage of the recycling process. Nor do we allow the

disposal of hazardous electronic waste in solid-waste landfills or incinerators

Energy use.

Apple reduces energy use in our facilities in a number of ways. Currently, our

facilities in Austin, Texas, Sacramento, California, and Cork, Ireland, are 100

percent powered by renewable energy eliminating 19,200 metric tons of CO 2e

emissions. In addition, Apple has been installing state -of-the-art digital controls, high-

efficiency mechanical equipment, and monitoring technology for years, and we

continue to investigate even better ways to run our facilities more efficiently. Of

course, we use energy-efficient Apple computers in all our facilities.

WORLD STEEL INDUSTRIES


11/17


12/17

NIF4

5 6 7 7 8 9

S8

s@

6 A 7 6 B C e

D 9 E F 8 c

@

A E 7

processes, resulting in lower roduction costs and reduced environmental

ollutants.

The operational results successfully demonstrated the feasibility of the process.

Theyalsoshowedgreatlyreduced S , , anddustemissions from theFI EX

processby %, %, and %, respectively, compared to theblast furnaceroute.

Eliminating thesinteringandcokingprocesses alsoimprovesenergyefficiency.

P SC f ully expects FI EX technology to emerge as a leading ironmaking

technology that will contribute to thesustainablegrowthof thesteel industry in thestcentury.

Nucors Environmentally Friendly Pig Iron

Amidgrowingconcernabout global warmingandnatural resource depletion, ucor

Corporation, the largest steel producer in the nited States, and Brazilian-based

Companhia Valedo io oce(CV ), a leading international miningcompany, are

working togethertomanufacturepig iron in anenvironmentall consciousway .

ucor has proposed a method to produce pig iron that actually removes carbon

dioxide from theatmosphereratherthan increasingit.

Thekey to theproject isa largebiomasscomprisedofmillionsofeucalyptus trees.

hilst carbon isreleased into the atmosphereduring the charringandblast furnace

processes, the amount is less than that of the carbon originally removed by

eucalyptus treesduringphotosynthesis. Therefore, insteadofresulting inanoverall

increase in theamountofatmosphericcarbon, as is thecasewithconventionalpig

ironproduction, theamountactuallydecreases.

nce implemented the projectwill remove about 1.1 tonnes of carbondioxide

from the atmosphere for every tonne of the pig iron produced. This is to be

compared with theconventionalmethodofproducingpig ironduringwhichcarbon


13/17


14/17

NIFT Kannur


EfficiW X

Y

U` W a

f Resources by the Gerb c X

SteelIX

d

ustry

Improved efficiency in the use of resources results in the direct reduction of energy

consumption and CO2 emissions. The German steel industry has continually

improved the efficiency of their raw materials use. The graph demonstrates how

they have optimised the conversion of iron ore into finished steel products.

The Enere

y Management Process at Erf

emir

Erdemir, an integrated Turkish steelmaker, employs an Energy Management

Process in order to systematically monitor and control its energy consumption

values and to implement necessary improvement projects to achieve specific

reduction targets.

By using this management process and implementing various energy saving projects

and productivity improvements, Erdemir has been able to improve its specific energy

consumption by 38% since 1982. Erdemirs Energy Management Process was

rewarded by the Ministry of Energy of Turkey as the second most efficient energy-

saving project in the country in 200g.

The ThyssenKruppSolartec PhotovoltaicSystem


15/17

NIFh

i p q q r s

Sr

st

p u q p v w e

x s y r c

t

u y q

ThyssenKrupp Steel affiliate ThyssenKrupp oesch Bausysteme offers the

innovativeThyssenKrupp Solartecphotovoltaic(PV)system. Thesystemcomprises

thin, galvanised, and plastic-coated steel sheet with integrated solar cells that

enablenatural sunlight tobeconverted intoelectricity. The thermal characteristicsof

the solar laminate and the heat removal capacity of the steel elements contribute

further to thesystemsefficiency, which isupto % higherthanconventional PV

units.

Environmental Guidelines for Eco Efficient Construction in Finland

A project called Environmental Performance Indicators for the Construction

Industry (EPI) was launched in to work out a set of indicators for the

environmental and life-cycleperformanceofbuildings.

uukki, aFinnishmetals-basedproviderofcomponents, systems, and total solutions

for the construction industry, was a member of the EPI project. uukki will help to

meet thechallengeof theFinnish eal Estate and Construction Clusters vision

byofferingrecyclable, lightweight, andadaptablesteelbased structures.

Mittal Steel Saldan

a A Commitment to Zero Effluent

Saldanha Steel (Pty) td, asubsidiary of ittal Steel South Africa td, is situatedon

the waterscarce est Coast region of South Africa.C

losed coolingsystems wereinstalled wherever possible. Reverseosmosis technology was installed to allow

effluent from all open and closed cooling systems to be re-used. Various pre-

treatment facilities werealso installed to effectivelydesalinate thewater. SS also

maintainsexcellentwaterconsumption figuresofbetween 2.2and2.6 m3 per

tonne of crude steel produced. It has also contributed to the sustainable

developmentof the localarea, with anaveragedailywaterconsumption of

m3

perday, wellbelowthe plantsdailyallocation.

CST

ater Conservation

Since itsestablishment in Brazil in , Companhia Siderrgica deTubaro(CST),

asubsidiaryof Arcelorandaworld leader in the semi-finishedsteel market, hashad

a water resource management system in place to ensure sustainability and


16/17

NIF

S

s

e

c

minimal impact on supply sources. Continual improvements in water consumption

ratesearnedCSTthe Prmio guaeCidade ( aterand City Award) in 4.

IronandSteel RecyclingLoop in Japan

Over million tonnesofcrude steel areproducedannually in apan. Virtuallyall

steel productsused, forexample inconstruction, automobilesormachinery, return to

their places of origin, the steelmakers. Thus, obsolete steel is continually being

regenerated through a complementary system of blast furnace and electric arc

furnace steelmakers. The recycling of steel products helps to reduce societys

environmental load, contributingto thesustainable developmentofsociety.

In , approximately % offerrousraw materialswere madeupofrecycled

scrap, and % of crude steel was made via the EAF(electric arc furnace)

route.


17/17

NIF

S s

e c

Co

NCU

o

N

Humanresourceconsumptionworldwide isnowonanexponential growthcurve, and

it must level off if we are to avoid overloading the earth's ability to sustain us.

Sustainable engineering must sustain the earth's life-support system byunderstanding the needs of our resources and regarding those needs as

supersedingdemands forproductionofcommodities.

Our ability as a species to imagine new tools and new worlds and then to create

themhasbeen thesourceofourexpandingpower. Our innovation todatehashad

unintended consequences that we must deal with to survive as a species. The

critical issuewe face is to turnourgreat innovativecapacity to thecentral challenge

of thiscentury: creatingasustainablewayof lifeonaplanet with limitedresources

andanexpandingpopulation.

Documents

Sustainability in Various Industries