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Survey of Industrial & Commercial Waste Generated in Wales 2012 Technical Appendices Rev No FINAL
Published by: Natural Resources Wales Cambria House 29 Newport Road Cardiff CF24 0TP 0300 065 3000 (Mon-Fri, 8am - 6pm) [email protected] www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk © Natural Resources Wales All rights reserved. This document may be reproduced with prior permission of Natural Resources Wales
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page i Contents www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
Contents
Appendix 1 Detailed Results ................................................................................................ 1 Appendix 2 Sample frame design and size calculations .................................................... 24 Appendix 3 Survey delivery and quality assurance detail .................................................. 30
Appendix 4 Survey questionnaire ...................................................................................... 36 Appendix 5 Sectors surveyed ............................................................................................ 38
Appendix 6 Waste descriptions .......................................................................................... 41 Appendix 7 Waste Management Methods ......................................................................... 44 Appendix 8 Standard Container Types .............................................................................. 45 Appendix 9 Conversion factors .......................................................................................... 46
Appendix 10 Standard items .............................................................................................. 49 Appendix 11 Lessons learned ............................................................................................ 50
Appendix 12 Data Grossing Methodology.......................................................................... 51 Appendix 13 Glossary and abbreviations........................................................................... 59
Tables
Table 1: Waste generated (excluding non-wastes) in Wales 2012, in thousands of tonnes by Business Sizeband (employees) and Industrial and Commercial Sector ........................ 2
Table 2: Waste generated (excluding non-wastes), in thousands of tonnes, by Waste Type (SOC Group) and Industrial Sector ...................................................................................... 3 Table 3: Waste generated (excluding non-wastes), in thousands of tonnes, by Waste Type (SOC Group) and Commercial Sector ................................................................................. 4 Table 4: Waste generated (excluding non- wastes) in Wales 2012, in thousands of tonnes, by Waste Management and Industrial Sector ...................................................................... 5 Table 5: Waste generated (excluding non- wastes) in Wales 2012, in thousands of tonnes, by Waste Management and Commercial Sector .................................................................. 6
Table 6: Industrial and Commercial waste generated in Wales 2012 (excluding non-wastes), in thousands of tonnes, by Waste Type (SOC Group) and Business Size (employee number) .............................................................................................................. 7 Table 7: Industrial & Commercial waste generated (excluding non-wastes) in Wales 2012, in thousands of tonnes, by Waste Management Methods and Business Size (employee) .. 8 Table 8: Waste Generated (including non-wastes) in Wales 2012, in thousands of tonnes by Business Sizeband (employees) and Industrial and Commercial Sector ...................... 10 Table 9: Waste generated (including non- wastes) in Wales 2012, in thousands of tonnes, by Waste Management Method and Business Size (employee) ........................................ 11
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page ii Contents www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
Table 10: Waste generated (including non- wastes) in Wales 2012, in thousands of tonnes, by Waste Type and Waste Management Method .............................................................. 13 Table 11: Waste type generated by region in Wales, in thousand tonnes (excluding non- wastes) 14 Table 12: Waste generated in Wales 2012 (excluding and including non-wastes), by Waste Management Methods by Region in Wales, in thousands of tonnes ................................. 15 Table 13: Waste Types generated by sector for North Wales (excluding and including non-wastes), in thousands of tonnes ........................................................................................ 17 Table 14: Waste Types generated by Sector for South East Wales (excluding and including non-wastes), in thousands of tonnes .................................................................. 18
Table 15: Waste Types generated by Sector for South West Wales (excluding and including non-wastes), in thousands of tonnes .................................................................. 19 Table 16: Waste Type (SOC Group) generated by Waste Management Method, in thousands of tonnes in North Wales (excluding non-wastes) ............................................ 20
Table 17: Waste Type (SOC Group) generated by Waste Management Method, in thousands of tonnes in South East Wales (excluding non-wastes) .................................... 21
Table 18: Waste Type (SOC Group) generated by Waste Management Method, in thousands of tonnes in South West Wales (excluding non-wastes) ................................... 22 Table 19: Hazardous Waste generated in Wales 2012, in thousands of tonnes by Waste type and management method (excluding non-wastes) .................................................... 23
Table 20: Sectors used to stratify the I&C sample frame ................................................... 24
Table 21: Size bands used to stratify the I&C sample frame ............................................. 25 Table 22: ONS population of business units (March 2012 figures) .................................... 26
Table 23: I&C sample frame: percentage of business units to be sampled in each brick .. 29 Table 24: Bricks where no businesses could be surveyed ................................................. 53 Table 25: Statistically significant difference t-test results ................................................... 55
Figures
Figure 1 Example of an outlier check using STATA .................................................... 35
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 1 Appendix 1 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
Appendix 1 Detailed Results 1. National Waste Generated
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 2 Appendix 1 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
Table 1: Waste generated (excluding non-wastes) in Wales 2012, in thousands of tonnes by Business Sizeband (employees) and Industrial and Commercial Sector Type
Sector
Employee Sizebands Total
1-2 3-4 5-9 10-19 20-49 50-99 100-249 250+
I Food products, beverages and tobacco 0.48 1.37 2.77 0.97 20.09 51.10 118.28 259.34 454.40
I Textiles, wearing apparel, leather 8.11 8.11
I Wood and wood products 61.95 61.95
I Paper and paper products 1.46 0.77 0.62 4.60 26.05 32.17 34.50 5.16 105.33
I Coke and petroleum products 24.43 24.43
I Chemicals, pharmaceutical, rubber and plastic products 0.48 2.24 0.97 7.94 16.96 66.96 23.76 4.54 123.85
I Other non-metallic mineral products 43.18 43.18
I Basic metals and metal products 14.76 0.61 1.22 8.76 39.76 9.34 46.26 280.27 400.99
I Computer, electrical equipment, machinery and motors 0.45 0.17 0.69 2.74 3.25 7.41 10.46 68.19 93.36
I Furniture, other manufacturing, repair and installation 14.64 4.04 0.62 0.80 6.51 3.99 21.19 13.17 64.97
I Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply 0.18 0.04 0.03 1.93 6.88 0.34 33.32 570.27 612.97
I Water collection, treatment and supply 0.15 0.03 6.54 0.24 0.12 0.06 0.22 0.00 7.36
Industrial sub total 40.77 15.43 19.74 33.11 129.79 184.32 350.32 1227.42 2000.91
C Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles 123.79 44.51 95.55 105.01 254.90 62.21 127.22 46.23 859.42
C Transportation and storage 14.29 2.02 0.98 3.45 13.72 5.49 28.33 2.36 70.63
C Accommodation and food service activities 37.41 40.98 34.64 45.31 56.13 18.53 7.16 4.53 244.69
C Information and communication 3.02 0.52 2.37 1.48 0.15 0.59 4.18 1.27 13.58
C Financial and insurance activities 1.08 1.02 2.25 2.69 1.43 0.99 0.32 4.12 13.89
C Real estate activities 1.10 0.86 5.47 0.91 0.57 0.91 0.26 2.16 12.24
C Professional, scientific and technical activities 17.84 3.88 3.48 35.34 3.41 5.13 2.78 2.34 74.20
C Administrative and support service activities 2.90 2.53 1.98 27.36 5.84 0.95 10.57 1.48 53.62
C Public admin and defence, compulsory social security 0.01 2.25 5.33 0.77 7.61 3.54 8.17 16.33 44.00
C Education 1.01 0.97 3.88 4.30 23.38 12.55 24.74 30.36 101.20
C Human health and social work activities 2.07 5.45 11.10 8.99 10.43 21.11 32.61 32.45 124.21
C Arts, entertainment and recreation 0.72 1.36 9.79 8.68 9.17 4.27 3.20 3.82 41.02
C Other services 1.40 2.02 2.53 2.96 1.31 0.93 0.70 0.76 12.60
Commercial sub total 206.61 108.39 179.34 247.25 388.06 137.20 250.26 148.20 1665.31
Grand Total 247.38 123.82 199.08 280.36 517.85 321.52 556.51 1419.69 3666.22
Notes: column and row totals may not exactly match owing to rounding of figures; some cells have been merged as a data disclosive prevention measure; levels of precision vary within the table above.
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 3 Appendix 1 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
Table 2: Waste generated (excluding non-wastes), in thousands of tonnes, by Waste Type (SOC Group) and Industrial Sector
Waste Type
Food products, beverage
s and tobacco
Textiles, wearing apparel, leather
Wood and wood
products
Paper and paper
products
Coke and petroleum products
Chemicals, pharmaceutical, rubber and plastic products
Other non-
metallic mineral
products
Basic metals
and metal products
Computer, electrical
equipment, machinery and motors
Furniture, Other
manufacturing, Repair and installation
Electricity, gas, steam
and air conditioning
supply
Water collection, treatment
and supply
Total
Chemical Wastes
0.55 0.05 3.57 3.02 18.77 70.96 5.68 32.03 11.63 0.63 3.75 0.07 150.71
Health care and biological wastes
6.97 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.22 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 3.13 0.00 10.39
Metallic wastes 8.81 0.06 7.17 1.33 1.18 2.66 8.54 193.38 34.66 7.34 1.66 0.01 266.80
Non- metallic Wastes
26.11 5.50 37.24 65.01 0.08 27.72 13.27 38.94 25.79 42.36 0.30 0.12 282.44
Discarded Equipment
0.08 0.01 0.00 0.05 0.02 0.20 0.12 0.40 1.50 0.23 0.14 0.00 2.75
Animal Wastes 310.80 0.00 0.03 0.02 0.00 0.13 0.00 0.11 0.14 0.02 0.88 0.02 312.15
Mixed Wastes 18.28 2.49 4.24 9.87 1.57 16.40 6.77 16.44 17.27 14.06 2.74 0.74 110.87
Common sludge’s (excluding dredging spoils)
81.77 0.00 0.00 25.58 2.25 0.09 1.89 3.90 1.12 0.01 0.01 6.32 122.94
Mineral Wastes 1.04 0.00 9.70 0.45 0.57 5.48 6.89 115.40 1.23 0.28 600.37 0.09 741.50
Naturally occurring soil and mineral materials
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.40 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.40
Total 454.40 8.11 61.95 105.33 24.44 123.85 43.18 400.99 93.36 64.97 612.97 7.36 2000.91
Note: column and row totals may not exactly match owing to rounding of figures; levels of precision vary within the table above
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 4 Appendix 1 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
Table 3: Waste generated (excluding non-wastes), in thousands of tonnes, by Waste Type (SOC Group) and Commercial Sector
Waste Type
Wh
ole
sale
an
d r
eta
il t
rad
e;
rep
air
of
mo
tor
veh
icle
s
Tra
ns
po
rtati
on
an
d s
tora
ge
Acco
mm
od
ati
on
an
d f
oo
d
serv
ice a
cti
vit
ies
Info
rmati
on
an
d c
om
mu
nic
ati
on
Fin
an
cia
l an
d in
su
ran
ce
acti
vit
ies
Real
esta
te a
cti
vit
ies
Pro
fessio
nal, s
cie
nti
fic a
nd
tech
nic
al
acti
vit
ies
Ad
min
istr
ati
ve a
nd
su
pp
ort
serv
ice a
cti
vit
ies
Pu
bli
c a
dm
in a
nd
de
fen
ce,
co
mp
uls
ory
so
cia
l secu
rity
Ed
uc
ati
on
Hu
man
he
alt
h a
nd
so
cia
l w
ork
acti
vit
ies
Art
s,
en
tert
ain
men
t an
d
recre
ati
on
Oth
er
serv
ices
To
tal
Chemical Wastes 6.36 2.36 0.77 0.00 0.08 0.00 6.44 0.02 0.03 0.20 0.01 0.08 0.00 16.35
Health care and biological wastes 1.30 0.01 1.97 0.04 0.07 0.04 1.00 0.09 0.18 0.74 30.11 0.51 0.10 36.16
Metallic wastes 14.56 3.54 1.19 0.03 0.16 0.09 15.44 0.87 2.66 0.60 0.44 0.43 0.03 40.04
Non- metallic Wastes 539.42 12.92 89.65 5.62 7.00 1.73 13.48 33.70 7.07 20.07 19.70 10.74 3.33 764.43
Discarded Equipment 16.72 7.80 0.10 1.13 0.27 0.16 0.48 0.12 1.59 0.53 0.56 1.62 0.25 31.33
Animal Wastes 15.18 0.01 19.86 0.06 0.05 2.13 2.29 1.38 5.19 4.72 2.95 1.27 0.17 55.26
Mixed Wastes 260.44 43.23 123.30 6.71 6.28 7.82 34.49 17.30 25.37 72.21 70.44 25.33 8.68 701.60
Common sludges (excluding dredging spoils)
0.06 0.17 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.05 0.05 1.33
Mineral Wastes 5.39 0.42 7.86 0.00 0.00 0.28 0.59 0.14 1.91 2.12 0.00 0.00 0.00 18.71
Naturally occurring soil and mineral materials
0.00 0.19 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.19
Total 859.42 70.63 244.69 13.58 13.90 12.24 74.20 53.62 44.00 101.20 124.21 41.02 12.61 1665.32
Note: column and row totals may not exactly match owing to rounding of figures; levels of precision vary within the table above
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 5 Appendix 1 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
Table 4: Waste generated (excluding non- wastes) in Wales 2012, in thousands of tonnes, by Waste Management and Industrial Sector
Industrial Sector Preparation for Re-use
Recycling Composting Landfill Land
recovery
Thermal Treatment
with Energy
Recovery
Thermal Treatment
without Energy
Recovery
Treatment plant
Transfer station
Other Don't know
Total
Food products, beverages and tobacco 164.97 40.86 8.04 13.28 137.23 2.04 44.14 32.79 0.00 8.63 2.43 454.41
Textiles, wearing apparel, leather 0.50 5.06 0.00 2.23 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.28 8.11
Wood and wood products 28.91 3.87 0.00 7.66 0.00 1.94 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.00 19.55 61.96
Paper and paper products 16.88 53.02 0.00 5.51 25.56 2.43 0.20 0.38 0.00 0.00 1.35 105.33
Coke and petroleum products 0.03 4.68 0.00 1.01 0.00 0.00 3.49 15.22 0.00 0.00 0.00 24.43
Chemicals, pharmaceutical, rubber and plastic products
3.24 32.52 0.00 16.50 0.01 30.04 3.37 35.93 0.01 0.55 1.68 123.85
Other non-metallic mineral products 3.22 19.83 0.00 10.31 0.10 0.03 0.38 5.42 0.04 0.04 3.82 43.19
Basic metals and metal products 125.66 229.99 0.01 25.05 2.36 1.28 0.91 12.13 0.03 0.00 3.57 400.99
Computer, electrical equipment, machinery and motors
5.00 65.09 0.13 10.48 0.00 2.15 1.61 4.36 0.01 0.00 4.54 93.37
Furniture, other manufacturing, repair and installation
3.90 38.70 0.00 8.56 0.00 2.62 11.01 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.11 64.95
Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply
138.59 2.70 0.06 433.17 30.31 0.02 0.11 7.09 0.01 0.82 0.07 612.95
Water collection, treatment and supply 6.32 0.31 0.00 0.63 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 7.35
Total 497.22 496.63 8.24 534.39 195.57 42.63 65.23 113.40 0.10 10.05 37.44 2000.90
Note: column and row totals may not exactly match owing to rounding of figures; levels of precision vary within the table above
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 6 Appendix 1 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
Table 5: Waste generated (excluding non- wastes) in Wales 2012, in thousands of tonnes, by Waste Management and Commercial Sector
Commercial Sector Preparation for Re-use
Recycling Composting Landfill Land
recovery
Thermal Treatment
with Energy
Recovery
Thermal Treatment
without Energy
Recovery
Treatment plant
Transfer station
Other Don't know
Total
Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles
14.91 664.88 10.49 138.81 0.00 12.77 1.27 1.53 0.01 0.12 14.62 859.41
Transportation and storage 1.04 49.19 0.19 15.71 0.00 0.03 0.06 0.41 0.00 0.47 3.54 70.64
Accommodation and food service activities
4.48 124.97 6.52 87.58 0.46 0.26 1.52 1.58 0.00 0.01 17.31 244.69
Information and communication 0.03 8.29 0.06 3.03 0.00 0.03 0.10 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.03 13.57
Financial and insurance activities 0.66 7.69 0.00 4.87 0.00 0.00 0.24 0.00 0.00 0.44 0.00 13.90
Real estate activities 0.03 2.71 1.74 6.14 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.58 12.24
Professional, scientific and technical activities
3.92 39.39 0.65 22.58 0.00 0.38 0.71 2.18 0.00 0.50 3.88 74.19
Administrative and support service activities
17.48 21.76 0.39 12.28 0.00 0.00 0.23 0.00 0.16 0.07 1.24 53.61
Public admin and defence, compulsory social security
1.07 22.35 0.58 14.86 0.00 0.02 0.13 3.71 0.00 0.00 1.28 44.00
Education 0.17 52.99 3.07 43.71 0.00 0.02 0.26 0.56 0.00 0.03 0.39 101.20
Human health and social work activities
0.58 35.49 1.18 59.85 0.00 6.32 9.00 9.65 0.00 0.38 1.75 124.20
Arts, entertainment and recreation 1.58 21.64 0.27 15.47 0.00 0.03 1.43 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.60 41.02
Other services 0.35 7.78 0.15 4.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.26 12.60
Total 46.32 1059.14 25.28 428.90 0.46 19.87 14.98 19.62 0.18 2.08 48.50 1665.33
Note: column and row totals may not exactly match owing to rounding of figures; levels of precision vary within the table above
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 7 Appendix 1 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
Table 6: Industrial and Commercial waste generated in Wales 2012 (excluding non-wastes), in thousands of tonnes, by Waste Type (SOC Group) and Business Size (employee number)
Waste Type
Employee Sizeband Total 1-2 3-4 5-9 10-19 20-49 50-99 100-249 250+
Chemical Wastes 0.58 0.95 2.33 4.86 12.80 64.01 23.00 58.52 167.05
Health care and biological wastes 1.10 0.60 3.01 1.80 6.22 8.08 3.98 21.75 46.53
Metallic wastes 17.75 4.75 3.47 24.26 9.29 15.50 41.47 190.35 306.83
Non Metallic Wastes 113.94 47.38 84.17 141.73 324.99 79.94 149.32 105.40 1046.85
Discarded Equipment 0.93 7.67 7.56 1.42 10.47 1.26 2.08 2.68 34.07
Animal Waste 4.39 2.34 5.94 5.71 26.77 42.26 66.75 213.21 367.37
Mixed Wastes 105.99 56.95 83.38 88.67 121.42 77.23 177.88 100.95 812.47
Common sludge’s (excluding dredging spoils)
0.00 0.39 7.67 1.06 0.45 26.07 52.08 36.54 124.26
Mineral Wastes 2.71 2.79 1.56 10.86 5.43 7.01 39.56 690.29 760.21
Naturally occurring soil and mineral materials 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.19 0.40 0.00 0.59
Total 247.38 123.82 199.08 280.36 517.85 321.53 556.51 1419.69 3666.22
Note: column and row totals may not exactly match owing to rounding of figures; levels of precision vary within the table above
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 8 Appendix 1 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
Table 7: Industrial & Commercial waste generated (excluding non-wastes) in Wales 2012, in thousands of tonnes, by Waste Management Methods and Business Size (employee)
Type
Waste Management Type
Employee Size Bands Total 1-2 3-4 5-9 10-19 20-49 50-99 100-249 250+
I Preparation for re-use on site 0.00 0.08 0.10 1.04 3.49 0.21 1.03 61.07 67.02
I Preparation for re-use off site 1.92 5.82 3.92 0.59 17.94 1.12 22.45 367.41 421.18
I Other preparation for re-use 0.00 0.00 6.32 0.00 0.13 0.13 1.19 1.26 9.03
I Recycling 31.61 5.76 4.59 22.01 65.42 40.75 107.78 218.71 496.63
I Windrow composting 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.04 0.00 0.01 0.01 5.06
I In-Vessel Composting 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.09 0.61 0.76
I Anaerobic Digestion (AD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 2.27 2.28
I Other composting 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.03 0.06 0.14
I Land recovery 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 62.28 85.26 48.03 195.57
I Incineration with energy recovery 0.39 0.39 1.05 0.73 1.35 26.51 7.87 4.33 42.63
I Incineration without energy recovery 0.12 0.00 0.03 0.01 3.29 3.79 23.64 34.35 65.23
I Land disposal 5.25 3.35 2.57 7.57 18.91 11.89 21.69 463.15 534.39
I Treated - physio/chemical 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.49 11.90 6.21 17.80 42.40
I Treated - biological 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.05 10.89 0.00 1.27 17.21
I Separation 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.98 7.95 4.56 1.50 14.99
I Mechanical Biological Treatment 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.07 4.60 4.67
I Autoclave 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
I Rendering 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12.49 15.28 27.77
I Alternative Treatment Technologies 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.23 0.49 0.44 5.19 6.35
I Transfer Station 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.02 0.01 0.10
I Other 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.40 0.55 9.05 0.03 10.05
I Don't Know 1.47 0.02 1.13 1.08 1.06 5.77 2.37 24.54 37.44
Industrial Sub total 40.77 15.43 19.74 33.11 129.79 184.32 306.26 1271.48 2000.91
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 9 Appendix 1 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
Type
Waste Management Type
Employee Size Bands Total 1-2 3-4 5-9 10-19 20-49 50-99 100-249 250+
C Preparation for re-use on site 0.00 0.01 0.09 0.13 0.02 0.18 0.81 0.00 1.24
C Preparation for re-use off site 2.62 1.02 5.09 18.42 4.32 4.05 5.40 1.73 42.65
C Other preparation for re-use 0.52 0.74 0.02 0.03 0.56 0.46 0.10 0.00 2.42
C Recycling 104.49 74.72 113.28 150.10 293.66 82.29 166.68 73.93 1059.14
C Windrow composting 0.18 0.00 0.33 0.27 0.00 0.27 0.05 0.02 1.12
C In-Vessel Composting 0.92 0.01 1.01 0.46 0.76 0.80 0.79 0.33 5.07
C Anaerobic Digestion (AD) 0.00 0.24 0.00 0.00 0.37 0.29 2.09 3.41 6.40
C Other composting 0.10 0.84 1.03 2.87 2.68 1.43 1.63 2.11 12.68
C Land recovery 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.46 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.46
C Incineration with energy recovery 0.00 0.15 0.07 0.33 0.04 0.39 5.50 13.39 19.87
C Incineration without energy recovery 1.10 0.06 1.82 2.67 1.43 5.31 0.98 1.62 14.98
C Land disposal 89.10 28.16 48.92 57.54 68.93 36.76 61.32 38.17 428.90
C Treated - physio/chemical 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.83 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.02 1.87
C Treated - biological 0.00 0.25 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.06 0.34
C Separation 0.00 0.00 1.44 0.24 0.51 0.41 0.51 0.07 3.18
C Mechanical Biological Treatment 0.00 0.16 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.16
C Autoclave 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01
C Rendering 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01
C Alternative Treatment Technologies 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.11 0.30 1.14 1.11 10.88 14.04
C Transfer Station 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.16 0.01 0.00 0.18
C Other 0.00 0.47 0.91 0.49 0.13 0.01 0.02 0.06 2.08
C Don't Know 7.58 1.57 4.83 11.77 13.89 3.25 3.21 2.41 48.50
Commercial Sub total 206.61 108.39 179.34 247.25 388.06 137.20 250.26 148.20 1665.31
Total 247.38 123.82 199.08 280.36 517.85 321.52 556.51 1419.69 3666.22
Note: column and row totals may not exactly match owing to rounding of figures; levels of precision vary within the table above
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 10 Appendix 1 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
Table 8: Waste Generated (including non-wastes) in Wales 2012, in thousands of tonnes by Business Sizeband (employees) and Industrial and Commercial Sector
Type
Sector
Employee Sizebands Total 1-2 3-4 5-9 10-19 20-49 50-99 100-249 250+
I Food products, beverages and tobacco 0.48 1.37 2.77 0.97 20.09 51.10 118.28 259.34 454.40
I Textiles, wearing apparel, leather 8.11 8.11
I Wood and wood products 73.06 73.06
I Paper and paper products 1.46 0.77 0.62 4.60 26.05 32.17 34.50 5.16 105.33
I Coke and petroleum products 24.43 24.43
I Chemicals, pharmaceutical, rubber and plastic products 0.48 2.24 0.97 7.94 17.11 66.96 23.76 4.54 123.99
I Other non-metallic mineral products 43.18 43.18
I Basic metals and metal products 14.76 0.61 1.22 8.76 40.24 9.35 55.76 2349.07 2479.78
I Computer, electrical equipment, machinery and motors 0.45 0.17 0.69 2.74 3.25 7.41 10.46 68.19 93.36
I Furniture, other manufacturing, repair and installation 14.64 4.09 0.62 0.80 6.51 3.99 21.19 13.17 65.02
I Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply 39.87 0.04 0.03 1.93 6.88 0.34 33.32 570.27 652.66
I Water collection, treatment and supply 0.15 0.03 6.54 0.24 0.12 0.06 0.22 0.00 7.36
Industrial sub total 82.43 15.48 19.74 33.11 135.68 188.11 359.92 3296.22 4130.70
C Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles 124.20 44.51 96.13 105.01 254.93 62.31 128.87 46.23 862.19
C Transportation and storage 14.29 2.02 0.98 3.64 14.43 5.49 28.33 2.36 71.53
C Accommodation and food service activities 37.41 40.98 34.64 45.31 56.13 18.53 7.16 4.53 244.69
C Information and communication 3.02 0.52 2.37 1.48 0.15 0.59 4.18 1.27 13.58
C Financial and insurance activities 1.08 1.02 2.25 2.69 1.43 0.99 0.32 4.12 13.90
C Real estate activities 1.10 0.86 5.47 0.91 0.57 0.91 0.26 2.16 12.24
C Professional, scientific and technical activities 17.84 4.38 3.48 35.34 3.41 5.13 2.78 2.34 74.70
C Administrative and support service activities 2.90 2.53 2.01 27.36 5.84 0.95 10.57 1.48 53.64
C Public admin and defence, compulsory social security 0.01 2.25 5.33 0.77 7.61 3.54 8.17 16.33 44.00
C Education 1.01 0.97 3.88 4.30 23.38 12.55 24.74 30.36 101.20
C Human health and social work activities 2.07 5.45 11.10 8.99 10.43 21.11 32.61 32.45 124.21
C Arts, entertainment and recreation 0.72 1.39 9.79 8.68 9.17 4.27 3.20 3.82 41.05
C Other services 1.40 2.02 2.53 2.96 1.31 0.93 0.70 0.76 12.60
Commercial sub total 207.02 108.92 179.95 247.44 388.80 137.30 251.90 148.20 1669.54
Grand Total 289.45 124.40 199.70 280.55 524.49 325.41 567.76 3488.49 5800.24
Notes: column and row totals may not exactly match owing to rounding of figures; some cells have been merged as a data disclosive prevention measure; levels of precision vary within the table above
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 11 Appendix 1 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
Table 9: Waste generated (including non- wastes) in Wales 2012, in thousands of tonnes, by Waste Management Method and Business Size (employee)
Type
Waste Management Type
Employee Sizebands Total 1-2 3-4 5-9 10-19 20-49 50-99 100-249 250+
I Preparation for re-use on site 1.97 0.13 0.10 1.04 6.40 1.00 1.65 649.55 661.85
I Preparation for re-use off site 2.27 5.82 3.92 0.59 18.43 1.12 31.32 1847.72 1911.20
I Other preparation for re-use 0.00 0.00 6.32 0.00 0.13 0.13 1.21 1.26 9.05
I Recycling 31.61 5.76 4.59 22.01 67.92 43.75 107.78 218.71 502.13
I Windrow composting 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.04 0.00 0.01 0.01 5.06
I In-Vessel Composting 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.09 0.61 0.76
I Anaerobic Digestion (AD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 2.27 2.28
I Other composting 35.78 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.03 0.06 35.91
I Land recovery 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 62.28 85.26 48.03 195.57
I Incineration with energy recovery 3.96 0.39 1.05 0.73 1.35 26.51 7.95 4.33 46.28
I Incineration without energy recovery 0.12 0.00 0.03 0.01 3.29 3.79 23.64 34.35 65.23
I Land disposal 5.25 3.35 2.57 7.57 18.91 11.89 21.69 463.15 534.39
I Treated - physio/chemical 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.49 11.90 6.21 17.80 42.40
I Treated - biological 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.05 10.89 0.00 1.27 17.21
I Separation 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.98 7.95 4.56 1.50 14.99
I Mechanical Biological Treatment 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.07 4.60 4.67
I Autoclave 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
I Rendering 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12.49 15.28 27.77
I Alternative Treatment Technologies 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.23 0.49 0.44 5.19 6.35
I Transfer Station 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.02 0.01 0.10
I Other 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.40 0.55 9.05 0.03 10.05
I Don't Know 1.47 0.02 1.13 1.08 1.06 5.77 2.37 24.54 37.44
Industrial Sub total 82.43 15.48 19.74 33.11 135.68 188.11 315.86 3340.28 4130.70
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 12 Appendix 1 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
Type
Waste Management Type
Employee Sizebands Total 1-2 3-4 5-9 10-19 20-49 50-99 100-249 250+
C Preparation for re-use on site 0.41 0.54 0.27 0.31 0.76 0.28 2.46 0.00 5.04
C Preparation for re-use off site 2.62 1.02 5.52 18.42 4.32 4.05 5.40 1.73 43.08
C Other preparation for re-use 0.52 0.74 0.02 0.03 0.56 0.46 0.10 0.00 2.42
C Recycling 104.49 74.72 113.28 150.10 293.66 82.29 166.68 73.93 1059.14
C Windrow composting 0.18 0.00 0.33 0.27 0.00 0.27 0.05 0.02 1.12
C In-Vessel Composting 0.92 0.01 1.01 0.46 0.76 0.80 0.79 0.33 5.07
C Anaerobic Digestion (AD) 0.00 0.24 0.00 0.00 0.37 0.29 2.09 3.41 6.40
C Other composting 0.10 0.84 1.03 2.87 2.68 1.43 1.63 2.11 12.68
C Land recovery 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.46 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.46
C Incineration with energy recovery 0.00 0.15 0.07 0.33 0.04 0.39 5.50 13.39 19.87
C Incineration without energy recovery 1.10 0.06 1.82 2.67 1.43 5.31 0.98 1.62 14.98
C Land disposal 89.10 28.16 48.92 57.54 68.93 36.76 61.32 38.17 428.90
C Treated - physio/chemical 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.83 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.02 1.87
C Treated - biological 0.00 0.25 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.06 0.34
C Separation 0.00 0.00 1.44 0.24 0.51 0.41 0.51 0.07 3.18
C Mechanical Biological Treatment 0.00 0.16 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.16
C Autoclave 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01
C Rendering 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01
C Alternative Treatment Technologies 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.11 0.30 1.14 1.11 10.88 14.04
C Transfer Station 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.16 0.01 0.00 0.18
C Other 0.00 0.47 0.91 0.49 0.13 0.01 0.02 0.06 2.08
C Don't Know 7.58 1.57 4.83 11.77 13.89 3.25 3.21 2.41 48.50
Commercial Sub total 207.02 108.92 179.95 247.44 388.80 137.30 251.90 148.20 1669.54
Total 289.45 124.40 199.70 280.55 524.49 325.41 567.76 3488.49 5800.24
Note: column and row totals may not exactly match owing to rounding of figures; levels of precision vary within the table above
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 13 Appendix 1 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
Table 10: Waste generated (including non- wastes) in Wales 2012, in thousands of tonnes, by Waste Type and Waste Management Method
Type Waste Type
Pre
pa
rati
on
fo
r
re-u
se o
n s
ite
Pre
pa
rati
on
fo
r re
-us
e o
ff s
ite
Oth
er
pre
pa
rati
on
for
re-u
se
Recycli
ng
Win
dro
w
co
mp
os
tin
g
In-V
essel
Co
mp
os
tin
g
An
aero
bic
Dig
esti
on
(A
D)
Oth
er
co
mp
os
tin
g
La
nd
reco
very
Inc
inera
tio
n w
ith
en
erg
y r
eco
very
Inc
inera
tio
n
wit
ho
ut
en
erg
y
reco
very
La
nd
dis
po
sal
Tre
ate
d -
ph
ysio
/
ch
em
ical
Tre
ate
d -
bio
log
ical
Sep
ara
tio
n
Me
ch
an
ical
Bio
log
ical
Tre
atm
en
t
Au
toc
lave
Ren
de
rin
g
Alt
ern
ati
ve
Tre
atm
en
t
Te
ch
no
log
ies
Tra
ns
fer
Sta
tio
n
Oth
er
Do
n't
Kn
ow
To
tal
I Chemical wastes 2.57 3.41 0.00 13.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 32.18 5.29 9.82 38.95 16.78 13.66 4.67 0.00 0.00 1.40 0.04 0.01 8.57 150.70
I Health Care 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 3.44 0.02 3.13 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.76 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.39
I Metallic Wastes 3.43 10.40 0.00 245.25 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.14 0.18 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.04 0.00 7.29 266.80
I Non-metallic Wastes 24.02 30.33 0.36 191.14 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.00 6.39 13.44 8.66 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.21 0.01 0.02 7.85 282.44
I Discarded Equipment 0.02 0.19 0.00 2.11 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.22 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.11 2.74
I Animal & Vegetable Wastes 2.46 157.79 2.35 4.12 5.06 0.74 2.28 0.14 63.61 0.68 40.74 0.29 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 24.01 4.57 0.00 2.57 0.74 312.14
I Mixed (ordinary) wastes 0.00 0.00 0.00 31.14 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.27 0.09 72.02 0.05 0.00 1.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.59 2.57 110.86
I Common Sludge’s 0.00 1.97 6.32 1.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 101.55 0.05 2.02 2.52 0.00 0.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 6.86 0.17 122.94
I Mineral Wastes 34.12 217.09 0.00 8.46 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 30.41 0.00 0.06 440.66 0.26 0.02 0.29 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.14 741.50
I Naturally occurring soil & mineral 0.40 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.40
Wastes sub-total 67.02 421.18 9.03 496.63 5.06 0.76 2.28 0.14 195.57 42.63 65.23 534.39 42.40 17.21 14.99 4.67 0.00 27.77 6.35 0.10 10.05 37.44 2000.91
I Non-wastes 594.83 1490.02 0.03 5.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 35.78 0.00 3.65 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2129.79
Industrial Sub-Total 661.85 1911.20 9.05 502.13 5.06 0.76 2.28 35.91 195.57 46.28 65.23 534.39 42.40 17.21 14.99 4.67 0.00 27.77 6.35 0.10 10.05 37.44 4130.70
C Chemical wastes 0.14 4.03 0.03 6.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.24 0.44 0.10 1.87 0.00 0.34 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.52 0.00 0.04 1.95 16.35
C Health Care 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.42 12.72 5.39 0.00 0.34 0.00 0.16 0.00 0.01 9.80 0.00 0.83 0.47 36.14
C Metallic Wastes 0.00 0.28 0.02 38.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.02 1.09 40.03
C Non-metallic Wastes 0.61 27.31 2.03 719.14 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.14 0.00 0.10 0.65 1.69 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.07 1.00 11.68 764.41
C Discarded Equipment 0.05 4.95 0.02 25.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.13 0.00 0.16 0.00 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.87 31.33
C Animal & Vegetable Wastes 0.35 4.84 0.30 6.01 0.94 5.07 6.40 11.58 0.46 0.65 0.03 5.53 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 3.66 0.00 0.08 9.32 55.23
C Mixed (ordinary) wastes 0.01 0.01 0.03 258.34 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.96 0.00 12.33 0.10 413.02 0.00 0.00 2.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.10 0.04 14.67 701.61
C Common Sludge’s 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.05 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.21 1.32
C Mineral Wastes 0.09 1.23 0.00 5.48 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.85 0.00 0.00 0.75 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.06 8.24 18.71
C Naturally occurring soil and mineral materials
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.19 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.19
Wastes sub-total 1.24 42.65 2.42 1059.14 1.12 5.07 6.40 12.68 0.46 19.87 14.98 428.90 1.87 0.34 3.18 0.16 0.01 0.01 14.04 0.18 2.08 48.50 1665.31
C Non-wastes 3.79 0.43 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.22
Commercial Sub-Total 5.04 43.08 2.42 1059.14 1.12 5.07 6.40 12.68 0.46 19.87 14.98 428.90 1.87 0.34 3.18 0.16 0.01 0.01 14.04 0.18 2.08 48.50 1669.54
Total 666.88 1954.28 11.48 1561.27 6.18 5.83 8.69 48.59 196.03 66.15 80.22 963.29 44.28 17.55 18.18 4.84 0.01 27.77 20.39 0.28 12.12 85.93 5800.24
Note: column and row totals may not exactly match owing to rounding of figures; levels of precision vary within the table above
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 14 Appendix 1 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
2. Regional Waste Generated Table 11: Waste type generated by region in Wales, in thousand tonnes (excluding non- wastes)
Type Waste Type North South East South West Total
I Chemical wastes 35.65 70.77 44.28 150.70
I Healthcare 5.37 3.56 1.46 10.39
I Metallic wastes 56.35 162.61 47.83 266.80
I Non-metallic wastes 103.96 124.49 53.99 282.44
I Discarded equipment 0.74 1.68 0.32 2.74
I Animal & vegetable wastes 137.03 141.12 33.99 312.14
I Mixed (ordinary) wastes 33.63 50.35 26.87 110.86
I Common sludges 81.15 27.14 14.65 122.94
I Mineral wastes 26.75 660.67 54.50 741.90
Industrial Sub- Total 480.63 1242.39 277.88 2000.91
C Chemical wastes 3.88 8.11 4.36 16.35
C Healthcare 8.03 18.48 9.63 36.14
C Metallic wastes 9.99 19.84 10.21 40.03
C Non-metallic wastes 206.42 334.70 223.29 764.41
C Discarded equipment 8.00 13.89 9.44 31.33
C Animal & vegetable wastes 13.36 26.49 15.38 55.23
C Mixed (ordinary) wastes 179.22 326.37 196.02 701.61
C Common sludges 0.36 0.55 0.41 1.32
C Mineral wastes 5.14 8.39 5.37 18.90
Commercial Sub- Total 434.40 756.81 474.11 1665.31
Total 915.03 1999.20 751.99 3666.22
Note: column and row totals may not exactly match owing to rounding of figures; levels of precision vary within the table above
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 15 Appendix 1 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
Table 12: Waste generated in Wales 2012 (excluding and including non-wastes), by Waste Management Methods by Region in Wales, in thousands of tonnes
Type
Waste Management
Wastes (excluding non-wastes) Wastes (including non-wastes)
North South-East South-West Total North South-East South-West Total
I Preparation for re-use on site 25.16 2.50 39.35 67.02 26.81 4.49 630.55 661.85
I Preparation for re-use off site 110.56 272.71 37.91 421.18 164.32 539.66 1207.22 1911.20
I Other preparation for re-use 1.59 4.58 2.86 9.03 1.59 4.61 2.86 9.05
I Recycling 121.18 281.07 94.38 496.63 122.73 282.03 97.36 502.13
I Windrow composting 0.64 0.82 3.60 5.06 0.64 0.82 3.60 5.06
I In-Vessel Composting 0.14 0.55 0.07 0.76 0.14 0.55 0.07 0.76
I Anaerobic Digestion (AD) 1.37 0.80 0.12 2.28 1.37 0.80 0.12 2.28
I Other composting 0.06 0.05 0.03 0.14 12.89 12.20 10.83 35.91
I Land recovery 93.62 82.35 19.61 195.57 93.62 82.35 19.61 195.57
I Incineration with energy recovery 9.06 26.12 7.45 42.63 10.34 27.41 8.53 46.28
I Incineration without energy recovery 16.54 38.04 10.66 65.23 16.54 38.04 10.66 65.23
I Land disposal 28.27 472.25 33.87 534.39 28.27 472.25 33.87 534.39
I Treated - physio/chemical 9.50 15.75 17.15 42.40 9.50 15.75 17.15 42.40
I Treated - biological 5.22 9.88 2.11 17.21 5.22 9.88 2.11 17.21
I Separation 3.20 8.69 3.10 14.99 3.20 8.69 3.10 14.99
I Mechanical Biological Treatment 0.70 3.31 0.67 4.67 0.70 3.31 0.67 4.67
I Autoclave 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
I Rendering 14.56 11.99 1.22 27.77 14.56 11.99 1.22 27.77
I Mechanical Heat Treatment 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
I Alternative Treatment Technologies 4.12 1.88 0.35 6.35 4.12 1.88 0.35 6.35
I Transfer Station 0.05 0.04 0.01 0.10 0.05 0.04 0.01 0.10
I Other 7.53 2.11 0.41 10.05 7.53 2.11 0.41 10.05
I Don't Know 27.58 6.90 2.96 37.44 27.58 6.90 2.96 37.44
Industrial sub - total 480.63 1242.39 277.88 2000.91 551.70 1525.75 2053.26 4130.70
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 16 Appendix 1 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
Type
Waste Management
Wastes (excluding non-wastes) Wastes (including non-wastes)
North South-East South-West Total North South-East South-West Total
C Preparation for re-use on site 0.34 0.59 0.31 1.24 1.33 1.95 1.75 5.04
C Preparation for re-use off site 10.38 19.44 12.83 42.65 10.51 19.61 12.96 43.08
C Other preparation for re-use 0.64 1.11 0.68 2.42 0.64 1.11 0.68 2.42
C Recycling 279.72 478.58 300.84 1059.14 279.72 478.58 300.84 1059.14
C Windrow composting 0.36 0.46 0.30 1.12 0.36 0.46 0.30 1.12
C In-Vessel Composting 1.33 2.33 1.41 5.07 1.33 2.33 1.41 5.07
C Anaerobic Digestion (AD) 1.19 3.46 1.76 6.40 1.19 3.46 1.76 6.40
C Other composting 2.86 6.18 3.64 12.68 2.86 6.18 3.64 12.68
C Land recovery 0.12 0.21 0.14 0.46 0.12 0.21 0.14 0.46
C Incineration with energy recovery 2.70 11.73 5.43 19.87 2.70 11.73 5.43 19.87
C Incineration without energy recovery 3.89 6.96 4.13 14.98 3.89 6.96 4.13 14.98
C Land disposal 112.62 193.61 122.67 428.90 112.62 193.61 122.67 428.90
C Treated - physio/chemical 0.47 0.98 0.42 1.87 0.47 0.98 0.42 1.87
C Treated - biological 0.12 0.12 0.10 0.34 0.12 0.12 0.10 0.34
C Separation 0.95 1.36 0.87 3.18 0.95 1.36 0.87 3.18
C Mechanical Biological Treatment 0.05 0.06 0.05 0.16 0.05 0.06 0.05 0.16
C Autoclave 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
C Rendering 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01
C Mechanical Heat Treatment 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01
C Alternative Treatment Technologies 3.02 7.59 3.43 14.04 3.02 7.59 3.43 14.04
C Transfer Station 0.03 0.09 0.06 0.18 0.03 0.09 0.06 0.18
C Other 0.52 0.98 0.58 2.08 0.52 0.98 0.58 2.08
C Don't Know 13.07 20.96 14.47 48.50 13.07 20.96 14.47 48.50
Commercial sub -total 434.40 756.81 474.11 1665.31 435.51 758.34 475.68 1669.54
Total 915.03 1999.20 751.99 3666.22 987.21 2284.09 2528.94 5800.24
Note: column and row totals may not exactly match owing to rounding of figures; levels of precision vary within the table above
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 17 Appendix 1 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
Table 13: Waste Types generated by sector for North Wales (excluding and including non-wastes), in thousands of tonnes
Type Sector Chemical Wastes
Health care
Metallic wastes
Non-metallic wastes
Discarded equipment
Animal & vegetable
Mixed (ordinary)
wastes Common sludges
Mineral wastes
Total (excluding
non-wastes) Non-
Waste
Total (including
non-wastes)
I Food products, drinks 0.17 4.45 3.77 10.67 0.05 136.83 7.00 67.54 0.82 231.30 0.00 231.30
I Textiles, wearing apparel 0.01 0.00 0.01 1.13 0.00 0.00 0.76 0.00 0.00 1.92 0.00 1.92
I Wood and wood products 3.54 0.00 5.88 29.00 0.00 0.01 2.51 0.00 6.93 47.87 3.06 50.93
I Paper and paper products 0.84 0.00 0.38 18.08 0.01 0.02 2.33 10.96 0.19 32.81 0.00 32.81
I Coke and petroleum products 15.04 0.08 0.66 7.60 0.11 0.05 4.37 0.03 1.39 29.33 0.02 29.35
I Chemicals, pharmaceuticals
I Other non-metallic mineral 1.73 0.00 2.33 4.54 0.04 0.00 2.74 0.78 4.67 16.82 0.00 16.82
I Basic metals 7.26 0.00 27.16 9.80 0.10 0.01 2.60 0.63 11.60 59.17 53.74 112.91
I Computer, electrical equip 5.90 0.00 13.60 10.35 0.32 0.05 5.98 0.21 0.25 36.67 0.00 36.67
I Furniture, other manufacture 0.17 0.01 2.14 12.64 0.06 0.00 4.29 0.00 0.06 19.37 0.02 19.38
I Electricity, gas, steam 0.98 0.82 0.41 0.09 0.06 0.05 0.78 0.00 0.77 3.97 14.23 18.20
I Water collection 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.01 0.28 1.00 0.06 1.42 0.00 1.42
Industrial sub-total 35.65 5.37 56.35 103.96 0.74 137.03 33.63 81.15 26.75 480.64 71.06 551.70
C Wholesale and retail trade 1.60 0.33 3.54 147.36 4.43 3.42 67.45 0.02 1.45 229.60 0.73 230.33
C Transportation and storage 0.59 0.00 1.04 3.81 1.93 0.00 10.35 0.05 0.19 17.97 0.24 18.20
C Accommodation and food 0.27 0.60 0.36 26.01 0.03 5.68 36.95 0.00 2.32 72.23 0.00 72.23
C Information and comms 0.00 0.01 0.01 1.17 0.25 0.01 1.30 0.00 0.00 2.75 0.00 2.75
C Financial and insurance 0.02 0.01 0.03 1.28 0.06 0.01 0.78 0.00 0.00 2.20 0.00 2.20
C Real estate activities 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.39 0.04 0.11 2.00 0.00 0.00 2.55 0.00 2.55
C Professional, scientific 1.34 0.23 3.88 3.10 0.10 0.54 8.71 0.00 0.20 18.10 0.13 18.22
C Administrative and support 0.01 0.02 0.21 8.00 0.03 0.36 3.68 0.00 0.03 12.34 0.01 12.34
C Public admin and defence 0.00 0.05 0.59 2.10 0.44 0.84 6.74 0.00 0.56 11.32 0.00 11.32
C Education 0.04 0.19 0.10 3.96 0.10 1.21 15.15 0.00 0.39 21.14 0.00 21.14
C Human health and social 0.00 6.44 0.11 5.47 0.12 0.81 17.78 0.00 0.00 30.73 0.00 30.73
C Arts, entertainment 0.02 0.12 0.11 2.66 0.39 0.30 6.12 0.29 0.00 10.01 0.01 10.02
C Other services 0.00 0.02 0.01 1.11 0.07 0.06 2.19 0.00 0.00 3.47 0.00 3.47
Commercial sub-total 3.88 8.03 9.99 206.42 8.00 13.36 179.22 0.36 5.14 434.40 1.11 435.51
Total 39.53 13.40 66.34 310.38 8.73 150.38 212.85 81.51 31.89 915.03 72.18 987.21
Note: column and row totals may not exactly match owing to rounding of figures; some cells have been merged as a data disclosive prevention measure; levels of precision vary within the table above
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 18 Appendix 1 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
Table 14: Waste Types generated by Sector for South East Wales (excluding and including non-wastes), in thousands of tonnes
Type Sector Chemical wastes
Health care
Metallic wastes
Non-metallic wastes
Discarded equipment
Animal & vegetable
Mixed (ordinary)
wastes Common sludges
Mineral wastes
Total (excluding
non-wastes) Non-
wastes
Total (including
non-wastes)
I Food products, drinks 0.36 1.11 3.40 10.61 0.02 140.12 8.51 10.13 0.16 174.41 0.00 174.41
I Textiles, wearing apparel 0.03 0.00 0.05 3.42 0.00 0.00 1.08 0.00 0.00 4.60 0.00 4.60
I Wood and wood products 0.00 0.00 0.69 4.96 0.00 0.02 0.85 0.00 1.95 8.47 2.44 10.91
I Paper and paper products 0.96 0.00 0.80 38.95 0.02 0.00 5.90 9.75 0.17 56.56 0.00 56.56
I Coke and petroleum products 46.31 0.11 1.49 12.58 0.07 0.04 8.28 0.04 3.00 71.93 0.12 72.05
I Chemicals, pharmaceuticals
I Other non-metallic mineral 1.98 0.00 3.18 3.60 0.04 0.00 1.80 0.65 1.20 12.46 0.00 12.46
I Basic metals 12.74 0.00 127.10 17.37 0.20 0.03 7.02 2.89 54.54 221.88 267.30 489.18
I Computer, electrical equip 5.30 0.01 19.69 12.52 1.15 0.07 8.07 0.35 0.91 48.07 0.00 48.07
I Furniture, other manufacturing 0.39 0.01 4.97 20.23 0.12 0.01 7.14 0.01 0.18 33.07 0.02 33.09
I Electricity, gas, steam 2.66 2.31 1.23 0.21 0.04 0.82 1.45 0.00 598.54 607.26 13.48 620.74
I Water collection 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.26 3.33 0.02 3.68 0.00 3.68
Industrial Sub-total 70.77 3.56 162.61 124.49 1.68 141.12 50.35 27.14 660.66 1242.39 283.36 1525.75
C Wholesale and retail trade 2.91 0.56 6.87 233.56 7.22 7.58 121.05 0.03 2.32 382.09 0.89 382.98
C Transportation and storage 1.07 0.00 1.61 5.30 3.31 0.00 20.34 0.06 0.26 31.94 0.37 32.31
C Accommodation and food 0.30 0.73 0.45 36.29 0.04 8.05 48.87 0.00 3.33 98.06 0.00 98.06
C Information and comms 0.00 0.02 0.01 2.98 0.58 0.04 3.53 0.00 0.00 7.15 0.00 7.15
C Financial and insurance 0.04 0.04 0.07 3.85 0.13 0.02 3.98 0.00 0.00 8.14 0.00 8.14
C Real estate activities 0.00 0.02 0.06 0.83 0.08 1.34 3.79 0.00 0.19 6.29 0.00 6.29
C Professional, scientific 3.62 0.47 8.03 7.15 0.27 1.46 17.33 0.00 0.28 38.61 0.25 38.87
C Administrative and support 0.01 0.04 0.42 16.00 0.05 0.64 8.96 0.00 0.08 26.20 0.01 26.21
C Public admin and defence 0.02 0.08 1.52 2.84 0.78 3.19 11.33 0.00 0.97 20.72 0.00 20.72
C Education 0.10 0.36 0.36 10.35 0.29 2.25 36.74 0.00 0.94 51.40 0.00 51.40
C Human health and social 0.01 15.87 0.21 9.07 0.29 1.34 34.36 0.00 0.00 61.16 0.00 61.16
C Arts, entertainment 0.04 0.23 0.20 5.06 0.76 0.54 11.79 0.44 0.00 19.06 0.01 19.08
C Other services 0.00 0.04 0.02 1.43 0.11 0.06 4.30 0.02 0.00 5.97 0.00 5.97
Commercial Sub-total 8.11 18.48 19.84 334.70 13.89 26.49 326.37 0.55 8.38 756.81 1.53 758.34
Total 78.88 22.04 182.45 459.19 15.58 167.62 376.72 27.69 669.04 1999.20 284.89 2284.09
Note: column and row totals may not exactly match owing to rounding of figures; some cells have been merged as a data disclosive prevention measure; levels of precision vary within the table above
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 19 Appendix 1 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
Table 15: Waste Types generated by Sector for South West Wales (excluding and including non-wastes), in thousands of tonnes
Type Sector Chemical Wastes
Health care
Metallic wastes
Non-metallic wastes
Discarded equipment
Animal & vegetable
Mixed (ordinary)
wastes Common sludges
Mineral wastes
Total (excluding
non-wastes) Non-
wastes
Total (including
non-wastes)
I Food products, drinks 0.02 1.41 1.64 4.83 0.01 33.85 2.77 4.10 0.05 48.69 0.00 48.69
I Textiles, wearing apparel 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.94 0.00 0.00 0.64 0.00 0.00 1.60 0.00 1.60
I Wood and wood products 0.02 0.00 0.60 3.28 0.00 0.00 0.89 0.00 0.82 5.61 5.62 11.23
I Paper and paper products 1.22 0.00 0.15 7.98 0.01 0.00 1.64 4.87 0.08 15.96 0.00 15.96
I Coke and petroleum products 28.36 0.03 1.68 7.62 0.04 0.04 5.32 2.27 1.66 47.02 0.01 47.04
I Chemicals, pharmaceuticals
I Other non-metallic mineral 1.97 0.00 3.03 5.13 0.04 0.00 2.23 0.47 1.03 13.90 0.00 13.90
I Basic metals 12.04 0.00 39.11 11.77 0.10 0.07 6.81 0.38 49.67 119.94 1757.74 1877.68
I Computer, electrical equip 0.44 0.00 1.37 2.92 0.03 0.01 3.22 0.56 0.06 8.62 0.00 8.62
I Furniture, other manufacturing 0.07 0.01 0.23 9.48 0.05 0.01 2.63 0.00 0.04 12.53 0.02 12.55
I Electricity, gas, steam 0.10 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.04 0.00 0.52 0.01 1.06 1.74 11.98 13.72
I Water collection 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.19 2.00 0.02 2.27 0.00 2.27
Industrial Sub-total 44.28 1.46 47.83 53.99 0.32 33.99 26.87 14.65 54.50 277.88 1775.37 2053.25
C Wholesale and retail trade 1.85 0.41 4.15 158.51 5.06 4.18 71.94 0.01 1.62 247.73 1.15 248.88
C Transportation and storage 0.70 0.00 0.90 3.82 2.56 0.00 12.53 0.06 0.15 20.72 0.30 21.02
C Accommodation and food 0.20 0.63 0.37 27.34 0.03 6.13 37.49 0.00 2.20 74.40 0.00 74.40
C Information and comms 0.00 0.01 0.01 1.47 0.30 0.01 1.88 0.00 0.00 3.68 0.00 3.68
C Financial and insurance 0.02 0.02 0.05 1.87 0.08 0.01 1.51 0.00 0.00 3.55 0.00 3.55
C Real estate activities 0.00 0.01 0.03 0.51 0.04 0.68 2.03 0.00 0.09 3.40 0.00 3.40
C Professional, scientific 1.49 0.30 3.53 3.23 0.12 0.28 8.45 0.00 0.10 17.49 0.12 17.61
C Administrative and support 0.01 0.03 0.25 9.69 0.04 0.38 4.66 0.00 0.03 15.08 0.01 15.09
C Public admin and defence 0.01 0.05 0.55 2.13 0.37 1.16 7.31 0.00 0.38 11.96 0.00 11.96
C Education 0.06 0.19 0.14 5.75 0.15 1.27 20.32 0.00 0.79 28.66 0.00 28.66
C Human health and social 0.00 7.80 0.12 5.17 0.15 0.80 18.29 0.00 0.00 32.32 0.00 32.32
C Arts, entertainment 0.02 0.16 0.11 3.03 0.47 0.42 7.41 0.32 0.00 11.94 0.01 11.95
C Other services 0.00 0.03 0.01 0.79 0.08 0.05 2.19 0.02 0.00 3.16 0.00 3.16
Commercial Sub-total 4.36 9.63 10.21 223.29 9.44 15.38 196.02 0.41 5.37 474.11 1.58 475.68
Total 48.63 11.09 58.04 277.28 9.75 49.37 222.89 15.06 59.87 751.99 1776.95 2528.94
Note: column and row totals may not exactly match owing to rounding of figures; some cells have been merged as a data disclosive prevention measure; levels of precision vary within the table above
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 20 Appendix 1 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
Table 16: Waste Type (SOC Group) generated by Waste Management Method, in thousands of tonnes in North Wales (excluding non-wastes)
Type Waste Type
Pre
pa
rati
on
fo
r
re-u
se o
n s
ite
Pre
pa
rati
on
fo
r re
-
us
e o
ff s
ite
Oth
er
pre
pa
rati
on
for
reu
se
Recycli
ng
Win
dro
w
co
mp
os
tin
g
In-V
essel
Co
mp
os
tin
g
An
aero
bic
Dig
esti
on
(A
D)
Oth
er
co
mp
os
tin
g
La
nd
reco
very
Inc
inera
tio
n w
ith
en
erg
y r
eco
very
Inc
inera
tio
n
wit
ho
ut
en
erg
y
reco
very
La
nd
dis
po
sal
Tre
ate
d -
ph
ysio
/ch
em
ical
Tre
ate
d -
bio
log
ical
Sep
ara
tio
n
Me
ch
an
ical
Bio
log
ical
Tre
atm
en
t
Au
toc
lave
Ren
de
rin
g
Me
ch
an
ical
Heat
Tre
atm
en
t
Alt
ern
ati
ve
Tre
atm
en
t
Te
ch
no
log
ies
Tra
ns
fer
Sta
tio
n
Oth
er
Do
n't
Kn
ow
Gra
nd
To
tal
I Chemical wastes 1.71 1.67 0.00 1.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.24 1.07 1.45 8.50 4.87 2.53 0.70 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.37 0.01 0.00 5.36 35.65
I Healthcare 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 1.55 0.01 0.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.97 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.37
I Metallic wastes 0.00 0.08 0.00 50.12 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.04 0.00 6.08 56.35
I Non-metallic wastes 22.65 9.57 0.10 56.83 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 1.62 5.35 2.36 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.01 5.41 103.96
I Discarded equipment 0.01 0.06 0.00 0.43 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.12 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.08 0.74
I Animal & vegetable wastes 0.31 86.40 0.49 0.73 0.64 0.14 1.36 0.06 20.78 0.39 8.54 0.14 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 11.59 0.00 3.60 0.00 1.53 0.33 137.03
I Mixed (ordinary) wastes 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.77 0.01 21.40 0.03 0.00 0.47 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.10 0.80 33.63
I Common sludges 0.00 0.55 1.00 0.18 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 72.73 0.01 0.00 0.33 0.00 0.34 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.89 0.12 81.15
I Mineral wastes 0.49 12.23 0.00 1.68 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.10 0.00 0.01 2.46 0.15 0.01 0.21 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 9.41 26.68
Industrial sub-total 25.16 110.56 1.59 121.18 0.64 0.14 1.37 0.06 93.62 9.06 16.54 28.27 9.50 5.22 3.20 0.70 0.00 14.56 0.00 4.12 0.05 7.53 27.58 480.64
C Chemical wastes 0.04 0.73 0.01 1.76 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.14 0.02 0.47 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.16 0.00 0.01 0.43 3.88
C Healthcare 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.79 3.26 0.96 0.00 0.11 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.50 0.00 0.22 0.13 8.03
C Metallic wastes 0.00 0.15 0.00 9.55 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.25 9.99
C Non-metallic wastes 0.16 6.61 0.52 195.11 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.02 0.16 0.48 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.26 3.05 206.42
C Discarded equipment 0.01 1.25 0.01 6.42 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.22 8.00
C Animal & vegetable wastes 0.10 1.42 0.09 1.65 0.27 1.33 1.19 2.58 0.12 0.17 0.01 1.57 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.35 0.00 0.02 2.48 13.36
C Mixed (ordinary) wastes 0.00 0.00 0.01 64.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.24 0.00 1.65 0.03 108.58 0.00 0.00 0.63 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 4.02 179.22
C Common sludges 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.29 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.36
C Mineral wastes 0.02 0.22 0.00 1.20 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.94 0.00 0.00 0.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 2.43 5.05
Commercial sub-total 0.34 10.38 0.64 279.72 0.36 1.33 1.19 2.86 0.12 2.70 3.89 112.62 0.47 0.12 0.95 0.05 0.00 0.01 0.00 3.02 0.03 0.52 13.07 434.40
Total 25.51 120.94 2.22 400.90 1.00 1.47 2.55 2.93 93.73 11.76 20.43 140.89 9.97 5.34 4.16 0.75 0.00 14.57 0.00 7.14 0.08 8.05 40.65 915.03
Note: column and row totals may not exactly match owing to rounding of figures; levels of precision vary within the table above
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 21 Appendix 1 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
Table 17: Waste Type (SOC Group) generated by Waste Management Method, in thousands of tonnes in South East Wales (excluding non-wastes)
Type Waste Type Pre
pa
rati
on
fo
r re
-
us
e o
n s
ite
Pre
pa
rati
on
fo
r re
-u
se o
ff s
ite
Oth
er
pre
pa
rati
on
for
reu
se
Recycli
ng
Win
dro
w
co
mp
os
tin
g
In-V
essel
Co
mp
os
tin
g
An
aero
bic
D
ige
sti
on
(A
D)
Oth
er
co
mp
os
tin
g
La
nd
reco
very
Inc
inera
tio
n w
ith
en
erg
y r
eco
very
Inc
inera
tio
n
wit
ho
ut
en
erg
y
reco
very
La
nd
dis
po
sal
Tre
ate
d -
ph
ysio
/ch
em
ical
Tre
ate
d -
bio
log
ical
Sep
ara
tio
n
Me
ch
an
ical
Bio
log
ical
Tre
atm
en
t
Au
toc
lave
Ren
de
rin
g
Me
ch
an
ical
Heat
Tre
atm
en
t
Alt
ern
ati
ve
Tre
atm
en
t
Te
ch
no
log
ies
Tra
ns
fer
Sta
tio
n
Oth
er
Do
n't
Kn
ow
Gra
nd
To
tal
I Chemical wastes 0.86 1.51 0.00 5.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 20.55 2.32 1.70 13.36 9.87 8.23 3.31 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.93 0.02 0.01 2.21 70.77
I Healthcare 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.64 0.01 2.31 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.59 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.56
I Metallic wastes 0.00 0.17 0.00 161.45 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.12 0.07 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.77 162.61
I Non-metallic wastes 0.87 15.57 0.15 93.71 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.35 5.68 3.31 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.17 0.00 0.00 1.65 124.49
I Discarded equipment 0.00 0.09 0.00 1.42 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.03 1.68
I Animal & vegetable wastes 0.40 62.67 1.10 0.68 0.82 0.54 0.80 0.05 31.31 0.22 29.17 0.08 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 11.40 0.00 0.72 0.00 0.98 0.21 141.12
I Mixed (ordinary) wastes 0.00 0.00 0.00 13.92 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.96 0.08 32.05 0.02 0.00 0.36 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.41 1.53 50.35
I Common sludge’s 0.00 0.81 3.33 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 20.72 0.02 0.00 1.40 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.71 0.05 27.14
I Mineral wastes 0.37 191.91 0.00 3.92 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 30.31 0.00 0.01 433.55 0.06 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.45 660.61
Industrial sub-total 2.50 272.71 4.58 281.07 0.82 0.55 0.80 0.05 82.35 26.12 38.04 472.25 15.75 9.88 8.69 3.31 0.00 11.99 0.00 1.88 0.04 2.11 6.90 1242.39
C Chemical wastes 0.06 2.30 0.01 2.97 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.13 0.21 0.05 0.98 0.00 0.17 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.23 0.00 0.02 0.98 8.11
C Healthcare 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.91 5.96 3.08 0.00 0.12 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.76 0.00 0.38 0.21 18.48
C Metallic wastes 0.00 0.08 0.01 19.17 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.52 19.84
C Non-metallic wastes 0.33 12.18 0.94 314.79 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.03 0.30 0.71 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.46 4.87 334.70
C Discarded equipment 0.02 2.30 0.01 10.96 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.39 13.89
C Animal & vegetable wastes 0.15 1.88 0.13 2.97 0.39 2.33 3.46 5.68 0.21 0.32 0.01 2.37 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.57 0.00 0.04 3.97 26.49
C Mixed (ordinary) wastes 0.00 0.00 0.01 125.27 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.43 0.00 7.26 0.04 185.97 0.00 0.00 0.84 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.05 0.04 6.45 326.37
C Common sludge’s 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.44 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.08 0.55
C Mineral wastes 0.04 0.69 0.00 2.46 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.28 0.00 0.00 0.31 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 3.50 8.32
Commercial sub-total 0.59 19.44 1.11 478.58 0.46 2.33 3.46 6.18 0.21 11.73 6.96 193.61 0.98 0.12 1.36 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.59 0.09 0.98 20.96 756.81
TOTAL 3.10 292.15 5.69 759.65 1.28 2.88 4.26 6.22 82.55 37.85 45.00 665.86 16.73 10.01 10.05 3.37 0.00 11.99 0.00 9.47 0.13 3.09 27.87 1999.20
Note: column and row totals may not exactly match owing to rounding of figures; levels of precision vary within the table above
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 22 Appendix 1 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
Table 18: Waste Type (SOC Group) generated by Waste Management Method, in thousands of tonnes in South West Wales (excluding non-wastes)
Type Waste Type
Pre
pa
rati
on
fo
r re
-us
e
on
sit
e
Pre
pa
rati
on
fo
r re
-us
e
off
sit
e
Oth
er
pre
pa
rati
on
fo
r
reu
se
Recycli
ng
Win
dro
w c
om
po
sti
ng
In-V
essel C
om
po
sti
ng
An
aero
bic
Dig
esti
on
(AD
)
Oth
er
co
mp
os
tin
g
La
nd
reco
very
Inc
inera
tio
n w
ith
en
erg
y r
eco
very
Inc
inera
tio
n w
ith
ou
t en
erg
y r
eco
very
La
nd
dis
po
sal
Tre
ate
d -
ph
ysio
/ch
em
ical
Tre
ate
d -
bio
log
ical
Sep
ara
tio
n
Me
ch
an
ical
Bio
log
ical
Tre
atm
en
t
Au
toc
lave
Ren
de
rin
g
Me
ch
an
ical
Heat
Tre
atm
en
t
Alt
ern
ati
ve T
reatm
en
t
Te
ch
no
log
ies
Tra
ns
fer
Sta
tio
n
Oth
er
Do
n't
Kn
ow
Gra
nd
To
tal
I Chemical wastes
0.00
0.23
0.00 6.25
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
5.39
1.91 6.68
17.09
2.04
2.90
0.67
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.10
0.01
0.00
1.00 44.28
I Healthcare
0.00
0.00
0.00 0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
1.25 0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.20
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00 1.46
I Metallic wastes
3.43
10.16
0.00 33.68
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01 0.11
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.44 47.83
I Non-metallic wastes
0.49
5.19
0.10 40.59
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.42
2.41 3.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.78
53.99
I Discarded equipment
0.00
0.04
0.00 0.26
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00 0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.32
I Animal & vegetable wastes
1.76
8.72
0.76 2.72
3.60
0.07
0.12
0.03
11.51
0.08
3.03 0.07
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.02
0.00
0.25
0.00
0.07
0.20
33.99
I Mixed (ordinary) wastes
0.00
0.00
0.00 7.22
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.54
0.00 18.58
0.00
0.00
0.20
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.09
0.24
26.87
I Common sludges
0.00
0.62
2.00 0.80
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
8.10
0.02
2.02 0.79
0.00
0.06
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.25
0.00 14.65
I Mineral wastes
33.67
12.95
0.00 2.86
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.03 4.65
0.06
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.28 54.22
Industrial sub-total
39.35
37.91
2.86 94.38
3.60
0.07
0.12
0.03
19.61
7.45
10.66 33.87
17.15
2.11
3.10
0.67
0.00
1.22
0.00
0.35
0.01
0.41
2.96
277.88
C Chemical wastes
0.04
1.00
0.01 1.92
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.06
0.09 0.03
0.42
0.00
0.10
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.13
0.00
0.02
0.54 4.36
C Healthcare
0.00
0.00
0.00 0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.72
3.50 1.36
0.00
0.10
0.00
0.05
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.54
0.00
0.23
0.13 9.63
C Metallic wastes
0.00
0.06
0.01 9.78
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00 0.03
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.32 10.21
C Non-metallic wastes
0.12
8.52
0.57
209.25
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.04
0.00
0.04
0.19 0.49
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.02
0.29
3.76
223.29
C Discarded equipment
0.01
1.40
0.01 7.65
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.03
0.00 0.04
0.00
0.00
0.02
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.27
9.44
C Animal & vegetable wastes
0.10
1.54
0.08 1.39
0.27
1.41
1.76
3.31
0.14
0.15
0.01 1.60
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.74
0.00
0.02
2.87
15.38
C Mixed (ordinary) wastes
0.00
0.00
0.01 69.04
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.29
0.00
3.42
0.03
118.47
0.00
0.00
0.53
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.03
0.00
4.20
196.02
C Common sludges
0.00
0.00
0.00 0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.32 0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.08 0.41
C Mineral wastes
0.03
0.32
0.00 1.82
0.03
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00 0.64
0.00
0.00
0.21
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.02
2.31 5.34
Commercial sub-total
0.31
12.83
0.68
300.84
0.30
1.41
1.76
3.64
0.14
5.43
4.13
122.67
0.42
0.10
0.87
0.05
0.00
0.00
0.00
3.43
0.06
0.58
14.47
474.11
Total
39.65
50.74
3.54
395.22
3.90
1.48
1.88
3.67
19.75
12.89
14.78
156.54
17.57
2.21
3.97
0.72
0.00
1.22
0.00
3.78
0.07
0.99
17.42
751.99
Note: column and row totals may not exactly match owing to rounding of figures; levels of precision vary within the table above
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 23 Appendix 1 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
Table 19: Hazardous Waste generated in Wales 2012, in thousands of tonnes by Waste type and management method (excluding non-wastes)
Waste Type Pre
pa
red
fo
r R
e-u
se o
n
sit
e
Pre
pa
red
fo
r re
-us
e o
ff
sit
e
Oth
er
reu
se
Recycli
ng
Co
mp
os
tin
g
La
nd
reco
very
Inc
inera
tio
n w
ith
en
erg
y r
eco
very
Inc
inera
tio
n w
ith
ou
t
en
erg
y r
eco
very
La
nd
dis
po
sal
Tre
ate
d -
ph
ysio
/ch
em
ical
Tre
ate
d -
bio
log
ical
Sep
ara
tio
n
Me
ch
an
ical
Bio
log
ical
Tre
atm
en
t
Au
toc
lave
Ren
de
rin
g
Me
ch
an
ical
Heat
Tre
atm
en
t
Alt
ern
ati
ve T
reatm
en
t
Te
ch
no
log
ies
Tra
ns
fer
Sta
tio
n
Oth
er
Do
n't
Kn
ow
To
tal
Chemical waste 2.42 7.44 0.00 16.26 0.00 0.00 30.79 5.71 0.39 38.81 0.90 9.39 4.60 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.44 0.04 0.05 9.66 127.90
Health care 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.18 15.11 2.78 3.13 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.76 0.01 7.48 0.00 0.42 0.20 38.05
Metallic wastes 0.00 0.02 0.02 20.25 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.14 0.15 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.00 0.08 20.75
Non-metallic wastes 0.00 0.18 0.00 0.64 0.00 0.00 0.06 2.31 0.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.21 0.00 0.00 2.17 5.77
Discarded Equip 0.00 4.29 0.00 13.45 0.00 0.00 0.13 0.01 0.16 0.00 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.02 0.00 0.60 18.79
Animal & veg wastes 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.50 0.00 0.00 0.10 1.66 1.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.80 0.53 5.68
Mixed (ordinary) wastes 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.08 0.09 0.99 0.05 0.00 0.10 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.10 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.50
Common sludge’s 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.16 0.00 0.00 0.05 3.07 2.55 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.87
Mineral wastes 0.00 2.03 0.00 3.95 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.06 1.96 0.15 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.06 6.35 14.58
naturally occurring soil and mineral materials 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Wastes Total 2.43 13.99 0.02 56.31 0.00 0.00 36.40 28.17 10.27 42.15 0.92 9.58 4.60 0.00 3.76 0.01 9.36 0.06 1.33 19.58 238.90
Note: column and row totals may not exactly match owing to rounding of figures; levels of precision vary within the table above
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 24 Appendix 2 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
Appendix 2 Sample frame design and size calculations 1. Sample frame design
The survey was based upon a two-dimensional sample frame. Businesses were first stratified into 25 sectors, based upon EU NACE codes (NACE Rev. 2) and the identical UK Standard Industrial Classification 2007 (SIC) divisions. These sectors were identical to those used in the 2007 Wales I&C survey, and allowed direct comparisons to be drawn with the previous survey (Table 20). Analysis showed that condensing the commercial SIC codes to reduce the total number of business sectors from 25 to 18 reduced the resolution of the survey and hindered comparisons with the 2007 results but did not improve the precision. Table 20: Sectors used to stratify the I&C sample frame
NACE SIC2007 Codes
Sector
NACE01 10-12 Food products, drinks and tobacco
NACE02 13-15 Textiles, wearing apparel, leather
NACE03 16 Wood and wood products
NACE04 17-18 Paper and paper products
NACE05 19 Coke and petroleum products
NACE06 20-22 Chemical, pharmaceutical, rubber & plastic products
NACE07 23 Other non-metallic mineral products
NACE08 24-25 Basic metals, and metal products
NACE09 26-30 Computer, electrical equip, machinery and motors
NACE10 31-33 Furniture, other manufacturing, repair and installation
NACE11 35 Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply
NACE12 36 Water collection, treatment and supply
NACE13 45-47 Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles (excl. 46.77)
NACE14 49-53 Transportation and storage
NACE15 55-56 Accommodation and food service activities
NACE16 58-63 Information and communication
NACE17 64-66 Financial and insurance activities
NACE18 68 Real estate activities
NACE19 69-75 Professional, scientific and technical activities
NACE20 77-82 Administrative and support service activities
NACE21 84 Public administration and defence, compulsory social security
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 25 Appendix 2 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
NACE SIC2007 Codes
Sector
NACE22 85 Education
NACE23 86-88 Human health and social work activities
NACE24 90-93 Arts, entertainment and recreation
NACE25 94-96 Other services
Businesses were also stratified into eight size bands based upon number of employees plus a ‘special’ size band for businesses that had uniquely high waste arisings. The 1-4 employee size band used in the 2007 survey was split in two (1-2 and 3-4 employees) to help prevent any bias arising from differential response rates of 1-2 and 3-4 employee businesses. Analysis showed that the creation of an extra size band had a negligible effect on the overall precision of the survey. Of the five ‘special’ businesses identified in 2007, two were no longer deemed to have exceptionally high waste arisings (once virgin timber was omitted), but the other three businesses were retained in the ‘special’ size band. Table 21 shows the final set of size bands used to define the I&C sample frame.
Table 21: Size bands used to stratify the I&C sample frame
Size Band Code Number of employees
0 1-2
1 3-4
2 5-9
3 10-19
4 20-49
5 50-99
6 100-249
7 250+
10 Special businesses
2. Survey population
The total population of business sites (local units) in each brick (N) was obtained from the ONS Inter-Departmental Business Register (IDBR) database, which lists business units in Wales based on VAT and PAYE information (Table 22). Since 2007, the scope of the IDBR has expanded to include business units that are PAYE based but not VAT
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 26 Appendix 2 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
registered. Business units in sectors such as healthcare, for example, which are VAT exempt and hence excluded from the 2007 population figures were therefore included. This resulted in a 20% increase in the number of business units in the population (from 71,450 in 2007 to 85,610 in 2012). This increase is unlikely to have a major impact on the estimated waste generated because the vast majority of ‘additional’ business units are in the smallest size band and consequently have very low waste arisings. Extrapolating the 2007 I&C survey dataset to the 2012 ONS population figures increased the estimated total waste generated from 5.37 to 5.39 million tonnes (including non-wastes), a 0.4% change that is trivial compared to the precision of the estimate.
Table 22: ONS population of business units (March 2012 figures)
Size band
Sector 1-2 3-4 5-9 10-19 20-49 50-99 100-249 250+ Total
10-12 175 70 70 50 50 35 30 20 500
13-15 135 35 35 20 20 5 5 5 260
16 195 75 50 40 30 15 5 5 415
17-18 280 75 75 60 30 20 20 5 565
19 5 5 5 5 5 0 0 5 30
20-22 120 65 100 70 70 50 35 15 525
23 130 55 55 40 25 5 10 5 325
24-25 535 165 155 125 110 45 30 15 1180
26-30 330 95 125 95 85 65 50 30 875
31-33 665 150 155 80 55 25 25 15 1170
35 55 20 20 10 15 10 10 10 150
36 15 15 20 20 10 5 5 0 90
45-47 9845 3550 4235 2270 1135 245 140 80 21500
49-53 2145 470 425 305 230 110 50 15 3750
55-56 3410 1720 1815 1140 670 155 40 10 8960
58-63 2875 315 290 155 75 35 25 10 3780
64-66 1030 345 470 235 110 25 15 25 2255
68 1785 430 370 125 55 20 15 5 2805
69-75 6995 1045 1000 535 230 65 35 15 9920
77-82 4250 890 905 450 245 125 90 45 7000
84 340 145 220 290 265 125 80 75 1540
85 615 190 370 505 950 335 205 45 3215
86-88 1950 1120 1600 1485 1025 370 140 60 7750
90-93 1440 480 700 270 195 70 30 10 3195
94-96 2260 925 670 255 100 25 10 5 4250
Total 41580 12450 13935 8635 5790 1985 1100 530 86005 Note: Figures have been rounded up to the nearest 5 to prevent disclosure. Special businesses have been included in their true size band.
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 27 Appendix 2 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
3. Sample frame optimisation
The survey adopted a stratified sampling scheme based on the 25 SIC sectors and 8 size bands described above. For a given total sample size, the number of business units to be surveyed in each brick (cell) of the sample frame was optimised to give the best possible precision for the estimated total national waste generated. This was done by taking into account (i) the total number of businesses in each brick (taken from Table 22) and (ii) the expected variation in waste generation among businesses in each brick (explained below). Data from the 2007 survey was used to estimate the mean waste arisings per business unit and the between-business variance in each of the 25 x 8 = 200 bricks. Non-wastes (virgin timber and blast furnace slag) were excluded from the calculations. Regression models were used to estimate means and variances for those bricks where less than two business units were surveyed in 2007.
To estimate mean waste generated per business unit, a linear regression model was built, which modelled the loge mean as a function of sector and size band using tonnage data from the remaining bricks which had valid mean estimates. This model was used to estimate the mean for bricks with missing data.
The variance was then predicted from a second linear regression model which modelled the loge variance as a function of the loge mean using tonnage data for all bricks which had valid mean and variance estimates. This model was used to estimate the variance for bricks where less than one business unit was surveyed in 2007.
Following Neyman optimal sampling theory, the sample size in each brick was set to be proportional to the product of the population size and the standard deviation (N*√Variance). Sample sizes were rounded to the nearest integer. The optimising algorithm was constrained to require a minimum of three business units to be surveyed in every brick (providing that there are at least three units in the population); three is regarded as the minimum sample size required to provide a meaningful estimate of the mean waste generated in a given brick. 4. Sample size calculations Sample size calculations were run using a range of total sample sizes, ranging from 500 to 3500 business units. For each sample size, precision was calculated for the total national grossed-up weight, sectors totals and size band totals using a finite population correction factor where appropriate. Based upon these results, the total sample size was set at 1,500 business units as this was predicted to provide a good level of precision for the national total (ca. ±3.3% at 90% confidence), and moderate precision for GUW for individual
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 28 Appendix 2 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
sectors and size bands. The final sample frame is shown in Table 23 as the percentage of business units to be surveyed. Details for a total of ca. 25,000 business units were requested, with 100% coverage for most large and medium-sized businesses. For each brick, local business units were selected at random from the ONS list until the required sample size had been reached.
5. Sample frame revision The sample frame was revised in November 2013, mid-way through the survey. For each brick, an estimate was made of the number of businesses expected to be surveyed, based upon the number of successful surveys to date, the number of booked appointments and the overall response rate. The expected sample size was less than the target sample size in a total of 15 bricks. Sticking with the original sample frame would have meant that only 1,446 out of 1,500 business units would have been surveyed, so the ‘spare’ surveys were re-allocated to bricks where the target sample size was expected to be met but there were more businesses in the population to be surveyed. Again, the sample frame was optimised to give the best possible precision. As a result of the changes, the precision of the total national grossed-up weight was then estimated to be ca.±3.7% at 90% confidence.
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 29 Appendix 2 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
Table 23: I&C sample frame: percentage of business units to be sampled in each brick
Size band
Sector 1-2 3-4 5-9 10-19 20-49 50-99 100-249 250+
10-12 1.7% 4.3% 4.3% 6.0% 68.0% 8.6% 86.7% 90.0%
13-15 2.2% 8.6% 11.4% 15.0% 15.0% 20.0% 40.0% 20.0%
16 1.5% 4.0% 6.0% 7.5% 10.0% 80.0% 40.0% 20.0%
17-18 1.1% 4.0% 4.0% 5.0% 10.0% 15.0% 65.0% 60.0%
19 20.0% 40.0% 40.0% 20.0% 20.0% - - 40.0%
20-22 2.5% 4.6% 3.0% 4.3% 44.3% 12.0% 20.0% 40.0%
23 2.3% 5.5% 7.3% 7.5% 12.0% 60.0% 70.0% 20.0%
24-25 0.6% 1.8% 1.9% 2.4% 3.6% 28.9% 93.3% 73.3%
26-30 0.9% 3.2% 2.4% 21.1% 3.5% 6.2% 12.0% 100.0%
31-33 0.5% 2.0% 1.9% 3.8% 5.5% 24.0% 12.0% 20.0%
35 5.5% 15.0% 15.0% 30.0% 20.0% 30.0% 80.0% 40.0%
36 20.0% 20.0% 15.0% 15.0% 30.0% 60.0% 80.0% -
45-47 0.1% 0.4% 2.7% 2.1% 5.0% 7.8% 37.1% 33.8%
49-53 0.1% 0.6% 1.2% 1.3% 5.2% 22.7% 6.0% 20.0%
55-56 0.2% 1.2% 2.5% 2.9% 2.2% 7.1% 12.5% 40.0%
58-63 0.1% 1.0% 1.0% 1.9% 4.0% 8.6% 12.0% 30.0%
64-66 0.3% 0.9% 0.6% 1.3% 2.7% 12.0% 20.0% 12.0%
68 0.2% 0.7% 0.8% 2.4% 5.5% 15.0% 20.0% 60.0%
69-75 0.1% 0.5% 0.7% 4.1% 11.3% 4.6% 37.1% 60.0%
77-82 0.1% 0.3% 0.4% 0.7% 5.7% 2.4% 6.7% 8.9%
84 0.9% 2.1% 1.4% 1.0% 1.1% 24.8% 13.8% 33.3%
85 0.5% 1.6% 0.8% 0.8% 0.9% 6.6% 6.3% 11.1%
86-88 0.2% 0.3% 0.4% 0.2% 0.7% 1.6% 2.1% 11.7%
90-93 0.2% 0.6% 1.7% 1.1% 8.2% 10.0% 10.0% 30.0%
94-96 0.1% 0.3% 0.4% 1.6% 7.0% 12.0% 30.0% 40.0%
Total 0.2% 0.8% 1.8% 2.2% 4.6% 9.9% 20.6% 33.6% Note: Percentages calculated using rounded population figures, so reported figures are lower than reality.
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 30 Appendix 3 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
Appendix 3 Survey delivery and quality assurance detail 1. Data Sample Preparation
Business contact data were secured from Inter-Departmental Business Register (IDBR) provided by the Office of National Statistics (ONS). Those who carried out the collection and analysis of the ONS data bear no responsibility for the further analysis and interpretation of the data used for the purposes of this survey. Company selection for the telephone recruitment process was based upon a random selection of businesses in proportion to their relevance in the sample matrix. Unfortunately, the ONS data, which are based on VAT and PAYE records, contained only a small number of telephone numbers, a number of duplicate records, and also some records of businesses were subsequently found to be no longer trading. Therefore, a significant amount of data clean-up was required before the ONS dataset could be used. Of the data received:
Data were received from ONS for 24,159 business sites;
Cleaning and research identified 415 duplicate records or no longer trading (1.7%)
which were removed;
Original records with telephone numbers 1,801 (7.6%);
Telephone numbers added by research 6,537.
2. Data Security
Urban Mines is registered under the Data Protection Act to handle personal data. From the initial outset of the project, systems were established to ensure the integrity and confidentiality of the business and personal details contained within the ONS dataset. Both the tele-bookers and the surveyors accessed the business contact data they needed by logging onto a secure internet site. Neither of these groups had access to the ONS dataset, and only one copy of the ONS dataset was retained on the Urban Mines server which was accessible only to the Urban Mines data manager. Each business in the dataset was assigned a unique code which allowed identification of waste stream records and their positioning in the sample matrix for grossing up. Only Urban Mines held a copy of the unique code/business name relationship table for data checking purposes and this, along with the original ONS dataset, was deleted on completion of the project. This method of data management met the requirements of ONS.
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 31 Appendix 3 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
3. Tele-booking Process
Tele-bookers from Ainsworth & Parkinson (A&P) were trained on the use of a conversational call script for this survey. Appointment booking began by focussing on the areas of highest business concentration, attempting to emulate the 30%:70% split of businesses in the North:South of Wales. Later in the survey process, the geographical focus was broadened to deliver a cross section of surveys in Mid Wales and South West Wales. A bespoke web-enabled software system was developed for the project in order to support the tele-bookers’ recruitment of businesses. This system was securely hosted on A&P’s server. The software presented the tele-operators with business contact details, business address, and a calendar of the availability and location of each of the surveyors involved in delivery of the surveys. It presented the tele-bookers with a company selected at random, cycling through the sample matrix ‘bricks’. Bricks, and all the remaining company details contained therein, were closed off once the brick target for number of bookings required had been achieved, and these details were subsequently no longer presented to the tele-bookers. Once a business had agreed to participate in the survey, the tele-booker made an appointment. To identify an appropriate appointment time, the software offered the tele-booker a selection of dates and time slots (4 per working day), and displayed the estimated travel time for each surveyor based on the surveyor’s location or the location of their previously booked appointments. This latter facility allowed the clustering of visits. Clustering visits geographically in this way allowed the booking process to maximise the number of visits per day for each individual surveyor, whilst keeping the travel distances to a practicable minimum. Each business being surveyed received a confirmation email (if an email address was available) on the day the booking was made. The surveyors retrieved their booked appointments diary by securely logging onto a website which accessed the software on A&P’s server. Response rates from the tele-booking process were:
a total of 15,679 calls were made, including calls which resulted in there being
wrong numbers, no answer, the contact was busy, a refusal to participate, a call-
back being required, or an appointment being secured;
a total of 11,449 calls were answered by companies;
this resulted in 1,850 appointments being made, and;
the final outcome was 1,540 completed surveys.
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 32 Appendix 3 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
4. Checking Business Data
To make sure that the information held in the ONS database was correct, as each booking was made, operators checked SIC (business type) code and number of employees, and business address details. Previous surveys reported problems with ONS data in this respect. For this survey a total of 202 businesses needed some form of brick change. 5. Survey Visit Each surveyor visited in person the businesses with whom they had an appointment booked. The survey visit consisted of an initial discussion to explain the reason for the survey again, but also to ‘break the ice’. Following this, the survey was completed using Urban Mines’ own proprietary survey software on the surveyor’s laptop. Surveyors tried to collect as much data as possible from written records, such as waste transfer notes, disposal invoices, or electronic records. If necessary, the surveyor would prompt the business contact by suggesting the types of records which might be available. After completion of the interview stage, the surveyor asked to be taken on a brief tour of the business’s facilities, to check the data already collected and to identify other waste streams which the business representative may have forgotten. Surveyors were trained to look for office and canteen waste which is often overlooked. To complete the visit, the surveyor thanked the business representative for their contribution, and provided literature containing details of relevant support programmes with whom the business could take their discussions of waste further. The businesses were also given a leaflet which included available business support in Wales and also information regarding the ‘Edoc’ system, the launch of which was imminent at the time the surveys were being conducted. This not only added value to the visit but also, it was hoped, would generate some leads for the relevant business support organisations in Wales.
6. Data Collation
After a series of visits had been completed, the surveyors used the export function in the survey software to export completed datasets to Urban Mines. On arrival the data were checked and appended to the main survey database. To ensure data security, the only business specific identification data exported and associated with the individual waste stream data was the unique code. This proved to be an effective and reliable process.
7. Surveyor Training
In order to ensure the smooth delivery of the surveys and the collection of consistent and accurate data, each surveyor received specific training for the project. The training
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 33 Appendix 3 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
addressed the purpose of the survey, its key requirements, the surveying strategy and the structure of the questionnaire including waste categories to be used, waste management options, the use of the survey software including the inbuilt waste quantity calculators. Health & Safety training was also included. A detailed technical guidance manual, designed for use when surveyors were out visiting sites, was also supplied so that surveyors always had a reference document to consult. Urban Mines also operated a Help Line to support the surveyors should they have any specific issues which they required assistance with during the delivery of their surveys. As part of the training programme, the surveyors conducted pilot surveys on twelve companies in order to both trial the survey systems and software, and to put into practice what they had learned during the initial training. These pilot surveys allowed Groundwork surveyors to gain practical experience in the delivery of the project whilst having access to supervision and support from Urban Mines.
8. Monitoring Performance
Throughout the survey, the project and data managers at Urban Mines monitored booking statistics, brick completion and surveyor utilisation rates. As the surveyors picked up details of future bookings from their online diaries, they also registered the outcome for previous survey visits. As well as handling booking and business data, the project software produced a number of performance indicators allowing project managers to monitor:
calls made by each tele-booker;
number of refusals, wrong numbers and no answers;
appointments booked to date, in total and by allocation to each surveyor;
number of completed surveys;
number of cancellations and re-bookings required, and;
percentage completion of each brick in the sample matrix.
At periods throughout the survey, both the tele-bookers and the surveyors were directly monitored to check performance and correct any problems. For the tele-bookers, adherence to script was checked by listening into calls, and changes made if appropriate. For survey visits, Urban Mines made joint visits with the Groundwork surveyors both to check that the surveying methodology was being adhered to and delivered consistently across the surveyor group, and to identify problems, if any, with the data logging software. Concurrently, Urban Mines also carried out a telephone ‘mini-survey’ of businesses which had been visited by the surveyors, as a further check of performance and to ascertain what the business representative thought of the experience of the project, from initial booking call through to the delivery of the survey. A number of businesses were called at random
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 34 Appendix 3 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
covering each surveyor. This survey of responses was another check that the surveys were progressing satisfactorily and that the businesses involved were happy with how they were treated. Of those contacted, 96% agreed that they were happy with the appointment booking process: 100% responded “Yes” to the question “Did the Surveyor record a fair and accurate representation of site's waste production?”, and; 100% responded “Yes” to the question “If contacted, would you be happy to take part in another similar survey in the future?”
9. PPC Businesses
To assist with the surveying of larger industrial companies NRW supplied waste data from the Pollutions Inventory (PI) for the businesses in Wales that filed PI returns for 2012. On the basis that through random sampling a proportion of these businesses would be visited during the survey period these data provided additional assistance to the surveyors. Using these data allowed the surveyors to be pre-prepared for visits, and meant that what could be a lengthy visit at a major waste producer was made more efficient by being focussed on an already established waste generation list. However, the PI data does not include all wastes (e.g. non-wastes, office wastes) and therefore could not be relied upon to be a comprehensive representation of all wastes to be included in these surveys.
10. Checking for Outliers
All data received were reviewed electronically to identify outliers, i.e. those data points that lay outside the expected range. Once identified, these outliers were further checked, re-confirmed and changed, if necessary, by the surveyor. These checks identified errors in data entry or calculation as well as incorrect classifications. STATA, a statistical software package, was used to check for and identify outliers. Outliers were considered as any points with values that lay more than three (±3) standard deviations away from the mean, using the r (mean) scalar. The analysis was run several times, each time dropping those points identified as outliers to ensure that all such points were identified and re-checked. Below is an example of the results. From the example in Figure 1, points 2328, 7818, 1436, 7400, 5294, 7562, 1775 and 7910 are considered as possible outliers in these data.
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 35 Appendix 3 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
Figure 1 Example of an outlier check using STATA
96589648186076347635706521939319575172643518608719994137884551369157383258568817813691458613165471708668241227507026613667483506652270186891650463577922548548816329489781482998885952596193808326286110621258018858935740932304862717355512880197105542242079955005661868045340243679353943492820076130650981026707511673536270186822507206336727487135466473253764570479748043694614124352789681087161692241085130749585815297887566427572607426418388404449907575516337798103717875652421638080676222531077835169335781637163569848591127279586577134237477348624374633646412594566177918780775684959831775667263758397302004485717926156713728066890794171008652573264206339269792515196331984841864791217749292647778057580966476174843265969186083858672267639710931737463501821771872789915855187490650891793509295308130910251107985241314166045828047124109350981237934568040074282377549342708848178493892487640684830423236546065690384343986853036411877252049832731231829318035742544987779275178153829684138995170615290057681594627092440266571252746299168193747847555443225428786317954592456722350266472234818277728134972201933876159386711231636685841074988663162172819446286768361839422131825580840393002897735524949260215265284878124876987283627025649703173888464282722668532897410824380265248922775279928358520890833971048856026675446715177887606515714136691699812026377472122746777258724845083207025632282856488408517224722849756879713807558605161292770112424907951248526162617248327623833126327906180533412396615522397571244601521893920748320808436822227948798831061778809288635235984645829808783539689916736228958277365901160784944109830827057834124615645140169807630741086802316865830498890839283566012513859111074224312831634228132654886563561725509261389096874238910883267789724468349835016621269125523483682195440358688163318363007377690102964392737567181353468988021390079404097908630203530378968605468826836696864766782813982379883531095378039473958526482629212265760356232937840229498354146748779448678424596675370003988842088279359884239109217744626293055360140102291684094938372382639984177937111825747393262522663805126196406250451075708884427812299807326182195969227194416273896291282382239802662279239784058408095433847969497313198207133474011563325373044273036255579447777136448116938972326447533934538952176998823560651232337138737682681267727353206707681628742264625318060336265638443843158369668321857403852259728282406396631539297340733331561522044003279230957742055226290473786209171853449272275983237670932118253601965455115446526309225943440273949239169492782623134003942254134249488506839871424174631675641516178324025951794326467906526827132920673897626342767883773864384193184334031127066855955819031950930489666683544831268970717673177112192982497606012249419251368122565646922711079900888833263293084607436330150422584949094891237126639621085916646883250122692499459538634059215507490619050255521603442932380389193552153527548113123149709905212525179909676597122608528381292281227204991490391989745656928039232169757856297111434441245585575371681810110651275318683225101624651971286911169041330496627963290148412776982224112535867375916801214335187604522122928165167224043072087376912413691124650962222
40293934728837907536426749825300393135686438652839904343348078744021613739441199203854823817296067206135135137622772805262718110800736104300770448754634421120176446291078146759510911684510549055987990356173588487628139383973382480154628631652557745273375251084662481567514736312426127402327475596624924744604593753947740742461894817723066283313102076862311598174533191437962653516381623321865271016792634771857262647399115174454105120303252566659901559301325953592254756896372225958406175254258684532271636853266728453596187337730265588760470235918227637817108152068015400593847651881875033048039240269435443212710421350262014957179155151032820149769232357269029827610581824091677235854582739215268786714111666251448418914211171146148747342503538192445749976807470496418546309146652472791699115113295131011171069387929661040236710541135722749205933590716316134146222865603579730881278635114922278651656623878163518955052266861213861625780772422529359081270674461111281897312117557697656571138121612207191730011101784289047171053159974841036531314891341165556474295113747941600102560047021226866701504121911193954569329072800683337006757732956203714464243206327107136942992560438045691407017184755415834831037474747835989348563194911297425613953704546101719478837504750670850234536542540947827514110466877439238143855975097522371174167331617743213526805487397512684175048661869169912972370323852303455789360292903199411476032199317811757770915761583339254781779539916376964454817646760557410057417750513032202758811743073715610648055206031797764306747241450138858851359788513386972141810812099130110765234105545091044113314947439250313633366143912991740132942421761160313342150287369092277172372741294462213216099507977219001
427140877694411277537904348463784411438960426349237212966741222341155864448761797790783845305411396063288577425423404105707860986521380635782324975542011738145236178682212976091459177877892134771557507693176966226786639519624752585234915540172066512423206266682254975314795414780814512384456899332219693623903629348297542319478457875790380768083094193619777725482623971083103947271506198110381905479710327431281718311944199679571974726559221949232210312349589414424042178014261429207349611148764271287372106673067666235630961714148571491989529014981022122210277760758919591707134723291437142876111618725614547211133674381357129315001311383613351777101710907895164478432239240478927350747410121306171617337894
23287818
1436
410140653709404136886303379124004096435078564102768579217724357142644740473814756663473790162875474399366024288919797962473173111493448881547623744077692862232147201072107719222151614747339931694571181453681578365601993251007953196847447799426219189925506677719928733929079935524955573871993917266927346547361470992999341947435914769938190799307462147121201021194110639940785213204609536214737844564274133091745510751925194514311028100972927804103575843843610410167890170870291033173454287797820773521704160480301089101379667915
7400
5294
7910
7562
1775
0
50
00
00
10
00
00
01
50
00
00
20
00
00
0
Sum
OfA
nnua
lTon
nage
0 200 400 600 800 1000CoSizeAverage
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 36 Appendix 4 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
Appendix 4 Survey questionnaire
Part A – Waste Produced on Site - Record per Waste Stream
A1. Waste Descriptions as SOC group, SOC sub-group and SOC sub-sub-group of waste stream
All wastes produced on site recorded .e. outgoing wastes and waste disposed of (but no recycled or reused ) on site
If same waste disposed of in a number of different ways the separate waste streams are recorded
Incoming wastes recorded (used as raw materials or for disposal), flagged up in database as “incoming” (note recycling and waste management businesses were not surveyed)
Non- wastes- recorded with SOC codes but flagged up in database as non- wastes.
A2. Form of Waste
o Solid o Liquid o Gas
A3.Nature of waste:
o Hazardous o Non-hazardous
A4.Annual tonnage (and container and conversion factor equivalents)
A5Source of tonnage data:
o Written – weighbridge o Written – Invoice o Written – WT note (where WT = Waste Transfer) o Written - Other o Company estimate o Surveyor estimate
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 37 Appendix 4 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
A6. Waste Management
o Landfill
o Thermal Treatment with Energy Recovery
o Land recovery
o Thermal Treatment without Energy Recovery
o Transfer station
o Treatment plant
o Recycling
o Composting
o Reuse
o Other
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 38 Appendix 5 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
Appendix 5 Sectors surveyed No SIC description Company Type examples
Industrial (Manufacturing) Sectors
1 Food, drink and tobacco Manufacturers
Production, processing and preserving of meat and meat products. fish and fish products, fruit and vegetables, vegetable and animal oils and fats, dairy products, grain mill products, starches and starch products and of prepared animal feeds. Manufacture of beverages including alcohol, manufacture of tobacco products NOTE: THIS IS MANUFACTURERS ONLY. RESTAURANTS, PUBS & BARS COME UNDER NO 8 “HOTELS & CATERING”
2 Textiles, wearing apparel, leather (manufacturing)
Manufacture of Textiles and Textile Products including spinning of fibres (cotton, wool, worsted etc), textile weaving, manufacture of articles including carpets, soft furnishings, manufacture of clothes are wearing apparel including from leather, and of luggage and footwear.
3. Wood and wood products (manufacturing)
Manufacture of Wood and Wood Products including sawmills, manufacture of plywood, laminboard, particle board, fibre board and other panels and boards, Manufacture of builders’ carpentry and joinery and wood; of articles of cork, straw and plaiting materials
4 Paper and paper products (manufacturing)
Manufacture of Pulp, Paper and Paper Products Publishing and Printing including pulp, paper and paperboard and articles of paper and paperboard including stationery, wall paper, cartons, boxes. Publishing, Printing and Reproduction of Recorded Media including newspapers and books, sound and recording media.
5 Coke and petroleum products (manufacturing)
Manufacture of Coke, Refined Petroleum Products and Nuclear Fuel
6
Chemical, pharmaceutical, rubber & plastic products
Manufacture of Chemicals and Chemical Products including basic chemicals, dyes & pigments, fertilisers, plastics, synthetic rubber, pesticides & agrochemicals, paints, varnishes and similar coatings, printing ink and mastics pharmaceuticals, medicinal chemicals and botanical products soap and detergents, cleaning and polishing preparations, perfumes and toilet preparations, man made fibres. Manufacture of Rubber and Plastic Products including tyres, plastic products including floor coverings
7 Other non-metallic mineral products
Manufacture of Other Non-metallic Mineral Products including of glass and glass products, of ceramic goods; manufacture of tiles and flags, or bricks cement and plaster and articles of concrete, plaster and cement. Cutting, shaping and finishing of ornamental and building stone
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 39 Appendix 5 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
No SIC description Company Type examples
8 Basic metals, and metal products
Manufacture of basic iron and steel and of ferro-alloys including tubes and wire, Aluminium, Lead, zinc, tin and Copper production. Casting of metals. Manufacture of Fabricated Metal Products, Except Machinery and Equipment Including metal tanks, radiators, metal coatings, manufacture of cutlery and tools, steel drums, screws, chains.
9 Computer, electrical equip, machinery and motors
Manufacture of Machinery and Equipment for the production and use of mechanical power, except aircraft, vehicle and cycle engines, agricultural and forestry machinery, machine tools, machinery for mining, quarrying and construction, for food, beverage and tobacco, textile, paper & pulp processing Manufacture of weapons and ammunition Manufacture of domestic appliances Manufacture of Electrical and Optical Equipment, including office machinery and computers, electric motors, generators and transformers, batteries and insulated wire, lighting equipment Manufacture of Radio, Television and Communication Equipment and Apparatus Manufacture of Medical, Precision and Optical Instruments, Watches and Clocks Manufacture of industrial process control equipment, optical instruments and photographic equipment Manufacture of Motor Vehicles, Trailers and Semi-trailers, of ships, boats, cycles, aircraft.
10
Furniture, other manufacturing, repair and installation
Manufacture of Furniture; of jewellery and related articles, musical instruments, sports goods, games and toys
11 Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply
Electricity and Gas production and Supply including Steam and hot water supply
12 Water collection, treatment and supply
Water collection, treatment and supply; Sewerage;
Commercial (Service) Sectors
13
Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles (excl. 46.77)
Wholesale and Retail Trade; Repair of Motor Vehicles, Motorcycles and Personal and Household Goods, including car sales and maintenance, petrol, Wholesalers and agents, retail shops and stores
14 Transportation and storage
Land transport and transport via pipelines; Water transport Air transport; Warehousing and support activities for transportation Postal and courier activities
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 40 Appendix 5 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
No SIC description Company Type examples
15 Accommodation and food service activities
Hotels and Restaurants, campsites, pubs and bars
16 Information and communication
Publishing activities; Motion picture, video and television programme production, sound recording and music publishing activities; Programming and broadcasting activities; Telecommunications; Computer programming, consultancy and related activities; Information service activities
17 Financial and insurance activities
Financial including banks, building societies, insurance and pension funds; Insurance, reinsurance and pension funding, except compulsory social security; Activities auxiliary to financial services and insurance activities
18 Real estate activities
Estate Agents
19 Professional, scientific and technical activities
Legal and accounting activities; Activities of head offices; management consultancy activities; Architectural and engineering activities; technical testing and analysis; Scientific research and development; Advertising and market research; Other professional, scientific and technical activities; Veterinary activities
20 Administrative and support service activities
Rental and leasing activities; Employment activities; Travel agency, tour operator and other reservation service and related activities; Security and investigation activities; Services to buildings and landscape activities; Office administrative, office support and other business support activities
21
Public administration and defence, compulsory social security
Public Administration and Defence; Compulsory Social Security Local authorities, fire stations, police
22 Education Education (schools and colleges)
23 Human health and social work activities
Health & social work, including hospitals & doctors, Human health activities; Residential care activities; Social work activities without accommodation
24 Arts, entertainment and recreation
Creative, arts and entertainment activities; Libraries, archives, museums and other cultural activities; Gambling and betting activities; Sports activities and amusement and recreation activities
25 Other services
Activities of membership organisations; Repair of computers and personal and household goods; Other personal service activities
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 41 Appendix 6 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
Appendix 6 Waste descriptions
(SOC Group) & Sub-group SOC Sub-sub-group
(Chemical wastes) Spent solvents
Halogenated spent solvents
Non- halogenated spent solvents
Other solvents
(Chemical wastes) Acid, alkaline or saline wastes
Acid
Alkaline
Other saline
(Chemical wastes) Used oils (mineral) Used motor oils
Other used oils
(Chemical wastes) Chemical preparation wastes
Unused medicines
Paints, varnish, inks & adhesive wastes
Other chemical preparation wastes
Minor mixed chemical wastes
Tars and carbonaceous wastes
Oils/water emulsions sludges
Chemical reaction residues
Spent filtration and absorbent materials
Other Chemical deposits and residues
(Chemical wastes) Industrial effluent sludge’s (chemical)
Sludge’s from industrial processes & effluent treatment
Sludge’s containing hydrocarbons
(Health care) Health care and biological wastes
Human infectious health care wastes
Animal infectious health care wastes
Genetic engineering wastes
Other healthcare wastes
(Metallic wastes) Metallic wastes
Ferrous metal waste and scrap
Waste precious metal
(Metallic wastes) Metallic wastes
Other waste aluminium
Copper waste
Other metal wastes
Mixed metallic packaging
Other mixed metallic wastes
(Non-metallic wastes) Glass wastes
Glass packaging
Other glass waste
(Non-metallic wastes) Paper and Paper packaging
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 42 Appendix 6 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
(SOC Group) & Sub-group SOC Sub-sub-group
Cardboard wastes
Other paper waste
Card packaging
Other card waste
Mixed paper & card packaging
Other mixed paper & card waste
(Non-metallic wastes) Rubber wastes Used tyres
Other rubber waste
(Non-metallic wastes) Plastic wastes Plastic packaging
Other plastic wastes
(Non-metallic wastes) Wood wastes
Wood packaging
Treated or coated wood sawdust and shavings
Other treated or coated wood wastes
(Non-metallic wastes) Textile wastes
Carpet
Clothing
Other textile wastes
(Discarded equipment) Batteries and accumulators wastes
Household similar batteries
Car batteries
Other batteries
(Discarded equipment) WEEE and other discarded equipment
Discarded electrical and electronic equipment
Discarded machines and equipment components
(Animal & vegetable wastes) Animal waste of food preparation and products
Food processing - animal waste
Domestic & canteen food waste - animal
Other Animal waste of food preparation and products
(Animal & vegetable wastes) Other animal & vegetable wastes
Food processing - vegetable waste
Domestic & canteen food waste - vegetable
Food processing waste - mixed animal & vegetable waste
Domestic & canteen food waste - mixed animal & vegetable
Green wastes (garden)
Cooking oil
Vegetable oil
Other animal & vegetable wastes
(Mixed (ordinary) wastes) Household and similar wastes
Mixed residual
Dry mixed recyclate(DMR)
Bulky waste
(Mixed (ordinary) wastes) Mixed and Mixed residual
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 43 Appendix 6 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
(SOC Group) & Sub-group SOC Sub-sub-group
undifferentiated materials Dry mixed recyclate(DMR)
Mixed packaging
(Mineral wastes) Other mineral wastes Artificial mineral wastes
Waste refractory materials
(Mineral wastes) Construction and demolition waste
Concrete, bricks and gypsum waste
Waste hydrocarbonised road-surfacing material
Mixed construction wastes
Gypsum - plasterboard
Gypsum - excess wet plaster
Gypsum - plaster powder
Insulation - fibreglass/mineral wood
Insulation - natural fibres
Insulation - insulating concrete blocks
Insulation - foam based
Insulation - structural insulated panels
Insulation - reflective insulation products
(Non-wastes) Virgin timber
Sawdust and shavings
Bark
Solid pieces e.g. plank ends
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 44 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
Appendix 7 Waste Management Methods
Prime Waste Management method Waste Management Description – sub category
Land disposal
Landfill
Soakaway
Lagoon disposal
Deep injection (borehole)
Other land disposal
Land recovery
Landspread
Injection
Other land recovery
Incineration with Energy Recovery
Incineration with energy recovery
Pyrolysis
Gasification
Waste derived fuel
Other thermal treatment with energy recovery
Incineration without Energy Recovery
Incineration without Energy Recovery
Pyrolysis (without Energy Recovery)
Gasification (without Energy Recovery)
Crematorium
Other TT without Energy Recovery
Transfer Station Transfer
Treatment
Treated - physico/chemical
Treated – biological
Separation
Mechanical Biological Treatment (MBT)
Autoclave
Rendering e.g. food waste into pet food manufacture
Mechanical heat treatment
Alternative treatment technologies
Recycling
Source separated - collected by a waste contractor or sent direct to a reprocessor
Mixed/co-mingled sent to MRF/transfer station
Waste recycling centre/Civic Amenity site
Composting
Windrow composting
In-Vessel Composting (IVC)
Anaerobic Digestion (AD)
Other
Reuse
Preparation (*) for Re-use on site
Preparation for Re-use off site
Direct Re-use on site
Other reuse
‘Other’
“Other Recovery” i.e. Other specialised recovery operations not specified above e.g. recovery of components from catalysts, recovery of components used for pollution abatement.
Maceration (food waste)
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 45 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
Appendix 8 Standard Container Types
No Container Group Container Name Container Volume
1 Front- end loader 6 yd3 Front- loader 4.6
2 Front- end loader 8 yd3 Front- loader 6.1
3 Front- end loader 10 yd3 Front- loader 7.6
4 Rear- end loader 8 yd3 rear- loader 6.1
5 Rear- end loader 10 yd3 rear- loader 7.6
6 Rear- end loader 12 yd3 rear- loader 9.2
7 Rear- end loader 14 yd3 rear- loader 10.7
8 Rear- end loader 16 yd3 rear- loader 12.2
9 Large container - RoRo 15 yd3 RoRo 11.5
10 Large container – RoRo 18 yd3 RoRo 13.8
11 Large container – RoRo 20 yd3 RoRo 15.3
12 Large container – RoRo 25 yd3 RoRo 19.1
13 Large container – RoRo 30 yd3 RoRo 23
14 Large container – RoRo 35 yd3 RoRo 26.8
15 Large container – RoRo 40 yd3 RoRo 30.6
16 Wheeled Bin 1100 litre bin 1.1
17 Wheeled Bin 660 litre bin 0.66
18 Wheeled Bin 240 litre bin 0.24
19 Wheeled Bin 120 litre bin 0.12
20 Paladin Paladin 850 0.85
21 Paladin Paladin 560 0.56
22 Chamberlain Chamberlain 940 0.94
23 Chamberlain Chamberlain 720 0.72
24 IBC 1200 litre IBC 1.2
25 IBC 1100 litre IBC 1.1
26 Drum/ barrel 200 litre drum 0.2
27 Drum/ barrel 120 litre drum 0.12
28 Drum/ barrel 30 litre drum 0.03
29 Cages Cages (for cardboard) 825 litres 0.825
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 46 Appendix 9 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
Appendix 9 Conversion factors
SOC Group SOC Sub group Waste type Conversion
Factor
Chemical wastes Sludge’s 0.92
Chemical wastes Petrol and similar fuels 0.72
Chemical wastes Spent carbon and carbon containing wastes
0.24
Chemical wastes Liquids and oils 0.9
Chemical wastes Powders 0.36
Health care Clinical waste incl. blood and organs
0.2
Metallic wastes Metal filings and turnings 0.3
Metallic wastes Ferrous cans- whole 0.09
Metallic wastes Ferrous cans- compacted 0.5
Metallic wastes Aluminium cans- whole 0.04
Metallic wastes Aluminium cans- compacted 0.2
Non- metallic wastes Glass Glass pieces (e.g. waste from manufacture of glass products)
0.57
Non- metallic wastes Glass Glass powders and small particles 1.21
Non- metallic wastes Glass Glass bottles- whole 0.36
Non- metallic wastes Paper and card Paper and card packaging and newspaper- compacted
0.51
Non- metallic wastes Paper and card Paper/ card packaging and newspaper- whole
0.2
Non- metallic wastes Paper and card Paper/ card pulps and fibres 0.9
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 47 Appendix 9 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
SOC Group SOC Sub group Waste type Conversion
Factor
Non- metallic wastes Rubber End- of – life tyres 0.47
Non- metallic wastes Plastic Plastic packing and shavings- compacted
0.32
Non- metallic wastes Plastic Plastic packaging and shavings/ turnings from manufacture of plastic products
0.22
Non- metallic wastes Plastic Plastic bottles- whole 0.02
Non- metallic wastes Plastic bottles- compacted 0.3
Non- metallic wastes Plastic film- compacted 0.5
Non- metallic wastes Wood Sawdust, shavings from wood processing
0.25
Non- metallic wastes Wood Pallets and other wooden packaging
0.11
Non- metallic wastes Textile Cloths, off-cuts and other textile pieces
0.2
Non- metallic wastes Textile Textile fibres 0.61
Discarded equipment Batteries Batteries 1.35
Discarded equipment WEEE and other discarded equipment
Fluorescent tubes 0.19
Discarded equipment WEEE and other discarded equipment
Components, electronic equipment and similar items
0.3
Animal and vegetable wastes
General food waste 0.28
Animal and vegetable wastes
Sludge’s 0.92
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 48 Appendix 9 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
SOC Group SOC Sub group Waste type Conversion
Factor
Animal and vegetable wastes
Green/ garden wastes- not compacted
0.24
Animal and vegetable wastes
Green/ garden wastes- compacted
0.61
Animal and vegetable wastes
Oils and fats 0.61
Mixed (ordinary) wastes
Mixed waste similar to municipal waste – compacted
0.26
Mixed (ordinary) wastes
Mixed waste with similar profile to mixed municipal waste
0.11
Common sludge’s Sludge’s 0.92
Mineral wastes Slags (e.g. furnace slags) 1.08
Mineral wastes Waste gravel, crushed rocks and other mineral wastes
1.23
Mineral wastes Flue- gas dust and similar 0.74
Mineral wastes Ash and boiler dust 0.5
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 49 Appendix 10 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
Appendix 10 Standard items
SOC Group SOC Sub Group Item Item
Weight (kg)
Metallic Wastes Metallic wastes Drums, steel, empty 200l 18
Non- metallic wastes Rubber Tyre- car 10
Non- metallic wastes Rubber Tyre- commercial vehicle 30
Non- metallic wastes Plastic Drums, plastic, empty ca 200l 10
Non- metallic wastes Plastic IBC, empty ca 1,000l 70
Non- metallic wastes wood Pallet 20
Discarded equipment Batteries Battery- car 18
Discarded equipment Batteries Battery – commercial vehicle 25
Discarded equipment Other discarded equipment Mattress 40
Discarded equipment Other discarded equipment Furniture – office 25
Discarded equipment Other discarded equipment Chairs - office 12
Discarded equipment WEEE (other requirement) Fluorescent tube 1
Discarded equipment WEEE (other requirement) Computer - full 28
Discarded equipment WEEE (other requirement) Dishwasher 50
Discarded equipment WEEE (other requirement) Washing machine 75
Discarded equipment WEEE (other requirement) Freezer 45
Discarded equipment WEEE (other requirement) Fridge 45
Discarded equipment WEEE (other requirement) Microwave cooker 17
Discarded equipment WEEE (other requirement) Photocopier 50
Discarded equipment WEEE (other requirement) Printer- for computer 6
Discarded equipment WEEE (other requirement) Television set 20
Discarded equipment WEEE (other requirement) Video recorder 11
Discarded equipment WEEE (other requirement) Cooker 52.5
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 50 Appendix 11 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
Appendix 11 Lessons learned The survey was planned and issues considered following previous Environment Agency Wales surveys that had been undertaken. However, below are particular survey issues that were identified in this survey that may want to be considered in any future surveys. Corporate Data For some businesses, such as supermarkets or multi-outlet operations such as post offices or water utility sites, because of back hauling of waste to distribution centres or central management of waste contracts, data on waste generation is not held by individual locations. In such cases, data can often be collected centrally from regional or national business managers. However, caution has to be employed in using this data. The source or robustness of this data is not always obvious. It potentially can dominate waste generation in individual bricks in the sample frame and will have a negative impact on the random sampling methodology employed upon which the sampling methodology relies. This needs monitoring closely and augmented significantly by data from other businesses and sources so that the potential negative aspects of corporate data are minimised. Timescales for Quality Assurance of data Checks on the waste data collected during the survey visits were on-going throughout the survey. This was planned for at the start of the survey. However, it was necessary to undertake extensive quality assurance checks on the data once it had been grossed-up to National and regional level in Wales. This was in relation to the previous 2007 I&C survey, business population data and other data sets and was to make sure we were confident with the results of the survey. This took much longer than we had planned, and therefore would recommend for future surveys that at least 3-4 months is allowed for these checks to be undertaken.
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 51 Appendix 12 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
Appendix 12 Data Grossing Methodology The process of extrapolating the waste generation of surveyed businesses to estimate total waste generation at a national or local authority level is termed ‘grossing up’. As the survey followed a sample frame structured by sector ( s ) and size band (b ), the grossing
up methodology was also performed on a brick by brick basis. 1. National methodology
For each brick ( sb ) the average sample weight per business wsb was calculated by
dividing the total sample weight wsb by the number of sampled businesses nsb :
sb
sbsb
n
w w
The grossed up weight for each brick Wsb was then calculated by multiplying the
population N sb by the average sample weight per business wsb :
sb
sbsbsbsbsb
n
wNwNW
The grossed up weights for each brick Wsb were then added together to give the grand
total grossed up weight W :
s,b
sbWW
The same approach was used for grossing up a particular category of waste (e.g. a
particular waste type); the only difference being that wsb represents the total sample
weight for that category. 2. Local methodology
The grossed up weight for a particular sector, band and local authority ( Wsbl ) was
calculated as the sum of (i) the total sample weight at the sampled businesses in that local
authority wsbl , and (ii) the national average sample weight per business wsb times the
number of unsurveyed businesses in that local authority sblsbl nN :
sbsblsblsbl
sb
sbsblsbl sblsbl wnNw
n
wnNw W
)(
Thus, the waste generation from unsurveyed businesses were estimated by the national average for that brick.
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 52 Appendix 12 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
The national grossed up weight for each local authority Wl was calculated as the sum of
the grossed up weight for each brick:
bs
sbll W W,
The estimates for each local authority were then aggregated up to a regional level. The same approach was used for grossing up a particular category of waste (e.g. a
particular waste type); the only difference being that wsbl and wsb represented the total
sample weight for that category. 3. Special businesses The three ‘special’ businesses in Band 10 were grossed up separately, which means that their waste arisings were not extrapolated in the usual way but instead added directly to the grossed up total. 4. Corporate data A small number of surveyed businesses proactively and systematically gather data on environmental performance at a corporate level, rather than on a site by site basis, and were therefore able to provide centrally held data for multiple local units. Whilst this additional data is welcome, it violates the basic assumption of random sampling and carries the risk that the survey results could be skewed towards the waste management practices of such businesses. To mitigate this risk, mean waste arisings were calculated for each brick with and without the inclusion of corporate data and waste types and disposal routes were also compared to ensure that any corporate data included in the grossing up calculations was broadly representative of that produced by other companies in the same brick. Although the corporate data generally had lower tonnages than non-corporate data, the corporate data did not dominate the results for any brick and was not obviously atypical, given the wide variability among local units. On this basis, it was decided to include and gross up all the corporate data. 5. Estimating N
The total population of businesses in each brick and local authority sblN was supplied by
ONS. Of the 1537 businesses surveyed, 201 (13%) were found to be in the wrong sector or size band and the ONS population figures were adjusted accordingly. For example, if
sblN = 100, and 4 out of 10 businesses surveyed were mis-classified, then sblN was re-
estimated as: 100 – 4 = 96. This correction was necessary to avoid numerous instances where there were more businesses surveyed than listed on the ONS database.
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 53 Appendix 12 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
Consideration was given to adjusting the ONS population figures in proportion to the
misclassifications in the survey dataset; for example, if sblN =100, and 4 out of 10
businesses surveyed were mis-classified, then sblN would be re-estimated as: 100 * (10 –
4) /10 = 60. This correction was not implemented, however, as it was felt that the small sample sizes in each brick gave an unreliable estimate of the proportion of businesses that were mis-classified, which could lead to even less reliable population figures. 6. Unsurveyed bricks Three bricks were empty (i.e. the ONS population was zero). Due to difficulties in recruiting businesses, a further six bricks had no businesses surveyed (Table 24). The average weight of waste per business in these bricks was estimated from a neighbouring brick (usually the next smallest size band in the same sector). No adjustments were made to the figures to account for differences among size bands because the number of companies and the tonnages involved were small. Table 24: Bricks where no businesses could be surveyed
Brick No.
No. of businesses in population
Sector Size band
Size band from which substitute data taken
15 2 Manufacture of textiles, wearing apparel, leather and related products
100-249 50-99
33 1 Manufacture of coke and refined petroleum products
1-2 5-9
34 2 Manufacture of coke and refined petroleum products
3-4 5-9
36 1 Manufacture of coke and refined petroleum products
10-19 5-9
56 1 Manufacture of other non-metallic mineral products
250+ 100-249
83 16 Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply
5-9 3-4
7. Quality assurance checks In addition to screening the data for outliers, a range of additional checks were carried out on the grossed up results to flag up inconsistencies and individual waste streams that
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 54 Appendix 12 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
needed checking. In response to these checks, a number of surveyed businesses were contacted by phone by Urban Mines to check and confirm or change key data. Specifically, the following checks were undertaken. (1) Sensitivity analysis A sensitivity analysis was undertaken using the grossed up data to identify the waste streams that had the greatest influence on national and sectoral waste totals. The accuracy of the information for these waste streams was checked with the businesses surveyed (i.e. correct size band, reported tonnages, waste types and management methods). (2) ‘Special’ business checks Checks were undertaken to identify and investigate any businesses that had unusually high waste arisings compared with others in the same brick to see whether they were unique and could be treated as ‘special’ companies and grossed up separately. Apart from the three businesses identified at the outset of the project, no other special businesses were found. (3) Comparison of 2012 results with 2007 I&C survey results, Population Data and Index of Production Both the 2007 and 2012 I&C surveys reported waste generated by SIC Code 2007. The totals and sub-totals of the two datasets were compared and statistically significant differences between the two surveys were identified. These differences were resolved following comparisons with population data or checks made with businesses on the 2012 waste data. The index of production1, which looks at the output of industrial and commercial sectors in Wales, was also compared between 2007 and 2012 as this may affect the waste generation of sectors and therefore assist in interpreting trends. The 2007 survey estimated that 3.57 million tonnes of waste was generated in Wales compared to 3.66 million tonnes in 2012 (excluding non-wastes). Extrapolating the 2007 I&C survey dataset to the 2012 ONS population figures resulted in a very similar Wales overall tonnage at 5.4 million tonnes compared to 2012 survey figures of 5.8 million tonnes (including non-wastes). The difference can be explained by the 2012 survey having a wider scope than in 2007 in the recording of non-wastes (i.e. recording materials directly re-used at the site that they were produced wherever possible).
1 Published by StatsWales “Index of Production and Index of Construction for Wales”
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 55 Appendix 12 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
The ability to compare the 2007 and 2012 I&C results is constrained by the precision achieved by the two surveys. Both surveys have a certain margin of error, so differences between the 2007 and 2012 survey will sometimes be due to sampling error rather than a genuine change in waste generation or management. Once the data was finalised, further statistical work was conducted to compare the headline I&C 2012 results with the I&C 2007 results to identify any statistically significant differences using a two sample t-test. Table 25 summarises the results and highlights the p values that were statistically significant (less than 0.05). These were the preparation for re-use, recycling and composting rate for commercial sectors, the landfill rate for the commercial sectors and the landfill rate for the industrial and commercial sectors combined. All other p values in table 25 were greater than 0.05 and therefore the differences were not statistically significant for the other headline results. Table 25: Statistically significant difference t-test results
Headline result Type 2007 2012 t value* p value
Quantity of waste (thousands of
tonnes)
Industrial 1896 2001 0.44 0.66
Commercial 1677 1665 0.09 0.93
Industrial & Commercial combined 3573 3666 0.40 0.69
Preparation for reuse, recycling & composting rate
(%)
Industrial 59.5 49.6 1.35 0.18
Commercial 37.5 67.8 5.17 <0.01
Industrial & Commercial combined 49.1 57.9 1.86 0.06
Landfill rate (%)
Industrial 29.0 26.7 1.08 0.28
Commercial 50.5 25.8 5.97 <0.01
Industrial & Commercial combined 39.1 26.3 6.93 <0.01
* Significance was assessed using a two sample t-test, assuming a sample size of n=1500 in each year. Variances were generally equal across the two years.
(4) Comparison with other Natural Resources Wales Datasets Natural Resources Wales (NRW) compared the grossed up survey data against permitted site returns for landfills and incineration and data from the Hazardous Waste Interrogator. The inferred Industrial & Commercial proportion from NRW landfill site 2012 returns was 960 thousand tonnes, which is very similar to the survey result of 963 thousand tonnes landfilled (within a 1% discrepancy). NRW hazardous waste data estimated that 275 thousand tonnes of hazardous waste was generated in Wales in 2012. Combining the hazardous waste generated industrial and commercial survey estimation of 239 thousand tonnes and Construction & Demolition survey estimation of 38 thousand tonnes (separately reported) produced an estimated total of 276 thousand tonnes from both
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 56 Appendix 12 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
surveys. This is less than a 1% discrepancy with the NRW hazardous waste dataset and therefore further supports the survey results. The NRW incinerator site returns were lower at 59,000 tonnes compared to 143,000 tonnes in the survey results. However the incinerator returns do not take into account waste from Wales being sent for incineration to England or facilities that burned waste from their own in-house processes etc. Industrial facilities regulated under the PPC Regulations (Environmental Permitting Regulations (England and Wales) 2010) are required to submit a pollution inventory (PI) return to Natural Resources Wales on an annual basis. For those industrial businesses that had submitted a PI return and agreed to take part in the survey, both sets of data were compared to identify any discrepancies. Overall the majority of businesses revealed little difference between both sets of data, but a few significant differences were identified and checked. The following changes were made as a result of these checks.
One company had a large discrepancy between the surveyed tonnages and PI records. Despite making a series of follow-up calls, it was not possible to make contact with the company to check the validity of the survey data, so this data was also added directly rather than grossed up.
A depot receiving waste from a chain of stores in South Wales was excluded from the grossing up calculations because it was not possible to distinguish the back-hauled material from waste generated at the depot itself, and it was not possible to link the survey data back to individual stores.
If follow-up enquiries revealed the data to be accurate, or if the data could not be verified but had a limited impact on the overall results, then it was grossed up in the usual way, even if this occasionally yielded results with poor precision. For example, a small tyre retailer in the Wholesale and Retail sector producing a modest quantity of rubber waste lead, after grossing up, to a high estimate of total rubber waste in that sector. Without knowing how many companies with similar operations exist in that brick, we had no way of knowing how representative the surveyed company was. To exclude or directly add in the data risked under-estimating total waste generated for that brick, so we instead accepted the risk that rubber waste may have been over-estimated as a result of random sampling error. 8. Assessment of uncertainty For the national estimates, the variance in the grossed up weight for each brick
WVar sb )( was estimated by:
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 57 Appendix 12 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
2
1
)()( sb
sb
sbsb
sb
sbisb N
N
nN
n
wVarWVar
where wVar sbi)( is the variance in the weight of waste among the nsb businesses in that
brick and
1sb
sbsb
N
nNis a finite population correction factor that ensures that the variance is
zero when all the businesses in a brick have been surveyed (i.e. Nn sbsb ).
It was not possible to calculate a variance for the 15 bricks where just one business was surveyed. In these bricks, the variance was instead estimated from the average tonnage using the formula:
284.0)( sbsb wWVar
where 0.84 is the average coefficient of variation across all bricks with at least two
sampled businesses and wsb is the average sample weight per business in that brick (i.e.
the tonnage for the one surveyed company). The variance in the grand total grossed up weight WVar )( was then estimated by summing
the variances for all bricks:
bs
sbWVarWVar,
)()(
This variance was then converted to a measure of precision ( W , %):
W
WVarW
)(65.1100
where 1.65 is a multiplier to give the precision at 90% confidence (i.e. we can be 90%
confident that the true value of W lies within ± W %).
A similar set of calculations were done for the local estimates. Here, the waste of the surveyed businesses is known without error, so the only uncertainty arises from the unsurveyed businesses. The variance in the grossed up weight for each sector, band and
local authority WVar sbl )( was estimated by:
21
)()( sblsbl
sb
sbsb
sb
sbisbl nN
N
nN
n
wVarWVar
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 58 Appendix 12 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
The variance in the grand total grossed up weight for that local authority WVar l )( was
estimated by summing the variances for all bricks:
bs
sbll WVarWVar,
)()(
and then converted to a measure of precision ( W , %):
l
l
WW
WVar )(65.1100
Note that these precision calculations take into account only the uncertainty arising from random sampling error; it was assumed that all surveyed weights and the ONS population figures were correct. It was also assumed that all surveyed weights are normally distributed and independent.
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 59 Appendix 13 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
Appendix 13 Glossary and abbreviations Statistical Terminology Brick (cell) A cell in the sample matrix, referring to a particular combination of size
band and Standard Industrial Classification (SIC).
Confidence Quoted in conjunction with a measure of precision, confidence is a
measure of how confident one is in the reliability of an estimated quantity.
For example, if total waste arisings were estimated with a precision of +/-
4.7% at 90% confidence, then we can be 90% confident that the true
(unknown) total waste arisings are within +/- 4.7% of the estimated value.
Grossing (data) In the context of this survey, data grossing means extrapolating the
survey data to estimate the total waste generated by a national aor
regional population.
GUW Grossed Up Weight
Mean This is a measure of the central tendency or location of the population or
sample data. It is the sum of the data values divided by the number of
observations. If the data set is from a sample, then it is a sample mean
and if it is from a population, it is a population mean.
Outlier This is an observation in a set of data that is far removed in value from the
others in the same data set. It is an unusually large or small value
compared to others.
Population A complete set of all units (i.e. people, places, objects or many other
things) being studied and from which data is collected, described and
conclusions drawn. In this report, the population is the collection of all
businesses in Wales included in the scope of the survey.
Sample Matrix/ Sample Frame A table that indicates how many businesses are to be sampled from the
population. The sample matrix is divided into a number of bricks.
Size Band A classification of business size based upon the actual number of
employees employed by the business on site.
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 60 Appendix 13 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
Standard Deviation Standard deviation measures the spread of the data set about the mean
value. It is used to summarise how much variability there is in a sample or
population.
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Waste Management Terminology
Anaerobic Digestion
The turning of organic waste into soil conditioner using the process of
biodegradation without oxygen. This composting method also produces
methane.
Animal by Products (ABP)
Regulations
Animal carcasses, parts of carcasses or products of animal origin that are
not intended for human consumption. The regulations govern the
processing of the wastes from animal sources to prevent cross
contamination.
Biodegradable
Materials that break down through natural processes.
Commercial Waste Waste generated from premises that are used wholly or mainly for trade,
business, sport, recreation or entertainment, excluding household and
industrial waste (as defined in the Environmental Protection Act 1990).
Composting
The controlled biological decomposition and stabilisation of biodegradable
materials (such as organic garden and kitchen wastes) under
predominantly aerobic conditions to produce humus (organic) rich,
sanitised and stabilised product that can be beneficial to soil.
Construction or demolition
waste
Generated from the construction, repair, maintenance and demolition of
buildings. It mainly includes bricks, concrete, sub soil and top soil but may
also include wood, metal and plastics.
Energy from Waste (EfW)
This is the production of energy from waste. This can be in the form of
burning solid waste in an incinerator or collecting gases such as methane
from landfill sites. The heat produced is used to make electricity.
European Waste Catalogue
(EWC) Code
A substance and activity oriented classification of waste in 20 Chapters.
European Waste Catalogue
for Statistics (EWC STAT)
A (mainly) substance oriented statistical classification (SOC) of waste
used for reporting waste statistics to the European Union.
Exempt Waste Waste handled by activities that are exempt from environmental
permitting.
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Fly tipping
Waste which is dumped illegally by householders or businesses. This can
be anything from old furniture to bags of waste or cars. Fly tipping is
illegal and can carry a fine, or in some cases a more serious punishment.
Gasification
Generated
Thermal treatment that involves heating waste in the presence of oxygen
to recover energy in the form of gas.
The amount of waste produced by the activity of a sector over a set period
of time.
Hazardous waste
Waste that is hazardous or contains hazardous substances, these are
listed in the EU hazardous waste directory. This is waste that is reactive,
toxic, corrosive or otherwise dangerous to living things and/ or the
environment.
Household waste
This includes waste thrown in bins at home and collected by the local
council. Also, litter collection and street sweepings, garden waste, waste
from civic amenity sites and waste collected for recycling or composting
from domestic properties.
Industrial waste
Waste from a factory (within the meaning of the Factories Act 1961) or
from any premises used for, or in connection with
Provision of public transport
Public supply of gas, water, electricity or sewerage services
Provision to the public of postal or communication services
Inert Waste
Chemically inert, non-combustible, non-biodegradable and non-polluting
waste defined in the EU Directive on the Landfill of Waste. For example
bricks.
Landfilling The final disposal of solid waste by placing it in a controlled fashion in a
place intended to be permanent.
Non- wastes
Natural Resources Wales, Environment Agency and WRAP (Waste
Resources Action Programme) have reviewed and amended the legal
classification of a number of materials including blast furnace slag and
virgin timber, from waste to by-product, with clarification from the EU, and
through consultation with industry, as part of the “Waste Protocols
Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 63 Appendix 13 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk
Preparation for re-use
Project”. A quality protocol gives guidance on how to recover waste,
remove it from the regulatory regime and unnecessary regulations. In the
context of this report, such wastes are described as “non- wastes”.
Checking, cleaning or repairing recovery operations, by which products or
components of products that have become waste are prepared so that
they can be re-used without any other pre-processing.
Producer responsibility
This is a type of law that makes the people who produce items e.g.
manufacturers, responsible the disposal/recycling of the item when it is no
longer of use. The packaging waste regulations are an example of
producer responsibility law. Many supermarkets are now realising their
responsibility and recycling plastic bags for example.
Putrescible
Liable to rot or decompose, the best example being food waste.
Pyrolysis
Recovery
Pyrolysis, often incorporating gasification, is a thermal process where
organic materials in the waste are broken down under pressure and in the
absence of oxygen. The process works best when the input waste is
carbon-rich, preferably sorted or pre-sorted. The Pyrolysis process
produces a liquid residue and gaseous output which may be combusted
to generate electricity.
‘Other recovery’ is any operation meeting the definition for ‘recovery’
under the Waste Framework Directive but failing to comply with the
specific requirements for preparation for re-use or for recycling e.g. land
recovery and incineration with energy recovery.
Recyclables Materials that still have useful physical or chemical properties after
serving their original purpose and that can, therefore, be re-used or
remanufactured into additional products.
Recycle
Any recovery operation by which waste materials are reprocessed into
products, materials or substances whether for the original or other
purposes. It includes the reprocessing of organic material but does not
include energy recovery and the reprocessing into materials that are to be
used as fuels or for backfilling operations
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Re-use
The act of using an item more than once. For example, many
supermarkets now have carrier bags which you can use over and over
again, and some businesses deliver goods in reusable plastic crates. The
key difference between ‘re-use‘ and ‘preparing for re-use‘ is that in the
former case the material or object has not become a waste, whereas in
the case of ‘preparing for re-use’, the material in question has become
waste in the meaning of the waste definition
Thermal treatment A broad generic term covering processes that involve the use of heat to
treat waste. Incineration is the most common thermal treatment process.
Pyrolysis and gasification are other high temperature processes used, for
example, in technologies producing refuse derived fuel.
Transfer Station A site to which waste is delivered for sorting and compacting prior to
transfer to another place for recycling, treatment or disposal.
Waste Any substance or object in the categories set out in Annex 1 of the Waste
Framework Directive (91/156/EEC), which the holder discards or intends
or is required to discard.
Wastes In the context of this report, wastes which are controlled under the EU
Waste Framework Directive i.e. not including “non- wastes”.
Waste minimisation The process of reducing the amount of waste that is disposed of whether
by businesses or households.
Waste Statistics Regulations EU regulations that require Member States to report data on waste
generation and treatment to the European Commission every two years.
WEEE
Waste Electronic & Electrical Equipment
WRAP
Waste Resources Action Programme.
UK Standard Industrial
Classification (SIC) Code
UK Classification system for economic activities