Supreme Court Cases EOC Review

Becky Griffith

Marbury v. Madison, 1803

• Judicial Review

McCulloch v. Maryland, 1819

• National Supremacy• (States can not tell the federal government

what to do!)

• Implied Powers• (Federal government does have the right to

create a Central Bank!)

Gibbons v. Ogden, 1824

• National Supremacy• (National license takes precedent over

state license!)

• Commerce Defined• (Changed the definition of the word

“commerce” to include “transportation”)

Plessy v. Ferguson, 1896

• Separate,

But Equal!

Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas, 1954

• Overturned Plessy v. Ferguson, 1896

• Desegregated the Public Schools

Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenburg Board of Education, 1969

• Allowed forced busing and other state required measures to desegregate the public schools

Korematsu v. United States, 1944

• Japanese Internment camps during World War II were constitutional

• Executive Order 9066 was legal

Heart of Atlanta Motel, Inc. v. United States, 1964

• Desegregated public places of accommodation

• Civil Rights Act of 1964 was legal

Furman v. Georgia, 1972

• Death Penalty was unconstitutional

• Death Penalty was cruel and unusual punishment

Gregg v. Georgia, 1976

• Death Penalty is Constitutional with certain conditions

• Trial and Sentencing must occur separately

Gideon v. Wainwright, 1963

• You have a right to an attorney whether you can afford one or not!

Regents of the University of California v. Bakke, 1978

• Affirmative Action• Reverse Discrimination• Race can be used as criterion

in admissions decisions in institutions of higher education

New Jersey v. T.L.O., 1985

• Police must have Probable Cause to search

• Teachers only need Reasonable Suspicion to search

Bethel School District v. Frasier, 1986

• Principals can censor and prohibit the use of vulgar, lewd, and offensive speech

Tinker v. Des Moines, 1969

• Silent protest in schools is okay as long as it does not interfere with the learning environment

• Arm Bands / Vietnam War

Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier, 1988

• Principals can edit school publications (school newspapers)

• “reasonably related to legitimate pedagogical concerns”

Texas v. Johnson, 1989

• Flag Burning is legal!

Engel v. Vitale, 1962

• State ordained school prayer is illegal!

Miranda v. Arizona, 1966

• You have the right to know and to be informed of your rights!

• Due Process

Mapp v. Ohio, 1961

• Exclusionary Rule for illegally obtained evidence at all levels of government

• Police must have search warrant

In Re Gault, 1967

• Juveniles tried for crimes in delinquency proceedings should have the right of due process protected by the 14th Amendment. • The right to timely notification of charges

• The right to confront witnesses

• The right against self-incrimination

• The right to counsel

State Supreme

Court Cases

State v. Mann, 1830

• Slave owner can do whatever is necessary to keep the slaves under control

• The judge said, “The Power of the master must be absolute, to render the submission of the slave perfect.”

The Leandro Case

• At a minimum (A) every classroom must have a competent, certified well-trained teacher, (B) every school be led by a well-trained Principal and (C) every school be provided the resources necessary to support the effective instructional program. 

• Required Pre-K Programs for At-Risk children