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SUPPORTINGSLIDES
Rigid and Flexible Assumption
Quick Release Mechanism
Load CellZero load250 lb500 lbFull load
Load cell connection
Lvdt and Dial gage
Cable and load cell
Typical LVDT Record
Typical Accelerometer Record
New Mix: G1 Series
New Mix: G2 Series
More cylinders: EC,ASTM32
CompressometerCompressometer: ELE InternationalDial gage: Federal: Model C2I (0.0001 in)Machine: Forney Model F-60C-DFM/1 Year 1999
Stresses in Free Vibration Test
Stresses in Free-Vibration Tests
Idealized Stress vs Strain
for Ec= 3800 ksiExterior FramesInterior Frames0.850.92D Frame Analysis
3D Model with Ec= 5000 ksi
Assumption details f and k for Ec= 3800 ksiError= 15-25%Error= 20-40%
AssumptionTesting DirectionkN-S (kips/in)kE-W(kips/in)Thin Plate5150Thick Plate6461
Assumption detailsf and k for Ec 50% LargerError= 3-7%Error= 4-18%
AssumptionTesting DirectionkN-S (kips/in)kE-W(kips/in)Thin Plate7775Thick Plate9692
Stresses in the pluck-testTotal Weight: 440 kipsStresses at the the columns: 440/(6*18*18)=225 psiStresses due to lateral load (2 kips): 40 psiTotal stresses: 265 psiStress/fc 0.06 (1/15)
Mass CalculationPlain Concrete: 142 lb/ft3MATERIALSSteel: 490 lb/ft3COLUMNSPLATES
SAP2000 Thin Plate Vs. Thick PlateEven for thin-plate bending problems where shearing deformations are truly negligible, the thick-plate formulation tends to be more accurate, although somewhat stiffer, than the thin-plate formulation. However, the accuracy of the thick-plate formulation is more sensitive to large aspect ratios and mesh distortion than is the thin-plate formulation.Shearing deformations tend to be important when the thickness is greater than about one-tenth to one-fifth of the span. They can also be quite significant in the vicinity of bending-stress concentrations, such as near sudden changes in thickness or support conditions, and near holes or re-entrant corners.It is generally recommended that you use the thick-plate formulation unless you are using a distorted mesh and you know that shearing deformations will be small, or unless you are trying to match a theoretical thin-plate solution.SAP2000 Analysis Reference
Cracks on the building
UCLA Flat-Plate Structure
UCLA Flat-Plate Structure9%23%8%20%
Modified Compressometer