This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme, Call H2020-SC5-2016-2017 Greening the economy, under grant agreement No 730338.

Summer School

NBS Classification

Nikolaos P. Nikolaidis

Technical

University

Of Crete

Facing Societal Grand Challenges

Climate change

Energy Increased demand 50% by 2030 (IEA)

Food Increased demand 50% by 2030 (FAO)

Water Increased demand

30% by 2030 (IFPRI)

Food – Water – Energy Nexus

Nature Based Solutions Living solutions inspired and supported by nature that simultaneously provide environmental, social and economic benefits and help to build resilience Solutions that bring more nature and natural features and processes into cities, landscapes and seascapes, through locally adapted, resource-efficient and systemic interventions However, the uptake by cities, scientists, managers etc. is lagging

Solutions inspired by NATURE – The Grand Engineer Green Infrastructure Benefits

(Sustainable Cities Collective – Pinterest image collection)

Degree of Intervention/ Level of Engineering (A1)

Ecosystem Services Provided (A4)

NBS Challenge (A3)

NBS Approach (A2)

NBS type

NBS category

NBS Classification - Typology

NBS Classification - Typology

Eggermont et al., 2015. GAIA 24/4 (2015): 243 – 248

Classification according to degree of intervention/level and type of engineering

TYPE 1 - no or minimal intervention in ecosystems - the objective of the action is to maintain or boost the effects of certain Ecosystem Services in already existing natural or weakly managed ecosystems. This type of NBS promotes better use of natural/protected ecosystems, implying the delivery of multiple ecosystem services to multiple stakeholder groups. TYPE 2 - NBS for sustainability and multi-functionality of managed ecosystems - Effective management towards the sustainability and multifunctionality of ecosystems and landscapes so as to support selected Ecosystem Services. This type of NBS implies an increased provision of fewer ecosystem services to fewer stakeholder groups. TYPE 3 - Design and management of new ecosystems - A more transformational “intrusive” approach that is often connected to the creation of new ecosystems. Restoration of degraded ecosystems falls under this type. This type of NBS includes the design and management of new ecosystems, seeking to maximize the delivery of key ecosystem services for key stakeholder groups.

TYPE 1 - no or minimal intervention in ecosystems - better use of natural/ protected ecosystems

•Protection and Conservation Strategies •Urban Planning Strategies •Monitoring •Coastal areas

TYPE 2 - NBS for sustainability and multi-functionality of managed ecosystems

•Urban Green Spaces Management •Waste Management

TYPE 3 - Design and management of new ecosystems

•Ground •Parks and gardens •Urban network structures •Structures for food and resources production •Ecological restoration •Choices of plants •Systems for erosion control •Works on soil

•Building and Structures •Green roofs •Green Walls •Vegetated Pergola •Materials

Based on the degree of intervention/level and type of engineering

NBS Classification – 100 NBS

TYPE 3 - Design and management of new ecosystems

•Water •Natural and semi-natural water bodies and hydrographic networks •Constructed wetlands and built structures for water management •Urban Blue infrastructure •Coastal areas

NBS challenge to be solved/SDGs:

o Climate mitigation and adaptation

o Water management

o Coastal resilience

o Green space management

o Air Quality

o Urban regeneration

o Participatory planning and governance

o Social justice and social cohesion

o Public health and well-being

o Potential of economic opportunities and green jobs

NBS approach:

o Climate adaptation approaches

o Community based adaptation

o Ecosystem based adaptation

o Ecosystem based management

o Ecosystem based mitigation

o Ecosystem based disaster risk reduction

o Ecological engineering

o Ecological restoration

o Infrastructure related approaches

o Natural resources management

o Sustainable agriculture/agro-forestry/aquaculture

List of NBS approaches (A2) and challenges to be solved (A3)

Cultural

o Recreation

o Intellectual & aesthetic

appreciation

o Spiritual & symbolic

appreciation

Provisioning services

o Fisheries & aquaculture

o Water for drinking

o Raw (biotic) materials

o Water for non-drinking

purposes

o Raw materials for

energy

Regulation & Maintenance

o Carbon sequestration

o Local climate regulation

o Water purification

o Air quality regulation

o Erosion prevention

o Flood protection

o Maintaining populations &

habitats

o Soil formation and composition

o Pest and disease control

List of Ecosystem Services (A4)

The case study portfolio currently consists of 122 case

studies. These case studies have been contributed by:

● 16 case studies by DG- RTD ● 19 case studies by past FP7 projects ● 31 case studies by the Demo projects ● 56 case studies collected by ThinkNature

A total of 109 NBS types have been identified (8 TYPE 1,

35 TYPE 2 and 66 TYPE 3).

ThinkNature Case Study Portfolio

ThinkNature Case Study Portfolio

ThinkNature Case Study Portfolio

1. Develop the EU-wide evidence base regarding the benefits, cost-effectiveness and economic viability of NBS,

•Common Knowledge repository and data management

2. Establish a European reference framework for NBS

•Common Evaluation Framework - indicators 3. Build a NBS and Innovative Community of Practice – The ThinkNature stakeholder engagement and knowledge hub Platform 4. Create a global market

•Establish new business and governance models – the business case of NBS

EU Vision and Actions

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