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Summer ‘08 Water Summer ‘08 Water WorkshopsWorkshops
Wonderful WaterWonderful WaterWhy is water so special?Why is water so special?
Lynne M. BaileyLynne M. BaileyCSD 9 Title IIB STEM GrantCSD 9 Title IIB STEM Grant
[email protected]@nyit.edu
Agenda Agenda • PaperworkPaperwork• IntroductionIntroduction
ProtocolsProtocols Online learning Online learning
style quizstyle quiz ObjectivesObjectives Pre-testPre-test
• Hydrology 101Hydrology 101
• ActivitiesActivities Water DropletWater Droplet Water OlympicsWater Olympics Hanging TogetherHanging Together Virtual LabsVirtual Labs Sinking WaterSinking Water Exploring online Exploring online
activities and activities and resourcesresources
Post-testPost-test Reflection on Reflection on
classroom applicationclassroom application
• Share-out Share-out
IntroductionsIntroductions• Paperwork done?Paperwork done?• How do you learn? How do you learn?
http://www.educationplanner.com/http://www.educationplanner.com/ Earthquake preparedness quiz online atEarthquake preparedness quiz online at
http://www.tvfr.com/http://www.tvfr.com/ click on “April is click on “April is Earthquake Awareness Month” and click Earthquake Awareness Month” and click on quizon quiz
• Protocols – leave no tracks!Protocols – leave no tracks!• Expectations?Expectations?
Water WorldWater World
The good, the bad and the The good, the bad and the ugly...ugly...
Lake Mead Marina, NevadaLake Mead Marina, Nevada
Bellagio Hotel Las Vegas, Bellagio Hotel Las Vegas, NevadaNevada
http://www.metacafe.com/watch/754847/fountains_of_bellagio_amazing_water_show
Essential QuestionsEssential Questions
• What makes water so special?What makes water so special?
• How can we build curriculum around How can we build curriculum around water?water? NYS Science Standards /NYC Scope & NYS Science Standards /NYC Scope &
SequenceSequence
Hydrology 101Hydrology 101• ‘‘The scientific The scientific
study of the study of the properties, properties, distribution, use, distribution, use, and circulation of and circulation of the water on Earth the water on Earth and in the and in the atmosphere in all atmosphere in all of its forms”of its forms”
• Connects to Connects to everything!everything!
• ‘‘Water moves Water moves through living and through living and nonliving systems nonliving systems and binds them and binds them together in a together in a complex web of life’ complex web of life’
But where did all this But where did all this water come from?water come from?
Let’s go the video…..Let’s go the video…..
How the Earth Was MadeHow the Earth Was Made
Water CycleWater CycleSing to the Sing to the tunetune of of She'll Be Coming Around She'll Be Coming Around
the Mountainthe Mountain• Water travels in a cycle, yes it does Water travels in a cycle, yes it does
(use pointer finger to make a big circle)(use pointer finger to make a big circle) • Water travels in a cycle, yes it doesWater travels in a cycle, yes it does
(repeat finger circle)(repeat finger circle) • It goes up as evaporationIt goes up as evaporation
(moves hands up to the sky(moves hands up to the sky • Forms clouds as condensationForms clouds as condensation
(make a cloud overhead with arms)(make a cloud overhead with arms) • Then comes down as precipitation, yes it Then comes down as precipitation, yes it
does!does!(sprinkle with fingers while bringing arms down in front of you)(sprinkle with fingers while bringing arms down in front of you)
Ground WaterGround Water
Water OlympicsWater Olympics
Exploring Water’s PropertiesExploring Water’s Propertieswith Hands-on Experimentswith Hands-on Experiments
ExperimentsExperiments
• Set up 5 stationsSet up 5 stations
• Work in groups of 2-3Work in groups of 2-3
• Use worksheetUse worksheet
• Read article if wait time (see today’s Read article if wait time (see today’s links)links)
• Enter data in spreadsheet Enter data in spreadsheet
It’s Special Because …It’s Special Because …• It’s stableIt’s stable• Dissolves almost anything Dissolves almost anything
Universal solventUniversal solvent• Slow to react to temperature changeSlow to react to temperature change• Liquid state in large temperature rangeLiquid state in large temperature range• Less dense as it freezes Less dense as it freezes
Ice 9% less dense than waterIce 9% less dense than water• Seawater qualitiesSeawater qualities
Lower freezing point and raises boiling point Lower freezing point and raises boiling point (or heat capacity(or heat capacity
Denser, heavier – contains more dissolved Denser, heavier – contains more dissolved particlesparticles
Slows light and sound wavesSlows light and sound waves
Chemical Properties of Chemical Properties of WaterWater• Density Density
• CohesionCohesion
• AdhesionAdhesion
• Surface tensionSurface tension
• States of matterStates of matter
Wrap up Day 1Wrap up Day 1
Share-out & ReflectionsShare-out & Reflections
Water, Water EverywhereWater, Water Everywhere
… … but is there enough to but is there enough to drink?drink?
How It MovesHow It Moves
• Day in the life of a drop of water: Day in the life of a drop of water: Water Cycle in NYC circa 2008Water Cycle in NYC circa 2008
• How different than 1609How different than 1609 ConfinedConfined Less permeable surfacesLess permeable surfaces
Where Does It Come Where Does It Come From?From?
Handful of MacaroniHandful of Macaroni
How Much Water Did You How Much Water Did You Get?Get?
OceanFresh
Surface Polar Ice Ground
Group 1
Group 2
Group 3
Group 4
Group 5
Water Water DistributionDistribution• 100 times more 100 times more
water in the water in the ground than all ground than all the word’s the word’s rivers and lakesrivers and lakes
• Some estimate Some estimate that rocks hold that rocks hold as much water as much water as the oceansas the oceans
Volume(1000 km3)
Percent of Total Water
Percent of Fresh
Water
Oceans, Seas, & Bays 1,338,000 96.5 -
Ice caps, Glaciers, & Permanent Snow
24,064 1.74 68.7
Groundwater 23,400 1.7 -
Fresh (10,530) (0.76) 30.1
Saline (12,870) (0.94) -
Soil Moisture 16.5 0.001 0.05
Ground Ice & Permafrost
300 0.022 0.86
Lakes 176.4 0.013 -
Fresh (91.0) (0.007) .26
Saline (85.4) (0.006) -
Atmosphere12.9 0.001 0.04
Swamp Water 11.47 0.0008 0.03
Rivers 2.12 0.0002 0.006
Biological Water 1.12 0.0001 0.003
Total 1,385,984 100.0 100.0
Source: Gleick, P. H., 1996: Water resources. In Encyclopedia of Climate and Weather, ed. by S. H. Schneider, Oxford University Press, New York, vol. 2, pp.817-823.
Source: http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Library/Water/water.html
Ground Water Ground Water • 3% of all Earth's water is freshwater3% of all Earth's water is freshwater
Most of that, about 69 %, is locked up in glaciers Most of that, about 69 %, is locked up in glaciers and icecaps, mainly in Greenland and Antarctica. and icecaps, mainly in Greenland and Antarctica.
• Of remaining freshwater, almost all of it is Of remaining freshwater, almost all of it is below your feet, as below your feet, as ground waterground water
• No matter where on Earth you are standing, No matter where on Earth you are standing, most likely, at some depth the ground below most likely, at some depth the ground below you is saturated with water you is saturated with water
• Only 0.3 percent contained in rivers and lakesOnly 0.3 percent contained in rivers and lakes the water we are most familiar withthe water we are most familiar with most of the water we use in our everyday lives most of the water we use in our everyday lives
exists exists
• Purple: Ground saturated below the water tablePurple: Ground saturated below the water table Water fills the tiny spaces (pores) between rock Water fills the tiny spaces (pores) between rock
particles and the cracks (fractures) of the rocks. particles and the cracks (fractures) of the rocks.
• Pink: Ground above the water table may be wet Pink: Ground above the water table may be wet to a certain degree, but it does not stay to a certain degree, but it does not stay saturatedsaturated Dirt and rock in Dirt and rock in
this unsaturated this unsaturated zone contains air and zone contains air and some water some water
supportssupportssurface vegetationsurface vegetation
Aquifers in GroundAquifers in Ground• Permeable or Impermeable material Permeable or Impermeable material
Interconnected cracks or spaces numerous enough Interconnected cracks or spaces numerous enough and large enough to allow water to move freelyand large enough to allow water to move freely
May move several meters in a day; in other places, May move several meters in a day; in other places, it moves only a few centimeters in a centuryit moves only a few centimeters in a century
Groundwater moves very slowly through relatively Groundwater moves very slowly through relatively impermeable materials such as clay and shale.impermeable materials such as clay and shale.
• Two types of aquifers Two types of aquifers Porous media: water flows freely; sand, gravel;Porous media: water flows freely; sand, gravel; Fractured aquifers: moves through cracks in rock Fractured aquifers: moves through cracks in rock
• Confined or Artesian aquifersConfined or Artesian aquifers Layer of ground water trapped between Layer of ground water trapped between
impermeable materialsimpermeable materials Accessible by Artesian wellsAccessible by Artesian wells
Soil and GroundwaterSoil and Groundwater
Watersheds & WetlandsWatersheds & Wetlands
• Why are they Why are they importantimportant?? http://www.ec.gc.ca/water/http://www.ec.gc.ca/water/
• Find local watershedsFind local watersheds http://cfpub.epa.gov/surf/locate/http://cfpub.epa.gov/surf/locate/
index.cfm index.cfm
• Watershed gameWatershed game http://www.bellmuseum.org/http://www.bellmuseum.org/
ecogames.html ecogames.html
The Bad and The UglyThe Bad and The Ugly
Water ProblemsWater Problems
Can You Find OutCan You Find Out
• How much water is How much water is polluted?polluted?
• What areas are in a state What areas are in a state of drought?of drought?
• How has diverted water How has diverted water caused problems?caused problems? Aral SeaAral Sea
• USGS storyUSGS story • Lesson plan Lesson plan
• ““The future is The future is … plastics” … plastics” The GraduateThe Graduate
Detecting PollutionDetecting Pollution
How Much Water Do You How Much Water Do You Use?Use?
www.WaterFootprint.org www.WaterFootprint.org
Exploring ResourcesExploring Resources• Web page at wikipsaces.comWeb page at wikipsaces.com
Technoed.wikispaces.comTechnoed.wikispaces.com (may be moved) (may be moved)
• What can you use in your classroom?What can you use in your classroom?
• Down the Drain Project Down the Drain Project http://k12science.org/curriculum/drainproj/http://k12science.org/curriculum/drainproj/
index.html index.html
• How can you apply this science thread in your How can you apply this science thread in your subject area?subject area? Social studies, ELA, math offer multiple Social studies, ELA, math offer multiple
connections connections
Online VideosOnline Videos
• Power Media PlusPower Media Plus www.powermediaplus.comwww.powermediaplus.com
• Teacher TubeTeacher Tube www.teachertube.com www.teachertube.com
• Teacher’s DomainTeacher’s Domain www.teachersdomain.org www.teachersdomain.org
Reflection and Share -outReflection and Share -out
• Written reflection or class activity Written reflection or class activity
oror
• Add a comment to the blogAdd a comment to the bloghttp://bronxdip.edublogs.orghttp://bronxdip.edublogs.org
ClosingClosing
• QuestionsQuestions
• EvaluationsEvaluations
• Check the Check the blogblog for these and more for these and more resources resources
Thanks for Coming!Thanks for Coming!
Lynne M. BaileyLynne M. BaileySTEM TrainerSTEM Trainer
[email protected]@yahoom.com
Online for StudentsOnline for Students• For early gradesFor early grades
http://www.elytradesign.com/ali/index.hthttp://www.elytradesign.com/ali/index.htmm created an 8th Grade science project created an 8th Grade science project about water’s states of matterabout water’s states of matter
What's the Big Idea article and images What's the Big Idea article and images at AMNH at AMNH http://www.amnh.org/education/resourchttp://www.amnh.org/education/resources/exhibitions/water/edresources.php#es/exhibitions/water/edresources.php#
• For secondary gradesFor secondary grades Virtual Labs from GlencoeVirtual Labs from Glencoe
