Summary WG3

Summary WG3

April 21, 2023

Summary, WG3, NuFact 11, Geneva

NuFact’11

Elena Wildner, Makoto Yoshida and Alex BogaczElena Wildner, Alex Bogacz and Makoto Yoshida

2011-08-012 NuFact'11, E. Wildner, A. Bogacz, M. Yoshida

NuFact’10 NuFact’11

2

1) Is Project X a suitable proton driver for the Neutrino Factory?Yes it is; A complete scheme emerged including stripping injection 2) What is the path for solving the problem of operating high gradient RF is strong magnetic field?Ongoing, vigorous experimental program under way at MuCool and MTA at Fermi at LBNL (first experimental tests coming out) 3) Does energy deposition pose SC solenoid shielding problem for presently proposed proton drivers? Challenging problem, robust engineering solution being worked out. 4) Do we have a working Injection/Extraction scheme for NS-FFAG Rings?Working concept under study, specific components being modeled and optimized. 5) Is chromaticity correction sufficient to reduce the TOF problem for NS-FFAG?EMMA demonstrated device feasibility. Conceptual solution is being studied

2011-08-013

NuFact'11, E. Wildner, A. Bogacz, M. Yoshida

3

6) Can Scaling FFAG be used in other-then-ring configurations?Complete prototype lattices designed for new applications e.g. prototype decay ring for VLENF 7) Is there a synergetic path from the Neutrino Factory to MC?A clear path emerged and being developed within MAP. Usage of components and techniques developed for NF-IDS. 8) Target handling for Multi MW targets ?1 MW target handeling needs to be addressed 9) Proposed target systems are many, convergence?Multiple designs required; different requirements for various applications 10) Material property evolution with time (from radiation, strain & stress and temperature)?Appropriate material studies under way.


2011-08-014


4

11) Will the Beta Beam be possible in the CERN Complex?Yes, the baseline beta beam is possible to implement

12) Verification of the 18Ne production for beta beams?Tested experimentally. 13) Modeling of pion production complete?Agreement between two models/codes (MARS and FLUKA) consistent within 10-20% with the HARP data 14) How serious is power deposition in the structures after/around the target (horn, solenoids…)? Quite significant. They are modelled accurately; adequate shielding provided

15) Feasibility of mini-neutrino factory (low energy/intensity storage ring for short baseline measurement of cross-sections)VLENF conceptual design with large acceptance decay ring, Scaling FFAG option



EUROnu

5

Objective:Compare

SuperBeamBeta BeamNeutrino Factory

Performance/CostCERN Stategy Group will get ResultTake Decision?


Nufact (workshop)

6

Objective:Work on and discuss

Neutrino physics &

Facilities

This year: Panel Discussion with “management”

Result: we got back a number of questions from panel…Answers from Acc. Phys., see later


Super Beam

7


Super Beam

8


Super Beam

9


Beta Beam

10

EUROnu physics

T2K & Minos :Theta13 large!!!


Neutrino Factory

12

Studied in EUROnu (Europe) and IDS (International)

IDS Report is out

Proton driver:• Challenges:

– High power; short proton-bunch lengthat ~10 GeV

• IDS-NF approach:– Consider two

‘generic’ options:• LINAC:

– Possible development option for SPL (CERN) or Project-X (FNAL)

– Requires accumulator &compressor rings

• Rings:– Development option for J-PARC or RAL or possible ‘green-field’ option– Requires bunch compression

IPAC10: THPD074,MOPEC049,

WEPE098

Garoby, Gollwitzer, Thomason

16

Neutrino Factory Front End

23 bunches

0m

Drift - 80m

Bunch-110m

Rotate-155m

Cool-240m

700 MeV/c

0 MeV/c-30m 30m

v

Drift from target ~80m Beam lengthens

Buncher (~33m) N=10 P0=233MeV/c, PN=154MeV/c

330 → 235 MHz V’= 0→9 MV/m

Rotator (~42m) N=10.05 –

• accelerate/decelerate bunches 235 → 202 MHz,V’= 12 MV/m

Cooler (~80m) 201.25 MHz, ASOL lattice 15MV/m in rf cavities LiH or H2 cooling

Captures both μ+ and μ-

ii 0

1 1(ct ) L

0

0

1 1Nrf

N

ct L(L)

N N

Δ=10λrf

Δ=10.05λrf

The Proposed Lay-out

NuFact'11 Workshop, 1 August 2011

Rende Steerenberg, CERN Switzerland 17

• Re-use the old TT7 tunnel and cavern to house primary beam line and target station

• Proton beam to be provide by CERN PS 150t liquid argon TPC near detector in or near building 181 600t liquid argon TPC far detector in building 191

Near detector

Far detector

ACCE

LERA

TORS

FO

R TH

E PS

NEU

TRIN

O B

EAM

Experimental Requirements• Request: 2.5x1020 protons over 2 years

– Based on neutrino production yield of 1980’s• Proton beam momentum ~ 20 GeV/c

– Secondary νμ and νμ beam with Eν ≤ 2 GeV

• The challenge lies in:– producing this extra amount of protons from the

CERN PS– designing the optimum and reliable target and

focussing system– Respect radiation limits for this surface facility



ACCE

LERA

TORS

FO

R TH

E PS

NEU

TRIN

O B

EAM






21 21

8) Target handling for Multi MW targets ?Multi MW targets feasible; two robust designs exist (NF, LBNE)Example for Frejus Superbeam:


22 22

8) Target handling for Multi MW targets ?Multi MW targets feasible; two robust designs exist (NF, LBNE)

C. Densham

Question will remain till Nufact 12

ss


23 23

9) Proposed target systems are many, convergence?Yes, but multiple designs required; different requirements for various applications

Target options for NF:Hg -jet target is the baseline but energy deposition in the magnet is too-high, magnet shielding need to be improved (under re-design).

Metal-powder target and solid W bars (that can be exchanged between beam pulses) are studied as mitigation options in case the Hg-jet option energy deposition issue turn to be to difficult to solve.

Aim of the feasibility study is to push the Hg-jet option to a realistic design and define if the options under study are a realistic replacement option of the Hg-jet.


24

9) Proposed target systems are many, convergence?Multiple designs required; different requirements for various applications

Superbeam to Frejus


25

10) Material property evolution with time (from radiation, strain & stress and temperature)?Appropriate material studies under way.

C. Densham

3) Does energy deposition pose SC solenoid shielding problem for presently proposed proton drivers? Challenging problem, robust engineering solution being worked out.

Degradation of superconductor, insulator, thermal conductor, structure etc by irradiation some hints from COMET, ITER

Increase inner shielding 3GJ stored energyFeasibility ?

Low-Z less neutrons

Alternate target option with Low-Z?C, Densham

13) Modeling of pion production complete?

Agreement between two models/codes (MARS and FLUKA) consistent within 10-20% with the HARP data

Recent updates from NA61 (talks in WG2).

14) How serious is power deposition in the structures after/around the target (horn, solenoids…)? Quite significant. They are modelled accurately; adequate shielding provided

molassemolasse

concreteconcrete

ACTIVITY density in Bq/cmACTIVITY density in Bq/cm33 packed Ti target, 65%dTi

4MW beam, 4horns, 200days of irradiation

4MW Superbeam Horns

4MW NF SolenoidsStill >1MGy/year at downstream

need investigation on downstream materials

K. McDonald

N. Vassilopoulos


29 29

11) Will the Beta Beam be possible in the CERN Complex? Yes, the baseline beta beam is possible to implement

Existing machines: PS E. Benedetto

Existing machines: SPS still needs studies, Less constrained SF helps


30 30


Decay Ring optimization good with higher SF, solutions exist for small theta13


31 31


Efficiencies and beam parameters on the way

T. Lamy

ECR Source


32 32


Solutions for theta 13 smaller exsist


33 33


Ion Production

6He ok, operation feasable 18 Ne under test

T. Stora


34

12) Verification of the 18Ne production for beta beams?Tested experimentally

18Ne Production was a serious show stopper

18 Ne under test

2011-08-01NuFact'11, E. Wildner, A. Bogacz, M. Yoshida35 35

1) Is Project X a suitable proton driver for the Neutrino Factory?Yes it is; A complete scheme emerged including stripping injection

R. Garoby


1) Is Project X a suitable proton driver for the Neutrino Factory?Yes it is; A complete scheme emerged including stripping injection


2) What is the path for solving the problem of operating high gradient RF is strong magnetic field?Ongoing, vigorous experimental program under way at MuCool and MTA at Fermi (first experimental tests coming out)





4) Do we have a working Injection/Extraction scheme for NS-FFAG Rings?Working concept under study, specific component being modeled and optimized.


4) Do we have a working Injection/Extraction scheme for NS-FFAG Rings?Working concept under study, specific component being modeled and optimized.


5) Is chromaticity correction sufficient to reduce the TOF problem for NS-FFAG?EMMA demonstrated device feasibility. Conceptual solution is being studied

Shinji Machida


Shinji Machida


5) Is chromaticity correction sufficient to reduce the TOF problem for NS-FFAG?EMMA demonstrated device feasibility. Conceptual solution is being studied


46 46

6) Can Scaling FFAG be used in other-then-ring configurations?Complete prototype lattices designed for new applications e.g. prototype decay ring for VLENF


47 47



48 48



49 49

7) Is there a synergetic path from the Neutrino Factory to MC?A clear path emerged and being developed within MAP. Usage of components and techniques developed for NF-IDS.

50NuFact'11, E. Wildner, A. Bogacz, M.

Yoshida50

1) What combination of proton beam energy and bunch length is the best compromise for integrated muon beam intensity?

2) Important to update the acceleration system of the beta beams from the source to the decay Ring

3) The PS (space charge, instabilities)

4) The SPS (instabilities and RF)

5) Impact of possible high 13 on the neutrino facilities, design parameters

6) Operating high gradient normal conducting RF rf cavities in strong magnetic field; gradient degradation, effects of intense ionizing radiation traversing gas?Ongoing, vigorous experimental program under way at LBNL and MTA at Fermi (first experimental tests coming out)

NufacF’11 NuFact’12 (new)


Yoshida51

7) Does energy deposition pose SC solenoid shielding problem for presently proposed proton drivers?Challenging problem, robust engineering solution being worked out.

8) Do we have a working Injection/Extraction scheme for NS-FFAG Rings?Working concept under study, specific component being modeled and optimized. 9) Is chromaticity correction sufficient to reduce the TOF problem for NS-FFAG?EMMA demonstrated device feasibility. Conceptual solution is being studied

10) Target handling for Multi MW targets ?1 MW target handeling needs to be addressed

11) Material property evolution with time (from radiation, strain & stress and temperature)?Appropriate material studies under way.



Yoshida52

12) Modeling of pion production complete?Agreement between two models/codes (MARS and FLUKA) consistent within 10-20% with the HARP data

13) How serious is power deposition in the structures after/around the target (horn, solenoids…)? Quite significant. They are modelled accurately; adequate shielding provided



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Summary WG3