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8/10/2019 Summarizing Plpoint
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Summarizing
Using Your Own Words
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Summarizing
Why do it?Comprehension: To reduce information to essential ideas in
order to:
Understand and learn important information
Communication: To reduce information to essential ideas in
order to: Expand the breadth or depth of your writing
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The Process
Using the MIDAS Touch!
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M Main idea:Identify main idea from TOPIC SENTENCE (ifthere is one) or use BASIC SIGNAL WORDS
I Identify SUPPORTING DETAILSD Disregard unimportant informationA Analyze redundant information
S Simplify, categorize, and label importantinformation
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Establishing a focus
The main idea is the most importantinformation or concept in a text orstatement.
Sometimes the main idea is explicit;sometimes it is implied.
Not all information is equal: some of
it clearly is more important than therest.Templeton, 1997
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Using basic signal words
WHO?(subject)
WHAT?
(action)
WHERE?
(location)
WHEN?
(time)
WHY?
(reason)
HOW?
(process)
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Main Idea
SupportingDetail
SupportingDetail
SupportingDetail
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Topic Sentences
The TOPIC SENTENCE is usually the firstsentence of the paragraph. It gives thereader an idea of what the paragraph is
going to be about.
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Topic Sentences cont. However, the TOPIC SENTENCE may
not always be so clearly stated, and it
can come in the middle or end of aparagraph, not just its beginning.
Regardless, all TOPIC SENTENCES
are supported by sentences that givedetails to develop the MAIN IDEA.
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SummarizingLets practice
One paragraph at a time
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Example paragraphsA tornado is a powerful, twisting
windstorm. It begins high in the air,among the winds of a giant storm cloud.People who have watched a tornados
howling winds reach down from the skyhave said its the most frightening thingthey have ever seen. In some parts ofthe United States, these windstorms arecalled twisters or cyclones.
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Main idea and supporting details
Tornado ispowerful, twisting
windstorm
Part of giantstorm cloud Frightening
Also called
twisteror cyclone
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Sentence Summary
Tornadoes are frightening,powerful, twisting windstormssometimes called twisters or
cyclones that start in giantstorm clouds.
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Tornadoes contTornadoes are not the only whirlingwindstorms that move through the
earths air. Dust devils, hurricanesand typhoons all have twisting winds.But these windstorms differ fromtornadoes in important ways.
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Main idea and supportingdetails
Dust devils, hurricanes,and typhoons have
twisting winds
Whirling windstorms Differ from tornadoes
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Sentence Summary
Dust devils, hurricanes and
typhoons also have twistingwinds, but they are differentfrom tornadoes.
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Tornadoes cont
Dust devils are the weakest of the swirlingwindstorms. Their winds usually spinbetween 12 and 30 miles per hour. Mostdust devils are less than five feet across,and few last more than a minute or two.They are often seen in the desert underclear skies. Dust devils form near ground
when certain kinds of winds make hot,rising air start to spin.
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Main idea and supporting details
Dust devils areweakest of
swirling windstorms
Less than 30 mph Five ft. across Last minute or two
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Sentence summary
Compared to other wind storms, dustdevils are the weakest and least
severe.
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Hurricanes and typhoons are the largest of theswirling windstorms. The winds of these
storms blow about 75 to 150 miles per hour.They form over warm, tropical oceans andcause heavy rains as well as strong winds.When a tropical storm like this begins over
the Atlantic Ocean or the eastern PacificOcean, it is called a hurricane. The same kindof storm in the western Pacific Ocean orIndian Ocean is called a typhoon. Hurricanesand typhoons may be several hundred mileswide, travel thousands of miles and last fordays.
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Main idea and supporting details
Hurricanes andtyphoons are largest
Winds of 75-150 mph
Several hundred
miles wide
Travel thousands of
miles, last for days
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Sentence Summary
In contrast, hurricanes and typhoons
are the largest windstorms sincethey may be hundreds of miles wide,travel very fast for thousands of
miles and can last for days.
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Tornadoes are not as large ashurricanes and typhoons and theydont travel as far. In fact, manytornadoes last only a few minutes.But the spinning winds of a tornadocan rip through the air at up to 300miles per hour. The winds of a large
tornado are the fastest, mostdangerous winds on earth.
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Main idea and supportingdetails
Winds of largetornado are
fastest, most dangerous
winds on earth
Last few minutes 300 mph
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Sentence SummaryThe bottom line is this:
although they are not as large ashurricanes and typhoons, tornadoesare the fastest, most dangerous
windstorms.
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Summarizing,Paraphrasing, and Quoting
The Writing Connection
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Summarizing, Paraphrasing, andQuoting
You can borrow from the works ofother writers as you research.
As a good writer, you should
summarize, paraphrase and quote toblend source materials in with yourown.
But you should make sure your ownvoice is heard!
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Quotations
Use quotations when: You want to add the power of an authorswords to support your argument
You want to disagree with an authors
argument You would to highlight powerful phrases orpassages
You are comparing and contrasting specificpoints of view
You want to note the important researchthat precedes your own
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ParaphrasingParaphrase when: You plan to use information on your note
cards and wish to avoid plagiarizing
You want to avoid overusing quotations
You want to use your own voice to presentinformation
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SummarizingSummarize when: You want to establish background or offer
an overview of a topic
You want to describe common knowledge(from several sources) about a topic
You want to determine the main ideas of a
single source
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ResourcesPurdue Online Writing Lab:http://owl.english.purdue.edu/
Summarizing, Paraphrasing, and Quoting:
http://mciu.org/~spjvweb/sumparquo.htmlEnglish Language Center Study Zone:
http://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/410/reading/index.htm
http://owl.english.purdue.edu/http://mciu.org/~spjvweb/sumparquo.htmlhttp://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/410/reading/index.htmhttp://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/410/reading/index.htmhttp://mciu.org/~spjvweb/sumparquo.htmlhttp://owl.english.purdue.edu/