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8/11/2019 Sulfur Impact on Building
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Material Cycle in
he EnvironmentAdvanced ChemistryWednesday 17 April 2013
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Aim of class:
Understanding the concept ofbiogeochemical cycle in the environment
and the impact towards civil engineering
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What does it consist of?
Define compartments
Define Environment
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What does it consist of?
How does it work?
How does it regulate itself?
Define Environment
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Interaction in the environment:Every material is involved in a cycle inside the different compartments
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Interaction in the environment
Abiotic Compartments:
Atmosphere
HydrosphereLithosphere/Geospher
e
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Interaction in the environment
Biotic Compartments:
Anthrosphere
Ecosphere
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Something is then exchanged within
the different com artments
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Every materialis involved in a cycle inside the different
compartments
What kind of material? (hint: chemistry class)
What is exchanged?
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Abiotic Elements:
Crustal Abundance Source: CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics
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Biotic Elements:
Human bod abundance Source: Wikiipedia
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Exchange of biotic-relevant
element throughtout all the
compartments
Material cycle in the
environment
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What do theyhave in
common?
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Destruction dueto acidity (H+)
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Sulfur cycle in the
environment
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Sulfur vs Acidity
Impact of sulfur for
buildings
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SO2 + OH HSO3
HSO3 + O2 SO3 + HO2
SO3 + H2O
H2SO4
or direct transformation to sulfate ions
SO2 + O2 (dissolved) + H2O2 H+ + SO42-
Impact of sulfate Impact of acidity
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Sulfur vs Acidity
Impact of sulfate
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CaCO3+ H2OCa2+ +
CO32- Ca2+ + SO42-CaSO4
(more soluble)
CaCO3 solubility 0,0013 g/100 mlCaSO4 solubility 0,21 g/100 ml
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Formation of ettringiteSO4
2-+ Ca(OH)2CaSO4.2H2O
(Gypsum) + 2OH-
C3A + H2O + CaSO4.2H2O
C6AS
3H
32(Ettringite)
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Ettringite causes microcracks and
gives access of other pollutants and
oxygen to reinforcement steel2Fe(s) + O2(g)+ 2H2O(l) 2Fe2+ + 4OH-(aq)4Fe2+ + O2+ (4+n) H2O 2Fe2O3.nH2O + 8H
+
f
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Sulfur vs Acidity
Impact of acidity
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CaCO3+ H2OCa2+ +
CO32- Ca2+ + SO42-CaSO4
(more soluble)
CaCO3 solubility 0,0013 g/100 mlCaSO4 solubility 0,21 g/100 ml
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Destruction of Zinc CoatingZn+H20ZnOH +H+ + CO2 + H2O
ZnCO3 (insoluble)
in low pH ZnCO3 becomes soluble
exposing the iron underneath
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Destruction due to acidity (H+)Higher availability of Al and other metals
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28/28The end