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Suicide Prevention Resource CenterResource Center
Bullying and Suicide: Cutting through the Hype g g yp
to Keep Youth SafeElly StoutElly Stout
Prevention Support Program Manager, SPRC
3 May, 20123 May, 20122012 Joint Annual Meeting of
the Safe States Alliance & CDC Core VIPP
U.S. Suicide Death Rates By Year/Age
Source: CDC WISQARS Fatal Injuries Report,1999-2009
What causes suicide?
Main Risk Factors• Prior suicide attempt(s)
Main Protective Factors• Effective mental health care• Prior suicide attempt(s)
• Substance abuse
• Mood disorders
• Effective mental health care
• Connectedness
• Problem‐solving skills• Access to lethal means
g
• Contacts with caregivers
Precipitating Events
Bullying among Youth
Percentage of High School Students Bullied on School PropertyPercentage of High School Students Bullied on School Property –Last 12 Months (2009)
Source: CDC Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance – 2009 (MMWR June 2010)
What are the risk factors for bullying?y g
Bullies• Impulsivity/
Victims• Friendship difficulties• Impulsivity/
aggressiveness• Harsh parenting
• Friendship difficulties• Poor self‐esteem• Quiet, passive manner
• Acceptance of violence
• FamilyS h l i• School Environment
Bullying and Suicide
• Bullies and victims at higher risk for suicide
• Gender differences
• Higher risk in LGBT youthg y
• Long‐term impact on mental healthhealth
What can be done?
Bullying and Suicide Prevention share:• Focus on the School Environment
• Family outreach
• Identification of students in need of help
• Strengthening coping strategies/connectedness
Does the media story matter?
What narratives are vulnerable youth hearing
in the media?in the media?
Changing the Narrative
• Respect media priorities
• Engage the media proactively with positiveEngage the media proactively with positive stories
• Spread good stories• Spread good stories
• Be aware of impact our own efforts may have
ReferencesReferences• CDC, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control. Fatal Injury Data: Web‐based Injury Statistics Query and
Reporting System (WISQARS) [online] (2009). Available from: www.cdc.gov/ncipc/wisqars.
• CDC, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control. Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance – United States, 2009. (2010). 59 (No. SS‐5).CDC. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. June 19, 2009, 58(23): 637‐641.
• CDC, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control. Understanding Bullying. (2011). Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/ViolencePrevention/pdf/Bullying_Factsheet‐a.pdf.
• Hay, C. & Meldrum, R. (2010). Bullying victimization and adolescent self‐harm: Testing hypotheses from general strain theory. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 39(5), 466‐459.
• Kaminski, J., & Fang, X. (2009). Victimization by peers and adolescent suicide in three U.S. samples. Journal of Pediatrics, 155(5), 683–688.
• Kim, Y., & Leventhal, B. (2008). Bullying and suicide: A review. International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health, 20(2), 133–154.
• Wang, J., Iannotti, R., & Nansel, T. (2009). School bullying among adolescents in the United States: Physical, verbal, g, , , , , ( ) y g g y , ,relational, and cyber. Journal of Adolescent Health, 45(4), 368–375.
• Nansel, T., Overpeck, M., Pilla, R., Ruan, W., Simons‐Morton, B., & Scheidt, P. (2001). Bullying behaviors among U.S. youth. Prevalence and association with psychosocial adjustment. Journal of the American Medical Association, 285(16), 2094–2100.
• Arseneault, L., Bowes, L., & Shakoor, S. (2010). Bullying victimization in youths and mental health problems: ‘Much , , , , , ( ) y g y pado about nothing’? Psychological Medicine, 40(5), 717–729.
• Rigby, K. (2003). Consequences of bullying in schools. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 48(9), 583–590.
• SPRC. (2012). Research to Practice Webinar: Bullying and Suicide Prevention. Available at: http://www.sprc.org/training‐institute/r2p‐webinars/bullying‐and‐suicide‐prevention
• SPRC (2011) Suicide and Bullying Issue Brief Available at: http://www sprc org/library resources/items/suicide‐SPRC. (2011). Suicide and Bullying Issue Brief. Available at: http://www.sprc.org/library_resources/items/suicide‐and‐bullying‐issue‐brief
• SPRC & Rodgers, P. (2011). Understanding Risk and Protective Factors for Suicide: A Primer for Preventing Suicide. Suicide Prevention Resource Center, Inc.
