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THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

According to Joiner (as cited by Anestis, Bagge, Tull, and Joiner, 2011), this theory states that individualswith high levels of desire to take their lives away and the capability to do so are more likely to actuallycomplete a suicide act. Joiner (as cited by Van Ordenet.al., 2008) argued that there are three factorsinvolve in suicide: thwarted belongingness, perceived burdensomeness, and the acquired capability to act

upon the suicidal ideation.

Thwarted belongingness pertains to a sense on the part of the individual that he or she has no value, eitherbecause of the belief that no one truly cares or the people who do care can not relate to his or herpredicament. This may be due to lack of connection and communication with other people. The need tobelong is a basic human need and if not met can lead to social isolation , furthering the formation of

suicidal ideations.

Perceived burdensomeness pertains to the feeling of the individual that he or she is only a liability toothers and that their contributions are of no help to others. Other factors that serve to increase suicidal

ideation are depression and hopelessness.

The last factor is the acquired capability of the individual to act on the suicidal thoughts. According toJoiner, for an individual to acquire the capability to do so requires repeated exposure of the painful act. Indoing so, the individual eventually does not feel the pain anymore and the fear of dying also decreases.

Guided by the above concepts, the researchers find the framework sufficient in explaining the problem ofthe study. First year college students would find it difficult to adjust in their new environment. Some may

be able to find ways to cope with the new culture; others may find it difficult to fit in. Some students alsotake quite a time to find social support in their new environment. As the days pass, these students may

lose hope due to lack of social support and may take in negative coping in dealing with their problems. Byfinding out early signs of students who exhibit suicidal ideations, the researchers would be able to discernthe causes or origins of said behaviour. This will also give insight as to what strategies the researchers

may use to lessen this negative behavior. This concept is now the core of the study and will serve as its

framework.

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CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Figure 1.Conceptual framework of the Effect of Stress and Academic Adjustment on the Suicidal

Ideation of First Year College Students

As illustrated in Figure 1, the stress and academic adjustment are all correlates of the suicidal

ideation of the first year college students. The main focus of study is on how these factors affect

the formation of suicidal ideation.

Sources:

Anestis, M.D., Bagge, C.L., Tull, M.T., & Joiner, T.E. (2011).Clarifying the role of emotiondysregulation in the interpersonal-psychological theory of suicidal behavior in an

undergraduate sample. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 45, 603-611.

Van Orden, K.A., Witte, T.K., James, L.M., Castro, Y., Gordon, K.H., Braithwaite, S.R.,Hollar, D.L., Joiner, T.E. (2008). Suicidal Ideation in College Students Varies Across

Semesters: The Meditating Role of Belongingness.Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior,38, 427-435.

Foreign Students Suicidal Ideation

Stress

Academic Adjustment