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Learning English

أقسام الجمل والكلام باللغة الإنجليزية :

SUBJECT + VERB + COMPLEMENT (OBJECT) )

بالفاعل والفعل والمفعول به # عزيزي الطالب ، عليك أن تعلم أن الجملة باللغة الإنجليزية تبدأ

Ahamd plays football.

S+ v +o

يلعب أحمد كرة القدم

ونلاحظ أن الجملة بالعربية تبدأ بالفعل ومن ثم الفاعل

My dad leaves the home نقول : غادر والدي المنزل ،

subject (1 نبدأ الان بشرح الفاعل :

1) Nouns

2) Pronouns

--------- (Nouns)

Singular and plural:

Singular noun:

وهو الاسم الذي يقل عن اثنين :

Boy – girl – table – cat – teacher – Ahmad

وتعامل معاملة المفرد (s)ملاحظة : بعض الاسماء باللغة الانجليزية تنتهي بحرف

(Physics, news, economics, Maths, politics, electronics,)

Plural nouns:

(s)أو (es)وهو الاسم الذي نضيف عليه

Table tables cat cats cup cups box boxes hero heroes …………

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ولكل قاعدة شواذ ، فهناك اسماء باللغة طريقة جمعها تختلف :

Plural Singular

Men Man

women Woman

Feet Foot

Teeth Tooth

Mice Mouse

Deer Deer

Duck Duck

Children Child

Data Datum

People Person

Oxen Ox

Fish Fish

Media Medium

Sheep Sheep

Countable and uncountable:

Countable noun

الاسماء :

المعدودة

الاسماء التي تقبل الجمع

Book – books

Child – children

Uncountable :

هي أسماء لا تقبل الجمع

ومن هذه الاسماء :

( اسماء السياسة الاقتصاد التكرونيات الرياضيات 1

Maths , electronics , economics , politics

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( اللغات : 2

French , Italian , Arabic , Indian

( juice , oil , water , soup , milk )السوائل 3)

( rice , sugar , salt , flour)( كميات الصغيرة 4

( وهناك بعض الاسماء تصنف من أسماء غير معدودة 5

(Information, advice, weather, news, money, luck snow,)

Order these words in the table :

(English , news , boy, sugar, books, information, man, oxen , mice,

foot, coffee, )

Plural Singular

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s or es iesوهناك أسماء باللغة الانحليزية طريقة جمعها تختلف )اي ليست بأضافة

Leaf ……. Leaves

Knife ….... knives

Wife ……wives

Analysis ……analyses

Crisis ……….crises

Write the plural noun.

Army

Navy

Friday

Party

City

Monkey

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2) Pronouns

singular pronounsضمائر المفرد وهي :

. He : Ali , the boy , the man

مفرد مذكر عاقل ) هو (

. she : Sabrren , the girl , the woman

مفرد مؤنث عاقل )هي (

. it : the table , the animal , the sun :

مفرد غير عاقل

plural pronouns ضمائر الجمع :

: Iأنا

weنحن :

you أنت ،أنت ،أنتم،أنتما ، أنتن

they( it,she ,heالجمع من )

هنا جدول يوضح الضمائر في مختلف مواقعها :

فاعل مفعول به ملكية

His Him He

Her Her She

Its It It

My Me I

Our Us We

Your You You

Their Them They

1. I gave him my car

2. you take it for your dad

3. he cuts his finger

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Verbs

( رئيسي ومساعد 1تقسم الافعال باللغة الى قسمين

1) Helping verbs :

تفيد الجملة في زمن وقوع الحدث وطريقة حدوثه

2) Main verbs :

تفيد في الحدث

Helping verbs :

حدوثه وتنقسم الى أربعة أنواع وطريقةوقوع الحدث زمنوهو يفيد الجملة في

1. verb to be

2. verb to do

3. verb to have

4. modals

Verb to be :

It is used as main verb and helping verb

+ ING

Be

Subject

Is He , she , it

الاسم المفرد

Am I

Are We , you

,they

الاسم الجمع

Was He , she ,it , I

الاسم المفرد

Were We , they ,

you

الاسم الجمع

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The teachers are teaching English language

The girl is

beautiful

Verb to have

+ V3

Base: have

V3: had

أفعال تسخدمhave كفعل مساعد عندما يليها الفعل الرئيسي

I have won the game

I have travelled to Jordan

ويستخدم كفعل رئيسي ويأتي بمعني ) يمتلك ، يقضي ، يتناول (

Ahmad has a cat

They had a lunch

Have Subject

Has He , she , it

الاسم المفرد

Have We , they , you , I

الاسم الجمع

Had I , we , you ,they

,he ,she , it ,

الاسم المفرد والاسم

الجمع

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Verb to do

+ BASE

Base: do

V3: done

كفعل مساعد في حالة السؤال والنفي بالزمن المضارع ( do)تستخدم مجموعة

والماضي

1. Question:

Rule (do, did, does , subject , v – base , ……..? )

What do you want to make cake?

Did he study English?

2. Negative:

Does Ahead play football?

No, he does not play

.

Did he speak English?

Do Subject

Does He , she ,

it

الاسم المفرد

Do We, they

,you , I

الاسم الجمع

Did He , she , it

I , we , you

,they

الاسم المفرد

والجمع

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No, he did not speak .

Modals:

Will :

Shall

Can:

May

Might

Must

Have to

Has to

Had to

Is

Am going to + base form

Are

Was

Were

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*ملاحظات

ingعند اضافة (e)يتم حذف (e)الفعل الذي ينتهى ب

Make …………making

Take ………….taking

يجب تضعيف الحرف الساكن الاخير اذا كان مسبوق بحرف علة واحد

a,I,o,u,e)احرف العلة (

Sit ………………sitting

Swim……………swimming

Plan……………planning

هذه الجمل الى اللغة الانجليزية : أعد كتابة

( رأيت الرجل في المنزل 1

( يذهب علي الى المدرسة 2

( تدرس ليلى في الجامعة 3

( أكل الولد الاكل4

( يسبح خالد كل يوم 5

( يرسل خالد رسالة لصديقه 6

Select the elements of following sentences .

He is playing football .

Ahmad fights to succeed in his life

We began new project

I watched TV every week

Khaild studies English at university

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Tenses : الأزمنة

ملاحظات : يجب عليك عزيزي الطالب حفظ الشكل الخاص لكل زمن من

ناحية الاثبات والنفي والسؤال

الطريقة الأفضل لحل سؤال الازمنة هو الأعتماد على المعنى وبعد ذلك

الإعتماد على الكلمات الدالة

Simple present (V1)

هو التصريف الاول من الفعل

Singular nouns and pronouns + + v s, es ,ies

ضمائر المفرد والاسم المفرد

She eats an apple

Ahamd watches TV

Plural nouns and pronouns + V1

ضمائر واسماء الجمع

I teach English

Negative النفي

He she it +singular nouns doesn’t + v

It doesn’t rain today

I,we,you , they +plural nouns don’t + v

base

We don’t obey our teacher

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Questions السؤال

Do (Plural nouns and pronouns) + verb base ?

Subject

Do you watch TV?

Do the groups follow the rules ?

Does (singular pronouns and nouns ) + verb base ?

Does she pass the exam

Examples

Present continuous المضارع المستمر

Form :

I + am +v + ing

(She ,he , it +singular nouns) + v +ing

I ,we ,you ,they ,plural nouns + v +ing

Examples

I am watching TV now

She is eating meal with her friends

Negative : (S) am

Is (NOT ) + verb + ing

Are

I am not eating nuts

She is not breaking the cup

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Questions: AM

IS SUBJECT + verb + ing

ARE

Are you teaching English ?

Is she walking under the rain ?

Examples :

Present perfect : المضارع التام

Form الشكل

(he ,she , it singular noun) has + V3

(I ,we you ,they plural noun) have + v3

Examples :

She has lost the keys

We have won the price

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Negative : subject has (not ) v3

Have (not ) v3

Questions : Have subject + v3

Has

Examples

She has not travelled to Jordan

We have not passed the exam

Have you taken the photo ?

Has Rama made the agreement ?

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Present perfect continuous : المضارع التام المستمر

Form: (he ,she , it singular noun ) has been + Verb +ing

(we ,you ,they plural noun) have been +verb +ing

Examples

She has been cleaning the car since morning

I have been working in the bank for ten years

Negative: subject has (not) been + verb +ing

Have (not ) been + verb+ing

She has not been taking photos

Questions: Have (subject) been +VERB +ing

Has

Have you been working in the bank ?

Examples :

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Past simple : الماضي البسيط

Form : all subjects and pronouns verb 2

كل الضمائر والاسماء

I translated the text

She watched the movie

The teacher taught us English

Negative : النفي

all subjects and pronouns did not + Base form

I didn’t see you at the playground

She didn’t cook the meal

Ahmad didn’t forget the task

Questions : did+ (subject ) + verb base

Did you pray ?

Did she go to school ?

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Past continuous: الماضي المستمر

Form : she ,he , it , I was +verb + ing

we you they were + verb +ing

I was watching the match when my father arrived

We were studying the exam when the doctor came

Negative: subject + was

Were + not + verb+ing

I was not watching the match when my father arrived

We were not studying the exam when the doctor came

Questions ( was subject + verb +ing )

Were

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Past perfect : الماضي التام

All pronouns and nouns + had + v3

Ahmad had cleaned the room

Rania had written the report

Questions ( had ) + subject +v3

Had Ahmad cleaned the room

Negative : subject +had + NOT+ v3

She had not been in Jordan

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Past perfect continuous : الماضي التام المستمر

All nouns and pronouns + had been + verb + ing

I had been working in the bank

She had been studying English

Negative: Subject + had + (not) +been + verb+ing

I had not been working in the court

She had not been studying English

Question: had + subject +been +verb +ing ?

Had she been studying English ?

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Future simple : المستقبل البسيط

All the nouns and pronouns + will + verb base

I will graduate from university in 2030

My dad will retire next November

Negative: subject + will (not ) +base form

She will not call her friend at night

Questions : will + subject +base form ?

Will you come with me ?

تبقى لدينا من هذا الشرح الكلمات الدالة والوظائف اللغوية تابعونا,,,,,,,,

لمزيد من الشرح تابعو منصة جو أكاديمي