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8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/structure-of-modifiers 1/62
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The Structure of Modifiers
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/structure-of-modifiers 2/62
What are modifiers?
Nouns and pronouns helps us
name and identify things and
people in the world about us.
Verbs help us make statements
and ask questions about thingsand people.
Modifiers help us describe what
we have seen and heard.
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/structure-of-modifiers 3/62
In other words…
Modifiers help us to make clear
the meaning which we would like
to convey.
Example:There was a brilliant flash.
I saw him ran towards the door.
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
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In other words…
Modifiers help us to make clear
the meaning which we would like
to convey.
Example:There was a brilliant flash.
I saw him ran towards the door .
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/structure-of-modifiers 5/62
In other words…
Modifiers also help state how we
feel about things and people.
Example:
The room was messy.
Our new puppy was extremely
energetic.
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/structure-of-modifiers 6/62
In other words…
Modifiers also help state how we
feel about things and people.
Example:
The room was messy .
Our new puppy was extremely
energetic.
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/structure-of-modifiers 7/62
What are modifiers?
Modifiers usually appear
as single-word
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
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What are modifiers?
Modifiers usually appear
as single-word
The room was messy.
Our new puppy was extremely
energetic.
There was a brilliant flash.
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/structure-of-modifiers 9/62
What are modifiers?
Modifiers usually appear
as single-word
The room was messy .
Our new puppy was extremely
energetic.
There was a brilliant flash.
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/structure-of-modifiers 10/62
What are modifiers?
They may also occur as
phrases, or clauses.
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
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What are modifiers?
I saw him ran towards the door.
The watch that I bough from HK was
stolen.
Fernie owns the phone on the table.
They may also occur as
phrases, or clauses.
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/structure-of-modifiers 12/62
What are modifiers?
I saw him ran towards the door .
The watch that I bought from HK was
stolen.
Fernie owns the phone on the table .
They may also occur as
phrases, or clauses.
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/structure-of-modifiers 13/62
What are modifiers?
Under normal circumstances, modifiers
do not do so much to affect the
independence of one sentence suchthat even if you remove them from the
sentence, the sentence still stands to
be grammatically correct.
The only modifier which when removed
will seriously damage the sentence is
the predicate adjective.
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
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A Predicate Adjective
is an adjective that isseparated to the word
that it modifies by a
linking verb.
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
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Compare:
a. The room was messy.
b. The messy room was abandoned.
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Find the modifier (Adj)…
a. The room was messy.
b. The messy room was abandoned.
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
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Find the modifier (Adj)…
a. The room was messy .
b. The messy room was abandoned.
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
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Remove the modifier…
a. The room was messy .
b. The messy room was abandoned.
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
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Remove the modifier…
a. The room was.
b. The room was abandoned.
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
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Remove the modifier…
a. The room was.
b. The room was abandoned.
Only sentence (b) stands to becorrect. Sentence (a) has a
predicate adjective.
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
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The Lesson?
It is important for you to know
which of the group of words aremodifiers so you can disregard
them in the process of identifying
the simple subject. The simple
subject is the one that determines
the number of the verb.
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
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Basic Sentence
Patterns• S – IV
• S – TV – DO (OC)
•
S – LV – SC• S – TV – IO – DO
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
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Basic Sentence
Patterns• mSm – mIVm
• S – mTVm – mDOm (OC)
• S – LV – SC/m
• S – TV – mIOm – DO
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
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Let’s see…
• From the back of the
freezing room in the oldschool, Nathan, under
three sweaters, sneezed
into the tissue in his right
hand.
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
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• From the back of the
freezing room in the oldschool, Nathan, under
three sweaters, sneezed
into the tissue in his right
hand.
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
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• From the back of the
freezing room, Nathan,under three sweaters,
sneezed into the tissue in
his right hand.
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/structure-of-modifiers 27/62
• From the back of the
freezing room, Nathan,under three sweaters,
sneezed into the tissue in
his right hand.
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/structure-of-modifiers 28/62
• From the back of the
freezing room, Nathan,under three sweaters,
sneezed into the tissue.
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/structure-of-modifiers 29/62
• From the back of the
freezing room, Nathan,under three sweaters,
sneezed into the tissue.
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
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• From the back, Nathan,
under three sweaters,sneezed into the tissue.
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
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• From the back, Nathan,
under three sweaters,sneezed into the tissue.
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
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• From the back, Nathan,
under three sweaters,sneezed.
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
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• Nathan, under three
sweaters, sneezed.
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
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• Nathan, under three
sweaters, sneezed.
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
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• Nathan sneezed.
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
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See?
• Nathan sneezed.
S IV
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Let’s see another…
• The woman who is
seated along with thedignitaries on that table
in the corner gave me the
hat that I wore to the
party last week.
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
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• The woman who is
seated along with thedignitaries on that table
in the corner gave me the
hat that I wore to the
party last week.
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
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• The woman who is
seated on that table inthe corner gave me the
hat that I wore to the
party last week.
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• The woman who is
seated on that table inthe corner gave me the
hat that I wore to the
party last week.
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
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• The woman who is
seated on that table gaveme the hat that I wore to
the party last week.
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
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• The woman who is
seated on that table gaveme the hat that I wore to
the party last week.
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
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• The woman gave me the
hat that I wore to theparty last week.
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
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• The woman gave me the
hat that I wore to theparty last week.
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
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• The woman gave me the
hat that I wore to theparty.
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
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• The woman gave me the
hat that I wore to theparty.
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
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• The woman gave me the hat.
s tv io do
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
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Let’s see another…
• The utterly exhausted
plowman painstakinglywalked to his modest
cottage under the pitch
black sky.
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
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• The utterly exhausted
plowman painstakinglywalked to his modest
cottage under the pitch
black sky.
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
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• The exhausted plowman
painstakingly walked tohis modest cottage under
the pitch black sky.
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/structure-of-modifiers 51/62
• The exhausted plowman
painstakingly walked tohis modest cottage under
the pitch black sky.
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/structure-of-modifiers 52/62
• The exhausted plowman
painstakingly walked tohis modest cottage under
the sky.
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
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• The exhausted plowman
painstakingly walked tohis modest cottage under
the sky.
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
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• The plowman
painstakingly walked tohis modest cottage under
the sky.
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
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• The plowman
painstakingly walked tohis modest cottage under
the sky.
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
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• The plowman
painstakingly walkedunder the sky.
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
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• The plowman
painstakingly walkedunder the sky.
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
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• The plowman walked
under the sky.
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
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• The plowman walked
under the sky.
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
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See?
• The plowman walked.
8/3/2019 Structure of Modifiers
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So basically…
Simplifying sentences
allows you to identify thesimple subject, and thus
helps you to determine the
right form of verb to be
used.
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